T H I S P H O T O G R A P H I C R E P R I N T E D I T I O N
IS P U B L I S H E D B Y
D E N N I S & C O ., I N C . (P u b lis h e rs ), B u ffa lo , N . Y ., U . S. A . B U I I E R W O R I H 8c C O . (P u b lis h e rs ) L T D . , L o n d o n , E n g la n d
T h is Series s u s p e n d e d p u b lic a t io n in 1940, a t page 400 o f V o lu m e 19. B u t t e r w o r t h
& C o . (P u b lis h e rs ) L t d . , h a v e c o m p le te d th e v o lu m e f o r th e p u rp o s e s o f th is r e p r in t .
R e p r in t e d b y p h o t o lit h o in th e U .S .A . b y C u s h in g -M a llo y , In c ., o f A n n A r b o r , M ic h ig a n
R E P O R T S
OF CA8 KH IKLATVtO TO
M A R IT IM E LAW CASES
CONTAINING ALL
DECISIONS OF THE COURTS OF LAW AND EQUITY
IN
QCift Untteb Rtngbom.
EDITED BY
J A M E S A. P E T R IE , M.A. and F. A. P. R O W E , b . a .
Ba r r i s t e r s-a t- La w
V O L. X IX , N E W S E R IE S
F ro m 1936 to 1940
L O N D O N
B U T T E R W O R T H A CO . ( P U B L IS H E R S ) L T D
own
^ - N f - : Q Ä
I N D E X
TO
N A M E S O F T H E C A S E S
R E P O R T E D I N T H I S V O L U M E
•Albatross, O w n e rs o f S te a m s h ip v. F o r d M o to r C o m -
p a n y a n d P o r t o f L o n d o n A u t h o r i t y ... 1
A lw a k i, T h e , a n d o th e r S h ip s ... 388
A m a zon e , T h e ... 345, 351 A iz k a r a i M e n d i, Th e ... 228
A ra n tz a z u M e n d i, T h e ... 224, 237, 263 A /S K e n d a l v. A rc o s L i m i t e d ... 126
A /S T a n k o f O slo v. A g e n ce M a r it im e L . S tra u s s o f P a r is : s/s J a m e s H a n s e n ... 349
B o a g v. S ta n d a rd M a rin e In s u ra n c e C o m p a n y L im it e d ... 2 6, 107 C a n a d a R ic e M ills , L im it e d v. U n io n M a rin e a n d G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o m p a n y , L i m i t e d ... 391
C a n a d ia n T r a n s p o r t C o m p a n y , L im it e d v . C o u r t L in e , L i m i t e d ... 374
C h u n g C h i C h e u n g v. T h e K i n g ... 243
C la n C o lq u h o u n , T h e ... 11
C o m p a n ia N a v ie r a B a c h i v. H e n r y H o s e g o o d & Son, L t d . . 186 C o m p a g n ie P r im e r a de N a v a g a z io n a P a n a m a v. C o m p a n ia A r r e n d a ta r ia de M o n o p o lio d e P e tro le o s S .A ... 280, 341 C o u r t L in e L im i t e d v. C a n a d ia n T r a n s p o r t C o m p a n y L i m i t e d ... 283
C r is t in a , T h e ... 159
C u rle w , T h e ... 74
E ise n a ch , T h e ... 28
E u ry m e d o n , Th e ... 121, 170 P o re s ta l L a n d , T im b e r a n d R a ilw a y C o m p a n y , L im it e d v. R ic k a r d s ; M id d o u s , L im it e d v . R o b e r t s o n ; H o w a r d B r o th e r s a n d C o m p a n y v. K a h n ... 398
G abbiano, T h e ... 371
G enua, T h e ... 50
G u in e a , D /S . A /S v . I m p e r ia l C h e m ic a l In d u s tr ie s L i m i t e d ... 145
G u sty, Th e , a n d T h e D a n ie l M ... 366
P a in S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y L im it e d v. T a te a n d L y le , L i m i t e d ... 62
H a ll B r o th e r s S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y L im i t e d v. Y o u n g ; S /S T r id e n t ...2 1 8 ,2 6 9 E tr a n g e r , T h e . O w n e rs o f M j V H e ra n g e r v. O w n e rs o f S /S D ia m o n d ... 250
H o ls te in , T h e ... 71
H o w a r d B r o th e r s a n d C o m p a n y v. K a h n ... 398
H u r u n u i, T h e ; F o y s te r v . N e w Z e a la n d S h ip p in g C o m p a n y , L i m i t e d ... 333
Im p e r ia l S m e ltin g C o r p o r a tio n , L im it e d v. Jo se p h C o n s ta n tin e S te a m s h ip L in e , L i m i t e d ... 354, 381 H in a , T h e ... 203
J e n k in s v. S h e lle y a n d a n o t h e r ... 266
E a fir is t a n , Th e ... 82, 139 K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h ik i K a is h a v. B a n th a m S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y L i m i t e d ... 274
K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h i K a is h a v . B a n th a m S te a m s h ip C o ., L t d . (N o . 1 ) ... 180, 233 K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h i K a is h a v. B a n th a m S te a m s h ip C o., L t d . (N o . 2 ) ... 2 13 K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h ik i K a is h a v. B e ls h ip s C o m p a n y L im it e d , S k ib a k s e ls k a p ... 278
K e e v il a n d K e e v il, L im it e d v. B o a g ... 387
K u lu k u n d is v . N o r w ic h U n io n F ir e In s u ra n c e S o c ie ty ... 37
L a p w in g , T h e ; B a x e n d a le v. F a n e ... 363
M a n ch e ste r R eg im en t, T h e . ... 19, 189 M a r s tr a n d F is h in g C o m p a n y L im it e d v. B e e r ... 100
M a th u ra , T h e ... 328
M id d o w s , L im i t e d v. R o b e r ts o n ... 398
M i l l i e , T h e ... 324
M o c r L in e L im it e d v . M a n g a n e x p o rt G . m . B . H ... 56
M u lb e ra , T h e ... 103
N a p ie r S ta r, T h e ... 302
N ip p o n Y u s e n K a is h a v. R a m jib a n S e ro w g e e ... 154
N o rd b o rg , Th e ... 247
N o r t h u m b r ia n S h ip p in g C o m p a n y L im i t e d v . E . T im m a n d S o n L t d ... 290
P a ss o f L e n y , T h e ... 23
P e tro s M . N e m ik o s , L t d . v . R o b e r ts o n ... 208, 296 P o lo , T h e ... 319
R a d c liffe (W . I . ) S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y L im i t e d v. E x p o r t h le b o f M o s c o w ... 309
R e a rd o n S m ith L in e L im it e d v. B la c k Sea a n d B a lt ic G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o m p a n y L i m i t e d ... 235, 311 R e n to n , F . H . a n d C o m p a n y , L im i t e d v . B la c k Sea a n d B a lt ic G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o m p a n y , l i m i t e d 396 R o b e rts o n v. P e tro s M . N o m ik o s L i m i t e d ... 208, 296 R o c k a b ill, T h e ... 58, 76 R o n a ld West, T h e ... 137
R o to ru a , T h e ... 6
S c in d ia S te a m s h ip s (L o n d o n ) L im it e d v . T h e L o n d o n A s s u ra n c e ... 86
S m ith H o g g a n d C o m p a n y , L im it e d v. B la ck. Sea a n d B a lt ic In s u ra n c e C o m p a n y , L i m i t e d ... 382
S t. A n g u s , T h e ... • • . 221
S tra n n a , T h e ... H 5 T a te m (W . J .) L t d . v. G a m b o a ... 19, 216 Theems, T h e ... ^0 6 T im m (E .) & S o n , L t d . v. N o r t h u m b r ia n S h ip p in g C o., L t d ... 184
T re n tin o , T h e ... L 2 U m ta li, T h e ... 133, 177, 254 V a lv e rd a , T h e ... 8 8 , 146 V a rm d o , T h e ... ... 346, 370 V i t a F o o d P r o d u c ts In c . v. U n u s S h ip p in g C o m p a n y L i m i t e d ... 257
S U B J E C T S O F C A S E S
A B A N D O N M E N T
C o n s tru c tiv e to ta l loss— N o tic e o f a b a n d on m e n t n o t c o n d itio n precedent o f such loss— In s titu te T im e C lauses— C lause 5 o v e rrid in g C lause 8 th a t no c la im on loss o w in g to d e la y. ( H . L . ) R o b e rts o n v. P e tro s M . N o m ik o s , L t d ... 296 M a r in e In s u ra n c e — P o lic y — In s u ra n c e o n fr e ig h t—
S tra n d in g o f vessel— A b a n d o n m e n t to sa lvo rs—
T e m p o ra ry re p a irs i n excess o f re p a ire d va lu e — C la im f o r loss o f fr e ig h t. (C .A .) K a lu k u n d is v.
