Cumyat1u51, 6u.nu1-t2eu3Ma e cpepe
t1epKoe1-to-pe.nu2uo31-tou 06U4ecmee1-t1-tou
iJe51,me.nb1-tocmu e coepeMe1-t1-tou Poccuu
OJihr A A. KPhIJIOBA
(MocKfJa)
O;::i:Hoii H3 Jacrryr MaprapHThI HHKorraeBHhI Ko)l(HHOH HBm1eTCH pa3p a6oTKa
□
OHHTHH c�epa o6�eCTBeHHOH ,n:eHTeJihHOCTH npHMeHHTeJibHO K CTHJIHCTHKe, 6rraro,n:apH ąeMy �YHKQHOHaJihHaH CTHJIHCTm<a o6perra npoą HhIH 3KCTparrHHrBHCTw1ecKHH �yH,n:aMeHT. KaK maecTHO, M.H. KO)l(HHa Il0Ka3arra, 'łTO c�epbl o6�ecrneHHOH ,n:eHTefilHOCTH, C KOTOpbIMH CBH3aHbl �YHKQHOHaJibHhie CTHJIH, BhIJJ:eJIHIOTCH He npOH3B0JlhHO, a C onopoii Ha �HJIOCO�CKYIO KaTeropHIO �Op Ma o6�eCTBeHHOro C03HaHHH: HMeHHO TaKHM �OpMaM o6�eCTBeHHOro C03HaHHH, KaK HayKa, npaBO, TIOJIHTH'łeCKaH H,n:eorrornH, HCKYCCTBO (B TOM 'łHCJie CJIOBeCHOe HCKYCCTBO) COOTBeTCTBYIOT OC06bie c�epbl o6�ecTBeHHOH ,n:eHTeJihHOCTH: HayąHaH, a,n:MHHHCrpaTHB HO-npaBoBa H, c�epa TI OJIHTHKO-H,n:eorrorHąecKOH o6�eCTBeHHOH ;::i:eHTeJibHOCTH, c�epa HCKYCCTBa H JIHTepaTyphI. Erraro,n:apH 3TOMY, IlOHBHJiaCb MeTOJJ:OJIOfH'łeCKaH OCHOBa MH BhI,n:erreHHH �YHKQHOHaJihHhIX CTHJieii JIHTepaTypHoro H3hlKa KaK TaKHX ero TIOJJ:CHCTeM, KOTOphle �YHKQHOHHpyIOT B 3THX c�epax o6�ecTBeHHOH ,n:eHTeJihHOCTH.qTO )l(e KacaeTCH TaKOH �OpMbl o6�ecTBeHHOro C03HaHHH, KaKpellUZUUJI, TO COOTBeTCTBYIO�aH eii c�epa o6�eCTBeHHOH ,n:eHTeJihHOCTH - u,epK06-H0-pellUZU03HaJI - B CoBeTCKOM Co103e no TIOJIHTH'łeCKHM npH'łHHaM OKa3aJiaCb BHe
□
OJIH 3peHHH CBeTCKHX �HJIOJIOfOB-HCCJie,n:oBaTerreii. Pa3yMeeTCH, TeorrorH Bcer,n:a y,n:eJIHJIH cepbe3HOe BHHMaHHe H3y'-leHHIO perrHrH03HhIX TeKCTOB, BhIJJ:BHraJIH onpe,n:eneHHbie Tpe6oBaHHH K H3hIKYStylistyka XIV
nponoBe,Uett; C ,upyrott CTOpOHbl, 11CTOp11Kl1 pyccKoro .Sł3b!Ka, Jll1Tepa TypoB eL(hl , t on h K n o p 11 cThl, apx e o n or11 11 3 y ą an11 ,up eBHepyccK 11 e TTl1CbMeHHb!e naM.SITHl1Kl1, B TOM •-rncne naM.SITHl1Kl1 )Kl1Tl1HHOH Jl11TepaTypbl, 6orocJ1y)Ke6Hbie KH11rl1, OL(HaKO B CTl1Jll1CTl1Ke, KOTOpasi BbIL(eJll1JlaCh KaK caMOCTO.SITeJlbHa.SI Jll1HrBl1CTI1ąecKa.Sł HayKa cpaBHl1TeJlhHO TT03L(HO, Bonpoc 06 o c o 6 o M CTl1Jle COBpeM e H H O r o pyccKoro .Sł3b!Ka, CBSl3 a H H O M C QepKOBHO-pen11r1103HOH ctepoti o6I..QeCTBeHHOH .uesiTeJlbHOCTl1 , B006I..Qe He CTaBl1JlC.SI; HI1 B OL(HOH pa6oTe no CTl1Jll1CTl1Ke HeT .ua)Ke ynOMl1HaHl1.Sł o TaKOM tYHKQ110HaJlbHOM CTl1Jle. Cą11TaJlOCb, ąTo B ctepe QepKOBHO-pen11r1103HOH o6I..QeCTBeHHOH ,uesiTeJlbHOCTl1 tYHKQl10H11pyeT QepKOBHOCJlaBSIHCKHH Sl3bIK, a He tYHKQl10HaJlbHb!H CTI1Jlb COBpeMeHHOro pyccKoro Jll1TepaTypHoro .Sł3bIKa.
