t
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relations existing between father and child, characterized by mutual lia-bility for debts, on anatocismos, on correal responsilia-bility of surety and debtor, on execution of executional documents. № 63 (257 B.C.) on arra; № 85 (244-243 B.C.) on loans with interest and on colonia partiaria; № 68 (258 B.C.) on oath used in letters; № 74 (248 B.C.) on the term or' ούτοφωρωι (see SB. 7374 = Osi. II 21 and B G U . 372 I I cf. Tauben-schlag. Law 347 note 1 4 4 ) . — № 75 ( 2 4 8 / 6 B.C.) shows that the employees of Zenon's organization were differentiated into four groups, distinguished partially at least, by the length of contractual service for which they were hired.—The supplementary royal decree in № 120 (229 or 228 B.C.) on collection of a two percent-dorea on income from properties, gives new information on the composition of the Greek family and on άποσκΐυη (cf. Taubenschlag, Law 132 note 5 ) . It may be mentioned that № 60 (no date) contains a list of books, mentioning an unknown "collection" by Kallisthenes.
P A P Y R I O F T H E P T O L E M A I C , ROMAMI A N D B Y Z A N T I N E P E R I O D S
A. B A T A I L L E , O . G U É R A U D , P. J O U G U E T , N . L E W I S , H . M A R R O U , J . S C H E R E R , W . G . W A D D E L L , Les Papyrus Fouad № 1-89 Le Caire 1939.
T h e publication, a collective work, performed by English, American and French scholars, contains 89 papyri. № 1-5 are literary texts, № 6-8 horoscops, № 8-25 official documents, № 26-33 petitions, № 33-6C deeds and contracts, № 60-61 concern taxation or liturgies, № 71-75 are lists, № 76-89 are private letters.
T h e first of the official documents ( № 8 first cent. A . D . ) , refers to manifestations in honor of Vespasian. It is known that the prefect Tiberius Alexander ordered the army and the people of Alexandria, on July 1, 69 to swear allegiance to Vespasian {Tac. Hist. I I 74-79; Josephus, Bellum Jud. IV, 616-618). It is probable that the papyrus refers to this event and deals with an occasional discourse, a monologue, or even a dialogue made in Alexandria or at another place on this occasion. № 9 (first cent. A . D . ) is a copy of an edict of the prefect Postumus (cf. Reinmuth, The prefect of Egypt 132ff.), № 10 (about 120 A . D . ) an edict of T . Haterius Nepos on the discipline in the temples (cf. Guéraud, Mélanges Desrous-seaux 199/200, Wilcken, Arch. f . Pap. X I I I (1938), p. 145/6). № 21
(63 A . D . ) is a report on proceedings before the prefect concerning the civitas of the veteráni (cf. Yale Inv. 1528, see B. Welles, J.R.S. X X V I I I (1938), p. 41ff.; L. Wenger, Sav. Z. L I X (1939), p. 384; Arch f . Pap.
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X I I I (1939), p. 262; A. Segré, J.R.S. X X X (1940), p. 153ff.; Wester-mann, CI. Phil. X X X V I (1941), p. 21ff.) № 24 (about 144 A.D.) is a report on judicial proceedings before the archidicastes, № 25 (2nd cent. A . D . ) a report on a law-suit. № 22 (125 A.D.) is a vadimonium under oath given by a defendant to the strategos to appear in court of the άρχώικαστης and remain there till the end of the trial (cf. similar vadimonia quoted in Taubenschlag Law 381 note 2 0 ) . № 16 (2nd cent. B.C.) is a report to the strategos from an ibis-feeder of the Sarapeum of Oxyrhynchus (on ibis cult in Sarapeia cf. Wilcken, UPZ. I, p. 4 2 ) . № 17 (140/1 A.D.) a report by the superintendents of the pasture to the strategos that they have taken in no revenue between the first and the fifth of the month. These reports of income which the έπιτηρηταί rendered regularly at five-days intervals, were made out in duplicate, one copy being addressed tó the strate-gos, the other to the βφλιοφΰλακν; δημοσίων λόγων. № 18-19 (53 A . D . ) are obligations taken under oath by vptaßvTtpoi δημοσίων ушруш to prevent the inoundation of δρυμοί. № 20 (4th cent. A.D.) probably a similar obligation under oath of a future liturgy. N ° 15 (119 A.D.) is a census declaration, N° 11, 12, 13, 14 were beforehand published by Bataille in Etud. d. papyr. IV, 197-205 in an article entitled "Un nouveau dieu à Bacchias."