N o r w ic h U n io n F ir e In s u ra n c e S o c ie ty ... 37
A N C H O R
B e rth fo u le d by P . L . A . d red g e r's a n ch o r— D am a g e to s h ip a t je t ty — N eg ligence.- ( A d m .) O w n e rs o f S.S.
A lb a tro s s v. F o r d M o to r C o ., L t d . a n d P o r t o f L o n d o n A u t h o r i t y ... 1 L ig h ts . See L ig h ts
A P P O R T I O N M E N T B la m e . See B la m e , A p p o r t io n m e n t o f Costs. See C osts
A C C I D E N T
B a rg e s in k in g i n R o y a l A lb e r t D o c k — P r im a fa c ia negligence— C ause o f a ccid e n t le ft i n d ou b t—
B u rd e n o f p ro o f. (A d m .) T h e M u lb e r a ... 103 In e v ita b le . See I n e v it a b le A c c id e n t
A C T IO N
M a r in e p o lic y — C argo in s u re d f o r sea tr a n s it a n d fr o m warehouse to warehouse— Cases o f eggs o n a r r iv a l fo u n d bad— U n d e rw rite r re fu se d o rd e r f o r s h ip 's p a p e rs b u t g iv e n “ lib e rty to a p p ly f o r a ffid a v it o f s h ip 's p a p e rs h ere a fter " — D is c re tio n o f ju d g e r ig h t ly excercised. (C .A .) K e e v il a n d K e e v il, L t d . v.
B o a g ... 387 A C T I O N I N P E R S O N A M
P ra c tic e — W r i t i n c o llis io n a c tio n a g a in s t fo r e ig n c o rp o ra tio n — S e rvice o n E n g lis h agents— W hether fo r e ig n c o rp o ra tio n “ c a rry in g on business " w it h in the j u r is d ic t io n — W r i t and, service set a side. (A d m .) T h e H o ls te in ... 71
A C T I O N I N R E M
Bossession o f y a c h t— D ip lo m a tic im m u n ity o f fo r e ig n m i li t a r y attache. (A d m ., a ffirm e d b y C .A .) T h e A m a z o n e ... 345, 351
A D M I R A L T Y
Salvage agreem ent w it h o w ners o f salved vessel— • S ervices rendered b y s h ip s o f R o y a l N a v y — A d m ir a lty n o t e n title d to salvage. ( H . L . ) A d m ir a l t y C o m m is s io n e rs v. O w n e rs o f M / V V a lv e r d a ... 146
A D M I R A L T Y J U R I S D I C T I O N In te r n a tio n a l la w — Im p le a d in g fo r e ig n sovereign—
S h ip registered i n fo r e ig n c o u n try — R e q u is itio n e d by G overnm ent o f th a t c o u n try — S h ip i n B r it is h p o rt—
Breceedings by o w n e r f o r possession. ( H . L . ) C orn- p a n ia N a v ie r a V a s c o n g a d a v. S te a m s h ip C r is t in a . . 159
A G E N T
N o tic e o f c la im — W hether s u ffic ie n t evidence th a t n otice to a n agent is n o tice to the p r in c ip a l— M e a n in g o f
“ n otice o f a n y c la im " . ( H . L . ) A /s R e n d a lv . A rc o s , L t d . ... ... 126
A G R E E M E N T
Salvage— L lo y d 's S ta n d a rd F o r m — D am a g e b y c o llis io n W hether sa lvo rs w ho a re also owners o f vessel p a r t ly re spo n sible f o r c o llis io n n e ce ssita tin g the salvage services a re e n title d to salvage re m u n e ra tio n . ( H . L . ) T h e K a f i r is t a n ... 139 k alvage— S ervices by s h ip s o f R o y a l N a v y — S alvage
agreem ent between A d m ir a lt y a n d owners o f salved vessel— A d m ir a lt y n o t e n title d to salvage. ( H .L .) A d m ir a l t y C o m m is s io n e rs v. O w n e rs o f M / V V a lv e r d a ... 146
A R R E S T O F S H I P
M o tio n to set a side w r it in re m f o r possession a n d w a rra n t o f a rre s t— P l a i n t i f f s , the R e p u b lic a n G o ve rn m e n t o f S p a in , r e ly in g o n decree o f r e q u is itio n — In te rv e n tio n b y N a t io n a lis t G o vernm ent o f S p a in — In te re s t i n res, by v ir tu e o f r i v a l decree o f re q u is itio n issue d by i t as the de fa c to G overnm ent o f p a r t o f S p a in , in c lu d in g s h ip 's p o r t o f re g is try — W hether de fa c to G overnm ent e n title d to legal im m u n ity accorded to fo r e ig n sovereign S ta te . ( H . L . ) T h e A r a n tz a z u M e n d i ... 263
B A R G E
P o r t a u th o r ity — R a is in g su n ke n barge u n d e r co n tra ct w it h barge owners— N eg lig e n ce — L i a b i l i t y f o r dam age. ( A d m .) T h e R o u a l W e s t ... 137 S in k in g i n R o y a l A lb e r t D o c k — D a m a g e — P r im a
fa c ie negligence— Cause o f a ccid e n t le ft i n d ou b t.
(A d m .) T h e M u lb e ra ... 103 B A R R A T R Y
C h a rte r-p a rty — C o n s tru c tio n — C rew o f s h ip re fu s in g to p e r m it h er to be u n lo a d e d — A c t to p re ju d ic e o f owners. ( K . B . D . ) C o m p a n ia N a v ie r a B a c h i v.
H e n r y H o s e g o o d & S o n , L t d ... 186 M a r in e in s u ra n c e — C o n s tru c tiv e to ta l loss— Vessel
n o t irre trie v a b ly lost. ( K . B . D . ) M a r s tr a u d F is h in g C o ., L t d . v. B e e r ... 100
B I L L O F L A D I N G
C h a rte re rs ' o p tio n before tim e o f s ig n in g — “ T o proceed d ire c t to one safe p o r t E a s t C oast, U n ite d K in g d o m , o r o n the C o n tin e n t, B o rd e a u x I H a m b u rg r a n g e ."
(C .A .) T h e J a m e s H a n s e n ... 349 Endorsees— L lo y d 's average b ond— C o n trib u tio n i n
g en e ra l average— D e v ia tio n — S tr a n d in g o f vessel.