B COBpeMeHHOM npaBOCJlaBHOM 6orocJ1y)KeH1111, ,ueHCTBl1TeJlbHO, 11 cetiąac 11CTTOJlh3yeTC.Sł QepKOBHOCJlaB.SIHCKl1H .Sł3hlK. Bo BpeM.Sł 6orocJ1y)KeHl1SI CB.SII..QeHHOCJlY)Kl1TeJlh 3aą11Tb1BaeT 0Tpb!BKl1 113
C8RU{ell1i020 nucalłUR.,
3ByąaT M OJll1TBbl , QepK OBHbie n ecHoneHl1 SI , - 3Ta p eąesaSI ,ue.SITeJl b H O CTb ocyI..QeCTBJl.SłeTC.Sł Ha QepKOBHOCJlaB.SIHCKOM .Sł3b!Ke. XOTSI QepKOBHOCJlaB.SIH CKl1H .Sł3b!K 6Jll130K ,upeBHepyCCKOMY, TeM He MeHee, 3TO OC06hIH 513bIK, 11 60Jlbllil1HCTBY HOCl1Teneti COBpeMeHHOro pyccKoro Sl3bIKa OH HenoH.SITeH. I1 ep11 0,u11 ąecK11 B 0 3 H l1KaeT sonpoc o nepeB o,ue 6orocny)KeH11 si Ha COBpeMeHHb!H pyCCKl1H .Sł3bIK, ąTo Bbl3bIBaeT OCTpyro noneMI1KY 11 B QepKOBHOH ctepe, 11 B cpe.ue umpoKOH o6pa30BaHHOH o6I..QeCTBeHHOCTl1, np11BOL(.SITC.SI apryMeHThI KaKpro, TaK 11 contra.
CTopOHHl1KI1 nepeBo,ua 6orocJ1y)KeHl1.Sł Ha COBpeMeHHblH pyccKl1H .Sł3b!K apryMeHT11pyIOT CBOIO TOąKy 3peHl1SI, BO-nepBbIX, Tpe60BaH11eM TTOHSITHOCTl1 pen11r1103HblX TeKCTOB L(Jl.Sł W11pOKl1X Mace, BO-BTOpbIX, yKa3aHI1eM Ha TO, ąTo B 3TOM cnyąae U:epKOBb CTaHeT 6onee ,ueMOKpaT11ąHOH, 6onee 6Jll13KOH H8QI10HaJlhHOH K YJlhType, a B-TpeTbl1X, CCblJlKOH Ha OTTbIT nepeso.ua KaTOJlJ1qecKOH CJly)K6bI C JlaTl1HCKOro .Sł3b!Ka Ha HaQ110HaJlhHbie .Sł3b!Kl1. AKTI1BHb!M npOTI1BHI1KOM 3TOH TT0311QI111 Bb!CTyn11n 113BeCTHblH pycCKI1H yąeHbIH 11 o6I..QeCTBeHHhIH ,ue.SITeJlb ,[(M11Tp11tt CepreeB11ą JlHxaąeB (J111xaąes
1 997: 41 -45) .
.[(.C. J111xaąeB OTMeąaeT, ąTo TTOTTbITK11 nepeBOL(a 6oro CJly)Ke6HblX TeKCTOB Ha «06bI,UeHHblH pyCCKl1H .Sł3b!K» 6b!Jll1 11 paHbWe, oco6eHHO nocne peBomoQ1111, Kor.na npo.SIB11nacb TeH,ueHQl1SI rocy,uapcTBa no,uą11HI1Th ce6e U:epKOBh. l1 ,uanee oH onpoBepraeT sce np11se,ueHHb1e apryMeHTblpro.
«HenOH.SłTHOCTh» 6orocJly)KeHirn CB.SI3aHa OTHIOL(b He TOJlb KO C .Sł3b!KOM: 6orocny)KeH11e HeITOH51THO L(Jl.Sł Tex, KTO He 3HaeT OCHOBCumya14UR 6UJ1uH2BU3Ma B c(j)epe 14epKOBHo-pellu2uo3Hou .. . OJlbrA A.KPb!JlOBA
npaBocnaBHoro yqemu1, 11 qenoBeK, )l(ena10m11ił noHSITh CO.LJ.ep)l(aH11e pen11r1103HOH cny)l(6hr, )l(ena10m11ił nocemaTh QepKOBh, .LJ.On)l(eH B nepByro o qepe.LJ.h nOHSITb H MeHHO yqeHHe U: epK BH. «HenOHSITHOCTh» )l(e 6orocny)l(eHHSI np11 ero nepeBO.LJ.e Ha o6hI.LJ.eHHhlH Sl3hIK nHWh ycyry611TCSI, nOCKOnhKY HC1łe3HYT Te OTTeHKH CMblcna, KOTOphie eCTb B QepKOBHO cnaBSIHCKOM TeKCTe, HO He 6y.LJ.yT nepe.LJ.aHbl B nepeBO.LJ.e: I'ocnoou, nOMWIYU 11 I'ocnoou, npocmu - pa3nH1łHhI no CBOeMy 3Ha1łeHHIO. « . . . KOr.LJ.a qenoBeK CTapaeTCSI nOHSITb CMhICn cny)l(6bI, OH, MO)l(eT 6bITh, BnepBbie, COBepmaeT .LJ.YXOBHYIO pa6oTy. OTKy.LJ.a )l(e Tpe60BaH11e, 1łT06bI IJ;epKOBh runa Ha ycTyn KH 06bIBaTen10? He IJ;epKOBb .LJ.OIT)l(Ha KnaHSIThCSI 06hIBaTenIO, a 06hIBaTenh -IJ;epKBH» (JlHxa 'łeB
1997: 4 1 ).
