Applied Ocean Research

RESEARCH

VOL 13, NO 1, FEBRUARY 1991, ISSN 0141-1187

T h e o c e a n a n d s c i e n t i f i c a n d e n g i n e e r i n g c o m m u n i t y h a v e a m a -j o r p a r t t o p l a y i n t h e f u t u r e o f o c e a n r e s e a r c h a n d d e v e l o p m e n t a n d t h e j o u r n a l t h a t b r i n g s t o g e t h e r e x p e r t s o n t h e s u b j e c t i s

Applied Ocean Researcli. T h e j o m - n a l i s a n i n t e r n a t i o n a l q u a l i t y

p u b U c a t i o n w h i c h i s e s s e n t i a l r e a d i n g f o r a l l o c e a n s c i e n t i s t s a n d e n g i n e e r s i n t e r e s t e d i n o c e a n r e s e a i - c h a n d r e l a t e d w o r k . F i e l d s c o v e r e d 9 O c e a n E n e r g y T e d m o l o g y » O l T s h o r e S t r u c t u r a l D e s i g n o D e v e l o p i n g S u b j e c t s • P o l l u t i o n e S t r u c t u r a l M e c h a n i c s • S t r u c t u r a l D y n a n r i c s • R e h a b i l i t y • P r o b a b i l i s t i c M e c h a n i c s • S e d i m e n t P r o b l e m s • W a v e D y n a m i c s , F o r c e s a n d E n v i r o n m e n t a O c e a n o g i - a p h y » O c e a n o g r a p h i c E n g i n e e r i n g o C o m p u t a t i o n a l M e t h o d s • E x p e r i m e n t a l M e t h o d s • H y d r o d y n a m i c s • S o i l M e c h a n i c s • A r c t i c E n g i n e e r i n g • M a r i n e G e o p h y s i c s • M a t e r i a l s S c i e n c e • O c e a n M i n i n g • U n d e r w a t e r T e c h n o l o g y e D i v i n g a n d U n d e r w a t e r V e h i c l e s

Applied Ocean Research i s p u b l i s h e d b i m o n t h l y ( F e b r u a r y , A p r i l ,

J u n e , A u g u s t , O c t o b e r , D e c e m b e r ) b y C o m p u t a t i o n a l M e c h a n -i c s P u b h c a t -i o n s . A n n u a l S u b s c r i p t i o n : f o r 1 9 9 1 £164. F o r a n e x t r a £10, a n -n u a l s u b s c r i p t i o -n s c a -n b e p o s t e d b y A i r . S u b s c r i b e r s l i v i -n g i -n I n d i a t o p a y £174 w h i c h i n c l u d e s a i r m a i l p o s t a g e . A 5 0 % r e -d u c t i o n i s m a -d e b y s u b s c r i p t i o n s t o i n -d i v i -d u a l s a t t h e i r p r i v a t e a d d r e s s e s o n l y i f t h e y b e l o n g t o a n o r g a n i z a t i o n w h i c h i s a l r e a d y s u b s c r i b i n g i n f u l l t o t h e j o u r n a l . O r d e r s a n d e n q u i r i e s f o r baclc i s s u e s t o C o m p u t a t i o n a l M e c h a n -i c s P u b h c a t -i o n s , A s h u r s t L o d g e , A s h u r s t , S o u t h a m p t o n , S 0 4 2 A A , E n g l a n d . T e l ; ( 0 ) 7 0 3 2 9 3 2 2 3 , T e l e x : 4 7 3 8 8 C h a c o m G A t t n C o m p m e c h , F a x : ( 0 ) 7 0 3 2 9 2 8 5 3 . N o r t h A m e r i c a n o r d e r s t o : C o m p u t a t i o n a l M e c h a n i c s I n c . , 25 B r i d g e S t r e e t , B i O e r i c a , M A 0 1 8 2 1 , U S A . T e l : ( 5 0 8 ) 6 6 7 5 8 4 1 , F a x : ( 5 0 8 ) 6 6 7 7 5 8 2 . N o p a r t o f t h i s p u b h c a t i o n m a y b e r e p r o d u c e d , s t o r e d i n a r e t r i e v a l s y s t e m o r b e t r a n s m i t t e d , i n a n y f o r m b y a n y m e a n s e l e c t r o n i c , m e c h a n i c a l , p h o t o c o p y i n g , r e c o r d i n g o r o t h e r w i s e w i t h -o u t t h e w r i t t e n p e r m i s s i -o n -o f t h e P u b l i s h e r . A l l r i g h t s r e s e r v e d . P e r m i s s i o n t o p h o t o c o p y f o r i n t e r n a l o r p e r s o n a l u s e s h o u l d b e a d d i e s s e d t o t h e P u b l i c a t i o n s D i r e c t o r , C o m p u t a t i o n a l M e c h a n -i c s P u b h c a t -i o n s a t t h e a b o v e a d d r e s s . Fee £16 p e r p a p e r .

