• Nie Znaleziono Wyników

Fostering creativity in the classroom.

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share "Fostering creativity in the classroom."

Copied!
14
0
0

Pełen tekst

(1)

-RXUQDORI(GXFDWLRQ&XOWXUHDQG6RFLHW\1RB

117

Fostering creativity in the classroom.

Ecofeminist movies for a better future

Yolanda Echegoyen-Sanz

'HSDUWPHQWRI6FLHQFH7HDFKLQJ)DFXOW\RI7HDFKLQJ

8QLYHUVLW\RI9DOHQFLD

$YGD7DURQJHUV9DOHQFLD6SDLQ E-mail address: yoesanz@uv.es ORCID: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3729-460X

Antonio Martín-Ezpeleta

'HSDUWPHQWRI/DQJXDJHDQG/LWHUDWXUH7HDFKLQJ)DFXOW\RI7HDFKLQJ

8QLYHUVLW\RI9DOHQFLD

$YGD7DURQJHUV9DOHQFLD6SDLQ E-mail address: anmarez@uv.es ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0210-3399

Abstract

Aim7KHDLPRIWKLVZRUNLVWRSUHVHQWDTXDOLWDWLYHDQDO\VLVRIWKHPRYLHSURSRVDOV

SUHSDUHGE\SUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVLQWKHFRQWH[WRIDQHGXFDWLRQDOH[SHULHQFHDURXQGWKH

HFRIHPLQLVWPRYHPHQW7KHUHVSRQVHVWRDÀQDOTXHVWLRQQDLUHDERXWVXVWDLQDELOLW\DZD

UHQHVVDUHDOVRDQDO\VHG

Originality7KHGHVFULSWLRQDQGDQDO\VLVRIDQHGXFDWLRQDOSURSRVDOEDVHGRQWKH

HFRIHPLQLVWPRYHPHQWWRIRVWHUFUHDWLYLW\LVRIJUHDWQRYHOW\

Methods7KHSDUWLFLSDQWVZHUHDOXPQLRIWKH*UDGHVRI(DUO\&KLOGKRRG(GXFD

WLRQDQG3ULPDU\(GXFDWLRQDWD6SDQLVKXQLYHUVLW\$IWHUDOHFWXUHDERXWHFRIHPLQLVP

DQGUHDGLQJDVHULHVRIIUDJPHQWVRIWKH\RXQJOLWHUDWXUHQRYHOYabaríE\/ROD5REOHV

 SUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVKDGWRSUHSDUHWKHSURSRVDOIRUDQHFRIHPLQLVWPRYLHZLWK

DV\QRSVLVSORWFKDUDFWHUVGHVFULSWLRQFDVWDQGWKHVFULSWIRUDNH\VFHQH7RDVVHVV

WKHH[SHULHQFHWKHVWXGHQWVFRPSOHWHGDTXHVWLRQQDLUHDERXWGLIIHUHQWDVSHFWVRIWKH

SURSRVDODWWKHHQGRIWKHVHPHVWHUDORQJZLWKDYDOLGDWHGTXHVWLRQQDLUHDERXWVXVWD

LQDELOLW\DZDUHQHVV

Results and conclusion7KHDQDO\VLVRIWKHHFRIHPLQLVWPRYLHVSUHSDUHGDQGWKH

UHVSRQVHV WR WKH TXHVWLRQQDLUHV VKRZV KRZ WKH VWXGHQWV ZHUH DEOH WR DVVLPLODWH WKH

HFRIHPLQLVWWKHVHVDQGLQFRUSRUDWHWKHPLQWKHLUUHÁHFWLRQDERXWVXVWDLQDELOLW\7KLVLV

DOVRPDQLIHVWHGLQWKHUHVXOWVRIWKH´$WWLWXGHVWRZDUG6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQWVFDOHµ

ZKLFKLQGLFDWHDKLJKOHYHORIVXVWDLQDELOLW\DWWLWXGHVLQWKHVHSUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVZLWK

QRGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQJHQGHUV7KHFUHDWLYLW\RIWKHVHSUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVLVHYLGHQWLQ

WKHYDULHW\RIDSSURDFKHVWRWKHWRSLFLQWKHGLIIHUHQWPRYLHVSURSRVHG:HFDQFRQF

OXGH WKDW WKH HFRIHPLQLVW WRSLF LV UHOHYDQW LQ WKH FODVVURRP EHFDXVH LW FRQWULEXWHV WR

doi: 10.15503/jecs2021.1.117.130

(2)

HQKDQFLQJWKHHWKLFDOGHEDWHDQGGULYLQJWKHWHDFKLQJOHDUQLQJSURFHVVLQDQLQWHUGLVFL

SOLQDU\PDQQHUSHUIHFWO\DOLJQHGZLWKWKHREMHFWLYHVRIWKH$JHQGDIRUVXVWDLQDEOH

GHYHORSPHQW

Key wordsSUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVLQWHUGLVFLSOLQDULW\VXVWDLQDELOLW\HGXFDWLRQIHPL

QLVPFUHDWLYLW\

Introduction An overview of ecofeminism

E

FRORJLFDOIHPLQLVPRUHFRIHPLQLVPLVDÀHOGRIUHVHDUFKRIJUHDWLPSRUWDQFH

ZLWKLQFXOWXUDOVWXGLHV(FRIHPLQLVPSXUVXHVWKHFRQÀJXUDWLRQRIDPRUH

VXVWDLQDEOHZRUOG ZLWKLWVWKUHHSLOODUVVRFLDOHFRQRPLFDQGHQYLURQPHQWDO  LQZKLFKZRPHQSOD\DYHU\UHOHYDQWUROH7KLVLVGXHWRDPRQJRWKHUWKLQJV