IlpHBe.LJ.SI yrnep)l(.LJ.eHHe o TOM, 'łTO npH nepeB O.LJ.e 6orocny)l(eHHSI Ha HaQHOHanhHbie Sl3b!Kl1 IJ;epKOBb CTaHeT 6onee .LJ.eMOK pan-J'łHOH, 6onee 6mi3KOH HaQHOHanhHOH KynhType, yqeHhIH yKa3bIBaeT Ha onaCHOCTb Toro, 'łTO IJ;epKOBb CTaHeT npH 3TOM H 6oneeHaQHOHan11-CTH1łHOH, yTpaTHTCSI 06'be.LJ.HHSIIOmasr ponh o6meił MOITHTBhl, o6mero Sl3bIKa MOITHTBhI. E.LJ.HHCTBO Sl3hIKa 6orocny)l(eHHSI o6'be.LJ.HHSIITO npaBocnaBHhIX cn aBSIH, a Teneph «6onrapb1 eme 6onhwe OT.LJ.en11n11ch OT cep6oB. A cep6b1 - OT 6onrap B pe3ynhTaTe nepexo.LJ.a 11x 6orocny)l(eHHSI Ha HaQHOHanhHhre Sl3hIKH [ ... ] l1TaK, QepKOBHOcnaBSIHCKHH Sl3h!K 11rpan H 11rpaeT ceiłqac (XOTSI 11 B Me HbWeH CTeneHH, 'łeM paHbllle) o6'be.LJ.HHSIIOmyIO ponb». (JlHxaqeB
1997: 42) .
OTKa3 OT Sl3hIKa, KOTOpbIH BenHKOnenHO 3HanH H WHpOKO BBO.LJ.HITH B CBOM npOH3Be.LJ.eHHSI JloMOHOCOB, IIywKHH, JlepMOHTOB, TIOT'łeB, ,[(ocTOeBCKMH, JleCKOB , ToncTOH, EyHHH 11 MHOrHe.LJ.pyr11e BenMKHe n11caTen11 CTaHeT HeBOC nonHHMOH yTpaToił B HallleM noH11MaH1111 KYIThTypHoro Hacne.LJ.HSI npomn oro. HaKoHeQ, 06pameH11e K onbITY KaTon11qecK011 QepKBH, OTKa3aBllleiłcsr OT naTHHCKoro Sl3hIKa, noKa3hIBaeT, 'łTO 3TOT onhIT .LJ.aneKO He Bo BCeM OKa3ancsr nonO)l(HTenhHhIM: no CBH.LJ.eTenbCTBY npeno.LJ.aBaTeneił MHOrHX BhlClllHX yqe6Hb!X 3aBe.LJ.eHHH, o6Hapy)l(HBaIOTCSI HeKOTOpbie OTpHQaTenhHbie pe3yn hTaTbl B YPOBHe H QepKOBHOH, 11 CBeTCKOH o6pa30BaHHOCTH. A KpOMe Toro, TaK nM none3HO MexaHM'łeCKH nepeHHMaTh qeił-TO OilbIT? BhIBO.LJ. O.LJ.H03-Ha1łeH: «IJ;epKOBHOcnaBSIHCKHH S13h!K - noCTOSIHHhIH HCTO'łHHK .LJ.ITSI nOHMM aHHSI pyccKoro Sl3hIKa. CoxpatteHHSI ero cnoBapHoro Janaca. O6ocTpeHHoro nOCTH)l(eHMSI 3MOQHOHanhHOro 3By1łaHHSI pyccKoro cnoBa. 3TO Sl3h!K 6naro PO.LJ.HOH KynhTyphI: B HeM HeT rpS13HhIX cnoB, Ha HeM Henh3SI rOBOpHTb B rp y6oM TOHe, 6paHHTbCSI. 3To Sl3hIK, KOTOpbIH npe.LJ.nonaraeT onpe.LJ.eneHHhlH ypoBeHb HpaBCTBeHHOH KYIThTYPhI. IJ;epKOBHOCnaBSIHCKHH Sl3hIK, TaKHM o6pa30M, HMeeT 3Ha1łeH11e He TOIThKO .LJ.ITSI noHHMaHHSI pyccKOH .LJ.YXOBHOH
385
25 - Stylistyka ...Stylistyka XIV
KYTihTYPhI, HO H 60TiblllOe o6pa30BaTenhHOe H BOCTTHTaTeTibHOe 3Ha'ieHHe. OTKa3 OT ynoTpe6neHH51 ero B �epKBH, H3y'ieHH51 B IllKOTie npHBe)].eT K .n.anhHeiłllleMy na)].eHHIO KYTihTyphl B PocCHH» (J111xaqeB
1997: 45).