( H . L . ) H a in S te a m s h ip C o ., L t d . v . T a te a n d L y le , L t d ... 62 S h o rt d e liv e ry o f cargo o f tim b e r— P a r t o f deck cargo
lo st a t p o r t o f lo a d in g o w in g to the vessel lis t in g — C ause o f lis t n o t a scerta in e d — W hether sh ip -o w n e rs lia b le — C argo c a rrie d “ a t c h a rte re r's r is k " . W hether a ccid e n t due to “ p e r il o f the sea " o r “ p e r i l on the s e a ." (A d m .) T h e S t r a n n a ... 115 S h o rt d e liv e ry u n d e r some b ills o f la d in g a n d o ve r
d e liv e ry u n d e r others— S h ip o w n e rs ' c la im f o r balance
— C o u n te rc la im by consignees f o r s h o rt d e liv e ry . (C .A .) T h e N o r d lo n g ... 247
B L A C K S E A
C o llis io n i n B o s p o ru s — R u le th a t vessels p roce e d in g u p to w a rd s B la c k Sea m u s t, “ i f i t is p ossib le a n d can be done w ith o u t d an g e r " , fo llo w le ft side o f m id c h a n n e l, w h ils t those co m in g d ow n f r o m B la c k Sea
V I
ASPINALL’S M A R ITIM E LAW CASES
S U B JE C T S O F CASES m u s t n a v ig a te close to A n a to lia n coast— U p -g o in g
vessel ke ep in g close i n to E u ro p e a n shore— D o w n co m in g vessel d r if t in g over to w ard s E u ro p e a n shore
— S ta rb o a rd a n d h a rd -a -s ta rb o a rd wheel a c tio n by u p -g o in g vessel— P o r tin g by d o w n -co m in g vessel—
Im p a c t a t rig h t-a n g le i n a bo u t centre o f ch an n e l—
L o o k -o u t— P e rsistence i n w ro n g wheel a c tio n — F a ilu r e to stop o r reverse— B o th vessels e q u a lly to blam e— T u r k is h M in is t e r ia l Decree o f the 21th D ecem ber, 1934, a rt. 2. (A d m .) T h e P o lo ... 319
B L A M E , A P P O R T I O N M E N T O F C o llis io n — D ense fo g — One vessel ly in g stopped—
O ther vessel proce e d in g u p E n g lis h C h a n n e l.
( A d m .) T h e M a t h u r a ... 328 C o llis io n — F o g — D am a g e d vessel beached a t D o ve r
u n d e r h a rb o u r-m a s te r's d ire c tio n s — W hether fu r th e r dam age by beaching consequence o f c o llis io n — ■ M e a s u re o f damages. (A d m .) T h e G e n u a ... 50 C o llis io n — Vessel g o in g u p - r iv e r a n d vessel a t a n ch o r—
I m p ro p e r a n c h o rin g i n f a i r w a y — S u ffic ie n c y o f a n ch o r lig h ts — D u t y o f u p -g o in g vessel to reduce speed o n seeing s h ip 's lig h ts ahead, a lth o u g h u n id e n tifie d — B o th vessels e q u a lly to blam e. (A d m ., C .A .) T h e E u r y m e d o n ... 121, 170 C o llis io n i n L iv e rp o o l B a y between vessel o u tw a rd
b o u n d f r o m M e rs e y a n d vessel m a n o e u vrin g f o r a d ju s t
m e nt o f compasses to n o rth w a rd a n d w estw a rd o f B a r L ig h t Vessel— R e g u la tio n s f o r P re v e n tin g C o llis io n s a t Sea. T im e o f a p p lic a b ility o f r u le 24—
W hether e x h ib itio n o f " J . 1 . " f la g s ig n a l on m ano e u vr
in g vessel im poses on other vessel a n y o b lig a tio n o ver
r id in g R e g u la tio n s — “ C ro ssin g " o r “ o v e r-ta k in g "
vessels?— Respective d u tie s o f “ sta n d -o n " a n d
“ g iv e -w a y " s h ip s — A p p o rtio n m e n t o f blam e, f o u r - f ift h s a n d o n e -fifth — Costs i n same p ro p o rtio n s .
( A d m .) T h e M a n c h e s te r R e g im e n t... 189 B U R D E N O F P R O O F
D am a g e to barge th ro u g h s in k in g i n R o y a l A lb e rt D o c k
— P r im a fa c ie — negligence— Cause o f a ccid e n t le ft i n d ou b t. ( A d m .) T h e M u lb e r a ... 103 S h ip p in g — Goods— U n p a id v e n d o r's lie n — Possession
o f m a te 's re ceip ts— Goods a c tu a lly s h ip p e d by p u r chaser— D e liv e ry o f b il l o f la d in g to s h ip p e r by s h ip o w n e r w ith o u t re c e iv in g m a te 's re ce ip t i n exchange
— W hether a w ro n g fu l act as a g a in s t ve n d o r—
N a tu r e o f u n p a id v e n d o r's r ig h t i n respect o f goods a fte r p ro p e rty a n d possession have passed— W hether su ffic ie n t to s u p p o rt c la im f o r co nve rsio n — P le d g in g o f goods— B a d f a i t h . (P .C .) N ip p o n Y u s e n K a is h a v . R a m jib a n S e ro w g e e ... 154
C A N A D A C a rria g e o f goods. See C a rria g e o f G o o d s.
M a r in e In s u ra n c e . See M a rin e In s u ra n c e C A R G O
B i ll s o f la d in g — S h o rt d e liv e ry o f cargo o f tim b e r—
P a r t o f deck cargo lost a t p o rt o f lo a d in g o w in g to the vessel lis t in g — C ause o f lis t n o t a scerta in e d—
W hether s h ip -o w n e rs lia b le — C argo c a rrie d “ at ch a rte re r's r is k " — F o llo w in g e xcep tio n clause i n b ills o f la d in g : . . . “ P e r il o f the sea . . . a n d a ll a n d every other dangers a n d accidents o f the seas, riv e rs a n d n a v ig a tio n w heresoever, in c lu d in g p o rts o f lo a d in g . . . o f w hatever n a tu re a n d k in d soever . . . a lw a y s m u tu a lly excepted, even w hen occasioned by n e g li
gence, d e fa u lt o r e rro r i n ju d g m e n t o f the . . . m aster, m a rin e rs o r oth e r servan ts o f the s h ip -o w n e rs " — W h ether a ccid e n t due to “ p e r il o f the sea " o r “ p e r il o n the s e a ." (A d m .) T h e S tr a n n a ... 115 C o n tra b a n d . See C o n tra b a n d
Im p r o p e r stowage— T im e c h a rte r-p a rty — C h a rte re rs to loa d , stow , a n d t r i m cargo— U n d e r s u p e rv is io n o f the c a p ta in — D am ages f o r , p a id b y sh ip o w n e rs to b il l o f la d in g h old e rs— R eco u p m en t b y s h ip o w n e rs ' in d e m n ity clu b — O w ners to g ive tim e -ch a rte re rs the the benefit o f clu b in s u ra n c e s — “ So f a r as club ru le s a llo w " — In te r p r e ta tio n o f ru le s . ( H . L . , a ffir m in g
C .A .) C a n a d ia n T r a n s p o r t C o., L t d . v. C o u r t L in e , L t d ... 283, 374 In s u ra n c e u n t il f i n a l d e s tin a tio n reached— Goods p u t
on q u a ysid e a n d p ile d i n shed by p o rt a u th o r ity —- P a r t o f cargo lost a fte r p il i n g b u t before d e liv e ry to consignees— M e a n in g o f “ f i n a l d e s t in a tio n " . ( K . B . I ) . ) <F. H . R e n to n & C o., L t d . v. B la c k Sea a n d B a lt ic G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o ., L t d ... 396 L oss by s tra n d in g o f vessel— D e v ia tio n to o b ta in coal—
S h ip o w n e rs ' l ia b il i t y . ( H . L . ) N o r t h u m b r ia n S h ip p in g C o., L t d . v . E . T im m & S o n , L t d ... 290 M a r in e In s u ra n c e — In c re a se i n va lu e o f cargo d u r in g
voyage— In cre a se d va lu e p o lic y w it h d iffe re n t u n d e r
w rite rs — C argo je ttis o n e d to re flo a t s h ip — T o ta l loss p a id by u n d e rw rite rs — G e n e ral average a d ju s t
m e nt— S u m received b y cargo owners as salvage on a d ju s tm e n t— R ig h t o f increased va lu e u n d e rw rite rs to share i n salvage— M a r in e In s u ra n c e A c t. 1906 (6 E d w . 1, c. 4 1), s. 79. (C .A .) B o a g v. S ta n d a rd M a rin e In s u ra n c e C o m p a n y L i m i t e d ... 107
C A R R I A G E O F G O O D S C h a rte r-p a rty . See C h a r te r - p a r ty
C o n tra c t— E x c e p tio n s clauses— S h ip o w n e r excused f o r neglect o f m a ste r i n n a v ig a tio n o r m a na g e m en t—
Q u a lifie d e xcep tio n o f unse a w orthin e ss— L ia b i li t y o f s h ip o w n e r. ( H . L . ) S m ith H o g g & C o., L t d . v.
