Widok Современная русская публицистика и языковая игра

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Stylistyka XIV

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-Stylistyka XIV

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Stylistyka XIV

HanpHMep: Jl 1./eJloeeK He cocm011mellbHblll, a cocmoaeutu1ica. ("Ko Mc. npaB,n:a"

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CneQ11anbHOro BHHM8HHSI 3acny)l(1,rnaeT cpopMa

5U1,

xapaKTepttasr npe)l(.n:e Bcero ,wrn ra3eTbl nocne,n:HHX neT, - TaK Ha3.

ąumaąua.

3To 11cnonh30BaH11e (06b1qHo 6e3 KaBbI'łeK) TO'łHbIX HTil1 TpaHccpopM11pOBaHHbIX cpparMeHTOB H3 .n:pyn1x TeKCTOB - 'ł8lQe Bcero xy,n:O)l(eCTBeHHblX, pe)l(e - ny6n11Ql1CTl1'łeCKHX. Hanp11Mep: KoMy Ha Pycu nemb xopowo ("OroHeK"

1 2/2004);

BumR3b e ompaeJleHHOU wKype ("Apr. 11 cpaKTbI" 23/2003); YHeceHHbze 2punoM ("MocK. KOMCOMo neQ"

340/200 I ).

Bee 6onbwee pacnpocTpattett11e nony qaJOT cpparMeHTbl 113 neceH, Kl1HO<pHTibMOB, a TaK)l(e 113 no3yHrOB, xapaKTepHblX .n:n.si coBeTcKoro BpeMeHH 11 T.A ttarrp 11Mep: BoK3QJ/ O.llfl mpoux ("HoBbie 113BeCTHSI" 6/2000); «I'a3npoM» cJle3aM He eepum ("Pocrnsr cero,n:H.si" 49/1 997); XomRm llupycCKue mo6eu ("OrotteK" 39/ 1 995);/(ollllap - Hawpylleeou ("Apr. H cpaKTbl" 38/1998)

HoBbIMl1 .n:n.si pyccKOH ra3eTbl, HO Bee 6onee aKTHBHbIMl1 B Ka'łeCTBe U.HT8T CTa H O B.s!TC.s! rronyn.sip Hbie Bbipa)KeHH.s! 113 peKnaM Hb! X 06b .sIBil e H 11 H :

HanpHMep: Ko2oa MOllt/um MY:J1C1./uHa - 3mo 03Hał.laem ece20 llUUlb, ł.lmo eMy

Helle20 CKQ3Qmb.

A

K020Q MOllllUm :J1CeHU1UHQ - 3mO 03Hał.laem, 1./mO OHQ o6uoeJlacb. llo,.,,yecmeyii.me 3my pa:mmzy ! ("Cnyrn11K-H0Bocrn"

30/2002) -

B TIT 11cnonh3yeTc.si no nyn.sipHbIH cnoraH 113 TeneBH3110HHOH peKnaMbI KOCMeTJ.i'łeCKl1X npo,n:yKTOB. 3Ta cpopMa 5111 , KaK no,n:qepK11B8IOT MHOr11e aBTOpbl, - .sipKa.sI oco6eHHOCTb Me,n;11a-TeKCTa caMblX nocne,n:Hl1X neT. OHa OTpa)KaeT Ba)l(Hble npoQeCCbl B pa3BHTHH IlC H .s!3blK8 B006lQe. I..J;11TaTa B HOBOM KOHTeKCTe MO)l(eT YCHilHBaTb, no,n:qepK11BaTb ero CTHTil1CTH'łeCKOe 3By'łam1e HJIH, Hao6opoT, o6na.n:a.si KOHTp8CTHOH OKpaCKOH, np11,n:aBaTb eMy HpOHH'łeCKOe, WYTilHB0e 3By'łaHHe. B 3T0M MO)KHO y6e,n:HTbC.s! He TOilbK 0 H3 npHBe,n:eHHbIX Bblllle np11MepoB, HO TaK)l(e 113 cne,n:yIOIQ11X: C,wea HQ Yllutf,QX

M

ocKebz 20llOlleo. Onamb y MOCKBUł.leu HallQJ/UCb xo:JJcoeHU5/, no MYKaM: noc­

K0llb311YllCJl,

yna.n,

0'IIIYllCR - zunc. ("MocK. KOCOMOileQ"

269/2001 ) -

q>pa­ rMeHT 113 KHHOKOMeAJ,rn EpullllUQHmOBQR pyKa 11CIT0ilb3yeTC.s! C pac'łeT0M Ha Y3HaBaH11e, Ha acCOQ118Tl1BH0e 'łHTaTenbCKOe B0CnpH.s!THe, .n:n.si C03JJ:8HH.s! 11pomrn (Ha 6a3e «cepbe3Horo» KOHTeKcTa).

512

Coe_peMeHHa.R pyccKa.R ny6nutfucmuKa ...

.fll1Jl.il HA UOHEBA

Elll.e Slp'-le 11p0Hl11..JeCK0e, napO,Ul1HHOe 3By1..Jatt11e B ny6Jil1l.(11CTH1..JeCKOM K0HTeK CTe CTepe0Tl1nHbIX Bbipa)KeHl1H C0BeTCK0ro BpeMemr C npe­ yBeJitttłeHH0 n0JIO)Kl1TeJibHblM 3By1..JaH11eM, K0T0pbie paHbllle l.(11T11p0BaJIHCb «c pen11rno3HbIM npeKJI0HeHHeM» (B11,ueHOB

1997: 1 45).