B nocTnepeCTpOe'iHhie rO)].hl, Kor.n.a CHTyau,1151 B PoccHH KOpeHHhIM o6pa30M H3MeHHnach, petih CBHI.IJ,eHHOCTIY)l(HTeneił MO)l(HO ycnbIIllaTh H no pa.n.Ho, H no TeneBH)].eHHIO, H BO BpeMH o6pH.n.a OCBHIU,eHHH pa3TIH'iHhIX yqpe)l()].eHHH (IllKOTI, 60TihHHU, ' O(pHCOB H T.,ll..). 3Ta petieBaH )].eHTeTihHOCTh ocyI.IJ,eCTBnHeTCH He Ha u,epKOBHOcnaBHHCKOM 513hIKe, a Ha COBpeMeHHOM pyCCKOM HHTepaTypHOM 513hIKe, HO npH 3TOM HMeeT MeCTO ero oco6aH cpyHKU,HOHaTibHaH pa3HOBH)].HOCTb, T.e. oco6bIH cpyHKU,HOHanbHhIH CTHnh; Mhl Ha3bIBaeM ero 11epKOBHO-pe11u2U03HblM. OH TOTihKO Ha'-!HHaeT H3y'iaThC51 B CTHTIHCTHKe, no3TOMY HeT eI.IJ,e ero nonHoro onHCaHHH H )].a)l(e HCnOTih3YIOTC51 MH ero o6o3Ha'ieHHH pa3nH'iHhie TepMHHhJ . TaK, Jl.TT. KphICHH, O.D.HHM 113 nepBhIX B pycHCTHKe o6paTHBillHHC51 K ero H3y'ieHHIO (Kpb!CHH
1 996),
Ha3bIBaeT ero pe11U2U03HO -nponoeeOHU'-łeCKUM . TepMHH 1,jepKOBHO pe11U2U03HblU Ka)l(eTCH HaM 6onee npe.n.nO'iTHTeTihHhIM, T.K. OH yKa3bIBaeTO)].HOBpeMeHHO H Ha ccpepy 061.IJ,eCTBeHHOH .n.eHTeTibHOCTH, B KOTOpOH OH cpyHKU,HOHHpyeT, H Ha penHrH03HYIO cpopMy 061.IJ,eCTBeHHOro C03HaHH51, H Ha u,epKOBHhIX .n.eHTeneJ.:i KaK aBTOpOB COOTBeTCTBYIOI.IJ,HX pe'-IeBbIX npo H3Be)].eHHH, B KOTOpb!X OH BonnoI.IJ,aeTCH, HO B TO )l(e BpeMH He orpaHH'iH BaeT ero peanH3au,HIO nHillb )l(aHpoM npon oBe.n.11. Ero )l(aHpoBoe BOnnoI.IJ,eHHe MHOroo6pa3HO: 3TO H xpaMOBQR nponoeeob , H CIIOBO (B pa3TIH'iHh!X ero BH)].ax: HanyTCTBeHHOe CTIOBO, Ha.n.rpo6Hoe CTIOBO 11 .n.p.), H nocnaHHe, H HHTepBblO, )].aHHOe CBHI.IJ,eHHOCTIY)l(HTeneM Tene)l(ypHanHCTY H .n.p. TaKHM o6pa30M, ccpepa u,epKOBHO-penHrH03HOH 061.IJ,eCTBeHHOH .n.eHTenbHOCTH paCillHpHeT CBOH rpaHHU,hl H OKa3bIBaeTCH ccpepoił .ll.BYH3hl'iH51 (6HTIHHrBH3Ma). 3THM TepMHHOM, KaK H3BeCTHO, Ha3bIBaeTC51 ynoTpe6neHHe B npe.n.enax onpe.n.eneHHOH COQHaTibHOH 061.IJ,HOCTH .ll.BYX 513h!KOB, Ka)l()].h!H 113 KOTOphIX BbI6HpaeTC51 B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT oco6eHHOCTeił, ycnOBHH KOMMYHH KaU,HH (3orpacp
1 990: 303).
KaK Mhl BH)].HM, HMeHHO pa3TIH'iHhie ycnoBHH KOMMYHHKaU,HH B ccpepe u,epKOBH O-penHrH03HOH 061.IJ,eCTBeHHOH .n.eHTenhHOCTH )].HKTYIOT MH CBHI.IJ,eHHOCTIY)l(HTeneił nepexo.n. OT u,epKOBHO cnaBHHCKOro 513h!Ka Ha u,epKOBHO-penHrH03HhlH CTHTib COBpeMeHHOro pyccKoro n11TepaTypHoro H3hIKa.3TOT cpyHKU,HOHannhHh!H CTHTih o6na.n.aeT CBOeH cneu,HcpHKOH KaK B nrraHe co.n.ep)l(aHHH, TaK H B nnaHe Bbipa)l(eHHH. B nnatte co.n.ep)l(aHHH 3TO Bcer.n.a TeKCThl, CBH3aHHhJe C Ba)l(Hh!MH )].TIH 061.IJ,eCTBa co6bITH51MH (3,ll.eCb eCTh
Cumyal,fWl 6UJ1w-12eu3Ma e crpepe LfepKoe1-to-penu2uo31-tou .. . OJJbrA A.KPb!JlOBA
onpe.n;erreHHOe CXO}];CTBO C ra3eTHO-ny6mu„v1cn1ąecKl1M CTl1JieM, HO Jil1lllb BHelllHee, o ąeM Hl1)Ke), HO 3TO 11Jil1 C06bITl1Sł, Ba)l(Hble C TOąK11 3peHl1Sł npaBocrraBHOH perr11r1111 (perr11r1103Hbie npa3,n;H11K11, BO3Bpall\eH11e uepKOB HhIX CBSITb!Hb 11 T.n.), 11Jil1 )Ke OCBel.J..\eH11e co6bITl1H CBeTCKOH )KJ"3Hl1 B CBSl311 C ,n;eSITeJibHOCTblO U:epKBl1, B CBSl311 C co6bITl1SłMl1 113 6116rreHCKOH l1CTOpm1; nponaraH,n;11pyeTCSł TTO311Tl1BHaSI porrb npaBOCJiaBHOH perr11r1111 11 U:epKBl1 B )1(113Hl1 06 1.J..