:\GDQD QDNáDGHP :\GDZQLFWZD 8QLZHUV\-WHWX *GDĔVNLHJR NVLąĪND Animowanie Miasta.
*GDĔVN SU]HVWU]HQLą DUW\VWyZ QD NWyUą ]áRĪ\á\
VLĊWHNVW\SRZVWDáHJáyZQLHMDNRSUDFHOLFHQFMDF-NLHZ.DWHGU]H.XOWXUR]QDZVWZD8*MHVWSR]\FMą
UyĪQRURGQąSRGNLONRPDZ]JOĊGDPL:SUDZG]LH
ZV]\VWNLH]DZDUWHZQLHMDUW\NXá\RGQRV]ąVLĊGR
NZHVWLL IXQNFMRQRZDQLD G]LDáDĔ DUW\VW\F]Q\FK
F]\ V]HU]HM DQLPDF\MQ\FK Z SXEOLF]QHM SU]H-VWU]HQL PLDVWD DOH L ]DNUHV WHPDW\F]Q\ V]NLFyZ
LREUDQHSU]H]EDGDF]\VWUDWHJLHPHWRGRORJLF]QH
RGXMĊüWHRUHW\]XMąF\FKSU]H]V]NLFH]DZLHUDMąFH
LQIRUPDFMH R KLVWRU\F]Q\P UR]ZRMX Z\EUDQ\FK
IRUP DUW\VW\F]Q\FK SR DUW\NXá\ SRZVWDáH Z Z\-QLNXW]ZREVHUZDFMLXF]HVWQLF]ąFHM LRGPLHQQH
WHPSHUDPHQW\ EDGDZF]H DXWRUyZ VSUDZLDMą ĪH
WRP MDZL VLĊ MDNR ZLHORSáDV]F]\]QRZD LQWHUHVX-MąFDFDáRĞü
'ZD SLHUZV]H ± SR ZVWĊSLH UHGDNWRUNL
WRPX %DUEDU\ )RU\VLHZLF] ± WHNVW\ DXWRUVWZD
.DUROLQ\0LOHZVNLHML$JQLHV]NL'PLWUXF]XNSR-ĞZLĊFRQH Vą SRMĊFLRP DQLPDFML L V]WXNL SXEOLF]-QHM XMĊFLH WHRUHW\F]QH áąF]\ VLĊ Z QLFK ] RSLVD-PLDQLPDWRUVNLHMSUDNW\NL ZV]NLFX0LOHZVNLHM
L HOHPHQWDPL SU]HJOąGRZRLQWHUSUHWDF\MQ\PL
Z WHNĞFLH 'PLWUXF]XN 6]NLFH DXWRUVWZD .DWD- U]\Q\7RFK\0DUW\)RUPHOOLL2OJL5RV]DNWUDN-WXMą R VFHQLH JGDĔVNLHJR 7HDWUX Z 2NQLH JGDĔ-VNLFK WHDWUDFK XOLF]Q\FK 7HDWU (SKDWD 7HDWU
6QyZ )(7$ ± 7HDWU QD 6SHFMDOQH 2NROLF]QRĞFL RUD] RJyOQRSROVNLHM Z W\P JGDĔVNLHM VFHQLH ¿-reshows $UW\NXá\ 0DUW\ 6LQLHFNLHM L 0LFKDáD
0RNU]\FNLHJR ERGDM QDMOHSV]H D QD SHZQR QD-MREV]HUQLHMV]H Z WRPLH WUDNWXMą NROHMQR R WUyM-PLHMVNLHM VFHQLH VWUHHW DUWX1 L V]WXFH SXEOLF]QHM
ZSU]HVWU]HQLJGDĔVNLHMVWRF]QL
&KFLDáE\P SRĞZLĊFLü XZDJĊ ZáDĞQLH
GZyP RVWDWQLP WHNVWRP 3R SLHUZV]H GODWHJR
ĪH Z QDMZLĊNV]\P VWRSQLX GRW\F]ą WUyMPLHMVNLHM
VFHQ\DUW\VW\F]QHM SRGUXJLH]DĞ]WHJRZ]JOĊGX
ĪH MDNR WDNLH ± PLPR EH]VSU]HF]Q\FK ]ZáDV]F]D
GRNXPHQWDF\MQ\FK L RSLVRZ\FK D Z PQLHMV]\P
VWRSQLX LQWHUSUHWDF\MQ\FK ZDORUyZ ± SURZRNXMą
do dyskusji.