WKHLUSURHQYLURQPHQWDODWWLWXGHVDQGEHOLHIVVXSHULRUWRWKRVHRIPHQ *LIIRUG

6XVVPDQ (FRIHPLQLVWVWXGLHVDUHFOHDUO\LQWHUGLVFLSOLQDU\DQGRIJUHDW

YDOXH WR HGXFDWLRQDO HQYLURQPHQWV EHFDXVH RI WKH SRVVLELOLW\ RI LQWHJUDWLQJ

YDULRXVFXUULFXODUDVSHFWVDVZLOOEHH[SODLQHG

1RHO6WXUJHRQ  FRPSOHWHVDSDQRUDPDRIWKHHYROXWLRQRIHFRIHPL

QLVPLQWKHthFHQWXU\)UDQoRLVH'·(DXERXQQHFRLQHGWKHWHUPHFRIHPLQLVP

LQKHUERRNLe Feminisme ou la Mort )HPLQLVPRU'HDWK LQ,QWKLVZRUN

VKHHVWDEOLVKHGDUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQPDOHGRPLQDWLRQRYHUSRSXODWLRQDQG

WKHGHYDVWDWLRQRIQDWXUH7KLVFXUUHQWRIWKRXJKWJUHZDVWKHLQWHOOHFWXDOUHVXOW

RIVHYHUDOPRYHPHQWVRIVRFLDODFWLYLVPDWWKHHQGRIWKHWZHQWLHWKFHQWXU\

SDUWLFXODUO\SDFLÀVWDQGDQWLQXFOHDU DQGWKHJURZLQJGLVFRQWHQWDWWKDWWLPH

ZLWKZKDWZDVFRQVLGHUHGDODFNRIVHQVLWLYLW\WRJHQGHUDQGVH[LVPLQDODUJH

SDUWRIWKHHQYLURQPHQWDOJURXSV

6RPHRIWKHPRVWUHOHYDQWVRFLDOPRYHPHQWVUHODWHGWRHFRIHPLQLVPDUHWKH

&LWL]HQV·&OHDULQJKRXVHIRU+D]DUGRXV:DVWHIRXQGHGLQE\/RLV*LEEV

DIWHUWKHGLVDVWHUFDXVHGE\WKHFKHPLFDOVSLOOVRIWKH+RRNHU&KHPLFDO&RP

SDQ\LQ/RYH&DQDO 1LDJDUD)DOOV1HZ<RUN ZKLFKUHVXOWHGLQKLJKUDWHV

RIFDQFHUDQGPDOIRUPDWLRQVRIELUWKDPRQJLWVUHVLGHQWVRUWKH%KRSDO*DV

3HHGLW0DKLOD8G\RJ6DQJDWKDQ %*3086 IRXQGHGE\DJURXSRIZRPHQ

YLFWLPVRIWKHFDWDVWURSKHDIWHUWKHOHDNLQDSHVWLFLGHSODQWLQ%KRSDOLQ

ZKLFKPDNHVDQHIIRUWWRUDLVHDZDUHQHVVLQVRFLHW\DERXWWKHVXVWDLQDELOLW\

RIWKHV\VWHPDQGWKHUROHWKDWZRPHQSOD\LQLW%XWSHUKDSVWKHEHVWNQRZQ

HFRIHPLQLVWPRYHPHQWLVWKH&KLSNRPRYHPHQWDOVRNQRZQDVWKHZRPHQ

ZKRHPEUDFHWUHHV FKLSNRPHDQV¶WRHPEUDFH· ZKLFKKDVLWVRULJLQLQ

LQWKHGLVWULFWRI&KDPROL ,QGLD EXWZKLFKODWHUVSUHDGWRRWKHUSDUWVRIWKH

FRXQWU\,WLVEDVHGRQ*KDQGL·VSKLORVRSK\DQGVHHNVWRSURWHFWDQGFRQVHUYH

WUHHVDQGIRUHVWV2QHRIWKHJUHDWHVWVXFFHVVHVRIWKLVPRYHPHQWZDVWKHSUR

KLELWLRQRIFXWWLQJWUHHVIRUÀIWHHQ\HDUVLQWKHIRUHVWVRI8WWDU3UDGHVKLQ

DQGODWHULQRWKHUUHJLRQVVXFKDV+LPDFKDO3UDGHVKRU5DMDVWKDQ)LQDOO\ZH

VKRXOGUHPHPEHUWKDWD1REHO3HDFH3UL]HZDVDZDUGHGLQWRWKHDFWLYLVW

:DQJDUL0DDWKDLDVVRFLDWHGZLWKWKH*UHHQ%HOW0RYHPHQWLQ.HQ\DZKLFK

VKRZVKRZSRRUZRPHQ·VOLYHVFDQEHLPSURYHGWKURXJKHFRORJLFDOPHDVXUHV

(3)

7KHVHZRPHQZHUHGHGLFDWHGWRSODQWLQJWUHHV PRUHWKDQWKLUW\PLOOLRQLQ

WZHOYH$IULFDQFRXQWULHV WRFRPEDWGHIRUHVWDWLRQ

<D\R+HUUHUR  SURSRVHVWRGLVWLQJXLVKWZRPDLQHFRIHPLQLVWFXUUHQWV

FODVVLFDORUHVVHQWLDOLVWHFRIHPLQLVPDQGFRQVWUXFWLYLVWHFRIHPLQLVPDOWKRXJK

WKHUHDUHRWKHUFXUUHQWVVXFKDVSRVWFRORQLDOHFRIHPLQLVPRUVSLULWXDOLVWHFR

IHPLQLVP LQ /DWLQ $PHULFD 7KH FODVVLF RU HVVHQWLDOLVW HFRIHPLQLVP GHIHQGV

WKHLGHDRIUHFRYHULQJSULPLWLYHPDWULDUFK\DQGKDVDVSLULWXDODQGP\VWLFDO

GLPHQVLRQ ,W XQGHUVWDQGV WKDW ELRORJLFDOO\ ZRPHQ JLYLQJ ELUWK EUHDVWIH

HGLQJDQGPHQVWUXDWLQJ DUHFORVHUWRQDWXUHWKDQPHQDQGKDYHDWHQGHQF\

WRSUHVHUYHLW2QWKHRWKHUKDQGFRQVWUXFWLYLVWHFRIHPLQLVPDUJXHVWKDWWKH

PRUHLQWLPDWHUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQZRPHQDQGQDWXUHLVDVRFLDOFRQVWUXFW

DQGKDVEHHQGHYHORSHGIURPWKHWUDGLWLRQDOVH[XDOGLYLVLRQRIODERXUDQGWKH

GLVWULEXWLRQRISRZHUDQGSURSHUW\LQSDWULDUFKDOVRFLHWLHV7KLVFRQVWUXFWLYLVW

FXUUHQWRIHFRIHPLQLVPLVHYLGHQWLQWKHUHFHQWZRUNVRI0DULD0LHVDQG9DQ

GDQD6KLYD  6KLYD  $OLFLD3XOHR  RU+HUUHUR  ,QWKH

stFHQWXU\LWKDVEHFRPHRQHRIWKHPRVWSRZHUIXOOLQHVRIIHPLQLVWUHVHDUFK

WKHUH DUH PDQ\ YROXPHV DQG PRQRJUDSKLF LVVXHV DPRQJ WKH PRVW UHFHQW

.HUVODNH *LIIRUGDQG3KLOOLSV 5XPHQV  Ecofeminism and education

7KH LQWHJUDWLRQ RI HFRIHPLQLVP LQ HGXFDWLRQDO V\VWHPV LV RI JUHDW LQWHUHVW

EHFDXVHLWDOORZVXVWRZRUNDWWKHVDPHWLPHRQHQYLURQPHQWDO DQGVRFLDO

JHQGHUUHODWHG LVVXHV7KHHGXFDWLRQDOGLPHQVLRQRIHFRIHPLQLVPKDVEHHQ

VWDWHGLQQXPHURXVVWXGLHV)RUH[DPSOH3XOHR S SRLQWVRXWWKDW

ZHPXVWZDON´WRZDUGVDQRWDQGURFHQWULFHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQµDQGDOVR

0DUtD 1RYR  S   KDV UHFRPPHQGHG LQFOXGLQJ ´HQYLURQPHQWDO DQG

IHPLQLQHYDOXHVDVYDOXHVDFFHVVLEOHWRDOOµKLJKOLJKWLQJWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIWKH

DIIHFWLYHIDFWRU

'LIIHUHQW ZRUNV GHIHQG WKH HGXFDWLRQDO SRVVLELOLWLHV RI HFRIHPLQLVP )RU

H[DPSOH+XH\OL/L  DUJXHVWKDWHFRIHPLQLVPKHOSVSHRSOHXQGHUVWDQG

KRZJHQGHULGHRORJ\LQÁXHQFHVWKHZRUOGYLHZDQGWKHUHIRUHWKHFRQVWUXFWLRQ

RIHGXFDWLRQDOLQVWLWXWLRQV+HWKLQNVWKDWHFRIHPLQLVPFDQEHLQWHJUDWHGLQD

SHGDJRJLFDOSURMHFWWKDWVKRXOGKLJKOLJKWHWKLFDODFWLYLVPZKLOHTXHVWLRQLQJ

WKHFXUUHQWVRFLDOG\QDPLFVDQGQRUPVWRHVWDEOLVKQHZRQHV$QQHWWH*RXJK

DQG+LODU\:KLWHKRXVH  WKLQNVLPLODUO\WKH\DGYRFDWHXVLQJHFRIHPL

QLVP WR UHFRQVLGHU WKH VHQVH RI HTXLW\ VXVWDLQDELOLW\ DQG UHVSRQVLELOLW\ LQ

RUGHUWRPRGLI\IHHOLQJVDQGDWWLWXGHVERWKIRUWKHSUHVHQWFRQWH[WDQGIRUWKH

IXWXUH/DUD+DUYHVWHUDQG6HDQ%OHQNLQVKRS  SURSRVHWROHDYHEHKLQG

WKHFRQFHSWRIWUDGLWLRQDOVFKRRODQGEXLOGHFRIHPLQLVWVFKRROVDVDOHDUQLQJ

HQYLURQPHQWWRLPSOHPHQWHFRIHPLQLVWSHGDJRJ\7KHUHDUHPDQ\VXFFHVVIXO

H[DPSOHVRIHGXFDWLRQDOSURSRVDOVEDVHGRQIHPLQLVWSHGDJRJ\DVVSHFLÀHG

E\7DQJ:HQKXL  

$VIRUHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQ&RQVWDQFH/5XVVHOODQG$QQH%HOO   GLIIHUHQWLDWHEHWZHHQHGXFDWLQJDERXWLQIRUDQGZLWKWKHHQYLURQPHQW7KH\

FRQFOXGHWKDWIRUDQHIIHFWLYHHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQVWXGHQWVVKRXOGZDQW

(4)

DQGEHDEOHWREHDFWLYHO\LQYROYHG6WDF\.=HOO  VWDWHGWKDWWKHHFRIHPL

QLVWSHUVSHFWLYHLQHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQKDVEHHQV\VWHPDWLFDOO\HFOLSVHG

DQGWKLVZLOOUHVXOWLQWKHORVVRID´IUHVKSHUVSHFWLYHµ S ,QWKHVDPH

OLQHRIWKRXJKW*RXJK  WDONVDERXWWKHODFNRIDIHPLQLVWSHUVSHFWLYHLQ

PDQ\DVSHFWVRIHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQ SROLFLHVSHGDJRJ\DQGUHVHDUFK 

.DUOD $ +HQGHUVRQ   GHPRQVWUDWHV WKDW WKH DFWLRQV RI LQGLYLGXDOV

WRZDUGVWKHHQYLURQPHQWEXWDOVRWRZDUGVRQHDQRWKHU FDQEHLQÁXHQFHG

XVLQJDSKLORVRSK\VXFKDVHFRIHPLQLVP&OHP+HUPDQDQG*LOO.LUNXS   KDYHHVWDEOLVKHGWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIJHQGHUERWKLQWHDFKLQJVWUDWHJLHVDQGHYHQ