\eCTB a . KO M M YHl1KaTl1BHOe B03,n;eHCTBl1e Ha npaBneHO Ha t o p M 11poBaH11e y a.n;pec aTa MoparrbHO-HpaBCTBeHHhlX KOHQCTTTOB B COOTBeTCTBl111 C 3anOBe]];SIMl1 Xp11CTl1aHCKOH pen11r1111. Co3}J.aCTCSł o6pa3 aemopa KaK nocpe}J.H11Ka Me)K.ll.Y 1(epKOBhJO HaMeCTHl1QeH Eora Ha 3eMne -11 Ml1pS1HaM-11, naCTBOH. 3TOT nocpe}J.Hl1K TO OKa3bIBaeTCSł HacTaBHl1KOM CBOl1X crrylllaTerreił 11Jil1 ą11TaTerreił, TO 06'be}J.11HSłeT ce6si C Hl1Ml1, BbICTynasi KaK O.Il.HO 113 «ąa,n; MaTep11-1(epKB11»; :no ]];OCT11raeTCSł C TTOMOU\bIO Mbl 11HKJII0311BHOro; Hanp11Mep:
BHOBb Mbl npHWJIH K cnaCHTeJibHblM )lHllM BeJIHKOro noCTa; nocT .uaH HaM ,uruI Toro, '-IT06b! Mbl Y'-IHJIHCb lKHTb ylKe He Haweił lKH3HbJO, HO lKH3HblO coaepweHHO DOlKeCTBeHHOH; He 6y.ueM TllrOTHTbCll Tpy.UHOCTHIO noCTa: Bee lKe no CT He TO, 'lTO Pacnl!THe Ha KpecTe. KTO He CTpa.uaeT BMeCTe C l111cycoM, TOT He 3HaeT l111cyca; KTO YKJIOHl!eTCll OT nocTa, TOT 3a6bIB aeT o KpeCTe. (C11oeo naTp11apxa AneKCHll Il B TTpomettoe aocKpecettbe I 7 q>eapam1 1991 r.)
C11cTeMa Sł3b!KOBbIX cpe,n;cTB uepKOBHO-perr11r11O3HOfO CTl1JISI BKJIIOąaeT rreKc11ąecK11e e}J.11HHQhI c ąeTbipbMSI Bw,n;aMw łYHKQHOHaJihHO-cT11rreBoił OKpacK11:
1)
HeHTparrbHYJO, Me)KCT11rreBy10 rreKCl1KY (eo3epaL4ambcJ1., e ooMe, coJZHLfe, J1Ce1-tL4U1-ta, n030HO, 2060pUmb, iJenamb, U, mo2iJa, ece, iJpy2ue, omee•Wmb);2)
06ll\eKHl1)1(HyIO (AwcmuKa, eocnpw1mue, mpaou4uu, ucKOHHM ponb, 6b1mue,eecbMa, npuiJep:>1CueambcJ1. u1-tbzx Mupoeo33pe1-tuu, mpaou4uu, u1-tmenneK
myanb1-toe, 1-tpaecmee1-t1-toe, 001-taKo);
3)
uepKOBHo-penwr11O3Hy10 (noiJeu:>1C1-tuKu, mponapb, Ko1-toaK, CeRmo20 /f,yxa2nac, nHmuoeCRm1-tu4a, Ilacxa, 3anoeeob, neC1-tone1-tue, Eo20poouLfa, nocmpu2,
npumtJa, KpecmHoe ycUJ1ue, I'ocnoob-Bceoep:>1Cumeflb, tJyoomeopRU(,UU, CeJl.
mumenu, :JICeHb!-MUpOHOCU!,fbl, MUpRHe, UHOKU u UHOKUHU, npecmOJlblib!U
npa30HUK);
4)
rreKc11Ky c ra3eTHo-ny6rr11u11cT11ąecKoił łYHKQHOHaJibHO-CTwrreB o ił OKpacKoił (6oeeuKu, crpepa 06pa30ea1-tuJ1., cyeepe1-t1-1 b1e 2ocyoapcmea,npeooone1-tue mpyo1-tocmeu, npo6neMa 6e:>1Ce1-t4ee, KOHKpemHM 3aiJa1Ja, cyob6b1
PYCCK020 1-tapooa, nonumutJeCKUU 21-tem, npouoeHHble nymu). KaK Bl1}J.HO J,f3
387
--Stylistyka XIV
:noro nepe1rnS1, HH pa3roBopttaS1, HH pa3roBoptto-npocTope'-IttaS1, HH
)l(aprottttal!, HH, TeM 6onee 6pattttal! JleKCHKa 3AeCb HeB03M0)l(tta: 3TH neKCH 'ieCKHe nnaCTbl nOJlHOCTblO HCKnIO'i3IOTCSI 113 CHCTeMbl neKCH'ieCKHX cpeACTB QepKOBHO-pe1111rH03HOro CTHJISI U:ep K O B H O -pen11 rH03 H3SI neKCHKa TeMaTH'ieCKH O'ieHb MHoroo6pa3tta: 3TO pa3JlH'iHbie H0MHHaQHH Bora, Ha3B3HHSI JlHQ A)'XOBHOro 3B3HHSI, reorpaq>H'ieCKHe Ha3BaHHSI, CBSl3aHHbie C 6116neHCKOH HCTOpHeH, C QepKOBHOH )l(H3Hbl0, H33B3HHSI pen11rH03HblX np a3AHHK OB, QepK OBHO-pe1111r1103 HbIX y '-Ipe)l(AeHHH, 6orOCJl OB CKaSI TepM11ttonornS1 (I'ocnodb Eo2, Jf ucyc Xpucmoc, Xpucmoc Poóuewuuca,
Eo20MJ1adeHeLf., Cnacumellb Mupa, Cbm EóuHopooHbZU, I'ocnodb Bceoep
:JICumellb; enapxU51., Cnaco-Ilpeo6pa::>1ceHcKuu BQJlaC1JwoecKuu M0Hacmblpb,
CeRmM 3e.MMI, I'QJlUJleR, Bu(jJJleeM, CeamM I'opa A(jJoH; ece'-lecmHble u1-10Ku, OnmuHcKue cmapLf.bl, apxuepeu, Mumponollum, uepoMoHax, MupaHe, KllupuKu;
npuwecmeue, mauHcmeo, IloKMHue, cnaceHue, M0UfU, BelluKuii Ilocm, Ilacxa, Po:>1Cóecmeo Xpucmoeo).