Hanp11Mep: Pa3-6e2a.J1cfl 11apoouutKO npu Hea11e, pa36e2aJ1cfl npu Ilempe. Ee3n10oenu tfeJlblU eon­

ocmu. Ho monbK0 Ko.MJJtynucmu'lecKaa napmua, eooxnoBumeJlb u opz­ anU3amop ecex nawux no6eo, npeceKrra 3T0T 6ap,n:aK. ("OrotteK"

5/2000).

CymHOCTb l.(11Tal.(1111 KaK npo�rnJieHl1SI 11rpb1 T0'-IH0 Bbipa)l(eHa

r.

5.l. Con­ raHHK0M: «IJ;11TaTHble )l(e BKpanrreHHSI (6e3 KaBbl'-leK) ueHHbl KaK pa3 nep­ B0pO,UCTB0M, HOBH3HOH ynoTpe6JieHHSI (B HH0M CJI0BeCH0M OKpy)l(eHHH). Y3HaBaHHe CTapb!X CJI0B B He0)l(H,UaHH0M K0HTeKCTe ,uaeT 6e3yCJIOBHblH 3CT­ eTtttłeCKl1H 3cpcpeKT, B0-nepBbIX, 6naro.n:apS1 3JieMeHTY Hrpb!: B0JibH0 HJIH HeB-0JibH0 Mbl nbJTaeMCSI Y3HaTb, BCn0MHHTb 3HaK0Mble CJI0Ba, conocTaBJISłSI HX C K0HTeKCT0M. B He0)l(H,UaHH0M n0SIBJieHlm H3BeCTHblX CJI0B B H0B0M ,llJISł HHX K0HTeKCTe, BO B3al1MO,UeHCTBHH 11X C K0HTeKCT0M H 3aKJil01..JaeTCSł 3M0L(H0H­ aJibHaSI, Bbipa311TeJibHa51 CHJia onHCbIBaeMoro npHeMa» (ConraHHK

200 1 :

330).

H3BeCTHbie, nonynSlpHbie 0TpblBKl1 113 ,upyr11x TeKCT0B, K0T0pbie BX0,USIT B onpe,ueneHHbIH KYJibTYPHhlH cj>oH,u o6pa3oBaHHoro YHTaTerrsi , Yame Bcero HC0OJib3YIOTCSI B TpaHccj>opMHpOBaHHOM BH,n:e. CaMbIH pacnpocrpaHeHHblH THn TpaHccj>opMal.(1111 - 3aMeHa K0Mn0HeHT0B 11CX0,UH0ro TeKCTa H0BblMl1 , aKTyaJibHblMH M S! H0B0r0 TeKCTa. HanpHMep: Eo2ambze moJ/Ce npfl'-lym

(MocK. K0MC0Morreu

279/200 1);

Eo2ambze mo:;1ce nnam.nm ()K. "Hmm"

43/2004)-

cp. Ha3BaH11e nonyrrsrpttoro Tenecep11ana Eozambze moJ1Ce nna'-lym; Ilymeutecmeue MocKBbZ e Ilemep6yp2 ("CnyTHl1K-HOBOCTH"

4/2002);

Hautecmeue U3 Ilemep6ypw e MocKey (r. "3KpaH 11 )l(l13Hb"

15/2002)

-3arnaBHe npo113Be,n:eHHSI

A.

H. Pa.n:HmeBa Ilymewecmeue U3 Ilemep6yp2a e

MocKey. Hepewo l.(11TaTbl pacw11psrIOTCH .uonoJIHHTeJibHblMl1 CJI0B8MH, B TO BpeMSI KaK yce'-leHHe 11CX 0,UHblX l.(11TaT BCTpeąaeTCSI pe)l(e, Hanp11 Mep: Oco6e1111ocmu HatfU0HaJlbH0U oxombz 3a 20nocaMu ("JlHT. ra3eTa"

1 5/1 996);

/{J1Ce11mnbMe11bz cjJanbutueou yoa'-lu ("OrotteK"

2 1/ 1 995);

Y'-lumecb ena­

cmeoeamb ... ("Hmm"

9/2003)

11 T.,n:. (Ilo.n.po6ttee 06 3T0M CM. I..I;otteBa

2000,

2002).

Bo Bcex CJiy'-laSIX, TpaHccj>opMHpysr l.(11TaTy' aBT0p paCC'-111TbJBaeT Ha ee Y3HaBaH11e, Ha ee 3CTeTH'-leCKHH noTeHL(l1aJI B TeKCTe-11CT0'-IHl1Ke 11 Ha ee 3cp<peKT B H0B0M TeKCTe. HMeHHO n03T0MY TpattccpopMHpOBaHHble l.(11TaTbl HaMHoro Bb1pa311TeJibHee. Ila MHeHHIO B.IO. HopMaHa, uerrb TaK11x L(HTaT

5 1 3

Stylistyka XIV

« . . . C0'-leTaTb K0MMYHl1KaTl1BHbJe 11 3CTeT11'-1eCK11e <PYHKJ..1,1111, 0Hl1 C00TH0CHT K0HKpeTHblH pe'-leBOH aKT C KYJJbTYPH0-JIY!TepaTypHblM 6ara)I(OM 11 3CTe­ Tl1'-leCKl1M 0TTblT0M '-111TaTeJJH.» (HopMaH 1994: 95).