B la c k Sea a n d B a lt ic G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o., L t d . 382 L oss o f s h ip a n d cargo by s tra n d in g — D e v ia tio n to
o b ta in co al— L ia b i li t y o f sh ip o w n e rs — C an a d a W a te r C a rria g e o f Goods A c t, 1910, ss. 6, 7. ( H . L . ) N o r t h u m b r ia n S h ip p in g C o., L t d . v. E . T im m &
S o n , L t d ... 290 N e w fo u n d la n d to N e w Y o rk i n N o v a S c o tia n vessel—
D e liv e ry o f goods dam aged— N e g lig e n t n a v ig a tio n — B i ll s o f la d in g expressed to be governed by E n g lis h la w — F a ilu r e to c o m p ly w ith N e w fo u n d la n d statute
— C o n flic t o f la w s. (P .C .) V i t a F o o d P ro d u c ts , In c . v. U n u s S h ip p in g C o., L t d ... 257 S h o rt d e liv e ry u n d e r some b ills o f la d in g a n d over
d e liv e ry u n d e r other b ills o f la d in g — S h ip o w n e rs ' c la im f o r balance— C o u n te rc la im b y consignees f o r sh o rt d e liv e ry . (C .A .) T h e N o r d b o r g ... 247
C A U S E O F A C C I D E N T
D am a g e to barge th ro u g h s in k in g i n R o y a l A lb e rt D o c k — P r im a fa c ie negligence— Cause o f accid e n t le ft i n doubt— B u rd e n o f p ro o f. (A d m .) T h e M u lb e r a ... 103
C H A R T E R - P A R T Y
C a ll a t p o rt o ff u s u a l ro u te f o r b u n ke rs— S tra n d in g o f s h ip — J e ttis o n o f p o rt o f cargo— C la im f o r general average c o n trib u tio n — W hether d e v ia tio n — M e a n in g o f “ u s u a l r o u te ." ( H . L . ) R e a rd o n S m ith L in e , L t d . v. B la c k Sea a n d B a lt ic G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o ., L t d ... 311 C la im f o r damages f o r d ela y to s h ip b y ice— N o tic e o f
c la im — S e p ara te c la im f o r dam age caused to s h ip — W hether s u ffic ie n t evidence th a t n o tice to a n agent is n otice to the p r in c ip a l— M e a n in g o f “ n o tice o f a n y c la im . " ( H . L . ) A /s R e n d a l v . A rc o s , L t d ... 126 Com m encem ent o f la y -d a y s — L o a d in g i n re g u la r t u r n —
S h ip re a d y a n d i n fin e p ra tiq u e . ( K . B . D . ) M o o r L in e , L t d . v . M a n g a n e x p o rt G . m .b .H ... 56 C o n s tru c tio n — B a r r a t r y — C rew o f s h ip re fu s in g to
p e r m it h er to be u nlo a de d — A c t to p re ju d ic e o f owners. ( K . B . D . ) C o m p a n ia N a v ie r a B a c h i v.
H e n r y H o s c g o o d & S o n , L t d ... 186 C o n s tru c tio n — C o n tra c t f o r tw o voyages— D e v ia tio n on
f i r s t voyage— W hether ch arterers e n title d to refuse to p e rfo rm second voyage. (C .A .) C o m p a g n ie P r im e r a de N a v a g a z ia n a P a n a m a v . C o m p a n ia A r r e n d a ta r ia de M o n o p o lio de P e tró le o s S .A ... 341 C o n s tru c tio n — “ D is c h a rg in g a t tw o safe berths i n one
p o r t " — S h ip d is c h a rg in g a t tw o separate docks i n
ASPINALL’S M A R ITIM E LAW CASES vi 1
S U B J E C T S O F CASES p o r t o f L o n d o n — Cost o f s h iftin g . ( K . B . D . )
W . I . R a d c liffe S te a m s h ip C o ., L t d . , v. E x p o r t h - le b o f M o s c o w ... ... 309 C o n s tru c tio n — D u t y o f ch arte re rs— E x c e p tio n f o r
o b stru ctio n s— B e rth s re q u is itio n e d by G overnm ent.
( K . B . D . ) R e a rd o n S m ith L in e , L t d . v. E a s t A s ia t ic C o ., L t d ... 235 C o n s tru c tio n — P a y m e n t o f h ire — P a y m e n t to be m ade
m o n th ly i n advance— H ir e a t ra te p e r to n deadw eight
— D e a d w e ig h t n o t a scerta in e d — O w n e rs' c la im to w ith d ra w vessel. (C .A .. a ffir m in g K . B . D . ) K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h i K a is h a v. B a n th a m S te a m s h ip C o., L t d . (N o . 1 ) ... 180, 233 C o n s tru c tio n — R ig h t to cancel o n o u tb rea k o f w a r —
Im p lie d te rm — R ig h t to be excercised w it h in reason
able tim e — P u rp o rte d c a n c e lla tio n seven m o nth s a fte r com m encem ent o f w a r. ( K . B . D . ) K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h ik i K a is h a v . B e ls h ip s C o., L t d . , S k ib a k s e ls k a p ... 278 C o n s tru c tio n — R ig h t to w ith d ra w s h ip “ i f w a r breaks
o u t ” — M e a n in g o f “ w a r " — H o s tilitie s begun w it h o u t d e c la ra tio n o f w a r— A n im u s b e llig e re n d i—
J u r is d ic tio n .of c o u rt. ( K . B . D . , a ffirm e d b y C .A .) K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h i K a is h a v. B a n th a m S te a m s h ip C o ., L t d . (N o . 2) ... 213, 274 C o n s tru c tio n — S h ip “ preve n te d f r o m w o rk in g " —
A ccide n t p u t tin g o u t o f a c tio n w in ch e s i n fo r e p a r t o f s h ip . (C .A .) T y n e d a le S te a m S h ip p in g C o ., L t d . v. A n g lo - S o v ie t S h ip p in g C o., L t d . ... 16 C o n s tru c tio n — “ T o proceed . . . d ire c t to one safe p o rt
E a s t C oast, U n ite d K in g d o m , o r on the C o n tin e n t, B o rd e a u x I H a m b u rg ra nge " — C h a rte re rs' o p tio n before tim e o f s ig n in g b ills o f la d in g . (C .A .) A /S
“ T a n k o f O slo ” v. A g e n ce M a r it im e L . S tra u s s o f P a r is ; s.s. “ J a m e s H a n s e n ” ... 349
C O L L I S I O N
B o s p o ru s — R u le th a t vessels p roceeding u p to w ard s B la c k Sea m u s t, “ i f i t is p ossib le a n d ca n be done w ith o u t d an g e r " , fo llo w le ft side o f m id -c h a n n e l, w h ils t those co m in g d o w n fr o m B la c k Sea m u st n a v ig a te close to A n a to lia n coast— U p -g o in g vessel ke ep in g close i n to E u ro p e a n shore— D o w n -c o m in g vessel d r if t in g over to w a rd s E u ro p e a n shore— S ta r b oard a n d h a rd -a -s ta rb o a rd wheel a c tio n by u p -g o in g vessel— P o r tin g b y d o w n -c o m in g vessel— Im p a c t a t r ig h t ang le i n a bo u t centre o f c h a n n e l— L o o k -o u t—
P ersisten ce i n w ro n g wheel a c tio n — F a ilu r e to stop o r reverse— B o th vessels e q u a lly to blam e— T u r k is h M in is t e r ia l Decree o f the 27th Decem ber, 1934, a rt. 2.