Snap loading of marine cable systems

John Niedzwecki and Sreekumar K. Thampi

T h e added mass of bodies heaving at low

frequency in water of finite depth

P. Mclver and CM. Linton

An approach to the nonlinear solution

of the oscillating water column

Tor Vinje

W a v e m a k i n g by the r i m of a circular

basin

Chiang C. Mei and Xianchu Zhou

O n the initial-stage slamming of a rigid

sphere i n a vertical water entry

Touvia Miloh

R e s o n a n t reflection of surface waves by

non-sinusoidal bottom undulations

F. MaUioli

C o m m u n i c a t i o n to the E d i t o r

B o o k R e v i e w s

C a l e n d a r of E v e n t s

12

18

37

43

49

54

55

56

A r t i c l e s a p p e a r i n g i n t h i s j o u r n a l a r e i n d e x e d b y : I n s t i t u t e f o r S c i e n t i f i c I n f o r m a t i o n ; E n g i n e e r i n g S o c i e t i e s L i b r a r y ; E n v i r o n m e n t a l P e r i o d i c a l s ; C a m b r i d g e S c i e n t i f i c A b s t r a c t s / O c e a n i c A b -s t r a c t -s ; A p p l i e d M e c h a n i c -s R e v i e w ; C I T I S ; I N S P E C ; B o u n d a r y E l e m e n t A b s t r a c t s N e w s l e t t e r ; S c i e n t i f i c a n d T e c h i n i c a l I n f o r -m a t i o n L t d . ' s A b s t r a c t s J o u r n a l © 1 9 9 1 C o m p u t a t i o n a l M e c h a n i c s P u b l i c a t i o n s Printed b y H o b b s t f i e Printers o f S o u t t i a m p t o n , England.

APPLIED OCEAN

RESEARCH

VOL 13, NO 2, APRIL 1991, ISSN 0141-1187

TECHNISCHE UNIVERSITEIT

T h e ocean a n d scientific a n d engineering c o m m u n i t y have a m a -j o r p a r t to play i n the f u t u r e o f ocean researdi a n d development a n d the j o u r n a l t h a t brings together experts o n the subject is Applied Ocean Research. T h e j o u r n a l is an i n t e r n a t i o n a l q u a l i t y p u b l i c a t i o n w h i c h is essential reading f o r a l l ocean scientists a n d engineers interested i n ocean reseai-ch a n d r e l a t e d w o r k . Fields covered

» Ocean Energy Technology • Offshore S t r u c t u r a l Design 0 D e v e l o p i n g Subjects • P o l l u t i o n • S t r u c t u r a l Mechanics • S t r u c t u r a l D y n a m i c s • R e h a b i l i t y • P r o b a b i l i s t i c Mechanics • Sediment Problems • Wave D y n a m i c s , Forces a n d E n v i r o n m e n t « Oceanography » Oceanogi-aphic Engineering 0 C o m p u t a t i o n a l Methods • E x p e r i m e n t a l M e t h o d s • H y d r o d y n a m i c s • Soil Meclianics • A r c t i c Engineering • M a r i n e Geophysics • M a t e r i a l s Science • Ocean M i n i n g • U n d e r w a t e r Technology o D i v i n g a n d U n d e r w a t e r Velrides

Applied Ocean Research i s p u b h s h e d b i m o n t h l y (February, A p r i l , June, A u g u s t , October, December) b y C o m p u t a t i o n a l Mechan-ics P u b h c a t i o n s .