Ba)I(HOH np11MeT011 TIT nocrre,rornx rreT HBJJHeTcH 11 aKT11B113a1..1,11H TaK tta3. rpa4>uqec1eux urp - pa3JJl1'-IHbIX crryqaeB 11cnoJJb30BaH11H cpe,11.cTB napa­ rpacpeM11K11, '-lall\e Bcero - BbJ,!1.eJJeHl1H .u.pyr11M lllp11Q)TOM CJJ0B 11JJl1 '-laCTeH CJJ0B. B np11tt1..1,11ne TaKoe Bbl)J.eJJeH11e rnp11Q)TOM M0)I(H0 C'-111TaTb HeH3b!K0BblM cpe,11.CTB0M 3KCnpeCCl1BH0CTl1, KaK 11 HpK11e Bb1pa311TeJJbHbJe Q)OTOrpacp1m, p11cyHKl1 11 T.n., xapaKTepHble )J.JIH COBpeMeHHOH ra3eTbl. AKTl1B113aJJ,11JO 3Tl1X HeBep6aJJbHb!X cpe,11.CTB cero,11.HH M0)I(H0 o6bHCHl1Tb npaKTl1'-leCKl1 HeorpaH11'-1eHHbl M l1 B03 M 0)I(H0CTH Ml1 C0BpeM eHHblX Tl1norpaq>CKl1X 11 K0MnbJOTepHbJX Texttonor1111, a TaK)I(e 11 KOHKypett1..1,11e11 3JJeKTp0HHbIX CMH 11 npe)I(,11.e Bcero TeJJeBl1,!1.eHl1H, r,11.e H3blK0BbJe 11 HeH3blK0Bble cpe,11.CTBa 3KCnpeCCl1BH0ro M0,!1.eJrnpoBaHl1H co,11.ep)I(aHl1H CB060)J.HO C0'-leTaJOTCH.

KaK 11 B peKJJaMH0M TeKCTe, rpacp11'-leCKl1e CTl1JJl1CTl1'-1eCKl1e cpe,11.CTBa, np11BJJeKaH BHl1MaH11e a,11.pecaTa, y'-laCTBYlOT B opratt113a1..1,1111 ceMaHTl1'-leCKOH CTPYKTYPbI TeKCTa, 06ecne'-l11BaH ero 3Kcnpecc11BH0CTb. MHoro411crreHHbI np11Mepbl, B K0T0pb!X rpacp11'-leCKl1 BbI,11.eJJHeTCH TaKaH '-!aCTb CJJ0Ba, K0T0paH C0Bna.uaeT C Ba)l(HhIM CJJ0B0M 113 caMoro TeKcTa. ąa1.1..1,e BCero TaKoe npo11cxo,11.11T B 3arrraBl111 TIT, r,11.e BhI,11.eJJeHHaH ,11.pyr11M lllp11Q)TOM '-!aCTh CJI0Ba He np0CT0 11 He T0JJbK0 np11BrreKaeT BHl1MaH11e - nocpe,11.CTB0M CMeHhl lllp11q>Ta 113 CJJ0Ba 113BJJeKaeTCH ,11.onOJJHl1TeJJbHhIH, a6COJIJOTHO HOBhlH CMhICJI , 11 Mel0ll\11H Ba)I(H0e 3Ha'-!eH11e B caM0M TeKCTe. HanpHMep:

Hcnbzmanue na llPO'ł1-tocmb

("MocK. KOMCOMorre1..1," 16/2002) - B TeKcTe roBopHTCH o Ba)I(HhIX AJJH Poccm1 11 ClllA ,11.oroBopax no TIPO (npo­ nrnopaKernoi-ł o6opoHe);

Poccuu nem cllA CEnUR ("Cero,11.HH" 1 5/2000) - B

TeKCTe roB0pHTCH o TOM, '-!TO PoCCHH CTaJIKHBaeTCH C 60Jibllll1MH npo6rre MaMH B CoBeTe EBponhI, nocK0JJbKY opratt113a1..1,11H TIACE He .uonycT11na yqa­ CTHH pOCCHHCKOH .uerrera1..1,1111;

MATepUQJ/bHblU cmUMyll (HTOrn 39/2004) - B

TeKCTe r0B0p11TCH O CHCTeMe lllTpaqioBaHHH 3a He1..1,eH3ypHhie CJJ0Ba (T. e. 3a Mam) B yqpe)I(,1I.eH11Hx r. Eerrropo.ua.

Tio-.upyroMy nocrpoetto crre.uy101.1..1,ee 3arnaB11e:

SyMaSwecmeue (Apr. 11

cpaKTbl" 1 /2005) - B TeKCTe roBOpHTCH o noBaJJbHOM YBJie'-leHHH COBpeMeHHOH Morro.ue)I(H 0611\aTbCH np11 noM01.1..1,11 SMS-coo61.1..1,eH11i1. HoBoe cnoBo M0)KH0 onpe,11.errHTb KaK «r116p11,11.» Me)I(,11.y cnoBaMH cy.MacmecmBue 11 CJJOBOM

SMS,

He06bI'-IHOCTb H Bbipa3HTeJJbHOCTb KOTOporo CBH3aHa 11 C rpaq>H'-leCKHM Bbl,11.eJJeHHeM naTHHCKHX 6yKB B pyccKOM CJIOBe.

CoepeMemta.Jl pyccKM ny6nu1-1ucmuKa ...

fll1JUI HA UOHEBA M c K JIIO '-llł T eJi b H O HHTepeCHbl nplł M ep bl 3 ar na B lł H , B KO TOpbI X rpaq>H'-leCKHMH cpe,n;CTB aMH KaK 6 bi «no,n;cKa3bIBaIOT», KaK C03,L{aHO OKKa3HOHaJibHOe CJIOBO H 0,L{HOBpeMeHHO HanpaBJI51IOT BHHMaHHe Ha co,n;ep)l(am-,e TeKcTa. HanpHMep: IllYMJfwecmeue npooon:J1Caemca ("MocK. KOMCOMOJiel\"

335/200 l

)-B TeKCTe rOBOp11TC51 o HOBbIX no6e,n;ax rOHI.I.(lłKa

M.

lliyMaxepa; OKKa3HOHaJihHOe CJIOBO C03,L{aHO np11 TTOMOll.(H :meMeHTa

illyMu

(npo3Bmr�a IllyMaxepa, nonym1pHoro cpe,n;H 6oneJihll.(HKOB 11 B cnopnmHott npecce), rpacp111-1eCKOe BbI,L{eJieH11e KOToporo yc11JIHBaeT Bbipa311TeJibHOCTb HOBOro CJIOBa H 3arnaBl151.