(A d m .) T h e P o l o ... 319 C la im s f o r loss o f lif e a n d p e rs o n a l in ju r ie s o f members
o f crew — W hether breach o f C o llis io n R e g u la tio n s by n a v ig a tin g officer a breach o f s ta tu to ry d u ty by ow ner so as to defeat defence o f com m on e m p lo ym e n t—
A p p o rtio n m e n t o f dam ages— Costs— M e rc h a n t S h ip p in g A c t, 1894, s. 4 19, sub-sect. (1)— M a r it im e C o n v e n tio n A c t. 1911, sect. 1 a n d sect. 8, sub-sect. (1).
(A d m .) T h e N a p ie r S t a r ... 302 C o llis o n o f tu g a n d tow w it h B a tte rse a B rid g e , R iv e r
T h a m es, a n d w it h other c ra ft m oored i n the r iv e r — N egligence o f d efe nd a n t vessel w it h w h ic h there w as no im p a c t— M is le a d in g lig h ts — D e fe n d a n t vessel d ro p p in g d o w n r iv e r w it h a n ch o r on bottom — A n c h o r h eld th ro u g h fo u lin g dredger's m o o rin g s — Vessel thus b ro u g h t u p , a vessel “ a t a n c h o r o r m oored " w it h in b y -la w 14 o f P o r t o f L o n d o n R iv e r B y -la w s , 1 9 1 4 - 1934, a n d a c c o rd in g ly n o t e n title d to e x h ib it lig h ts o f a vessel “ u n d e r w a y ” — Vessel e x h ib itin g such lig h ts , so as to m is le a d others a n d cause dam age, lia b le . (A d m .) T h e C u rle w ... 74 D ense fo g — One vessel s o u n d in g “ ly in g sto p p ed "
s ig n a ls — O ther vessel b lo w in g fo g sig n a ls — P r o p o r tio n a te blam e. (A d m .) T h e M a t h u r a ... 328 D e m u rra g e a n d dead fr e ig h t— P r o v is io n f o r d ete n tio n
° f s h ip caused by S p a n is h c i v il w a r— S h ip destroyed by bombs— F r u s tr a tio n o f co ntra ct. ( K . B . D . ) D ¡ S A /S G u iñ e s v . I m p e r ia l C h e m ic a l In d u s tr ie s ,
145 D e v ia tio n — S tra n d in g o f vessel— C o n trib u tio n i n
general average— E ndorsees o f b ills o f la d in g — L lo y d 's average bond. ( H . L . ) H a in S te a m s h ip C o., L t d . v . T a te a n d L y le , L t d ... 62 F r u s tr a tio n o f co m m e rcia l object o f a d ve n tu re — Im p lie d
te rm — A lle g a tio n th a t f r u s tr a tio n caused b y negligence
■— B u rd e n o f p r o o f. ( K . B . D . ) [N o te : T h is d e c is io n w as re v e rs e d b y C .A .— see V o l. 19, p . 3 81; b u t w as s u b s e q u e n tly re s to re d b y H . L . — see [1 9 4 1 ] 2 A l l E - R . 1 65] I m p e r ia l S m e ltin g C o rp o ra tio n , L t d . V- J o s e p h C o n s ta n tin e S te a m s h ip L in e , L t d ... 354
F r u s tr a tio n o f co n tra ct— S h ip d eta in e d i n r iv e r o w in g to b a rric a d e erected by b ellig e re nts. ( K . B . D . ) C o u r t L in e , L t d . v. D a n t a n d R u s s e ll, I n c ... 307 F o w e r to cancel “ i f w a r breaks o u t in v o lv in g J a p a n "
~~C ancelled Ja p a n e se ch arte re rs c la im damages f o r breach— M e a n in g o f “ w a r " — Q u e stio n w hether w a r existed so le ly one f o r E x e c u tiv e a n d n o t f o r co urt.
(C .A .) K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h ik i K a is h a v.
B a n th a m S te a m s h ip C o ., L t d . (N o . 2 )... 274 F im e c h a rte r-p a rty — C h a rte re rs to lo a d , stow , a n d t r i m
cargo— U n d e r s u p e rv is io n o f the c a p ta in — Im p r o p e r stowage— D a m a cjts f o r , p a id by s h ip o w n e rs to b il l o f la d in g h old e rs— R eco u p m en t b y s h ip o w n e rs ' in d e m - nity clu b — O w ners to g ive tim e -c h a rte re rs the benefit
° f club in s u ra n c e s — “ So f a r as clu b ru le s a llo w " — In te r p r e ta tio n o f ru le s . ( H . L . , a ffir m in g C .A .) C a n a d ia n T r a n s p o r t C o., L t d . v. C o u r t L in e , L t d .
2 83, 374 Vessel “ to proceed to B o s to n {L in e s ) o r so n e a r thereto
05 she ca n s a fe ly get (s a fe ly a g ro u n d ) " — D am a g e to berth— N eg lig e n ce o f s h ip — Im p r o p e r m o o rin g . (A d m .) T h e P ass o f L e n y ...
D o w n -g o in g vessel a n d u p -c o m in g vessel a p p ro a c h in g each other a t h ig h speed o n the so u th side o f m id - ch a n n e l— P o r tin g by d ow n g o in g vessel, s ta r
b o a rd in g b y u p -c o m in g vessel— F a ilu r e to p a ss p o rt- to -p o rt— F a ilu r e o f u p -c o m in g vessel, n a v ig a tin g a g a in s t the ebb-tide, to “ ease h er speed o r stop on a p p ro a c h in g . . . bend . . . ” — P o r t o f L o n d o n R iv e r B y e la w s . 1 9 1 4 -1 9 3 4 , byelaw s 4 (a) a n d 33.
(À d m ., C .A ., H . L . ) T h e U m t a li ... 1 3 3 ,1 7 6 ,2 5 4 F o g — D a m a g e d vessel beached a t D o v e r u n d e r h a rb o u r
m a ste r's d ire c tio n s — W hether fu r t h e r dam age by beaching consequence o f c o llis io n — E xce rcise o f
“ o r d in a r y n a u tic a l s k i l l , " the test. (A d m .) T h e G e n u a ... 50 L if e salvage— Subsequent c o llis io n , n o t d ue to n e g li
gence, w it h t h ir d vessel a tte m p tin g to save lif e — D o c trin e o f a s s u m p tio n o f r is k . (A d m ) T h e G u s ty a n d th e D a n ie l M ... 366 L im it a t io n o f lia b il i t y — L o ss o f a n d dam age to
p ro p e rty a n d loss o f lif e a n d p e rs o n a l i n j u r y — R ate o f in te re s t— A d m ir a lt y p ra c tic e . (A d m .) T h e T h e e m s ... 206 L iv e rp o o l B a y — Vessel o u tw a rd b o u n d f r o m M e rs e y
a n d vessel m a n o e u vrin g f o r a d ju s tm e n t o f compasses to n o rth w a rd a n d w estw a rd o f B a r L ig h t Vessel—
R e g u la tio n s f o r P re v e n tin g C o llis io n s a t Sea— T im e o f a p p lic a b ility o f ru le 24— W hether e x h ib itio n o f
“ J . I . " fla g s ig n a l on m a n o e u vrin g vessel im poses on other vessel a n y o b lig a tio n o v e r-rid in g R e g u la tio n s —
“ C ro ssin g " o r “ o v e rta k in g " vessels?— Respective d u tie s o f “ sta n d -o n " a n d “ g iv e -w a y " s h ip s — A p p o rtio n m e n t o f bla m e , f o u r - fifth s a n d o n e -fifth — Costs i n sam e p ro p o rtio n s . (A d m .) T h e M a n - c h e s te r R e g im e n t ... 189 L o ss o f lif e — C la im b y p e rs o n a l re pre se n ta tive o f
m em ber o f crew — Vessels on cro ssin g courses— D u t y o f s ta n d -o n vessel where no a c tio n ta ke n b y g ive -w a y vessel. (C .A .) T h e H u r u n u i ... 333 M a n c h e s te r S h ip C a n a l— L im it a t io n o f lia b il i t y .