•
OcttOBHaSI 3M0QHOHaJibH0-3KCnpecc11BHaS1 OKpacKa JleKCH'-!eCKHX eAHHHL\, BXOASII..I.\HX B CHCTeMy QepKOBHO-pe1111r1103HOrO CTHJlll, - apxa11'ieCKH B03BbillleHHaSI, TOp)l(eCTBettttaSI (6ecnpuMepHaR npedaHHOCmb, óapoeamb, y3pemb, 8038eJlul/umb eou1-1oe, u6o, 'lepnamb eooxHoeeHue, He3eMH0e eellu'lue, nopa3umellbH0e 3pelluu,e; Ha nonpuu,e óyxoeH020 noóeuza).
HeManoe MeCTO B neKCH'ieCKOH CHCTeMe CTHJlll np11ttaAJ1e)KJ1T apxau3MQM ('lada, 1-1eóy2y10u,ue, e ceM, Hbme, Hayl./ambcR, epa'-ly10u,y, eonpowa10m, HeJleH0CmH0, Hapel./eHHblU, óo6poóemellb
),
B TOM '-IHCJie ceMaHTH'ieCKHM:H al./QJlbHUK
(
o Eore KaK tta 'lane Bcero cyl.I.\ero ); 6Ra2oeepHbzu(
o KHSl3e, BepttoM6naroMy Aeny); cnuC0K (KOOHSI HKOHbI); H080e Jlemo (HOBbIH roA); cy2y6bze M0JlUmBbl (KOrAa nocne Ka)l(AOro necttoneHHSI TPH)l(Abl nOBT0pS!eTCSI BOCKJ111Qatt11e I'ocnoóu, noMUJlyu!); 2pao 6b1Jz 'lyóecHo cnaceH (cnacett 'iYAOM); oyxOBHQR 6paHb (AYXOBH3SI 6opb6a).
J,fa cneQHq>H'ieCKHX AJlll CTHJlll cnoco6oB CJlOB006pa30BaHHSI OTMeTHM cy6cTaHTHBaQHIO 11 OCH0BOCJIO)l(ett11e; MHOr11e H3 CJlQ)l(HbIX CJIOB SIBJlSIIOTCSI KaJlbKaMH C rpeqecKoro ('iepe3 L\epKOBHOCJ13Bl!HCKHH): ncaJlM0neBeLf, 602oy20ÓHblU, eellUK0Myl./eHUK, 6Jla2oeecmue, 6Jla2oóamHblU, eemxo3aeemHblii,
doMocmpo umell bcmeo, UH0CJla81-1 b1e, MH02ompydHb1e, 6pamoJllo 6ue,
l/eJl08eKOHe6pe:>1CeHue; npHMepbl cy6CTaHTHBaTOB: 60JlbHble, M0Hatuecm
ey10u,ue, HeMOUfHble, y602ue, cupble, 20JlodHble, CJlenopo:>1CdeHHblU.
XapaKTepH3Yll CHCTeMy rpaMMaTHąecKHX cpeACTB QepKOBHO-pe1111r110-3HOro CTHJISI, 0TMe'-!aeM: a) HaJlH'-!He cneL\Hq>HlfeCKHX MOpcponorH'ieCKHX
Cumya4UR 6UJ1u11.2eU3Ma e c</Jepe 14epKoe11.o-peJ1u2uo311.ou ...
OJibrA A.KPb!JIOBA
cpopM, 6) Harrwme onpe.n.erreHHbIX Cl1HTaKCH'łeCKl1X KOHCTPYKLI;11H, a TaK)Ke B) 3HatJJ1MOe OTCYTCTBl1e TaKOBbIX.