A n n u a l S u b s c r i p t i o n : f o r 1991 £164. For a n e x t r a £10, an-n u a l subscriptioan-ns caan-n be p o s t e d b y A i r . Subscribers l i v i an-n g i an-n I n d i a t o p a y £174 w h i c h includes a i r m a i l postage. A 50% re-d u c t i o n is m a re-d e b y subscriptions to i n re-d i v i re-d u a l s at t h e i r p r i v a t e addresses o n l y i f they belong to a n organization w h i c h is already subscribing i n f u l l to the joxrmal.

Orders a n d enquiries f o r back issues to C o m p u t a t i o n a l Mechan-ics P u b h c a t i o n s , Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, S o u t h a m p t o n , S04 2 A A , E n g l a n d . T e l : (0)703 293223, Telex: 473S8 C h a c o m G A t t n C o m p m e c h , Fax: (0)703 292853.

N o r t h A m e r i c a n orders t o : C o m p u t a t i o n a l Mechanics I n c . , 25 B r i d g e Street, BiUerica, M A 01821, U S A . T e l : (508) 667 5841, F a x : (508) 667 7582.

No p a r t o f t h i s p u b h c a t i o n m a y be reproduced, stored i n a re-t r i e v a l s y s re-t e m or be re-t r a n s m i re-t re-t e d , i n any f o r m by any means elect r o n i c , mechanical, p h o elect o c o p y i n g , recording or oelectherwise w i elect h -o u t t h e w r i t t e n permissi-on -of the Publisher. A l l r i g h t s reserved.

Pei-mission t o photocopy f o r i n t e r n a l o r personal use s h o u l d be addi-essed to the Publications D i r e c t o r , C o m p u t a t i o n a l Mechan-ics P u b l i c a t i o n s at the above address. Fee i ; i 6 per paper.

contents

O n the second order wave reflection

a n d transmission by a horizontal

cylinder

G.X. Wu

Nonlinear behaviour of an

articulated oflTshore loading

platform

Han S. Choi and Jack Y.K. Lou

A power take-off mechanism for

maximising the performance of an

oscillating water column wave

energy device

Umesh A. Kordt

Transient and steady state

analysis of capsize phenomena

Mohamed S. Soliman

and J.M.T. Thompson

Probabilistic wave s p e c t r u m

a n d fatigue estimation

Sau-Lon James Hu

L o a d i n g on a K - n o d e i n

oscillatory flow

A.G.L Borihwick, J.R. Chaplin,

R. Burrows and G.M. Drossopoulos

Book R e v i e w s

C a l e n d a r of E v e n t s

58

63

75

82

93

100

107

108

A r t i c l e s appearing i n this j o m n a l are indexed b y : I n s t i t u t e f o r Scientific I n f o r m a t i o n ; E n g i n e e r i n g Societies L i b r a r y ; E n v i r o n m e n t a l Peiiodicals; C a m b r i d g e Scientific A b s t r a c t s / O c e a n i c A b -stracts; A p p h e d Mechanics Review; C I T I S ; I N S P E C ; B o u n d a r y Element A b s t r a c t s &: Newsletter; Scientific a n d Techinical I n f o r -m a t i o n L t d . ' s A b s t r a c t s J o u r n a l

© 1 9 9 1 C o m p u t a t i o n a l Mechanics P u b l i c a t i o n s

Printed by Hobbs the Printers of Southampton, England.

V O L 13, N O 3, J U N E 1 9 9 1 , I S S N O M l - 1 1 8 7

The ocean scientific and engineering communities have a major part to play in the future of ocean research and development and the Journal that brings together experts on the subject is Applied Ocean Research, The Journal is an international quality publication which is essential reading for all ocean scientists and engineers in-terested in ocean research and related work.