LQVWUXFWXULQJGLVFLSOLQHV

7KXVHFRIHPLQLVPDSSHDUVWREHDQH[FHOOHQWVWDUWLQJSRLQWWRDFKLHYHD

FRPSOHWHDQGLQWHUOLQNHGJHQGHUDQGHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQEXWWKHUHDUH

QRWPDQ\FRQFUHWHWHDFKLQJXQLWVZLWKWKLVSHUVSHFWLYH)RUHGXFDWLRQLQH[SHU

LPHQWDO VFLHQFHV =HOO   DQG .ULVWLQD $QGHUVVRQ $QLWD +XVVpQLXV DQG

&KULVWLQD*XVWDIVVRQ  SURSRVHGFRQFUHWHWHDFKLQJXQLWV<RODQGD(FKH

JR\HQ  GLVSOD\VDVHULHVRIWDVNVDQGGLGDFWLFPDWHULDOVZLWKDWUDQVGLV

FLSOLQDU\DSSURDFKLQZKLFKHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQDQGOLWHUDU\HGXFDWLRQ

DUHGHYHORSHGLQDQLQWHJUDWHGZD\ 0DUWtQ (FKHJR\HQ 7KHUHVXOWV

RIWKHLPSOHPHQWDWLRQRIDWHDFKLQJXQLWDURXQGHFRIHPLQLVPZLWKSUHVHUYLFH

WHDFKHUVLVDQDO\VHGLQ(FKHJR\HQDQG$QWRQLR0DUWtQ   Sustainability attitudes

,QWKHHGXFDWLRQDOSURSRVDOGHVFULEHGEHORZZHZDQWWRDGGUHVVWKHVXVWDLQ

DELOLW\ DWWLWXGHV XVLQJ HFRIHPLQLVP DV D WKHPDWLF QRGH ,Q IDFW WKH ZD\ RI

DFKLHYLQJ HQYLURQPHQWDO VXVWDLQDELOLW\ ZKLOH GHYHORSLQJ RXU ZRUOG VRFLDOO\

DQGHFRQRPLFDOO\ VXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQW LVDIXQGDPHQWDOFKDOOHQJHWKDW

WKHVRFLHW\IDFHVWRGD\7KHUROHRIHGXFDWLRQLQVXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQWLV

XQGHQLDEOHFKDSWHURI$JHQGD 81(6&2 VWDWHVWKDW´HGXFDWLRQ

LVFULWLFDOIRUDFKLHYLQJHQYLURQPHQWDODQGHWKLFDODZDUHQHVVYDOXHVDQGDWWL

WXGHVVNLOOVDQGEHKDYLRXUFRQVLVWHQWZLWKVXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQWDQGIRU

HIIHFWLYH SXEOLF SDUWLFLSDWLRQ LQ GHFLVLRQPDNLQJµ DQG GLIIHUHQW SROLFLHV DW

LQWHUQDWLRQDOOHYHO 81(6&2 EURXJKWLWWROLJKW&XUUHQWO\HGX

FDWLRQIRUVXVWDLQDELOLW\LVFOHDUO\DOLJQHGZLWKWKH$JHQGDDQGWKH6XV

WDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQW*RDOV'DUOHQH(&ORYHU  DOUHDG\LQGLFDWHGWKDW

ERWKIRUPDODQGQRQIRUPDOHGXFDWLRQDUHFULWLFDOWRROVWRDGGUHVVWKHGLIIHUHQW

FULVHVDURXQGWKHZRUOG$QGZKLOHKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQIRFXVHVPDLQO\RQFRJQL

WLYHVNLOOV.HUU\6KHSKDUG  SRLQWHGRXWWRWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIWKHDIIHFWLYH

GRPDLQ YDOXHVDWWLWXGHVDQGEHKDYLRXU LQDQHIIHFWLYHHGXFDWLRQIRUVXVWDLQ

DEOHGHYHORSPHQW

)RUWKLVUHDVRQWKHUHDUHPDQ\UHVHDUFKZRUNVPHDVXULQJDWWLWXGHVEHOLHIV

DQGFRPSHWHQFHVLQHGXFDWLRQIRUVXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQW0RVWRIWKHH[L

VWLQJDVVHVVPHQWWRROV %LDVXWWL 6XULDQ0LFKDORVHWDO2OVVRQ

*HULFNH &KDQJ5XQGJUHQ IRFXVRQWKHWKUHHSLOODUVRIVXVWDLQDELOLW\

HQYLURQPHQWVRFLHW\DQGHFRQRP\ EXWODFNDIRFXVRQHGXFDWLRQZKLFKLV

DQ LPSRUWDQW FRPSRQHQW IRU DFKLHYLQJ D VXVWDLQDEOH GHYHORSPHQW 0LFKHOH

(5)

%LDVXWWL DQG 6DUD )UDWH   GHYHORSHG WKH ´$WWLWXGHV WRZDUG 6XVWDLQDEOH

'HYHORSPHQW VFDOHµ IRU XQLYHUVLW\ VWXGHQWV ZKLFK LQFOXGHV WKH GLPHQVLRQ

´HGXFDWLRQµ7KHLWHPVIRUWKLVGLPHQVLRQDGGUHVVVWXGHQWFHQWUHGWHDFKLQJ

PHWKRGVIXWXUHRULHQWHGWKLQNLQJVNLOOVRUKLJKHURUGHUWKLQNLQJVNLOOVDPRQJ

RWKHULVVXHV7KLVZLOOEHWKHLQVWUXPHQWXVHGLQWKLVVWXG\EHFDXVHWKHHGX

FDWLRQIDFWRUIRUVXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQWLVHVSHFLDOO\LQWHUHVWLQJZLWKSUHVH

UYLFHWHDFKHUV

The importance of creativity in teacher training

$QRWKHULPSRUWDQWDVSHFWRIWKLVHGXFDWLRQDOSURSRVDOLVWKDWLWZLVKHVWRFRQ

WULEXWHWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIFUHDWLYLW\DPRQJWKHVWXGHQWV$OWKRXJKFUHDWLYH

WKLQNLQJ LV VWLOO DQ HPHUJLQJ FRQVWUXFW WKH EURDGHU DQG LQWULQVLFDOO\ UHODWHG

FRQVWUXFWRIFUHDWLYLW\KDVEHHQWKRURXJKO\LQYHVWLJDWHG)RUH[DPSOH-RQD

WKDQ$3OXFNHU5RQDOG$%HJKHWWRDQG*D\OH7'RZ S GHÀQH

FUHDWLYLW\DV´WKHLQWHUDFWLRQEHWZHHQDSWLWXGHSURFHVVDQGHQYLURQPHQWZLWK

ZKLFKDQLQGLYLGXDORUJURXSSURGXFHVDSHUFHSWLEOHSURGXFWWKDWLVQHZDQG

XVHIXODFFRUGLQJWRWKHVRFLDOFRQWH[WµUHÁHFWLQJLWVVRFLDODQGPXOWLGLPHQVLR

QDOQDWXUH

$IXQGDPHQWDOUROHRIHGXFDWLRQLVWRSURYLGHVWXGHQWVZLWKWKHFRPSH

WHQFLHVWKH\ZLOOQHHGWREHVXFFHVVIXOLQVRFLHW\,QWKLVVHQVHWKHLPSRUWDQFH

RI FUHDWLYLW\ DQG FUHDWLYH WKLQNLQJ LV ZHOO HVWDEOLVKHG EHLQJ D FDSDFLW\ WKDW

VRPHDXWKRUVLQGLFDWHPXVWEHGHYHORSHGVSHFLÀFDOO\LQFKLOGUHQDQG\RXQJ

SHRSOH 2UWHJD%pMDU/ODPDV /ySH])HUQiQGH] %HUQLH7ULOOLQJDQG

&KDUOHV)DGHO  LQVLVWRQWKHUHYDOXDWLRQRIFUHDWLYLW\DQGLWVQHFHVVDU\

JUHDWHUSUHVHQFHLQWKHHGXFDWLRQDOV\VWHPDFFRUGLQJWRZKDWWKH\FRQVLGHUWR

EHWKHJURZLQJGHPDQGVRIWKHVWFHQWXU\,QWKHVDPHOLQHRIWKRXJKW%LOO

/XFDVDQG(OOHQ6SHQFHU  VWDWHGWKDWFUHDWLYHWKLQNLQJLVDFRPSHWHQF\

WKDWWRGD\·V\RXWKQHHGWRGHYHORSEHFDXVHLWFDQKHOSWKHPDGMXVWWRDUDSLGO\

DQGFRQVWDQWO\FKDQJLQJZRUOG

7KHUROHRIWHDFKHUVLQGHYHORSLQJFKLOGUHQ·VFUHDWLYLW\LVFUXFLDO+RZH

YHUVRPHDXWKRUVDV6HUHQH&KDQDQG0DQWDN<XHQ  RU(OOHQ<DWHVDQG

(PPD7ZLJJ  DIÀUPWKDWLQRUGHUWRGHYHORSVWXGHQWV·FUHDWLYLW\WKH

WHDFKHUVQHHGWRKDYHSUHYLRXVO\GHYHORSHGWKHFUHDWLYLW\RIWKHLURZQ,QWKH

2IÀFHIRU6WDQGDUGVLQ(GXFDWLRQUHSRUWRQFUHDWLYLW\LQWHDFKLQJ 2)67('