( A d m .) T h e M i l l i e ... 324 23
ASPINALL’S M A R ITIM E LAW CASES
v i i i
S U B J E C T S O F CASES M e rs e y — R espective d u tie s o f vessel le a v in g P rin c e s
L a n d in g Stage a n d s h ip p roce e d in g o u t o f n o rth e rn e ntrance o f P rin c e s H a l f T id e D o c k in t o the riv e r — P o w e rs a n d re s p o n s ib ilitie s o f H a rb o u r A u th o r it y — D ire c tio n g ive n by d ock-m a ste r to s h ip i n riv e r e ntrance to “ come a h e a d ." a n “ orde r ’ ’ w it h in sect.
49 o f M e rs e y D ocks C o n s o lid a tio n A c t, 1858— B o th vessels, b u t n o t the H a rb o u r A u t h o r it y , held to blam e
— J u d g m e n t o f the c o u rt below reversed. ( A d m .,C .A .) T h e R o c k a b ill...5 8 , 7 6 N a v ig a tio n i n Copenhagen S o u n d — C ro ssin g rid e —
N a r r o w ch an n e l. (A d m ., a ffirm e d b y C .A .) T h e V a r m d o ... 346, 370 N eg lig e n ce — T u g a n d tow — D am a g e a r is in g “ i n the
course o f a n d i n co nn e ctio n w ith the towage ’ ’—
P o r t o f L o n d o n D o c k B y e la w s , 1928. (A d m .) T h e C la n C o l q u h o u n ... 11 P ra c tic e — A c tio n in p e rs o n a m a g a in s t fo re ig n
c o rp o ra tio n — service on E n g lis h agents— W hether fo r e ig n c o rp o ra tio n “ c a rry in g on business ” w it h in the j u r is d ic t io n — W r it a n d service set aside.
( A d m .) T h e H o ls te in ... 71 Reference to re g is tra r a n d m e rcha n ts— L if e c la im s —
A w a rd s u n d e r F a ta l A ccid e n ts A c t, 1846, a n d L a w R e fo rm ( M is c e lla n e o u s P ro v is io n s ) A c t, 1934—
M e th o d o f c o m p u tin g loss o f e xpe ctatio n o f lif e - r - W hen re v ie w in g tr ib u n a l e n title d to in te rfe re w it h o r ig in a l a w a rd o f dam ages— R ate o f in te re s t— U p to w hen in te re s t sh o u ld r u n . (A d m .) T h e A iz k a r a i M e n d i 228 R u le s o f good se a m a n sh ip — D u t y o f vessel n a v ig a tin g
o n p ro p e r sid e to reverse engines— both vessels held to blam e— P r o p o rtio n o f dam age. ( H . L . ) T h e H e r a u g e r ... 250 S alvage agreem ent— S ta n d a rd f o r m — W hether owners
o f a s a lv in g vessel w ho a re a lso the owners o f a vessel p a r t ly re spo n sible f o r a c o llis io n n e ce ssita tin g the salvage services a re e n title d to salvage re m u n e ra tio n . ( H . L . ) T h e K a f ir is t a n ... 139 Vessel g o in g d o w n -riv e r a n d vessel a t a n ch o r— A n c h o r
lig h ts — L o o k -o u t— F a ilu r e to a v o id c o llis io n w ith vessel whose a n ch o r lig h ts o n ly v is ib le a t one cable, n o t negligence— P o r t o f L o n d o n R iv e r B y e la w s , 1 9 1 4 -1 9 3 4 . b yelaw 14. (A d m .) T h e T r e n t in o . . . 112 Vessel g o in g u p - r iv e r a n d vessel a t a n c h o r— Im p r o p e r
a n c h o rin g i n f a i r w a y — S u ffic ie n c y o f a n c h o r lig h ts — F a ilu r e o f u p -g o in g vessel to id e n tify a n ch o r lig h ts p a r t ly due to u n u s u a l p o s itio n o f anchored vessel—
D u t y o f u p -g o in g vessel to reduce speed on seeing s h ip ’s lig h ts ahead, a lth o u g h u n id e n tifie d — B o th vessels h eld e q u a lly to blam e. (A d m ., C .A .) T h e E u r y m e d o n ... 121, 170 Vessel m oored a t b uo y a n d vessel g o in g d o w n r iv e r —-
S u d d e n f a i n t o f m a ste r a t wheel a t a tim e w hen no other m em ber o f crew o n deck— In e v ita b le a ccid e n t—
O n u s o f p ro o f— D u t y on vessel u n d e r w a y i n a f a i r w a y w h ic h ca nn o t be s a id to be clea r to have lo o k-o u t m a n on deck i n a d d itio n to n a v ig a tin g officer on b rid g e . ( A d m .) T h e S t. A u g u s ... ... 221 Vessel w a itin g to e nter R o y a l A lb e rt D o c k — D u t y o f
w a itin g vessel to other c r a ft i n r iv e r — D u t y o f other c ra ft to w a itin g vessel— A p p o rtio n m e n t o f costs.
(A d m .) T h e R o t o r u a ... 6 C O N F L IC T O F L A W S
D a m a g e to goods— N e g lig e n t n a v ig a tio n — B i ll s o f la d in g expressed to be governed by E n g lis h la w — F a ilu r e to c o m p ly w it h N e w fo u n d la n d S ta tu te — W hether co n tra ct enforceable i n N o v a S co tia . (P .C .) V i t a F o o d P ro d u c ts , I n c . v. U n u s S h ip p in g C o., L t d ... 257
C O N T R A B A N D
C arg o — E n e m y d e s tin a tio n — D iv e rs io n b y sellers to B r it is h p o r t— P re -w a r co n tra c t— P a y m e n t by b uye rs before s h ip m e n t— B i ll s o f L a d in g to se lle rs’ o rd e r—
P riz e C o u rt R u le s , 1939, O rd e r 18, r . 1 (A d m .) T h e G a b b ia u o ... 371
P ra c tic e — P riz e C o u rt— C arg o — Absence o f c la im — ■ R ig h t to condem n a fte r lapse o f tim e — S ix m o n th ’s r u le — G eneral usage o f n a tio n s . ( A d m .) T h e A lw a k i a n d o th e r S h ip s ... 388
C O N T R A C T
C a rria g e by sea— E x c e p tio n s clauses— S h ip o w n e r excused f & r neglect o f m a ste r i n n a v ig a tio n o r m ana g e m en t— Q u a lifie d e xcep tio n o f unse a w orthin e ss
— F a ilu r e o f due d ilig e n c e by sh ip o w n e rs to re n d e r s h ip se aw o rth y— A lle g e d n eg lige n t act o f m a ste r—
L i a b i li t y o f s h ip o w n e r. ( H . L . ) S m ith H o g g &
C o., L t d . v . B la c k Sea a n d B a lt ic G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o., L t d ... 382 C a rria g e o f goods— L oss o f s h ip a n d cargo by s tra n d in g
— D e v ia tio n to o b ta in coal— L ia b i li t y o f sh ip o w n e rs
— C an a d a W a te r C a rria g e o f Goods A c t, 1910, ss. 6, 7.