K

TeM cpopMaM

5II1,

KOTOpbie MO)l(HO C'-IHT8Tb Tpa,n;HJ .. \HOHHblMH, MO)l(HO ornecT11 01rn:a3uouaJibHh1e CJIOBa (OC). OC co3,n;aroTCH aBTopoM TIT no cyll.(eCTBYIOil.(HM B 513hIKe Mo,n;em1M. Ba)l(HOe 0Tn111-1He OC OT «HopMaJihHhIX», KaHOHH'-leCKHX CJIOB - HX 3aBHCHMOCTb OT KOHTeKCTa; BHe KOHTeKCTa, 1130JIHpOBaHHO, OHH He MOryT cyll.(eCTBOBaTb. HanpHMep: KaK 8 ncuXOJI02UU ecmb omoenbHbte ompacnu UtU3o{jJpeHono2uu, 3nunenmono2uu u opy2ue, maK u B nonumonowu, no-euoUMoMy, cKopo noReumca oco6b1u pa3oen -

6ywecjJpenua.

(Apr. ),f cpaKTbl

52/2003);

HepeMbHOCmb 30eUtHeu :JICU3HU BeCbMa n0Mo2aem (npoeepe1to MH02UMu) npuumu B ce6R: 01teu nRmb

nuoepllanoomepanuu-

u eawu «6amapeuKu» pa6oma10m Ha emo. ()I(. "3nHTHOe o6pa30BaH11e"

6/2003)

M H o r o 1-1 H c n e H H hi e O C , H C n OJi h 3 y e M bi e B 3 a r n a B 11 11 TI T , «pacurncppOBbIBaIOTC51» o6bi'-IHO Ha 6a3e umpoKoro KOHTeKCTa. Hanp11Mep:

CoeceM OJ1bcmepee1tenu ("KoMMepcaHTb"

1 9/2000) -

3arnaBHe TeKCTa o KpoBaBhIX TepaKTaX

MPA

B OnbcTepe. l1Hor,n;a aBTOp TIT cnel\11aJibHO <<ToJIKyeT» 3Ha1-1eHHe 11 cnoco6 co3,n;aH11H OC. HanpHMep:

TeampapuyM

-c.Mecb meampa u meppapuyMa. CnoeetJ.KO, u306peme1t1toe

« M

ocKOBCKUM KOMCOMOllbl-leM», KaK Hellb3Jl llYI/.W.e nooxooum K :JICaOHOU monne, cmORUfeU y HecyU{eCmBy10U{e20 p0CCUUCK020 mpo1ta. ("PocCH51"

5/1 997).

I1H.L{HB11.L{yaJibHOe, Hey3yanbHOe, OKKa3110HaJihHOe CJIOB006pa30BaH11e -OMH H3 Ba)l(HeHlllHX npOl\eCCOB, npoTeKaIOil.(HX B COBpeMeHHOM pyccKOM .s!3hIKe - np051BJI.s!eTC.s! B nepByIO 01-1epe,n;b Ha CTpaHHl\aX ra3eT. KaK no,n;1-1epK11BaeT B.

r.

KocTOMapoB, aKTl1BHOCTb OKKa3110HaJibHOro CJIOBO­ o6pa30BaHl151 B TIC MO)l(HO 060.s!CHHTb nonyn.sipHbIM cerO,L{H.s! CTpeMJieHHeM K 113o6peTaTeJibCTBY' K TTOHCKY «HeBH,L{aHHOro» B .s!3b!Ke (KOCTOMapOB

1994:

34).

B a)l( H a.si oco6eHH OCTb OKK83HOHaJibHOro CJIOB 0 0 6 p a3 0 B 8 H H 51 B COBpeMeHHOM TIT - pacrn11peH11e Kpyra np0113B0,L{.s!ll.(HX OCHOB: K npo­ AYKT11BHb!M Ił paHbllle TTOJIHTl1'-leCKHM 11 3KOHOMl1'-leCKHM TepM11H a M ,

Stylistyka XIV

JUftłHhlM HMeHaM 11 reorpaqmąeCKHM Ha3Bamrn:M ,n:o6aBJUIIOTCH a66pe­ BMa Typhl , p a3rOBOpH bie, npoCTop e'IHhie, )l(aprOHHhle CJI O B a M T.JJ:. HanpHMep: Y2ono81-tb1u KOOeKc nonon1-tumcR cmambeii «Ko6eJlU3At» (cpoK om mpex oo nRmu). ("Apr. 11 cpaKThI"

1 996/1 O);

H K enacmu 1-te iJon:>1CHbt npuxooumb npecmyn1-tuKu. JfHa'ie iJeMoKpamWI npeepaUf,aemrn e eopoKpamuw. ("Apr. 11 cpaKThI"

1 5/1998);

Il e1-tcuo1-tepbl npomue «o6AtaHU3al{UU» ("Apr. H cpaKTbI"

3/2005). lfa

3THX 11 MHOrO'IHCJieHHhlX ,n:pyrnx npHMepoB B Haweił KapTOTeKe BHAHO, lJTO 3KCnpecCHBHhlH 3cpcpeKT OC CBH3aH H C KOHTPaCTOM B caMOH 11 X CTPYKType - KOHTpacToM Me)K,n:y ocHOBOH (pa3roBopHoił, npocTopeąHoił, )l(aproHHOH) H KHH)l(HblM cycpcpHKCOM.