 VRPHEDUULHUVWRWKHGHYHORSPHQWRIFKLOGUHQ·VFUHDWLYLW\LQVFKRROVDUH

GHVFULEHG,QDGGLWLRQWRWKRVHUHODWHGWRFXUULFXOXPRUVFKRRORUJDQLVDWLRQ

WKHUHDUHWKHRQHVUHODWHGWRWKHWHDFKHU·VRZQVHQVHRIVHFXULW\,QWKLVFRQ

WH[WLWLVYHU\LPSRUWDQWWRDGGUHVVFUHDWLYLW\LQWHDFKHUWUDLQLQJ$PRQJWKH

RSWLRQVWRGHYHORSFUHDWLYLW\VWRU\WHOOLQJLVWKHRQHFRPPRQO\DJUHHGXSRQ

EHFDXVHLWLVXVHIXOWRGHYHORSDWWKHVDPHWLPHDVWKHFRPPXQLFDWLYHFRPSH

WHQFHDQGWKHORJLFDODQGFULWLFDOWKLQNLQJVNLOOV 2FKV 5XGROI.DUD

 7KHHGXFDWLRQDOSURSRVDOGHVFULEHGKHUHLQZKLFKLQFOXGHWKHFRQFHS

WLRQRIDPRYLHDQGWKHZULWLQJDQGSHUIRUPDQFHRIRQHRIWKHVFHQHVKDGWKH

SXUSRVHRIGHYHORSLQJSUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUV·FUHDWLYLW\

(6)

Methodology Participants

7KHSDUWLFLSDQWVZHUHXQGHUJUDGXDWHVWXGHQWVDWWKHLUVRSKRPRUH\HDURI3UL

PDU\(GXFDWLRQRU(DUO\&KLOGKRRG(GXFDWLRQDWDODUJHSXEOLF6SDQLVKXQL

YHUVLW\'DWDUHSRUWHGKHUHSHUWDLQWRRQHJURXSRIVWXGHQWVZKRZHUHHQUROOHG

LQWKHVXEMHFW´1DWXUDO6FLHQFHVIRU7HDFKHUVµGXULQJWKHFRXUVH2I

WKHSUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVZHUHIHPDOHDQGPDOHWKHPHDQDJH

ZDVZLWKWKHVWDQGDUGGHYLDWLRQRI

Objectives

7KHPDLQREMHFWLYHRIWKLVSURSRVDOZDVWRUDLVHDZDUHQHVVLQIXWXUHWHDFKHUV

DERXWWKHHQYLURQPHQWDODQGVRFLDOVLWXDWLRQRQWKHSODQHWWZRRIWKHWKUHH

SLOODUVRIVXVWDLQDELOLW\ VRFLDOHQYLURQPHQWDODQGHFRQRQLF  3XUYLV0DR  5RELQVRQ 7KHVHFRQGDU\REMHFWLYHVZHUHWRLQWURGXFHWKHHFRIHPLQLVW

SKLORVRSK\DQGWKHPDLQHQYLURQPHQWDOLVVXHVZRUNWUDQVYHUVDOFRPSHWHQFHV

DVWKHFRPPXQLFDWLYHFRPSHWHQFHDQGJHQGHUHTXDOLW\WRSRWHQWLDWHWKHVWX

GHQWV·FUHDWLYLW\DQGHQFRXUDJHWKHKDELWRIUHDGLQJ

Description of the teaching unit

7KHLPSOHPHQWHGWHDFKLQJXQLWLVDVRFLRIRUPDWLYHRQH 7REyQ3LPLHQWD 

*DUFtD DQGLVVWUXFWXUHGDURXQGWDVNVLQVPDOOJURXSVDVZHOODVDXWRQ

RPRXV DQG FROODERUDWLYH ZRUN ,W KDV WKUHH SKDVHV LQWURGXFWLRQ DFWLYLWLHV

WDVNVDQGDVVHVVPHQW

,QWKHÀUVWVHVVLRQWKHHFRIHPLQLVWPRYHPHQWZDVH[SODLQHGE\WKHWHDFKHU

ZLWKDVKRUWOHFWXUHRQLWVHYROXWLRQDQGPDLQFXUUHQWV7KHWHDFKHUDOVRGHVFUL

EHGVRPHRIWKHPRVWUHSUHVHQWDWLYHDFWLYLVWPRYHPHQWVUHODWHGWRHFRIHPL

QLVPVXFKDVWKH*UHHQ%HOWLQ.HQ\DIRXQGHGE\WKH1REHO3UL]HIRU3HDFH

ODXUHDWH:DQJDUL0DDWDLLQZKLFKKDVSODQWHGPRUHWKDQPLOOLRQWUHHV

,Q WKH VHFRQG VHVVLRQ D VHULHV RI IUDJPHQWV RI WKH QRYHO Yabarí E\ /ROD

5REOHV  ZHUHUHDGLQVPDOOJURXSV7KLVLVDVFLHQFHÀFWLRQQRYHOLQZKLFK

UHVRXUFHVLQRXUSODQHWDUHPHDJUHDQGWKHDFWLRQLVGHYHORSHGLQRQHRIWKH

FRORQLHVRIKXPDQNLQG LQWKHSODQHW<DEDUt ZKHUHIXHOLVH[WUDFWHG,QWKH

VHOHFWHGIUDJPHQWVWKHUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQKRZPDOHKXPDQVWUHDWHGZRPHQ

DQGQDWXUHZDVHYLGHQW7KHVWXGHQWVDQVZHUHGDVHULHVRITXHVWLRQVDQGDIWHU

ZDUGVDGHEDWHWRRNSODFHDERXWIHPLQLVPHFRORJ\DQGVXVWDLQDELOLW\

,QWKHVHFRQGSKDVHDVHULHVRIWDVNVUHODWHGZLWKWKHVHLVVXHVZHUHSUHSDUHG

LQVPDOO SHRSOH JURXSV

D $VOLGHPXUDORQWKHVLWXDWLRQRIZRPHQDQGHQYLURQPHQWLQSODQHW(DUWK

E  7KH RXWOLQH RI DQ HFRIHPLQLVW PRYLH WKDW VKRXOG LQFOXGH WKH IROORZLQJ

LQIRUPDWLRQWLWOHGHVFULSWLRQRIWKHPDLQFKDUDFWHUV HYHQWKHFDVW WLPH

DQGSODFHRIWKHDFWLRQV\QRSVLVDQGWKHVFULSWRIRQHRIWKHNH\VFHQHV

7KHDVVHVVPHQWSKDVHWRRNSODFHDWWKHHQGRIWKHVHPHVWHUDQGHDFKJURXS

SUHVHQWHGWKHLUPRYLHWRWKHUHVWRIWKHFODVVZLWKDVKRUWH[SODQDWLRQRIWKHSORW

DQGSOD\HGWKHVFHQHWKH\KDGZULWWHQ$IWHUDOOWKHJURXSVKDGSUHVHQWHGWKHLU

(7)

PRYLHVWKH´EHVWHFRIHPLQLVWPRYLHµRIZDVYRWHGIRUDQGWKHUHZDVDQ

DZDUGFHUHPRQ\

(YDOXDWLRQRIVXVWDLQDELOLW\DWWLWXGHV

7KH VWXGHQWV· VXVWDLQDELOLW\ DWWLWXGHV ZHUH HYDOXDWHG ZLWK WKH ´$WWLWXGHV

WRZDUG6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQWVFDOHµ %LDVXWWL )UDWH 7KLVLVDTXDQ