( H . L . ) N o r t h u m b r ia n S h ip p in g C o., L t d . v. E . T im m & S o n , L t d ... 290 C h a rte r-p a rty — F r u s tr a tio n o f co m m e rcia l object o f
a dve n tu re — Im p lie d te rm — A lle g a tio n th a t f r u s t r a tio n caused by negligence— B u rd e n o f p ro o f.
( K . B . D . ) [N o te : th is d e c is io n w as re v e rs e d b y C .A . (see V o l. 19, p . 381) b u t w as s u b s e q u e n t^ ' re s to re d b y H . L . — see [1 9 4 1 ] 2 A l l E .R . 165] Im p e r ia l S m e ltin g C o rp o ra tio n , L t d . v. J o s e p h C o n s ta n tin e S te a m s h ip L in e , L t d ... 354 E n fo r c e a b ility i n N o v a S c o tia — B i ll s o f la d in g expressed
to be governed by E n g lis h la w — F a ilu r e to c o m p ly w it h N e w fo u n d la n d S ta tu te — C o n flic t o f la w s.
(P .C .) V i t a F o o d P ro d u c ts , In c . v . U n u s S h ip p in g C o ., L t d ... 257 F r u s tr a tio n — C h a rte r-p a rty — S h ip d eta in e d i n riv e r
o w in g to b arrica d e erected by b ellig e re nts. ( K . B . D . ) C o u r t L in e , L t d . v. D a n t a n d R u s s e ll, I n c ... 307 F r u s tr a tio n — D e m u rra g e a n d dead fr e ig h t— D e te n tio n
o f s h ip caused by S p a n is h c iv il w a r— S h ip destroyed by bombs. ( K . B . D . ) D /S A /S G u ln e s v. Im p e r ia l C h e m ic a l In d u s tr ie s , L t d ... 145 F r u s tr a tio n — S p a n is h c i v il w a r— C a p tu re o f s h ip by
h o stile fo rc e — E v e n t in t e r r u p tin g p e rfo rm a n c e o f co n tra c t— E v e n t w it h in c o n te m v la tio n o f p a rtie s . ( K . B . D . ) W . J . T a te m , L t d . v . G a m b o a ... 216 In e q u ita b le — P ra c tic e — M a r it im e lie n — C ircu m sta n ce s
i n w h ic h c o u rt e n title d to re vie w salvage re m u n e ra tio n fix e d by co ntra ct and. to reopen ju d g m e n t by d e fa u lt
— Costs. ( A d m .) T h e I n n a ... 203 P e rfo rm a n c e — C o n tra c t f o r tw o voyages— D e v ia tio n on
f i r s t voyage— W hether ch arte re rs e n title d to refuse to p e rfo rm second voyage. (C .A .) C o m p a g n ie P r im e r a de N a v a g a z ia n a P a n a m a v. C o m p a n ia A r r e n d a ta r ia de M o n o p o lis de P e tró le o s S .A ... 341
C O N S T R U C T I V E T O T A L L O S S M a r in e in s u ra n c e — B a r r a t r y — Vessel n o t irre trie v a b ly
lost. ( K . B . D . ) M a r s tr a n d F is h in g C o., L t d . v.
B e e r... 100 P o lic y co verin g p e rils o f w a r— F r u s tr a tio n clause—
Goods i n G e rm a n owned s h ip s o n o utb rea k o f w a r—
G e rm a n G o vernm ent gives d ire c tio n s to m a ste r—
S h ip s deviated to n e u tra l p o rts — T w o s h ip s scu ttle d — One reaches G e rm a n y— L ia b i li t y o f u n d e rw rite rs . (C .A .) F o re s ta l L a n d , T im b e r a n d R a ilw a y C o., L t d . v. R ic k a r d s ... 398
C O N V E R S I O N
S h ip p in g — Goods— U n p a id v e n d o r’s lie n — Possession o f m a te 's re ceip ts— Goods a c tu a lly s h ip p e d by p u rc h a s e r— D e liv e ry o f b il l o f la d in g to s h ip p e r by s h ip o w n e r w ith o u t re c e iv in g m a te ’s re c e ip t i n exchange
— W hether a w ro n g fu l act as a g a in s t ve nd o r— N a tu re o f u n p a id ve nd o r's rig h t i n respect o f goods a fte r p ro p e rty a n d possession have passed— W hether s u ffic ie n t to s u p p o rt c la im fo r co nve rsio n — P le d g in g o f goods— B a d f a i t h — B u rd e n o f p ro o f— I n d ia n C o n tra c t A c t ( I X . o f 1872), s. 178. (P .C .) N ip p o n Y u s e n K a is h a v. R a m jib a n S e ro g e e ...154
ASPINALL’S M A R ITIM E LAW CASES
IXS U B J E C T S O F C A S E S C O S TS
A p p o rtio n m e n t— C o llis io n — Vessel w a itin g to enter R o y a l A lb e rt D o c k — D u t y o f w a itin g vessel to other c ra ft i n r iv e r — D u ty o f other c ra ft to w a itin g vessel.
(A d m .) T h e R o t o r u a ... 6 C o llis io n — C la im s f o r loss o f lif e a n d p e rs o n a l in ju r ie s
o f members o f crew — W hether breach o f C o llis io n R e g u la tio n s by n a v ig a tin g officer a breach o f s ta tu to ry d u ty by o w n e r so as to defeat defence o f com m on e m p lo ym e n t— A p p o rtio n m e n t o f damages— M e rc h a n t S h ip p in g A c t, 1894, s. 419, sub-sect. (1)—
M a r it im e C o n v e n tio n A c t, 1911, sect. 1 a n d sect. 3, sub-sect. (1 ). ( A d m .) T h e N a p ie r S ta r ... 302 C o llis io n i n fo g — D am a g e d vessel beached a t D ove r
u n d e r h a rb o u r-m a s te r's d ire c tio n s — W hether fu r th e r dam age by beaching consequence o f c o llis io n — E x e r
cise o f “ o r d in a r y n a u tic a l s k i l l " the test— A p p o r tio n m e n t o f blam e f o r c o llis io n — f o u r - f if t h s a n d o n e -fifth — M e a s u re o f damages. (A d m .) T h e G e n u a ... 50
C O U N T E R C L A IM
S h o rt d e liv e ry o f tim b e r u n d e r some b ills o f la d in g a n d o ve r-d e live ry u n d e r other b ills o f la d in g — S h ip o w n e rs' c la im f o r balance— C o u n te rc la im by co n signees f o r sh o rt d e liv e ry — S h ip o w n e rs ' c la im to be cre dite d w it h v a lu e o f tim b e r o ver-delivered. (C .A .) T h e N o r d b o r g ... 247
c i t E W
B a r r a t r y — C rew re fu s in g to p e rm it s h ip to be u nlo a d e d — A c t to p re ju d ic e o f owners. ( K . B . D . ) C o m p a n ia N a v ie r a B a c h i v. H e n r y H o s e g o o d & S o n , L t d ... 186
C R O S S IN G R U L E
C o llis io n i n Copenhagen S o u n d — N a r r o w c h a n n e l—
R e g u la tio n s f o r P re v e n tin g C o llis io n s a t Sea, 1910, a r t. 25. (A d m ., a ffirm e d b y C .A .) T h e V a r m d o
346, 370 D A M A G E
B a rg e s in k in g i n R o y a l A lb e rt D o c k — P r im a fa c ie negligence— C ause o f a ccid e n t le ft i n doubt— B u rd e n o f p ro o f. ( A d m .) T h e M u lb e r a ... 103 C o llis io n — S alvage agreem ent— L lo y d s ' s ta n d a rd f o r m
— W hether owners o f s a lv in g vessel w ho a re also ow ners o f vessel p a r t ly re spo n sible f o r a c o llis io n n e ce ssita tin g the salvage services a re e n title d to salvage re m u n e ra tio n . ( H . L . ) T h e K a f ir is t a n . . . 139 C o llis io n — T u g a n d to w — D am a g e a r is in g “ i n the
course o f a n d i n co nn e ctio n w ith to w in g . (A d m .) T h e C la n C o lq u h o u n ... 11 M a r in e In s u ra n c e — dam age to m a c h in e ry caused
th ro u g h breakage o f s h a ft— In c h m a re e clause—
C la im f o r dam age to s h a ft. ( K . B . D . ) S c in d ia S te a m s h ip s (L o n d o n ) L t d . v . T h e L o n d o n A s s u ra n c e 86 N egligence— S h ip a t je t ty — B e rth fo u le d b y P . L . A .
dredger's a n c h o r— D u t y o f h a rb o u r a u th o r ity — D u t y o f o w n e r o f je t ty . (A d m .) O w n e rs o f S.S.