K OKKa3110HaJihHhlM H3hlKOBhIM eAHHHQaM OTHOCHTCH 11 OKKa3HOHaJibUble CJIOBOCO'leTaHHH - B Hl1X npaBHJia «HOpMaJihHOH», y3yaJ1hHOH COlJeTaeMOCTH HapywaIOTCH, CHHTaKTHlJeCKHe 11/Jm11 ceMaHTHlJeCKHe orpaHH'łeHHSI npH 11X co3,n:aH11 11 11rHop11py10Tcsi. Ilo MHeHHIO

E. IO.

HopMaHa, B n a MH TH roBOpHl.l\ero xpaHl1TCSI THTTOBaSI, 061.l\aH, anpo611poBaHHaS1 11 qacTOTHaH coąeTaeMOCTh CJIOB, H HMeHHO Ha 3TOM cpoHe B03HHKaIOT OKKa3HOHaJibHhie CJIOBOCOlJeTaHl1SI. OHH Tpe6yIOT OT H3hlKOBOH JIH'IHOCTH onpe,n:eneHHhlX peąeTBopqecKHX ycHJIHH 11 np0113BOAHT cneQHaJihHblH 3cpcpeKT n p H BOcnp11S!THH TeKCTa. (HopMaH

1 994: 89)

KaK 11 BO MHOr11x ,n:pyr11x cnyąasix, 3Ta HrpoBaH cpopMa 11CTTOJlh3yeTCH B 3arnaBHl1 ITT - ero «3ara,n:oąHOCTh» CHl1MaeTCSI B KOHTeKCTe. TaKHMl1 6eccnopHO HBJISIIOTCH CJIOBOCO'-leTaHHH B CJie,n:yIOl.l\HX npHMepax: KeaKałOUf-UU 6U31-tec (CnyTHMK-HoBOCTM

10/2002) -

3arrraB11e TeKcTa o npe,n:np11siT1111 no npo,n:a)l(e nHryweK; Ilpa301-tuK e KJ1emKy (Cnyrn11K-HoBocT11

29/2002)

-3arrraB11e TeKCTa o npa3,n:H11Ke moTJiaH,n:cKoił KYJihTYPhI B M ocKBe.

B

npHBe,n:eHHhlX Bhlllle npHMepax MO)l(HO roBOp11Th o HapyllleHl111 npaBMJI JieKCl1KO-CeMaHTM'-!eCKOH COlJeTaeMOCTH CJIOB, T.e. cnoco6HOCTl1 11J111 Hecnoco6HOCTM CJIOB 06beAHHSIThCSI no rreKCHlJeCKOMY 3HaąeHl1IO. K CJiy'łaHM HapyweHl1H Cl1HTaKCl1'-!eCKOH C0lJeTaeMOCTl1 MO)KHO OTHeCTl1 pacll111peH11e CMHTaKCl1lJeCKOro noTeHQHarra CJIOB. Hanp11Mep: Bo limo pmoembCR? (Apr. 11 cpaKThI

38/1 996); ...

n106oeb npoUIJla. Ho ee Ob He caMa :>!Ce npoU1J1a, a npolUllu ee, npo2J1R.iJeJlu e cyeme. ()I(. "CoQHYM"

3/1992);

Jly1JU1e caMoMy yumu, tteM me611

yuoym.

("Hmm"

47/2002)

OTMeT11M, 'łTO pa3rpaHM'łeHHe CHHTaKCl1'łeCKOH 11 rreKCl1KO-CeMaH­ TM'łeCKOH C0'łeTaeMOCTH 'łall\e BCero ycrrOBHO, TTOCKOJihKY rreKCHKO­ ceMaHTH'-IeCKaH CO'łeTaeMOCTh 3aBl1Cl1T OT CaMoro Cl1HTaKCl1'łeCKoro KOH­ TeKCTa. Bo MHOr11x crryqasix MO)KHO rOBOpHTh He TOJibKO O pacll111peHHH

CoepeMe1-m051. pyccKM ny6nut{ucmuKa . . .

JIHJU! HA UOHEBA T8KCl1'łeCKoro noTeHQ11aJia CJIOB (B ,n:aHHhIX Hl1)Ke np11Mepax 3TO Hape'łl1H, KOTOpbie np11HHTO C'łl1T8Th np11rnarOJihHhlMl1 CJIOBaM11), HO 11 O HapyrneHl111 JieKCl1KO-CeMaHTl1'łeCKOH COBMeCTl1MOCTJ,f CJIOB. HanpHMep: B mo6ou, Oa:J/Ce emopocmeneHJ-wu panu, e meHu mpaout(UOHHblX Kpacaet{ee, OH ece paeHo 2epou - «zepou ucnoomuutKa». (Apr. 11 cpaKThl

40/1996); IlpOTHB KpH3HCa C HaJl­

OZa.MU nanepeeec ("Poe. ra3eTa"

1 19/1998).

CaMhIM HpK11 M npOHBJieHl1eM OKKa3HOHaJihH O H , HeCTaH,n:apTH O H CO'łeTaeMOCTl1 HBJIHeTCH OKCIO.lltOpOH

(0.).

Co3,n:att11e

O.