WLWDWLYH LWHP VFDOH ZLWK IRXU GLPHQVLRQV HQYLURQPHQW (19  HFRQRP\

(&21  VRFLHW\ 62&  DQG HGXFDWLRQ ('8  7KH UHVSRQVH IRUPDW IRU WKH

LWHPVLVDSRLQW/LNHUWVFDOH$VWKHDXWKRUVVWDWHGWKLVTXHVWLRQQDLUHFRXOG

EHXVHIXOIRUXQGHUVWDQGLQJWKHZD\VLQZKLFKVWXGHQWVWKLQNDERXWVXVWDLQD

ELOLW\LVVXHVDQGFRXOGEHXVHGWRLQYHVWLJDWHWKHUHODWLRQVKLSEHWZHHQVXVWD

LQDELOLW\ DWWLWXGHV DQG RWKHU YDULDEOHV ,QWHUQDO UHOLDELOLW\ ZKLFK ZDV IRXQG

XVLQJ&URQEDFK·VDOSKDYDULHVEHWZHHQDQG7KHGDWDFROOHFWLRQWRRN

SODFHDWWKHHQGRIWKHVHPHVWHU 0D\ DQGWKHTXHVWLRQQDLUHVZHUHÀOOHG

RQOLQHLQWKHFRPSXWHUFODVVURRP

'HVFULSWLYHVWDWLVWLFDODQDO\VLVZDVGRQHXVLQJ6366VRIWZDUHYHUVLRQ

3DUWLFXODUO\PHDQDQGVWDQGDUGGHYLDWLRQZDVFDOFXODWHGIRUHDFKRIWKHIDFWRUV

LQWKHTXHVWLRQQDLUH7RFKHFNWKHQRUPDOLW\RIWKHGLVWULEXWLRQV6DSKLUR:LON

WHVWIRURQHVDPSOHZDVXVHG)RUQRUPDOGLVWULEXWLRQVW6WXGHQWWHVWIRULQGH

SHQGHQWVDPSOHVZDVXVHGDIWHU/HYHQHWHVWWRDVVHVVWKHHTXDOLW\RIYDULDQFHV

)RU QRQQRUPDO GLVWULEXWLRQV .UXVNDO:DOOLV WHVW ZDV XVHG IRU LQGHSHQGHQW

VDPSOHV,QDOOFDVHVWKHVLJQLÀFDQFHOHYHOZDV

Results and discussion

Analysis of the ecofeminist movies and the proposed activities

7KHUH ZHUH  HFRIHPLQLVW PRYLHV WKDW WKH VWXGHQWV SUHSDUHG LQ UDQGRP

JURXSVRIWRSHRSOH$PRQJWKHPWKHUHZHUHPRYLHVUHODWHGWRELRGLYHU

VLW\ORVVGHIRUHVWDWLRQÀUHVRUPDULQHHQYLURQPHQWFRQWDPLQDWLRQDQGRYHUH

[SORLWDWLRQWKHPRVWFRPPRQSORWZDVUHODWHGWRGHIRUHVWDWLRQ7KHDQDO\VLVRI

WKHFKDUDFWHUVRIWKHVHPRYLHVLVVKRZQLQÀJXUH7KHSURSRVHGPRYLHVKDG

EHWZHHQ  DQG  GHVFULEHG FKDUDFWHUV PDLQ RU VHFRQGDU\ FKDUDFWHUV  ZLWK

VSHFLÀFQDPHVEXWWKHPRVWFRPPRQQXPEHURIGHVFULEHGFKDUDFWHUVZDV

LQRIWKHPRYLHV )URPWKHGHVFULEHGFKDUDFWHUVZHUHIHPDOHDQG

ZHUHPDOH0RVWRIWKHFKDUDFWHUV  ZHUHDGXOWVDJHGEHWZHHQDQG

DOWKRXJKVRPHPRYLHVDOVRLQFOXGHGFKLOGUHQDQGROGHUSHRSOHDVUHOHYDQW

FKDUDFWHUV,QRQHRIWKHPRYLHVPDLQFKDUDFWHUVZHUHDOLHQV

,QJHQHUDOWKHUHZHUHQRVSHFLDOIHDWXUHVLQWKHPDLQFKDUDFWHUV DSDUWIURP

VRPHRIWKHPEHLQJDOLHQV EXWLQRQHRIWKHPRYLHVDOOZRPHQKDGQDPHVUHOD

WHGWRQDWXUH (PHUDOG'DLV\/LO\5RVH&RUDO-DVPLQH DQGLQRWKHURQHWKH

SURWDJRQLVWVZHUHUHDOUHOHYDQWZRPHQPRVWRIWKHPUHODWHGWRWKHHFRIHPLQLVP

PRYHPHQW 5DFKHO &DUVRQ -DQH *RRGDOO :DQJDUL 0DWKDDL 9DQGDQD 6KLYD 

7KHYLUWXDOFDVWZDVPDLQO\FRPSRVHGRI6SDQLVKDQG+ROO\ZRRGDFWRUVDQG

DFWUHVVHV LH3HQpORSH&UX]0HU\O6WUHHS0DULR&DVDV-RKQQ\'HSS« 

(8)

Fig. 1&KDUDFWHULVWLFV JHQGHUDQGDJH RIWKHPDLQFKDUDFWHUV

Source:RZQHODERUDWLRQ

7KHVHWWLQJRIWKHVWRULHVLVVKRZQLQÀJXUH0RVWRIWKHPRYLHVGLGQRW

FKDQJHORFDWLRQWKURXJKRXWWKHVWRU\DQGZHUHORFDWHGLQ6SDQLVKYLOODJHVRU

FLWLHV  RULQXQGHWHUPLQHGSODFHV  DOWKRXJKVRPHVWXGHQWVVHWWKHLU

PRYLHVDOVRLQRWKHU(XURSHDQFRXQWULHV 3RODQGDQG,UHODQG RUFRXQWULHVIURP

RWKHUFRQWLQHQWV 0H[LFR&RORPELDDQG,QGLD ,QRQHRIWKHPRYLHVWKHDFWLRQ

WRRNSODFHEHWZHHQDQXQGHWHUPLQHGSODFHRQ(DUWKDQGWKHSODQHW9HQXV

$OPRVWDOOWKHPRYLHVZHUHVHWLQWKHSUHVHQWWLPHIURPWR WKH

PRYLHVZHUHSUHSDUHGLQWKHFRXUVH 7KHUHZDVRQO\RQHPRYLHVHW

RQWKHODVWFHQWXU\ FRQFUHWHO\DWWKHHQGRIWKHV DQGRWKHURQHVHWLQWKH

IXWXUH LQ 

)LJ6HWWLQJRIWKHVWRU\

Source:2ZQHODERUDWLRQ

$VIRUWKHSURSRVHGDFWLYLWLHVWKH\ZHUHPDLQO\UHODWHGWRRXWGRRUHGX

FDWLRQ WULSVWRQDWXUDOHQYLURQPHQWVZKHUHWKHFKLOGUHQKDGWRSODQWWUHHV

REVHUYHQDWXUHRUSLFNXSWUDVK ZLWKYLVXDODUWV GUDZLQJSUHSDULQJSRVW

HUVRUPXUDOVVRPHWLPHVZLWKQDWXUDOHOHPHQWVOLNHZRRGVWLFNVGULHGOHDYHV

HWF RUDFWLYLWLHVWKDWVRXJKWWRIDYRXUFKLOGUHQ·VUHÁHFWLRQRYHULVVXHVUHODWHG

WRHFRORJ\VXVWDLQDELOLW\DQGIHPLQLVP7KHUHZHUHDOVRVRPHDFWLYLWLHVOLNH

V\PEROLFJDPHVJ\PNKDQDVERRNUHDGLQJLQWKHFODVVURRPRUWKHDWUHSOD\V

(9)