Among the petitions № 26 (157-159 A . D . ) , a petition directed to the prefect Marcus Sempronius Liberalis is the most remarkable (cf. Tauben-schlag, Law 260 note 10). T h e quotation of the number 233 in 1. 8 is a very notable feature in this document. A parallel may perhaps be found in the fragmentary extracts from υπομνηματισμοί, B G U . 1085 (170/171 A . D . ) , see Preisigke, Ber-liste I, p. 95. But the lacunae leave the exact meaning uncertain. T h e number would refer to a certain κόλλημα but more prob-ably it is the distinguishing number assigned to the applicant and his case. T h e petition concerns a loan where the interest has come to exceed the principal by practically half as much again (cf. Taubenschlag, Law 2 6 0 ) . Also the officer: ό im των κεκριμένων is 1. 8 mentioned (cf. Taubenschlag, Law 401 note 3 ) . № 27, 28, 29, 30, 32 are petitions to the strategos.
As far as deeds are concerned, № 34 (70-79 A . D . ) is an agreement to dissolve a συγγραφη-τροφίτις-ΓΜττϊ^ΐ and is to date unique. T h e papyrus shows that a marriage accompanied by a συγγραφή τροφίτις was a form of marriage not looser than any other marriage. And this implication is strengthened by the fact that, as far the text is preserved, the formulae parallel closely those of other deeds of divorce. № 35 (1st cent. A . D . ) is a donatio mortis causa, N° 38 (1st cent. B.C.) contributes to better understanding of μιτιπι~/ραφή on cleruchic lands. № 35 (48 A.D.) and 36 ( 167 A.D.) are procurations. № 37 (48 A.D.) is a locatio-conductio of
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X I I I ( 1 9 3 9 ) , p. 262; A . Segré, J.R.S. X X X (1940), p. 153ff.; Wester-mann, CI. Phil. X X X V I (1941), p. 21ff.) № 24 (about 144 A . D . ) is a report on judicial proceedings before the archidicastes, № 25 (2nd cent. A . D . ) a report on a law-suit. № 22 (125 A . D . ) is a vadimonium under oath given by a defendant to the strategos to appear in court of the άρχιδικασττ)* and remain there till the end of the trial (cf. similar vadirnonia quoted in Taubenschlag Law 381 note 2 0 ) . № 16 (2nd cent. B.C.) is a report to the strategos from an ibis-feeder of the Sarapeum of Oxyrhynchus (on ibis cult in Sarapeia cf. Wilcken, UPZ. I, p. 4 2 ) . № 17 (140/1 A . D . ) a report by the superintendents of the pasture to the strategos that they have taken in no revenue between the first and the fifth of the month. These reports of income which the ίπιτηρηταί rendered regularly at five-days intervals, were made out in duplicate, one copy being addressed to the strate-gos, the other to the βιβλιοφνλακν; δημοσίων λόγων. № 18-19 (53 A . D . ) are obligations taken under oath by irptaßvrepoi δημοσίων yeupyûiv to prevent the inoundation of δρνμοί. № 20 (4th cent. A . D . ) probably a similar obligation under oath of a future liturgy. № 15 (119 A . D . ) is a census declaration, № 11, 12, 13, 14 were beforehand published by Bataille in Etud. d. papyr. IV, 197-205 in an article entitled "Un nouveau dieu à Bacchtas."