Cneu;11cp11ąecK11e rpaMMaT11ąecK11e cpe.n.cTBa, KOTOph1e xapaKTep113y10T Cl1CTeMy CTl1JHI, «pa6oTaJOT» Ha C03,lI.8Hl1e KHH)KHOM OKpaCKH TeKCTOB, Bbl,ll,ep)KaHHhlX B 3TOM CTHJie, Ha yc1-rneH11e 3KCnpeCCl1BHOCTl1 peą11, Ha C03)],aH11e apxa11ąeCKl1-TOp)KeCTBeHHOH ee OKpaCKl1. B ąaCTHOCTl1, KHJ1)1( H O C T b CTl1JISI C03 ,D.aeTCSI 38 CtJeT IIH! p O K O M ynoTpe611TeJibHO CTH po,n11TeJibHoro np11cy6cTaHTl1BHoro (Remo 6J1a2ocmu I'ocnoo11.eu, cJ1oea Mupa u mo6eu, MH0:>1<:ecmeo enapxuu, tJyecmeo MUJlocepoUR, yJbl RpMa, nonpuUfe
oyxoe11.020 nooeu2a, cyema :>1<:umeucKux none1.Je1-1uu, nopo2 ee1.J11.ocmu). Apx
a113au;1111 pe'-111 crry)KaT, KpOMe y)Ke ynoMl1H8Blll11XCSI BbIIIIe rreKCl1tJeCKl1X apx a113MOB, TaK)Ke a) Mopcporror11ąecK11e apxa113MhI , 6) ycTapBeBIIIee ynpaBJieH11e 11 B) HHBepCHSI B CJIOBOCO'-!eTaHHSIX C corrracoBaHl1eM ; HanpHMep: a) pO:>ICOut.UUCfl, U32JIQ:>ICOeH.a 6yoem, oapyu MU, H.Q JeMJIU, omtJe; 6) oo6pble
oeJ1a om uac 11.uKmo 11.e ommruem, paooeQJluCb o uac, eo36y:>1eoa,omCR K moMy,
Mbl 11.e omoaeM ce6e omtJema o eetJHOu Kpacome, eo3mo6J1e11.11.b1e o I'ocnooe, Kmo 11.e co6J1aJ11.umcR 060 ,,me; e) mR:>1<:ecmb 2pexoe11.aR, L{epKOBb 1-1e6ec11.aR, xpa11.umb eepy ome1.JecKy10, e Ko11.14e 200a 2pROyU{e20.
Co3,D.8HHe 3KCnpeCCl1BHOro 3 QHpeKTa CBSl38HO C 11CTTOJih30BaHl1eM np11rra raTeJibHblX co 3HatJeHl1eM npeBOCXO.lI.HOH CTeneHl1, PSl.lI.OB 0)],HOPO.lI.HhIX 'iJieHOB npe)],JIO)KeHl1SI, TaKl1X CTl1Jil1CTl1'ieCKl1X cp11ryp peą11, KaK ac11H,D.eTOH, TTOBTOpbi C aHacpopoM, pHTOpH'-!eCKl1e BOTTpOCbl 11 .n.p.; Hanp11 Mep:
H.QU'-leCmH.eUut.Ue, 6JIQ20CJIOBeHH.e Uut.UU, paOOCmHeUut.UU, BQ:>ICHeUUlUU, npeU36pa1-111.aR, npecJ1ae1-1oe; CeRmumeJlb 3J1amoycm HaJbleaem Po:>1<:oecmeo Xpucmoeo «ea:>1<:11.euut.UM npa30HUKOM» u «H.a'-lQJIOM ecex npa3iJ1-1uKoe», u6o e 3moM npa301-1uKe UMe1om oc11.oea1-1ue u Eo20ReJ1e11.ue, u
n
acxa, u BoJ1-1ece11.ue I'ocnOOHe, U [lflmuoeCRmH.Utf,Q; ... Mbl, yoep:>ICUBQflCb om 3JIQ U 2Heea, :>ICUBfl 8 6pamomo6uu, OapyeM ce6R 1-/Qut.UM 6JIU:>łCH.UM; EyoeM eepHbl 3mOMY nymu, 6yoeM eepHbl 3mOu CJIQBe, 6yOeM eepHbl 3mou CUJ/e; COeJIQJIU JIU Mbl K020Q-JIU60 nepebzu waz, 1.Jmo6b1 eep11.ymb K :>1euJ11.u mo20, Kmo oyxoeHo, 1.JeJ1oee1.JecKu Mepme?!Ba)KHO TTO)],'iepKHYTh, 'łTO OT,D.eJibHble 113 Ha3BaHHblX Sl3bIKOBblX cpe,nCTB BCTpetJaIOTCSI 11 B .n.pyr11x CTl1JISIX: Hanp11Mep, pSl,lI.bl O,lI.HOpO,lI.HblX '-IJieHOB npe.nrro)KeHHSI COCTaBJISIIOT xapaKTepHyIO oco6eHHOCTb Cl1HTaKCl1Ca ocp11-u;11aJibHO-,neJIOBbIX TeKCTOB, O,D.HaKo B ocp111.1,11aJibHO-,D.eJIOBOM CTHJie 3Tl1 Cl1HTaKCl1'ieCK11e cpe,D.CTBa BXO.lI.SIT B Cl1CTeMy C .n.pyr11M11 MOpcporror11-'ieCKl1Ml1, Cl1HT8KCl1tJeCKl1Ml1 11 rreKCl1tJeCKl1Ml1 cpe,D.CTB8Ml1, a rrraBHOe, OHl1
Stylistyka XIV
BhinOJIHHIOT TaM 1rny10 q:>yHKQ11IO, 06ecne"l11BaH 11cqepnbIBaIOlll,ee nepe q11cneH11e onpe.n,erreHHbIX q:>aKTOB, TTOJIO)l(eHl1H, T.e. cny)l(aT cpe.n,CTBOM .ll,OCTl1)1(eHl1 5! M a K C l1 M aJib H O H
mo<rnocmu
113JIO)l(eHl1 5! , TO"I H O CT l1 , He .n,onycKaIOlll,eH KaK11x-n1160 11HOTOJIKOBaHHH.B
uepKOBHO-peJrnrl103HOM CTl1Jie 3Ta Cl1HTaKCl1"1eCKa5! KOHCTPYKU115! B Cl1CTeMe C .n,pyr11M11 5!3blKOBblMl1 cpe.n,cTBaM11 cny)l(11T uen11 ycUJZemm 3Kcnpeccuu.CTl1JIHCTH"leCKl1 3Ha"l11MbIM HBJIHeTCH OTCYTCTBHe CJIO)l(HbIX npe.n,JIO)KeHl1H ycJIO)l(HeHHOro T11na, "ITO 06b5ICH5IeTC5! CTpeMJieH11eM aBTOpOB TeKCTOB c.n,erraTb pe%, o6palll,eHHYIO K MaCCOBOMY a.n,pecaTy, 6onee TTOHHTHOH 11 nerl!e yCBal1BaeMOH. TaK , B .n,ec5ITl1 npoaHaJIH311pOBaHHbIX PO)l(.D,eCTBeHCKHX H TiacxaJibHbIX nocnaHl15IX pycCKl1X CB5Illl,eHHOCJIY)l(l1Teneif BbICllJero uepKOB Horo caHa TaK11e npe.n,no)l(em,rn HaM He BCTpeT11n11cb.