11MeeT 6eccnopHO 11rpoByIO np11po,n:y - ero C03,D;aIOT, CTpeMHCh op11r11HaJihHO, TO'łHO, 3KO­ HOMHO Bhipa3HTh CJIO)KHYIO H npOTHBOpe'-IHBYIO CYW.HOCTh Bew.ei1. Ila MHett1110 6onrapcKoro cp 11nococpa

11.

Ilac11 , 3TO co'łeTatt11e tt eco­ 'łeTa10w.erocH O,D;l1HaKOBO peaJihHO 11 HepeaJihH O , ,n:eHCTBl1TeJihHO 11 He,n:eHCTBHTeJihHO, BepOHTHO H HeBepOHTHO , H TaKHM MO)KeT 6hITh TOJihKO 11rpa (Ilac11

1972: 1 63 ).

K Knacc11qecK11M

O.,

co3,n:aHHhIM no Mo,n:en11 Cyw.ecTBl1TeJihHOe + Ilp11naraTeJihHOe, MO)KHO OTHeCTH cne,n:y10w.11e: Bom maK HeO:JICUOGHHO U 3aMKHYllCR MOU OUM02 C mpeMR KflGCCUKGMU - Ha UMeHU eenuK020 mpazu11ecKozo KO,ltUKa, :JICU3Hemo6t{a u :>1ce11omo6t{a lf. lf annuHa

(Apr. 11 cpaKThl

52/2000);

HuUf,UU MWlJlUapoep ("Apr. 11 cpaKThI"

25/1998).

B

IlT HcnoJih3YIOTCH H

O., co3,n:aHHh1e no ,n:pyrHM Mo,n:eJIHM. HanpHMep:

0KcaHa MbzcuHa - aKmpuca, Komop051. naoaem eeepx ("Apr. 11 cpaKThI"

1 0/1996);

Kapbepa - 3mo naoeuue eeepx ("Cero,n:HH"

1 50/2000). B O.

HeT MOpq>OJIOr!,flłeCKHX cpe,n:CTB npOTHBOnOCTaBJieHHH, 11 n03TOMY npOTl1BO­ pe'łl1BOCTh KOMnoHeHTOB Heno,n:rOTOBJieHHa, Henpe,n:cKa3yeMa, a TaK11e Henpe,n:cKa3yeMbie 3JieMeHThl o6bI'łHO HMeIOT HpK11H CTHJil1CTl1'łeCKl1H 3cpcpeKT. KaK H BO MHOrHX ,n:pyrHX cnyąaHX, 3Ha'łeHHe J,f CTHJil1CTH'łeCKl1H 3cpcpeKT OKKa3110HaJihHOH e,n:11Hl1Qhl pacKpbIBaeTCH B CJIO)l(Hh!X B3al1MO­ OTHOllleHl1HX C pa3Jil1'łHhIMl1 BHeTeKCTOBhlM11 3HaHl1HMl1. Hanp11Mep: AHmOH lfexoe - :ncenambtu xoflOC11UlK ()!(. "KapaBaH 11cTopHH"

6/2004) -

3arnaB11e TeKcTa o ttey,n:a'łHOM 6paKe A. Il. ąexoBa c

O.

Ktt11nnep.

B Ka'łeCTBe 0606w.eHl1H CKa3aHHOro 06 OKKa3110HaJihHOH CO'łeTaeMOCTl1 npHBe,n:eM cnoBa

B.

r.

KocToMapoBa: «Ccpepa tta116onee aKTHBHhIX no,D;B11-)KeK B COBpeMeHHOM H3h!Ke - CO'łeTaeMOCTh CJIOB. HoBbie HOpMhl 11 3aKOHOMepHOCTl1 CKJia,D;bIBaIOTCH 11MeHHO B CO'łeTaeMOCTl1, B HeH J,f qepe3 Hee H,n:eT .D:BH)KeHHe nep11cpepHHHhIX HBJieHHH K QeHTpy.

B

pycne o6w.eH HaCTpOeHHOCTl1 Ha KaJiaM6yp 11 napa,D;OKC pacKaJibIBaIOTCH npHBhl'łHhie CO'łeTaHHH H C03,D;aIOTCH «HeB03MO)l(Hhie» (KOCTOMapoB 1 994: 1 96).

Stylistyka XIV

AHanH3 pa3ITH'IHhIX cpopM 51H B ITT no3BonsieT npHHTH K BhIBO.UY, ąTo 06hirpbIBaTb MO)KHO nOl!TH BCe B Sl3bIKe H IlC aKTHBHO nOJib3yeTCSI 3TM M 6oraTCTBOM. 51H B

rrc

npOSIBITSleTCSI Ha Bcex ypoBHSIX Sl3hIKa, xon1 H BO MHOrHX crryqasix OTHeceHHe HeKOTOpbIX cpopM 51H K onpe.ueneHHOMY ypOBHJO AOBOJThHO ycnoBHO.

B . 3 .

CaHHHKOB )];a)Ke BhIAensieT rpynny

HJIO

(HeOn03HaHHhIX JTHHrBMCTHl!eCKHX o6beKTOB ), Ky,ll;a BKJTIOl!aeT TaKHe cpopMbl 51H, KOTOphie TPYAHO KJTaCCHQlHU.HPOBaTb (CaHHHKOB

1999: 39).

Tpy,ll;HO OTHeCTH K onpe.ueneHHOM cpopMe H cnyl!aH nepenneTeHHSI , COl!eTaHHSI HrpOBhlX crpaTerHM B O.UHOM Sl3bIKOBOM e,UHHHU.e. B .uaHHOM HH)Ke npHMepe MO)KHO roBOpHTb O Tpex 11rpOBbIX npHeMax (U.HTal.J.HH, OKKa3HOHaJThHOM cnoBoo6pa3oBaHHH H rpacpHl!eCKOM 11rpe):

IlonA Cambzu

peuc

("MocK. KOMCOMOneu."