Among the petitions № 26 (157-159 A . D . ) , a petition directed to the prefect Marcus Sempronius Liberalis is the most remarkable (cf. Tauben-schlag, Law 260 note 10). The quotation of the number 233 in 1. 8 is a very notable feature in this document. A parallel may perhaps be found in the fragmentary extracts from υπομνηματισμοί, B G U . 1085 (170/171 A . D . ) , see Preisigke, Ber-liste I, p. 95. But the lacunae leave the exact meaning uncertain. The number would refer to a certain κόλλημα but more prob-ably it is the distinguishing number assigned to the applicant and his case. The petition concerns a loan where the interest has come to exceed the principal by practically half as much again (cf. Taubenschlag, Law 260). Also the officer: ό ίπϊ των κικριμίνων is 1. 8 mentioned (cf. Taubenschlag, Law 401 note 3 ) . № 27, 28, 29, 30, 32 are petitions to the strategos.
As far as deeds are concerned, № 34 (70-79 A . D . ) is an agreement to dissolve a σνγ·/ραφη~τροφΐτι<;-π\9.ττ'ια%ε and is to date unique. The papyrus shows that a marriage accompanied by a συγγραφή τροφίτκ was a form of marriage not looser than any other marriage. And this implication is strengthened by the fact that, as far the text is preserved, the formulae parallel closely those of other deeds of divorce. № 35 (1st cent. A . D . ) is a donatio mortis causa, № 38 (1st cent. B.C.) contributes to better understanding of μιτιπιγραφή on cleruchic lands. № 35 (48 A . D . ) and 36 (167 A . D . ) are procurations. № 37 (48 A . D . ) is a locatio-coaductio of
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a free person and her service. № 40 ( 3 5 A . D . ) and № 43 ( 1 9 0 / 1 A . D . ) are leases, № 42 ( 1 3 8 / 6 1 A . D . ) is an assignment of an obligation, similar in its phrases to SB. 4414. № 4 5 ( 1 5 3 A . D . ) is a Latin loan. № 4 6 ( 2 3 / 2 2 B . C . ) is probably a fictitious sale (cf. Taubenschlag, Law 321 note 1), № 4 4 ( 4 4 A . D . ) a loan with άντίχρησκ combined with hypothec. № 47, 48, 50, 51 are Greek loans. № 49 ( 9 9 A . D . ) is a loan w i t h άντίχρησις, probably for default of payment of the loan. In № 52 ( 3 r d cent. A . D . ) àproKOTreîov is mentioned. T h i s may be a public bakery entrusted by the Senate of the /«τρόπολ« to a certain Aphynchis with the provision to secure its normal function. In this document Aphynchis borrows t « συνωνην
[ιτυροΰ] money which he needs for the fabrication of bread (on the problem of bread in Egypt cf. Jouguet, La vie municipale 326 and Oxy.
1454 i n t r o d . ) . № 53, 55, 56, 57, 58 are receipts. № 59 ( 7 5 / 6 A . D . ) is an extract of a census register. Like a similar contract B G U . 56, 6-9 = W . Chr. 220 this extract from the register of personal descriptions of the eighth year of Vespasian was doubtless appended to another document to substantiate a statement or claim therein.
№ 60-63 are certificates for work on the embankments. № 64 is a receipt for part of the expenses on an ίπιτηρησκ, № 65 a customs receipt, № 66 a tax-receipt, № 69 an excerpt of a tax-register concerning the conveyance of property.
A m o n g the letters, № 86-89, those of Byzantine monks to the superior of the monastery Mtravoías, may be mentioned.
G . A. P E T R O P U L O S , Papyri Societatis Archeologicae Atheniensis, (Ώ,ραγματύαι τψ Ακαδημίας Αθηνών) vol. I Athens, 1939.
T h e collection contains 66 papyri. № 1-13, 59 and 60 come from the Ptolemaic, № 14-58, 60-68 from the Roman and Byzantine periods.
№ 1 (257 B.C.) derives from Zenon's archive and illustrates Zenon's jurisdiction. Remarkable are the w o r d s : καλώς άν oiv ποιήσαιι άφίΐς αΰτον t" τι μη μίγα ήΐδικφτα']. № 7 (first cent. B.C.) is ah enteuxis, only partly preserved, to the χρηματισταί. № 8 ( 3 / 2 n d cent. B.C.) is a complaint for the violation of the right of asylum. O n this delict cf. T a u b e n -schlag, Straf recht im R. d. Pap. 52ff.