7KHSURSRUWLRQRIHDFKW\SHRIDFWLYLWLHVLVVKRZQLQÀJXUH\S\S\S JJJ

)LJ7\SHVRISURSRVHGDFWLYLWLHV

Source:2ZQHODERUDWLRQ

6WXGHQW·VDVVHVVPHQW

$IWHUDOOWKHSKDVHVRIWKHWHDFKLQJXQLWWKHVWXGHQWVFRPSOHWHGDTXHVWLRQ

QDLUHDERXWGLIIHUHQWDVSHFWVRIWKLVHGXFDWLRQDODSSURDFK$OWKRXJKOHVVWKDQ

NQHZWKHHFRIHPLQLVWPRYHPHQWEHIRUHKDQGDOOWKHVWXGHQWVFRQVLGHUHG

WKLVWHDFKLQJXQLWYHU\  RUTXLWH  LQWHUHVWLQJ

0RVWRIWKHVWXGHQWVDOVRFRQVLGHUHGYHU\  RUTXLWH  LQWHU

HVWLQJWKHVHOHFWHGIUDJPHQWVRIWKHQRYHODQGRIWKHPDIÀUPHGWKDW

WKH\ZDQWHGWRUHDGWKHFRPSOHWHZRUNZKLOHZRXOGWKLQNDERXWLW7KH

SDUDOOHOEHWZHHQZKDWKDSSHQHGLQWKLVG\VWRSLFQRYHODQGHYHQWVLQSODQHW

(DUWK ZDV DSSDUHQW IRU  RI WKH VWXGHQWV 7KHUH ZDV FRQVHQVXVDERXW

WKHLPSRUWDQFHRIDGGUHVVLQJIHPLQLVWLVVXHVERWKDWXQLYHUVLW\OHYHODQGDW

VFKRROV

$VIRUWKHPRUHSUDFWLFDODVSHFWVRIWKHWHDFKLQJXQLWPRVWRIWKHVWXGHQWV

IRXQG LW HDV\ WR LPDJLQH DQ HFRIHPLQLVW PRYLH DQG DOO DVSHFWV UHODWHG WR LW

+RZHYHUVRPHVWXGHQWVLQGLFDWHGWKDWWKH\KDGVRPHGLIÀFXOWLHVLQVHOHFW

LQJWKHPDLQLGHDIRUWKHPRYLHPDNLQJLWDWWUDFWLYHIRUWKHSRWHQWLDOYLHZHUV

GHFLGLQJRQWKHSORWWKHZULWLQJRIWKHSDUWLFXODUVFHQHWKHFKDUDFWHULVDWLRQRI

WKHFKDUDFWHUVRUDJUHHLQJZLWKWKHUHVWRIWKHJURXSLQVRPHRIWKHDERYHPHQ

WLRQHGDVSHFWV7KH\DOOORYHGWKHODVWVHVVLRQZLWKRXUVSHFLDO2VFDUFHUHPRQ\

DQGDZDUGVZKLFKWKH\KLJKOLJKWHGLQWKHLUFRPPHQWV

+HUH ZH LQFOXGH VRPH RI WKH VWXGHQW·V RSLQLRQV WKDW WKH\ FRXOG H[SUHVV

IUHHO\LQRQHRIWKHTXHVWLRQV´,WKDVEHHQDYHU\LQWHUHVWLQJDFWLYLW\ZKHUH

ZHKDYHHQMR\HGVFLHQFHDQGHQYLURQPHQWDOHGXFDWLRQDQGDERYHDOOZHKDYH

OHDUQWDERXWHFRIHPLQLVPµ )/ ´7KHZD\ZHZRUNHGLWLQFODVVVHHPHGYHU\

LQWHUHVWLQJWRPH7KHUHIRUHZLWKP\IXWXUHVWXGHQWV,ZRXOGOLNHWRGRVRPH

WKLQJVLPLODUXVLQJFKLOGUHQ·VOLWHUDWXUHDQGGRLQJG\QDPLFDFWLYLWLHVODWHUµ

$6 ´,WKDVEHHQDG\QDPLFDQGIXQWHDFKLQJXQLWZKHUHZHKDYHDOOKDG

WKHRSSRUWXQLW\WRGHPRQVWUDWHRXUFUHDWLYLW\µ 3% ´,YDOXHHVSHFLDOO\WKH

(10)

DZDUHQHVVUDLVLQJSURFHVVWKDWKDVHPHUJHGWKURXJKWKHSURSRVHGZRUNWKH

YLVLELOLW\WKDWKDVEHHQJLYHQWRWKHIHPLQLVWPRYHPHQWDQGWKHJRRGDWPRV

SKHUHWKDWKDVEHHQJHQHUDWHGLQFODVVµ /5 ´,WKLQNLWLVHVVHQWLDOWRHQMR\

OHDUQLQJDQGWKHUHIRUHEHSOD\IXO:LWKWKLVDFWLYLW\ZHKDYHSURPRWHGFUHDWLY

LW\DQGHFRORJLFDODZDUHQHVVµ (9

Sustainability attitudes

7KHUHVXOWVRIWKHGHVFULSWLYHVWDWLVWLFDODQDO\VLVIRUWKHVXVWDLQDELOLW\DWWLWXGHV

TXHVWLRQQDLUHDUHVKRZQLQ7DEOH$VFDQEHVHHQWKHVWXGHQWVKDYHKLJK

VXVWDLQDELOLW\ DWWLWXGHV LQ DOO GLPHQVLRQV RI WKH TXHVWLRQQDLUH ZLWK YDOXHV

DERYHIRUDOORIWKHP7KHORZHVWYDOXHZDVWKHRQHREWDLQHGLQWKHHQYLURQ

PHQWGLPHQVLRQ  ZKLOVWWKHKLJKHVWYDOXHZDVWKHRQHUHODWHGWRHGXFD

WLRQ   7DEOH

Descriptive statistics for the responses to the questionnaire

'LPHQVLRQ Min 0D[ Mean 6'

(19    

(&21    

62&    

('8    

Source: 2ZQHODERUDWLRQ

7KLVLVDORJLFDOUHVXOWEHFDXVHWKH\DUHSUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVDQGDUHKHQFH

DZDUHRIWKHLPSRUWDQFHRIHGXFDWLRQWRDGGUHVVPDQ\LVVXHVLQFOXGLQJVXVWD

LQDELOLW\ )LJHQ $NoD   GHPRQVWUDWHG WKDW SURVSHFWLYH WHDFKHUV KDYH

VWURQJHUEHOLHIVDERXWHGXFDWLRQIRUVXVWDLQDEOHGHYHORSPHQWWKDQJUDGXDWHV

HQUROOHGLQWKH3HGDJRJLFDO)RUPDWLRQ&HUWLÀFDWH3URJUDP7KHLQÁXHQFHRI

WKHKLJKHUHGXFDWLRQVWXGLHVRQVXVWDLQDELOLW\DWWLWXGHVKDVDOVREHHQVWDWHGE\

%LDVXWWLDQG)UDWH  ZKRLQGLFDWHGWKDWDJULFXOWXUHVWXGHQWVSHUIRUPHG

EHWWHURQWKHHQYLURQPHQWIDFWRUWKDQSV\FKRORJ\VWXGHQWVZKLOHSV\FKRORJ\

VWXGHQWVSHUIRUPHGEHWWHURQWKHVRFLHW\IDFWRU

7KHUHVXOWVRIRXUVWXGHQWVZHUHPXFKKLJKHULQDOOGLPHQVLRQVWKDQWKH

RQHVREWDLQHGE\-DPDO$EX$OUX]HWDO  ZLWKXQGHUJUDGXDWHVWXGHQWV

DWWKH)DFXOW\RI(GXFDWLRQDWDSXEOLFXQLYHUVLW\LQ-RUGDQ (19 (&2

62& ('8  7KHNH\FDQEHWKHVRFLRHFRQRPLFGLIIHUHQFHV

EHWZHHQ WKH WZR FRXQWULHV EHFDXVH LW KDV EHHQ GHPRQVWUDWHG WKDW HQYLURQ

PHQWDODZDUHQHVVLVVWURQJO\GHWHUPLQHGE\WKHVWXGHQWV·VRFLRHFRQRPLFEDFN

JURXQGHYHQLQWKHVDPHFRXQWU\ 0yQXV 

,QPRVWRIWKHSXEOLVKHGVWXGLHVUHODWHGWRHQYLURQPHQWDORUVXVWDLQDEL

OLW\DWWLWXGHVWKHUHDUHGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQJHQGHUV%ULWWDQ\%ORRGKDUWDQG

-DQHW 6ZLP   H[SODLQ WKHVH GLIIHUHQFHV DFFRUGLQJ WR VRFLDOLVDWLRQ DQG

JHQGHUUROHV$OWKRXJKQRUPDOO\ZRPHQKDYHDKLJKHUHQYLURQPHQWDOFRQ

VFLRXVQHVV )UHPHUH\\%RJQHU6XWWRQ *\XULV%HUJPDQ

(11)

0DUWtQ(]SHOHWD (FKHJR\HQ6DQ] WKHUHDUHDOVRVWXGLHVWKDWGLGQRW

ÀQGDQ\VLJQLÀFDQWGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQWKHJHQGHUVRQWKHVHLVVXHV /DUVRQ

&DVWOHEHUU\  *UHHQ   /HYLQH  6WUXEH   /LHÁDQGHU  %RJQHU

 

7KH GLIIHUHQFHV EHWZHHQ JHQGHUV RQ DOO GLPHQVLRQV RI WKH TXHVWLRQQDLUH

ZHUHFKHFNHGXVLQJWKH0DQQ:KLWQH\8WHVW DVWKHUHVXOWVRIWKHQRUPDOLW\

WHVWLQGLFDWHGWKDWDOORIWKHGLPHQVLRQVIROORZHGDQRQQRUPDOGLVWULEXWLRQ 

7KHUHVXOWVDUHVKRZQLQWDEOH7KHUHVHHPVWREHLQJHQHUDODKLJKHUFRQ

VFLRXVQHVVRIDOOGLPHQVLRQVRIVXVWDLQDELOLW\IRUPDOHWKDQIHPDOHVWXGHQWV

+RZHYHUWKHVWDWLVWLFDODQDO\VLVVKRZVQRVLJQLÀFDQWGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQJHQ

GHUVVRZHFDQFRQFOXGHWKDWLQRXUFDVHDOOVWXGHQWVKDYHDVLPLODUVXVWDLQD

ELOLW\DZDUHQHVV

7DEOH

Mann-Whitney U test according to gender

'LPHQVLRQ *HQGHU Mean 6' s

(19 Male  

Female   

(&21 Male  

Female   

62& Male  

Female   

('8 Male  



Female  

Source:RZQHODERUDWLRQ

Conclusions

7KHHGXFDWLRQDOSURSRVDOKHUHGHVFULEHGVKRZVKRZHFRIHPLQLVPFDQEH

XVHGWRGHYHORSGLIIHUHQWYDOXHVUHODWHGZLWKVXVWDLQDELOLW\DWWKHVDPHWLPH

VXFKDVWKHDSSUHFLDWLRQRIWKHUROHRIZRPHQDQGHQYLURQPHQWDOSURWHFWLRQ

$IWHUWKHDQDO\VLVRIWKHPRYLHVSURSRVHGE\WKHVWXGHQWVDQGWKHLUUHVSRQVHV

WRWKHTXHVWLRQQDLUHVLWLVHYLGHQWWKDWWKLVDSSURDFKKDVEHHQDEOHWRSRWHQ

WLDWHWKHFUHDWLYLW\RIWKHVWXGHQWVZKLOHKHOSLQJWKHPWRDVVLPLODWHVXVWDLQDEL

OLW\UHODWHGFRQFHSWVDQGHQULFKWKHLUFULWLFDOWKLQNLQJ

7KHUHVXOWVRIWKHTXHVWLRQQDLUHDERXWVXVWDLQDELOLW\DWWLWXGHVVKRZWKHKLJK

OHYHORIDZDUHQHVVRISUHVHUYLFHWHDFKHUVLQDOOGLPHQVLRQVRIVXVWDLQDELOLW\

ZLWKYDOXHVDERYHRXWRILQDOOWKHFDVHV7KHKLJKHUVFRUHZDVREWDLQHGIRU

WKHHGXFDWLRQDOGLPHQVLRQDQGWKHORZHURQHIRUWKHHQYLURQPHQWDORQH7KH

VWDWLVWLFDODQDO\VLVGHPRQVWUDWHGQRVLJQLÀFDQWGLIIHUHQFHVEHWZHHQJHQGHUVLQ

DQ\RIWKHGLPHQVLRQVRIVXVWDLQDELOLW\

(12)