340/200 1 ) -

B 3arnaBHH TeKCTa o JieTl!MKax­ HCnbITaTensix (acax) HCnOITb3yeTCSI Ha3BaHHe nonynsipttoro KHHOQlHJTbMa

IlonocamblU peuc

(caMO no ce6e OCHOBaHHOe Ha He06hil!HOM, OKKa3HO­ HaITbHOH COl!eTaeMOCTH CIT OB); KOMnOHeHT HCXO,UHOM l.J.HTaTbl 3aMem1eTC.SI OKKa3HOHaIT bHhl M CITOBOM

nonA CamblU,

B KOTOpOM rpa cp H l!eCK M BbI,ll;eneHHa.SI l!aCTb CITOBa HanpaBn.SleT BHHM8HHe a.upecaTa Ha CO,ll;ep)KaHHe TeKCTa.

Ilpo.srnrreHHe rpex HrpOBbIX cpopM B COBOKYITHOCTH MO)KHO HaHTH H B cne.uy101.l.J.eM npHMepe:

EYllle'-l1we MRco

("Apr. H cpaKTbI"

37/2004) -

B 3arnaBHH TeKCTa 06 aMepHKaHCKHX con.uaTax B HpaKe paCCl!HTbIBaeTCSI Ha 3KCnpeCCHBHOCTb cppa3eonor11l!eCKOH e,UHHHU.bl nywe•moe MJlCO, KOTopa.S! HCTTOITb3yeTC.SI ,UITSI o6o3Ha lleHHSI MHO)KeCTBa con.uaT' o6pel!eHHhIX Ha 6eCCMblCJieHHOe YHHl!TO)KeHHe. HrpoBa.SI TpaHccpopMal.J.H.SI CTaH,uapTHOH cpopMbl <l>E (3aMeHa KOMITOHeHTa OKKa3HOHaITbHbIM CITOBOM) YCHITHBaeT ee 3KCnpeCCHBHOCTb, a naparpacpeMHbie cpe.ucrna (rpacpHl!eCKOe BhI,UeneHHe CITOBa

EYlll)

HanpaBJT.SIIOT BHHMaHHe Ha «OTBeTCTBeHHOrO» 3a rH6eJib con,uaT. Ilo,ll;l!epKHeM, l!TO TaKHX crryqaeB, Kor.u.a pa3ITHl!Hbie HrpOBbie npHeMbl BbICTynaIOT B COBOKynHOCTH, ,UOBOITbHO MHOro H OHH 3acny)KHBalOT cneu.HaITbHOro BHHM8HHSI.

Cneu.HaJTbHOro BHHMaHH.SI 3aCJIY)KHBaeT 11 HarpOMO)K,UeHHe, COl!eTaHHe pa3ITHl!HblX cpopM 51H B paMKax O,UHOro (Hepe,D.Ko He6onblllOro no o6beMy) TeKcrn. Ilo 3TOMY noBOAY C. H. CMeTaHHHa nHJlleT: «Me,uHa-TeKcT, lllITMQlY.SI B03MO)KHOCTH Sl3b!KOBOM Hrpbl, nononHHBJlleM HHBeHTapb Bbipa3HTeJibHhlX npHeMOB ny6nHU.HCTH'-IeCKOro CTHITSI, npo6yeT npHyl!HTb l!HTaTeIT.SI K «norpe6neHHIO» C0061.l.J.eHHSI, npOHH3aHHOro HrpOBblMH 3HaKaMM» (CMe­ TaHHHa

2002: 249).

CoepeMeliHa.R pyccKa.R ny6nu14ucmuKa ...

Jll1Jl.SI HA UOHEBA

Ba)l<HO 0TMeTl1Th, 'fT0 B C0BpeMeHH0M TIT aKTl1BH0 11CTT0Jih3YIOTC51 11 TaKl1e 11Tp0Bhle <pOpMhl, K0T0pbie xapaKTepHhl npe)l(Jl:e BCero ,rouI pa.3r0B0pHoro CTl1J151 (Hanp11Mep pa.31111'-IHhie <poHeT11tfeCKl1e 11 MOp<pOJIOrn'feCKl1e Hrphl). Mttor11e 113 HHX M0)l(H0 onpe)J.emnh KaK He 0l!eHh CJI0)l(Hbie, He3aTeHJ111Bhie, KaK np0.S1BJieH11e

6a.riarypcrBa

( CM. 06 3T0M: 3eMCKa51

1983: 1 75).

Ott11, KaK 11 0CTaJihHhie 3JieMeHThl 113 pa3f0B0pH0f0 CTl1JI51, BTTl1ChIBaIOTC51 B H0BYIO CTpaTer1110 TIC, c6Jil1)1(a51 ero C HeO<pHI.\11aJihHOCThlO, cn0HTaHH0CThlO 11 )J.HaJIOrH'fH0CThlO noBce,n:HeBH0ro o61.l.(eHl151.