TaKHM o6pa30M, aHaJIH3 TeKCTOB, B KOTOpbIX BOTTJIOlll,aeTCH uepKOBHO pen11r1103HbIH CTl1Jlb COBpeMeHHOro pyccKoro Jil1TepaTypHoro 5!3bIKa , TT03BOJI5IeT rOBOp11Tb O Cl1CTeMHOH opraHl13aQl1H 5!3bIKOBbIX cpe.D,CTB Bcex y p O B H e if ; 3Ta Cl1CTeMa 0 6 cny)l(11 BaeT 0 6 lll,eH 11e Me)l(.n,y CB5Illl,eHHO CJIY)Kl1TeJIHMl1 11 MaCCOBOH ay.n,11Top11eif 11 xapaKTep113yeTCH OTHOCl1TeJibHOH 3 a M K H YTOCTblO , TT O CKOJihKY eif qy)l(.ll,bl C H l1)1(eH Hbl e , p a 3 r O B O p H O npOCTope"IHble 11 Hen11TepaTypHbie 5!3bIKOBhie cpe.n,cTBa; rrpeo6na.n,aIOlll,aH q:>yHKU110HaJibHO-CTl1JieBaH OKpacKa 5!3blKOBbIX cpe.n,cTB, BXO.ll,5Illl,11X B 3TY Cl1CTeMy, - KHl1)KHaH, a npeo6na.n,aIOlll,a5! 3MOQ110HaJibHO- 3KCnpeCCl1BHa5! 11X OKpacKa - apxa111IeCKl1-B03BbIWeHHaH, TOp)l(eCTBeHHaH. 3Tl1 l!epTbl uepKOBHO-pen11r1103HOro q:>yHKU110HaJibHOro CTl1JI51 o6b5ICH51IOTC5!, C O.D,HOH CTOpOHbl, KOMMYHl1KaTl1BHblMl1 3a.D,a"laM11, - HanpaBJieHHOCTblO 3TOro CTl1JI5! Ha nponaraH.n,y TT0311Tl1BHOH pon11 U:epKBl1 11 pen11r1111 B )1(113Hl1 o6lll,eCTBa , Ha TTOJl0)1(11TeJibHOe HpaBCTBeHHOe B03.D,eHCTBl1e Ha ay.n,11Top1110, a C .n,pyroif CTOpO Hbl , HeC0 M H eH H bI M BJil1 5I Hl1 e M uepKOBH0CJiaB HHCKOr0 5I 3 bI K a . O"1eBl1.ll,HO, l!TO :na cneu11q:>11Ka CTl1Jl5! Hl1KaK H e IT03B0JI5IeT Cl!l1TaTb ero «nO.D,CTl1JieM» 11Jil1 «pa3H0Bl1.ll,HOCThIO» ra3eTH0- ny6n11Ql1CTl1"1eCKOro CTl1JI5! .
TaKl1M o6pa30M , CHTyau11H, CJI0)1(11Bllla5IC5! B Pocc1111 B cq:iepe uepKOBHO pen11rl103HOH o6lll,eCTBeHHOH .n,eHTeJihHOCTl1 K HaCT05II.I�eMy BpeMeHJ-I, - '.lTO Cl1TyaQl15! 611Jil1HrBl13Ma: Ka)l(.D,0e 113 .ll.BYX 5!3bIKOBb!X cpe.n,CTB - uepKOBHO crraBHHCKl1H 5!3blK 11 uepK0BHO-pen11r110H3b!H CTl1Jlb C0BpeMeHHoro pyccKoro Jil1TepaTypHoro 5!3bIKa - 11CITOJih3yeTC5! B CBOl1X cneu11q:>11l!eCKl1X ycrrOBl15IX 06lll,eH11H: nepBb!H - B 6orocny)l(eHl111, BTOpOH - np11 o6palll,eHl111 CB5Illl,eH HOCJIY)l(l1Terreif K lll11p OKOW ay.n,11Top1111 11Jil1 B xpaMe, HO BHe pI1Tyarra 6orocny)l(eH11H, 11n11 3a npe.n,erraM11 xpaMa.
CumyatfWl 6u.nuH2BU3Ma B crjJepe tfepKOBHo-penu2uoJHou ...
OJlbfA A.KPblflOBA