References

>@ $EX$OUX] - +DLODW 6 $O-DUDGDW 0  .KDVDZQHK 6   $WWLWXGHV WRZDUG 3LOODUV

RI6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQW7KH&DVHIRU8QLYHUVLW\6FLHQFH(GXFDWLRQ6WXGHQWVLQ-RUGDQ

Journal of Teacher Education for Sustainability, 20  GRLMWHV

>@ $NoD)  6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQWLQ7HDFKHU(GXFDWLRQLQ7HUPVRIEHLQJ6ROXWLRQ

2ULHQWHGDQG6HOI(IÀFDF\Sustainability, 11  GRLVX

>@ $QGHUVVRQ.+XVVpQLXV$ *XVWDIVVRQ&  *HQGHU7KHRU\DVD7RROIRU$QDO\VLQJ

6FLHQFH7HDFKLQJTeaching and Teacher Education, 25  GRLMWDWH

>@ %HUJPDQ%*  $VVHVVLQJ,PSDFWVRI/RFDOO\'HVLJQHG(QYLURQPHQWDO(GXFDWLRQ3UR

MHFWVRQ6WXGHQWV·(QYLURQPHQWDO$WWLWXGHV$ZDUHQHVVDQG,QWHQWLRQWR$FWEnvironmental Education Research, 22GRL

>@ %LDVXWWL 0  )UDWH 6   $ 9DOLGLW\ DQG 5HOLDELOLW\ 6WXG\ RI WKH $WWLWXGHV WRZDUG

6XVWDLQDEOH 'HYHORSPHQW 6FDOH Environmental Education Research, 23    GRL



>@ %LDVXWWL 0  6XULDQ $   7KH 6WXGHQW 6XUYH\ RI (GXFDWLRQ IRU 6XVWDLQDEOH 'HYHO

RSPHQW&RPSHWHQFLHV$&RPSDULVRQDPRQJ)DFXOWLHVDiscourse and Communication for Sus- tainable Education, 3  GRLY\

>@ %ORRGKDUW% 6ZLP-.  6XVWDLQDELOLW\DQG&RQVXPSWLRQ:KDW·V*HQGHU*RWWR

'RZLWK,W"Journal of Social Issues, 76  GRLMRVL

>@ &KDQ6 <XHQ0  3HUVRQDODQG(QYLURQPHQWDO)DFWRUV$IIHFWLQJ7HDFKHUV·&UHDWLY

LW\)RVWHULQJ3UDFWLFHVLQ+RQJ.RQJThinking Skills and Creativity, 12GRLM

WVF

>@ &ORYHU'(  *HQGHU7UDQVIRUPDWLYH/HDUQLQJDQG(QYLURQPHQWDO$FWLRQGender and Education, 7  GRL

>@ (FKHJR\HQ6DQ]<  6RVWHQLELOLGDG\JpQHUR(OHFRIHPLQLVPR\VXGLPHQVLyQHGXFD

WLYD,Q+5DXVHOO 07DODYHUD FRRUGV *pQHUR\GLGiFWLFDV8QDPLUDGDFUtWLFDXQDDSUR[L- PDFLyQSUiFWLFD SS 9DOHQFLD7LUDQWOR%ODQFK

>@ (FKHJR\HQ 6DQ] <  0DUWtQ (]SHOHWD $   &UHDWLYLW\ DQG (FRIHPLQLVP LQ WHDFKHU

WUDLQLQJ4XDOLWDWLYHDQDO\VLVRIGLJLWDOVWRU\WHOOLQJProfesorado: Revista de Currículum y For- mación del Profesorado, 25  GRLSURIHVRUDGRYL

>@ )UHPHUH\& %RJQHU);  &RJQLWLYH/HDUQLQJLQ$XWKHQWLF(QYLURQPHQWVLQ5HOD

WLRQWR*UHHQ$WWLWXGH3UHIHUHQFHVStudies in Educational Evaluation, 44GRLM

VWXHGXF

>@ *LIIRUG5 6XVVPDQ5  (QYLURQPHQWDO$WWLWXGHV,Q6'&OD\WRQ (G The Oxford handbook of environmental and conservation psychology SS 2[IRUG2[IRUG8QLYHUVLW\

3UHVV

>@ *RXJK$  5HFRJQLVLQJ:RPHQLQ(QYLURQPHQWDO(GXFDWLRQ3HGDJRJ\DQG5HVHDUFK

7RZDUGDQ(FRIHPLQLVW3RVWVWUXFWXUDOLVW3HUVSHFWLYHEnvironmental Education Research, 5  

GRL

>@ *RXJK$ :KLWHKRXVH+  &HQWHULQJ*HQGHURQWKH$JHQGDIRU(QYLURQPHQWDO

(GXFDWLRQ5HVHDUFKThe Journal of Environmental Education, 50  GRL



>@ +DUYHVWHU/ %OHQNLQVRS6  (QYLURQPHQWDO(GXFDWLRQDQG(FRIHPLQLVW3HGDJRJ\

%ULGJLQJWKH(QYLURQPHQWDODQGWKH6RFLDOCanadian Journal of Environmental Education, 15,



>@ +HQGHUVRQ.$  (FRIHPLQLVPDQG([SHULHQWLDO(GXFDWLRQThe Journal of Experiential Education, 20  GRL

>@ +HUPDQ& .LUNXS*  &RPELQLQJ)HPLQLVW3HGDJRJ\DQG7UDQVDFWLRQDO'LVWDQFH

WRFUHDWH*HQGHUVHQVLWLYH7HFKQRORJ\HQKDQFHG/HDUQLQJGender and Education, 29  

GRL

>@ +HUUHUR<  Una mirada para cambiar la película. Ecología, ecofeminismo y sostenibilidad

0DGULG(GLFLRQHV'\VNROR

>@ .DUD 1 &LJGHP &  &DJLOWD\ .   ,QYHVWLJDWLQJ WKH $FWLYLWLHV RI &KLOGUHQ

WRZDUG D 6PDUW 6WRU\WHOOLQJ 7R\ Educacional Technology & Society, 16    GRL



(13)

>@ .HUVODNH /  *LIIRUG 7 FRRUGV   0RQRJUiÀFR ´(FRIHPLQLVPRV PXMHUHV

\ QDWXUDOH]Dµ Feminismo/s. Revista del centro de estudios sobre la mujer de la Universi- dad de Alicante  5HWULHYHG 0D\ WK  IURP KWWSVIHPLQLVPRVXDHVLVVXH

YLHZ,VVXHQHFRIHPLQLVPRVPXMHUHV\QDWXUDOH]DSGIBIHPLQLVPRVBQ

>@ /DUVRQ / 5 &DVWOHEHUU\ 6 %  *UHHQ * 7   (IIHFWV RI DQ (QYLURQPHQ

WDO (GXFDWLRQ 3URJUDP RQ WKH (QYLURQPHQWDO 2ULHQWDWLRQV RI &KLOGUHQ IURP 'LIIHUHQW

*HQGHU $JH DQG (WKQLF *URXSV Journal of Park and Recreation Administration, 28 

GRL

>@ /HYLQH'6 6WUXEH0-  (QYLURQPHQWDO$WWLWXGHV.QRZOHGJH,QWHQWLRQVDQG

%HKDYLRUVDPRQJ&ROOHJH6WXGHQWVThe Journal of Social Psychology, 152GRL



>@ /L+/  (FRIHPLQLVPDVD3HGDJRJLFDO3URMHFW:RPHQ1DWXUHDQG(GXFDWLRQEdu- cational Theory, 57  GRLM[

>@ /LHÁDQGHU$. %RJQHU);  7KH(IIHFWVRI&KLOGUHQ·V$JHDQG6H[RQ$FTXLULQJ

3UR(QYLURQPHQWDO$WWLWXGHVWKURXJK(QYLURQPHQWDO(GXFDWLRQThe Journal of Environmental Education, 45GRL

>@ /XFDV% 6SHQFHU(  Teaching Creative Thinking: Developing Learners Who Generate Ideas and Can Think Critically&DUPDUWKHQ&URZQ+RXVH3XEOLVKLQJ

>@ 0DUWtQ(]SHOHWD$ (FKHJR\HQ6DQ]<  (QYLURQPHQWDO$WWLWXGHVLQWKH/LWHUDWXUH

&ODVVURRPZLWK3UHVHUYLFH7HDFKHUVProfesorado: Revista de Currículum y Formación del Profeso- rado, 24  GRLSURIHVRUDGRYL

>@ 0LFKDORV$&&UHHFK+6ZD\]H1.DKONH30+%XFNOHU& 5HPSHO.  