B TO )l(e BpeM.SI 3Hatf11TeJihH0e MeCT0 B C0BpeMeHH0M TIT 3aHl1MaIOT 11 Ta K11 e wrp0Bhie <popMhl , K0T0pbie M0)l(H0 OTHeCTH K 0CTP 0 Y M HIO , 0CTPOCJ10B1110, T. e. K TeM crry'fa.SIM, K0f)J.a He06hIKHOBeHHa51 <popMa pe'-111 CB513aHa C 6orree CJI0)l(Hh!M 11 3KCnpeCCl1BHhIM Bh!pa)l(eH11eM co,n:ep)l(aHl151 ( CM. 06 3T0M: 3eMCKa51

1 983:

1 75). K

0CTP0CJI0BHIO CJieJ].yeT 0THeCTH MH0rne KaJiaM6yphI, MeTa<pop11'-1eCKl1e nepeH0Chl, <ppa3eOJIOfl1'feCKl1e TPaHC<pop­ Mau.1111, U.l1Tau.1110 11 T. )].. - T. e. CK0pee Bcero Tl1TTl1'-IH0 ra.3eTHhie <pOpMhl

5H1.

Ott11, Hap51AY C 11H0513hl'fHhIMl1 CJI0BaMH, KHl1)1(HOH JieKCl1KOH , 6oraTOH TeKCTOBOH Cl1HOHl1 Ml1eH 11 T. ,n:., O<pOp MJI.SIIOT He MeHee Ba)l(HYIO , tfeM ,n:eMOKpaTl13aU.1151, TeHJ].eHU.1110 - TeH,n:eHU.1110 K l1HTeJIJieKTyarr113a u.1111 ny6JIHI.\11CTH'feCKOfO 513hIKa.

B11,!J;eHOB

M.,

1997,

_{E3UK1>m u 06u1ecmeeHomo MHe1-1ue, Coqim1.}

fpa,!1;11Ha

T.A., 1996,

fJ3blKOBaJ/ uzpa: cmepeomun u meop'lecmeo, EKaTep11H6ypr. 3eMcKall E.A. 1-1 AP-,

1983,

PyccKaJ/ panoeop1-1aJ1 pe'lb, MocKBa.

Km1<11Ha

M.H.,

,[(ycKaeBa n .II., I

993,

Jlu1-12eucmu'lecKue u3MeHe1-1w1 e pyccKoii

zmeme noCJZeiJ1-1e20 iJeo1muJ1emuJ1, "Stylistyka" II,

1 1 1-131.

KocToMapoB B.r.,

1994,

f13b1Koeoi1 BKyc Jnoxu, MocKBa.

HopMaH

E.IO., 1987, fl3blK: 31-1aKOMb1u 1-1e31-1aK0Mei1, MHHCK.

HopMaH

E.IO., 1994,

I'pa.M.MamuKa 20eopJ1Ufe20, CaHKT-IleTep6ypr. Ilac1-1 11.,

1972, CMeu11-1omo, Coq>Hll.

PyccKuii J/3blK KOHL{a

XX

cmo11emuJ1 (

1 985-1995),

1996,

MocKBa. CaHHHKOB B.3.,

1999,

PyccKuii J/3blK e 3epKMe J13b1Koem1 u2pb1,

1999.

CMeTaHHHa C.11.,

2002,

MeiJua-meKcm e cucn1eMe KYllbmypbl, CaHKT-IleTep6ypr. ConrattHK

r.

51.,

2000, O

HOBblX acneKmax u3y'leHLIJI J/3b1Ka CMJ1, "BMY. Cep. I O.

)l(ypHanHCTHKa",

N23, 31 -38.

ConraHHK

r.

51., 200 I ,

Cemi meKcm - 'IY:>Kati meKcm. - C11oeapb u KYllbmypa pyccKoil pe'lu, MocKBa,

327-336.

Stylistyka XIV

CTOJ!HOB K., 1999,

06

Uf

ecmee1-1Ume npoMeHu ( 1 989-1996) u eecmHuKapCKU5/m emK,

CocjrnJ1.

Xboi-i311Hxa

H.,

1 982,

Homo ludens (Jf3cJ1eoeaHe Ha u2poew1 eJ1eMeHm Ha Ky­

flmypama), Cocp11J1.

U,otteaa n., 2002,

E3wweama uzpa e coBpeMeHHama ny6J1u4ucmuKa, Ben11Ko Tbpttoao.

Modern Russian Journalist Style and Play of Words

The linguistic play on words has a wide interpretation in the spirit of modem scholarly

theories - as a specifically sought deviation from the linguistic standards for the sake of

creating a given (most frequently comica!) effect. In that sense, various manifestations of

the nonstandard, creative and paronomasia use of linguistic means refer to the linguistic

play on words as a paronomasia (play on words) has a restricted and outdated character

that is why, here, paronomasia is considered only as one of the linguistic play on words.

lf-eactual significance of the topie is determined by the paramount role of joumalese

both in the systems of Modem Russian. Joumalistic style, as it is known, does not only re­

flect but it also forms public opinion. It is precisely injoumalese that is created the lingu­

istic background, the linguistic image of contemporary reality. Joumalese does not com­

ply with all kinds of conventions, it is actually the bearer of the "taste of time" and its

aspiration towards a fresh imag ery, towards innovation and towards breaking off with the

cli eh es of the past - with the trivia! and sterile style of the language of news pa pers of the

previous years.

The article contains a concrete analysis of some of the manifestations of the linguistic

play in the joumalistic style. The analysis deals with the basie and most typical type of

linguistic play - the paronomasia, as well as with other types, productive in joumalistic

style. They are sufficiently "representative" since they render the linguistic play at diffe­

rent levels (as far as such division is possible whatsoever). A more detailed analysis is fo­

cused precisely on those types of linguistic plays which are more actual at present for the

joumalistic style - paronomasia, quotation, metaphor, occasional units, the play with gra­

phics.

Keywords: /inguistic play on words,journalistic style, paronomasia, quotation, occasio­

nal units, pl

ay

with graphics.

[ e-mail: liliconeva@abv.bg]