Fields covered:

® Ocean Energy Technology

a Offshore Structural Design

a Developing Subjects a Pollution • Structural Mechanics a Structural Dynamics a Reliability a Probabilistic Mechanics a Sediment Problems

a Wave Dynamics, Forces and Environment

a Oceanography a Oceanographic Engineering a Computational Methods • Experimental Methods a Hydrodynamics a Soil Mechanics a Arctic Engineering a Marine Geophysics a Materials Science a Ocean Mining a Underwater Technology

« Diving and Underwater Vehicles

Applied Ocean Research is published bimonthly (February, April,

June, August, October, December) by Computational Mechanics Publications.

Annual Subscriptions: for 1991 £"164. For an extra £ l O , annual subscriptions can be posted by Airmail. Subscribers living in India t o pay £ 1 7 4 which includes Airmail postage. A 50% reduction is made by subscriptions to individuals at their private address only if they belong to an organization which is already subscribing to the Journal in full.

Orders and enquiries for back issues to Computationaf Mechan-ics Publications, Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, Southampton S 0 4 2 A A , England. Tel; -|-(0)703 293223, Telex: 47388 Chacom G A t t n Compmech, Fax; + ( 0 ) 7 0 3 292853.

North American orders to Computational Mechanics Inc., 25 Bridge Street, Billerica, M A 01821, USA. Tel (508) 667 5841, Fax: (508) 667 7582.

No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or be transmitted, in any form by any means electronic, me-chanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission o f t h e Publisher. All rights reserved.

Permission to photocopy for internal or personal use should be addressed to the Publications Director, Computational Mechanics Publications at the above address. Fee £ l 6 per paper.

CONTENTS

Original surface disturbances f r o m 110

wave records

T. Khangaonkar and B. Le Mehaute

E x p e r i m e n t a l study of wave groups i n 116

deep-water r a n d o m waves

T.H. Dawson, D.L. Kriebel

and L.A. Wallendorf

O n the control of wave energy devices 132

in midti-frequency waves

U.A. Korde

Offshore s t r u c t u r a l system reliability 145

under changing load pattern

Raii S. De, A. Karamchandani

and C. AUin Cornell

Articles appearing in this journal are indexed by: Institute for Scien-tific Information: Engineering Societies Library: Environmental Peri-odicals; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts/Oceanic Abstracts; Applied Mechanics Review; CITIS; INSPEC; Boundary Element Abstracts & Newsletter; Scientific and Technical Information Ltd. 's Abstracts Journal

©1991 Computational Mechanics Publications

Printed by Hobbs the Printers of Southampton, England.

APPLIED OCEAN

RESEARCH

V O L 1 3 , N O 4, A U G U S T 1 9 9 1 , I S S N 0 1 4 1 - 1 1 8 7

The ocean scientific and engineering communities have a major part to play in the future of ocean research and development and the journal that brings together experts on the subject is Applied Ocean Research. T h e journal is an international quality publication which is essential reading for all ocean scientists and engineers in-terested in ocean research and related work.

Fields covered:

o Ocean Energy Technology

o Offshore Structural Design

o Developing Subjects • Pollution o Structural Mechanics 8 Structural Dynamics • Reliability o Probabilistic Mechanics o Sediment Problems

o Wave Dynamics, Forces and Environment

o Oceanography o Oceanographic Engineering o Computational Methods • Experimental Methods • Hydrodynamics • Soil Mechanics » Arctic Engineering • Marine Geophysics • Materials Science • Ocean Mining • Underwater Technology • Diving and Underwater Vehicles

Applied Ocean Research is published bimonthly (February, April,

June, August, October, December)

Annual Subscriptions: for 1991 £ 1 6 4 . For an extra £ l O , annual subscriptions can be posted by Airmail. Subscribers living in India to pay £ l 7 4 which includes Airmail postage. A 50% reduction is made by subscriptions to individuals at their private address only if they belong to an organization which is already subscribing to the journal in full.