0HDVXULQJ .QRZOHGJH $WWLWXGHV DQG %HKDYLRXUV FRQFHUQLQJ 6XVWDLQDEOH 'HYHORSPHQW

DPRQJ7HQWK*UDGH6WXGHQWVLQ0DQLWREDSocial Indicators Research, 106GRL

V

>@ 0LHV0 6KLYD9  (FRIHPLQLVP &ULWLTXH,QÁXHQFH&KDQJH /RQGRQ=('ERRNV/WG

>@ 0yQXV )   &RPSDULQJ (QYLURQPHQWDO $ZDUHQHVV RI +XQJDULDQ 6WXGHQWV LQ +LJK

6FKRROVZLWK'LIIHUHQW6RFLR(FRQRPLFDO%DFNJURXQGJournal of Applied Technical and Educa- tional Sciences, 9  GRLMDWHVYL

>@ 1RYR0  /DQDWXUDOH]D\OD0XMHUFRPRVXMHWRVHOYDORUGHODXWRStD\GHODHGXFDFLyQ

,Q01RYR FRRUG Mujer y medio ambiente: los caminos de la visibilidad SS 0DGULG

/RVOLEURVGHODFDWDUDWD

>@ 2FKV(7D\ORU&5XGROSK' 6PLWK5  6WRU\WHOOLQJDVD7KHRU\EXLOGLQJ$FWLY

LW\Discourse Processess, 15  GRL

>@ 2)67('   Expecting the Unexpected: Developing Creativity in Primary and Secondary Schools./RQGRQ2IÀFHIRU6WDQGDUGVLQ(GXFDWLRQ

>@ 2OVVRQ'*HULFNH1 &KDQJ5XQGJUHQ61  7KH(IIHFWRI,PSOHPHQWDWLRQRI

(GXFDWLRQIRU6XVWDLQDEOH'HYHORSPHQWLQ6ZHGLVK&RPSXOVRU\6FKRROV²$VVHVVLQJ3XSLOV·

6XVWDLQDELOLW\&RQVFLRXVQHVVEnvironmental Education Research, 22  GRL



>@ 2UWHJD%pMDU0$/ODPDV) /ySH])HUQiQGH]9  (IHFWRGHXQSURJUDPDGH

HQVHxDQ]DFUHDWLYDHQODVLQWHOLJHQFLDVP~OWLSOHV\ODFUHDWLYLGDGHQDOXPQRVGHDxRVProfe- sorado. Revista de currículum y formación del profesorado, 21(2)

>@ 3KLOOLSV0 5XPHQV1 (GV   Contemporary Perspectives on Ecofeminism/RQGRQ

1HZ<RUN5RXWOHGJH

>@ 3OXFNHU-%HJKHWWR5 'RZ*  :K\LVQ·W&UHDWLYLW\PRUH,PSRUWDQWWR(GXFD

WLRQDO3V\FKRORJLVWV"3RWHQWLDOV3LWIDOOVDQG)XWXUH'LUHFWLRQVLQ&UHDWLYLW\5HVHDUFKEduca- tional Psychologist, 39  GRLVHSB

>@ 3XOHR$+  Ecofeminismo para otro mundo posible0DGULG&iWHGUD

>@ 3XUYLV%0DR< 5RELQVRQ'  7KUHHSLOODUVRIVXVWDLQDELOLW\LQVHDUFKRIFRQFHS

WXDORULJLQVSustainability science, 14  GRLV

>@ 5REOHV/  Yabarí&iGL]&HUEHUR

>@ 5XVVHOO&/ %HOO$&  $3ROLWL]HG(WKLFRI&DUH(QYLURQPHQWDO(GXFDWLRQIURP

DQ(FRIHPLQLVW3HUVSHFWLYH,Q.:DUUHQ (G Women’s Voices in Experiential Education SS

 'XEXTXH.HQGDOO+XQW

(14)

>@ 6KHSKDUG .   +LJKHU (GXFDWLRQ IRU 6XVWDLQDELOLW\ 6HHNLQJ $IIHFWLYH /HDUQ

LQJ RXWFRPHV International Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 9    GRL



>@ 6KLYD9  Earth Democracy: Justice, Sustainability and Peace/RQGRQ=HG%RRNV/GW

>@ 6WXUJHRQ 1   Ecofeminist Natures: Race, Gender, Feminist Theory and Political Action, /RQGRQ5RXWOHGJH

>@ 6XWWRQ6* *\XULV(  2SWLPL]LQJWKH(QYLURQPHQWDO$WWLWXGHV,QYHQWRU\(VWDE

OLVKLQJD%DVHOLQHRI&KDQJHLQ6WXGHQWV·$WWLWXGHVInternational Journal of Sustainability in Higher Education, 16GRL,-6+(

>@ 7REyQ63LPLHQWD- *DUFtD-  6HFXHQFLDV'LGiFWLFDVDSUHQGL]DMH\HYDOXDFLyQGHFRP- petencias'LVWULWR)HGHUDO0p[LFR3HDUVRQ3UHQWLFH+DOO

>@ 7ULOOLQJ% )DGHO&  21st Century Skills: Learning for Life in our Times6DQ)UDQFLVFR

-RVVH\%DVV

>@ 81(6&2   Framework for the UNDESD International Implementation Scheme 3DULV

81(6&2

>@ 81(6&2  Roadmap for Implementing the Global Action Programme on Education for Sus- tainable Development3DULV81(6&2

>@ 81(6&2  $JHQGD´3URPRWLQJ(GXFDWLRQ3XEOLF$ZDUHQHVVDQG7UDLQLQJ &KDS

WHU µ5HSRUWRIWKH8QLWHG1DWLRQV&RQIHUHQFHRQ(QYLURQPHQWDQG'HYHORSPHQW5LRGH

-DQHLUR-XQH²

>@ :HQKXL7  &RQVWUXFWLQJDQG3UDFWLFLQJ)HPLQLVW3HGDJRJ\LQ7DLZDQXVLQJD)LHOG

6WXG\RIWKH7ZHQW\)LYH/DGLHV7RPEGender, place and culture, 20  GRL

;

>@ <DWHV( 7ZLJJ(  'HYHORSLQJ&UHDWLYLW\LQ(DUO\&KLOGKRRG6WXGLHV6WXGHQWV

Thinking Skills and Creativity, 23GRLMWVF

>@ =HOO6.  (FRIHPLQLVPDQGWKH6FLHQFH&ODVVURRP$3UDFWLFDO$SSURDFKScience Edu- cation, 7  GRL$

Cytaty

Powiązane dokumenty

After reviewing and evaluating the results obtained with this teaching experience, Project Based Learning has proven to be a suitable tool to stimulate the creative work

FRQQHFWHG ZLWK WKH PHDQLQJ RI FOXVWHU LQLWLDWLYH LQ HGXFDWLRQ &RQFOXVLRQV PDGH E\ WKLV OHFWXUHU XQGHUOLQHG WKH QHHG RI UHRULHQWDWLRQ ERWK WKH RUJDQL]DWLRQ DQG WHDFKLQJ SURJUDPV LQ

Inną z cnót mistrza jest jego postawa odpowiedzialności (Olbrycht 2007, s. Chodzi tutaj głównie o  psychopedagogiczną oraz moralną odpo- wiedzialność tworzenia więzi z 

Kłócą się z  doktrynami neoliberalnego ładu politycznego, z  grupami intere- sów zbiorowego egoizmu, z  dysfunkcjonalnymi instytucjami i  organami pań- stwa, wreszcie z 

Po pierwsze, podkreśla się, iż rzeczywista i pełna realizacja prawa do uczestnictwa społecznego dzieci opiera się na wprowadzeniu całej gamy warunków legislacyjnych, politycznych

„Najbardziej fascynującym zjawiskiem z punktu widzenia pedagogiki jest reorientacja i  kształtowanie się postaw społecznych wobec tych fenomenów transformacji globalnej,

Szukając odpowiedzi na pytanie dotyczące miejsc owego ukrycia moż- na odnieść się do poglądów R. Autor opisując szkołę jako przestrzeń nawiedzoną przez duchy:

“The image of science as establishing mastery over subjects, as demanding the absence of feeling, and as enforcing separateness of the knower from the known, all under the guise