7HPDWHPV]NLFX6LQLHFNLHMMHVWWZyUF]RĞü
JGDĔVNLHJR VWUHHWDUWRZFD 3LNDVR 0LFKDáD /LQR- ZD 2PyZLHQLHMHJRUHDOL]DFMLD]ZáDV]F]DZSUR-
ZDG]HQLHZWRNZ\ZRGXZ\SRZLHG]LDUW\VW\SR-SU]HG]D NRPSHWHQWQH FKRü VLáą U]HF]\ VNUyWRZH
QLHNLHG\ PRĪH ]E\W ]GDZNRZH SU]HGVWDZLHQLH
historii2 UR]ZRMXVWUHHWDUWX$XWRUNDNRQWHNVWX- DOL]XMHIRUP\VWUHHWDUWXLJUDɤWLLZVND]XMHUyĪQL-FHPLĊG]\QLPLSRGDMHLFKSU]\NáDG\SUH]HQWXMH
QDMZDĪQLHMV]HWHFKQLNLVWUHHWDUWRZHSU]HGVWDZLD
Z\EUDQH V\OZHWNL SROVNLFK Z W\P JGDĔVNLFK
VWUHHWDUWRZFyZ
6LQLHFND SU]\JOąGD VLĊ VWUHHW DUWRZL NU\-W\F]QLH VWURQL RG DSRORJHW\F]QHJR WRQX NWyU\
SRMDZLD VLĊ QLHNLHG\ Z LQQ\FK WHNVWDFK L FKRü
ZVND]XMH QD SRWHQFMDá VWUHHW DUWX WR Z\VWU]HJD
VLĊ MHJR MHGQR]QDF]QHM JORU\¿NDFML ]DPLDVW WHJR
DNFHQWXMH UDF]HM LGHRZH L SUDNW\F]QH SUREOHP\
EĊGąFH XG]LDáHP VWUHHWDUWRZFyZ 3RGNUHĞOHQLD
Z\PDJD IDNW ĪH DXWRUND ĞZLDGRPLH RGFKRG]L RG
XMĊü HVWHW\]XMąF\FK SXQNW FLĊĪNRĞFL SU]HQRV]ąF
QD V\PEROLF]Q\ L SUDNW\F]Q\ Z\PLDU VWUHHW DUWX
2 LOH ZLĊF SRNXWXMąFH MHV]F]H F]DVDPL ± ]ZáDV]-F]DZSUDFDFKVWXGHQFNLFK±XWRĪVDPLHQLHV]WXNL
] SLĊNQHP 6LQLHFND RGU]XFD L R LOH SU]HGVWDZLD
SUREOHP\ Z\QLNáH ]H ]GHU]HQLD NU\W\F]QHJR L NR- PHUF\MQHJR PDUNHWLQJRZRUHNODPRZHJR SRWHQ-FMDáXVWUHHWDUWXRW\OHZąWSOLZRĞFLEXG]LNZHVWLD
SU]HGVWDZLHQLD SU]H] QLą MHJR
LQVW\WXFMRQDOQR-HNRQRPLF]QRU\QNRZ\FK XZDUXQNRZDĔ =GDMH
VLĊ ĪH DXWRUND UR]SR]QDMH ]DJURĪHQLD Z\QLNDMąFH
] UHNODPRZHM NRPHUFMDOL]DFML VWUHHW DUWX MHGQDN
ZLG]ąF V]DQVH QD MHJR UR]ZyM Z FRUD] F]ĊVWV]\P
SUH]HQWRZDQLXWHJRURG]DMXV]WXNLZJDOHULDFKQLH
GRVWU]HJD]ZLą]DQ\FK]W\P±WDNĪHNRPHUF\MQ\FK
±]DJURĪHĔ'ODSU]\NáDGX Z\SRZLHGĨ/LQRZDGR-W\F]ąFąÄU\QNXV]WXNLXOLF]QHM´ ZNWyUHMDUW\VWD