№ 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19 are leases. № 14 ( 2 2 A . D . ) provides prohi-bition of μιταμίσθωσι·! (cf. Taubenschlag, Law 274 note 3 7 ) . № 20 (111 A . D . ) concerns a locatio-conductio with a nurse with regard to a child, p'cked up from rubbish and regarded to be a slave. № 21 ( 1 3 2 A . D . ) is a δάναον secured by means of νπάλλαγμα in which the /3f/?cuW«-clause is in-serted. № 23 ( 8 2 A . D . ) and 24 ( 2 8 3 A . D . ) are sales on delivery; in addition № 23 contains αλληλεγγύη with correality-clause and πράξις
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while in № 24 αλληλεγγύη with πpô&ç without correality-clause is t o be found. N ° 27 ( 1 5 0 A . D . ) is a sale of an animal among Romans using Greek forms with βφαίωσis-clause. № 28 ( 8 6 A . D . ) is a παραθήκη in which ό των τταραθηκων νόμος is mentioned. N ° 29 (121 A . D . ) is a receipt containing the promise: μη ίγκαλύν. № 30 ( 1 7 8 / 1 7 9 A . D . ) is a marriage-contract in which the wife gets security of her dowry on her husband's property in the form of ϋπάλλαγμα. № 31 ( 5 , ' 6 t h cent. A . D . ) is a f r a g -ment of a Greek will a f t e r Theodoeius. № 33 ( 1 / 2 cent. A . D . ) is an application for πληγαί. № 34 ( 3 / 4 t h cent. A . D . ) is a report of a public physician·. № 37 ( 1 3 8 / 1 6 1 A . D . ) concerns sale of public property. In № 38 occurs the term βαστάξειν, in a complaint of theft. № 46 (2nd cent. A . D . ) shows that the slaves did not necessarily reside with their owners. № 62 ( l / 2 n d cent. A . D . ) is a letter written by a son to his father, demanding to be present when his mother makes her testament.
G . M A N T E U F F E L , Les papyrus et les ostraca grecs. C h . I I I de T e l l E d f o u I I L e Caire, 1939.
T h e editor publishes ostraca f r o m the Ptolemaic, Roman and Byzantine periods and three papyri: № 5, 6 of the Ptolemaic and № 7 of the Byzan-tine period. T h e most interesting papyrus, N ° 6, concerns, as it seems, the cleruchs f r o m E d f u .
A . C . J O H N S O N - S . P . G O O D R I C H , Papyri in the Princeton University Collections, vol. I l l , Princeton, Princeton University Press, 1942. W i t h the present volume the work of editing the collections of papyri in the Princeton Library is completed. I t was performed by the editors with the help of M r . Bruce M e t z g e r , w h o edited № 113 and 159 and with the assistance of Professors Kase and Youtie.
T h i s volume contains classical texts № 108-115, official documents 116-140, private documents № 141-170 and descriptions № 171-191.
№ 116, 117, 118, 119, 120, 139, 184 are petitions. Among them № 119 (early 4th cent.) is remarkable because of the demand of the plaintiff that an estate be surrendered as a reward for delations as its proprietor never paid taxes. T h e defendant denied that the l a w allowed any such reward and asked that the plaintiff be impeached for calumnia (cf. how-ever C . H . Roberts, J.E.A. X X I X , 8 0 f f . ) . T h e document contributes also to our knowledge of the survey and declaration of land. T h e survey was attested by two surveyors, three juratores, the a d j u t a n t of the decaproti, and the hierqdictes (cf. Boak, Etud. de pap. I I I , 26ff.). № 118 (2nd cent. A . D . ) is a Roman vindicatio. № 121 (140 A . D . ) is an oath of surety of someone w h o is nominating the sitologos for the village of Theadelphia, for his appearance and performance of his duty (cf. B G U . 5 8 1 ) . № 122