Orders and enquiries for back issues to Computational Mechan-ics Publications, Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, Southampton S 0 4 2 A A , England. Tel: -|-(0)703 293223, Telex: 47388 Chacom G A t t n Compmech, Fax: -f-(0)703 292853.

North American orders to Computational Mechanics Inc., 25 Bridge Street, Billerica, M A 01821, USA. Tel (508) 667 5841, Fax: (508) 667 7582.

Subscription orders for 1992 onwards to Elsevier Science Publishers L t d , Crown House, Linton Road, Barking, Essex I G l l 8JU, Eng-land. Tel: 081-594-7272, Fax: 081-594-5942, Telex: 896950 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or be transmitted, in any form by any means electronic, me-chanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. All rights reserved.

CONTENTS

A new empirically-based correction 162

procedure for shipborne wave

recorder data

E.G. Pin

Second order wave diffraction a r o u n d 175

two-dimensional bodies by

time-domain method

M. Isaacson and K. Fai Cheung

Solution of the mild-slope wave problem 187

by iteration

V.G. Panchang, B.R. Pearce, Ge Wei

and B. Cushman-Roisin

A n experimental investigation to measure 200

h y d r o d y n a m i c forces at small amplitudes

and high frequencies - Technical N o t e

A.R. Anaiurk

Articles appearing in this journal are indexed by: Institute for Scien-tific Information; Engineering Societies Library; Environmental Peri-odicals; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts/Oceanic Abstracts; Applied Mechanics Review; CITIS; INSPEC; Boundary Element Abstracts & Newsletter; Scientific and Technical Information Ltd. 's Abstracts Journal

(c)1991 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

Printed by Hobbs the Printers Limited, Southampton, England

The ocean scientific and engineering communities have a major part t o play in the future of ocean research and development and the journal that brings together experts on the subject is Applied Ocean Research. The journal is an international quality publication which is essentia! reading for all ocean scientists and engineers in-terested in ocean research and related work.

Fields covered:

a Ocean Energy Technology © Offshore Structural Design © Developing Subjects e Pollution e Structural Mechanics 9 Structural Dynamics @ Reliability o Probabilistic Mechanics s Sediment Problems

o Wave Dynamics, Forces and Environment

o Oceanography « Oceanographic Engineering © Computational Methods • Experimental Methods • Hydrodynamics • Soil Mechanics o Arctic Engineering » Marine Geophysics • Materials Science • Ocean Mining • Underwater Technology • Diving and Underwater Vehicles

Applied Ocean Research is published bimonthly (February, April,

June, August, October, December)

Annual Subscriptions: for 1991 £"164. For an extra £w, annual subscriptions can be posted by Airmail. Subscribers living in India to pay £ 1 7 4 which includes Airmail postage. A 50% reduction is made by subscriptions to individuals at their private address only if they belong to an organization which is already subscribing to the journal in full.

Orders and enquiries for back issues t o Computational Mechan-ics Publications, Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, Southampton S 0 4 2 A A , England. Tel: -|-(0)703 293223, Telex: 47388 Chacom G A t t n Compmech, Fax; + ( 0 ) 7 0 3 292853.

North American orders to Computational Mechanics Inc., 25 Bridge Street, Billerica, M A 01821, USA. Tel (508) 667 5841, Fax: (508) 667 7582.

Subscription orders for 1992 onwards to Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd, Crown House, Linton Road, Barking, Essex I G l l 8JU, Eng-land. Tel: 081-594-7272, Fax; 081-594-5942, Telex: 896950 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or be transmitted, in any form by any means electronic, me-chanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. All rights reserved.