A lb a tro s s v. F o r d M o to r C o., L t d . a n d P o r t o f L o n d o n A u t h o r i t y ... 1 O il ta n k e r a t b erth — L o ss re s u ltin g f r o m in a b i li t y to
loa d — N egligence o f o w ners o f a d ja c e n t berth.
( A d m .) T h e Pass o f L e n y ... 23
^ r ° p o r tio n w here both vessels h eld to bla m e — C o llis io n R u le s o f good se a m a n sh ip — D u t y o f vessel n a v i
g a tin g r iv e r on p ro p e r side to reverse engines. ( H . L . ) T h e H e r a n g e r ... 250
r r . D E A D W E I G H T
t l l r e a t ra te p e r to n deadw eight— D e a d w e ig h t n o t a scerta in e d — O w n e rs' c la im to w ith d ra w vessel.
(^ • A ., a ffir m in g K . B . D . ) K a w a s a k i K is e n K a b u s h i K a is h a v. B a n th a m S te a m s h ip C o., L t d .
(N o . 1) ... 180
c D E M U R R A G E
a rte r-p a rty — P ro v is io n f o r d ete ntio n o f s h ip caused }y S p a n is h c i v il w a r — S h ip destroyed b y bombs—
I r u s t r a t i o n o f co n tra ct. ( K . B . D . ) D /S A /S G u ln e s v ‘ I m p e r ia l C h e m ic a l In d u s tr ie s , L t d ... 145
D E V I A T I O N
C a ll a t p o r t o ff u s u a l ro u te f o r b un ke rs— W hether d e v ia tio n — M e a n in g o f u s u a l ro ute . ( H . L . ) R e a r d o n S m ith L in e , L t d . v. B la c k Sea a n d B a lt ic G e n e ra l In s u ra n c e C o., L t d . . . ... 311 C h a rte r-p a rty — S tra n d in g o f vessel— C o n trib u tio n i n
general average— E n dorsees o f b ills o f la d in g — L lo y d 's average bond. ( H . L . ) H a in S te a m s h ip C o., L t d . v. T a te a n d L y le , L t d ... 62 C o n tra c t f o r tw o voyages— D e v ia tio n on f i r s t voyage—
W hether ch arterers e n title d to refuse to p e rfo rm second voyage. (C .A .) C o m p a g n ie P r im e r a de N a v a - g a z ia n a P a n a m a v. C o m p a n ia A r r e n d a ta r ia de M o n o p o lis de P e tro le o s S .A ... 341 L o ss o f s h ip a n d cargo by s tra n d in g — D e v ia tio n to
o b ta in coal— L i a b i li t y o f sh ip o w n e rs . ( H .L .) N o r t h u m b r ia n S h ip p in g C o., L t d . v. E . T im m &
S o n , L t d ... 290 D I P L O M A T I C P R I V I L E G E
F o re ig n m i li t a r y attache— Im m u n it y — A c tio n in re m f o r possession o f y a c h t. (A d m ., a ffirm e d b y C .A .)
T h e A m a z o n e ... 345, 351 D O C K - M A S T E R
C o llis io n i n the M e rs e y — R espective d u tie s o f vessel le a v in g P rin c e s L a n d in g Stage a n d s h ip p roce e d in g o u t o f n o rth e rn entra nce o f P rin c e s H a l f T id e D o c k in to the r iv e r — P o w e rs a n d re s p o n s ib ilitie s o f H a r b o u r A u th o r it y — D ir e c tio n g ive n by dock-m a ste r to s h ip i n r iv e r e ntrance to “ come a h e a d ," a n
“ o rd e r " w it h in sect. 49 o f M e rs e y D ocks C o n s o lid a tio n A c t, 1858— B o th vessels, b u t n o t the H a rb o u r A u th o r it y , h eld to blam e— J u d g m e n t o f the co u rt below reversed. (A d m ., C .A .) T h e R o c k a b ill. 5 8, 76
D O U B L E IN S U R A N C E
P o lic y on cargo— F u r th e r p o lic y on incre a se d v a lu e o f cargo— P a y m e n t i n f u l l u n d e r both p o lic ie s — C la im to salvage by both u n d e rw rite rs . ( K . B . D . ) B o a g v . S ta n d a rd M a rin e In s u ra n c e C o., L t d ... 27
E X C E P T E D P E R I L S
B i ll s o f la d in g — S h o rt d e liv e ry o f cargo o f tim b e r—
P a r t o f deck cargo lost a t p o rt o f lo a d in g o w in g to the vessel lis t in g — C ause o f lis t n o t a scerta in e d — W hether sh ip -o w n e rs lia b le — C argo c a rrie d “ a t c h a rte re r's r is k " — F o llo w in g e xcep tio n clause i n b ills o f la d in g : . . . “ P e r il o f the sea . . . a n d a ll a n d every other dangers a n d a ccidents o f the seas, riv e rs a n d n a v ig a tio n wheresoever, in c lu d in g p o rts o f lo a d in g . . . o f w hatever n a tu re a n d k in d soever . . . a lw a ys m u tu a lly excepted, even w he n occasioned by n e g li
gence, d e fa u lt o r e rro r i n ju d g m e n t o f the . . . m aster, m a rin e rs o r other servants o f the s h ip -o w n e rs " — W hether a ccid e n t due to “ p e r i l o f the sea ” o r
“ p e r il on the s e a ." ( A d m .) T h e S tr a n n a ... 115 E X T R A D I T I O N
F a ilu r e o f p roceedings— M u r d e r o f c a p ta in by m em ber o f crew — Vessel i n B r it is h t e r r ito r ia l w aters
— J u r is d ic tio n o f lo ca l c o u rt to t r y accused. (P .C .) C h u n g C h i C h e u n g v. T h e K i n g ... 243
F A T A L A C C I D E N T S A C T
C o llis o n — R eference to re g is tra r a n d m e rcha n ts— L if e c la im s — A w a rd s u n d e r F a ta l A c c id e n ts A c t, 1846, a n d L a w R e fo rm ( M is c e lla n e o u s P ro v is io n s ) A c t.
1934— M e th o d o f c o m p u tin g loss o f e xpe ctatio n o f lif e — W hen re v ie w in g tr ib u n a l e n title d to in te rfe re w ith o r ig in a l a w a rd o f damages— R ate o f in te re s t—
U p to w hen in te re s t sh o u ld r u n . (A d m .) T h e A iz k a r i M e n d i ... .. 228
F O G
C o llis io n — D a m a g e d vessel beached a t D o ve r— W hether fu r th e r dam age by beaching consequence o f c o llis io n
— A p p o rtio n m e n t o f blam e f o r c o llis io n — M e a s u re o f damages. ( A d m .) T h e G e n u a . . . ... 50 C o llis io n — D ungeness— One vessel s o u n d in g “ ly in g
stopped " s ig n a ls — O ther vessel p ro ce e d in g u p E n g lis h c h a n n e l b lo w in g fo g s ig n a ls — E n g in e s o f
“ ly in g stopped " vessel p u t slo w ahead ju s t p r io r to c o llis o n — A lte r a tio n o f course by oth e r vessel—
P ro p o rtio n a te blam e. (A d m .) T h e M a th u r a . . . . 328