V O L 13,

N O

5,

O C T O B E R 1 9 9 1 , I S S N 0 1 4 1 - 1 1 8 7

CONTENTS

S n a p loading of marine cable systems 210

J.M. Niedzwecki and S.K. Thampi

W a v e impact pressm-es on vertical 220

cylinders

D. Zhou, E.S. Chan and

W.K. MehiUe

Effects of rigidity a n d i n t e r n a l flow 235

on m a r i n e riser dynamics

M.C. Wu and J.Y.K. Lou

A n application of the R a n k i n e Source 245

M e t h o d to the estimation of

wave-current interaction effects

Takagi

Non-linear viscoelastic response of 254

ice

L. W. Morland

Nonlinear wave loads on fixed bodies: 262

(comparision of second-order computation

w i t h experimental data) — T e c h n i c a l Note

Moo-Hyun Kim

Articles appearing in this journal are indexed by: Institute for Scien-tific Information: Engineering Societies Library: Environmental Peri-odicals; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts/Oceanic Abstracts; Applied Mechanics Review; CITIS; INSPEC; Boundary Element Abstracts & Newsletter; Scientific and Technical Information Ltd. 's Abstracts Journal

©1991 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

Printed by Hobbs the Printers Limited, Southampton, England

V O L 13,

MO

6, D E C E M B E R

1991,

I S S N

0141-1187

The ocean scientific and engineering communities have a major part to play in the future of ocean research and development and the journal t h a t brings together experts on the subject is Applied Ocean Research. The journal is an international quality publication which is essential reading for all ocean scientists and engineers in-terested in ocean research and related work.

Fields covered:

o Ocean Energy Technology ® Offshore Structural Design

o Developing Subjects e Pollution a Structural Mechanics s Structural Dynamics o Reliability « Probabilistic Mechanics © Sediment Problems

® Wave Dynamics, Forces and Environment @ Oceanography e Oceanographic Engineering ® Computational Methods s Experimental Methods ® Hydrodynamics @ Soil Mechanics e Arctic Engineering e Marine Geophysics » Materials Science 8 Ocean Mining ® Underwater Technology « Diving and Underwater Vehicles

Applied Ocean Research is published bimonthly (February, April,

June, August, October, December)

Annual Subscriptions: for 1991 £ l 6 4 . For an extra £ 1 0 , annual subscriptions can be posted by Airmail. Subscribers living in India to pay £ l 7 4 which includes Airmail postage. A 50% reduction is made by subscriptions to individuals at their private address only if they belong to an organization which is already subscribing to the journal in full.

Orders and enquiries for back issues to Computational Mechan-ics Publications, Ashurst Lodge, Ashurst, Southampton S 0 4 2AA, England. Tel: -F(0)703 293223, Telex: 47388 Chacom G A t t n Compmech, Fax: -|-(0)703 292853.

North American orders to Computational Mechanics Inc., 25 Bridge Street, Billerica, M A 01821, USA. Tel (508) 667 5841, Fax: (508) 667 7582.

Subscription orders for 1992 onwards to Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd, Crown House, Linton Road, Barking, Essex I G l l 8 J U , Eng-land. Tel: 081-594-7272, Fax: 081-594-5942, Telex: 896950 No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or be transmitted, in any form by any means electronic, me-chanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise without the written permission of the Publisher. All rights reserved.

CONTENTS

Second order wave diffraction forces a n d

runup by finite-infinite element method

B.Y. Li, S.L. Lau and CO. Ng

Second-order sum-frequency wave loads

on large-volume structures

M.H. Kim

O n the statistical distribution of T L P

offsets

T. Vinje

D y n a m i c behaviour of deepwater drilling

column under collisions w i t h drillship

moonpool

V.S. Tikhonov, V.I. Komissarenko

and B. V. Emec

N u m e r i c a l scheme for calculating the ruj

terms in wave-current-body interaction

problem - Technical Note

G.X. Wu

P a n e l methods for computing wave loads

on a vertical cylinder - Teclmical N o t e

A. Berg and F.G. Nielsen

A n n u a l I n d e x

270

287

297

307

317

320

327

Articles appearing in this journal are indexed by: Institute for Scien-tific Information; Engineering Societies Library; Environmental Peri-odicals; Cambridge Scientific Abstracts/Oceanic Abstracts; Applied Mechanics Review; CITIS; INSPEC; Boundary Element Abstracts & Newsletter; Scientific and Technical Information Ltd. 's Abstracts Journal

©1991 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

Printed by Hobbs the Printers Limited, Southampton, England