SRZRáXMHVLĊQDSRVWDü%DQNV\¶HJR Ä1D=DFKRG]LH
VWUHHW DUW MXĪ GDZQR MHVW V]WXNą 'RZRGHP QD WR
PRJąE\üRJURPQHVXP\]DSUDFH%DQNV\¶HJRFR
ZLąĪH VLĊ Z MDNLPĞ VHQVLH ] X]QDQLHP VWUHHW DUWX
L ZáąF]HQLHP JR Z RELHJ V]WXNL ZVSyáF]HVQHM´ V
6LQLHFND SR]RVWDZLD EH] NRPHQWDU]D FKRü
Z\GDMH VLĊ ĪH NZHVWLD UyĪQLF\ PLĊG]\ ÄXJDOHU\M-QLHQLHP´3 VWUHHW DUWX D ZSU]ĊJQLĊFLHP JR Z ND-SLWDOLVW\F]Qą PDFKLQĊ ]\VNX L VSHNXODFML Z\PDJD
FKRüE\ GUREQHJR UR]ZLQLĊFLD =ZáDV]F]D ĪH WR
ZáDĞQLHQDSU]\NáDG]LHVWUHHWDUWXV]WXNLRNUHĞOD-QHMF]ĊVWRMDNRQLHSRNRUQDLEXQWRZQLF]DDEVXUG
ZLQGRZDQLD FHQ G]LHá V]WXNL MDZL VLĊ Z\MąWNRZR
Z\UDĨQLH -HGQD ] RVWDWQLFK DNFML %DQNV\¶HJR
F]\OL ± QDMSUDZGRSRGREQLHM ZSLVDQH Z VWUDWHJLĊ
GRPXDXNF\MQHJR6RWKHE\¶V±]QLV]F]HQLHSU]H]HĔ
ZáDVQHMSUDF\Girl with BalloonSRW\PMDN]RVWDáD
Z\OLF\WRZDQD FRSRGQLRVáRZDUWRĞüG]LHáD VWDQR-ZLQDMOHSV]\SU]\NáDGQDWRZMDNLVSRVyESUDZR
NDSLWDOLVW\F]QHJR VSHNWDNOX ]DZáDV]F]D L WHPSH-UXMHX]QDZDQą]DNU\W\F]QąLQLHZ\JRGQąV]WXNĊ
=DMPXMąF\QLHPDOĪHF]ZDUWąF]ĊĞüNVLąĪ-NL V± DUW\NXá0LFKDáD0RNU]\FNLHJRWR
REV]HUQH ZDUWRĞFLRZH SR]QDZF]R VWXGLXP SR-ĞZLĊFRQHKLVWRULLWDN]ZDQHJRĞURGRZLVND:\VS\
]H V]F]HJyOQ\P XZ]JOĊGQLHQLHP MHJR G]LDáDĔ QD
WHUHQLH 6WRF]QL *GDĔVNLHM 6]NLF WHQ SU]\JRWR- ZDQ\QDSRGVWDZLHNZHUHQG\Z,QVW\WXFLH6]WX-NL :\VSD ,6: G]LDáDMąF\P Z VWRF]QL GR
URNX PD FKDUDNWHU V]HURNR ]DNUHĞORQHM SUDF\
UHNRQVWUXXMąFHM KLVWRULĊ :\VS\ VWDQRZL WDNĪH
ĞZLDGHFWZRXF]HVWQLFWZDZZ\GDU]HQLDFKRUJDQL- ]RZDQ\FKSU]H],6:G]LĊNLF]HPXQDELHUDZDOR- UyZGRNXPHQWDF\MQ\FK:REHFUR]SURV]HQLDPD-WHULDáyZDUFKLZDOQ\FKSU]HFKRZ\ZDQ\FKZ,6:
NWyUH QDVWąSLáR SR RSXV]F]HQLX SU]H] :\VSĊ
VWRF]QLRZHJR EXG\QNX PDWHULDá ]HEUDQ\ SU]H]
0RNU]\FNLHJR Z\GDMH VLĊ W\P EDUG]LHM FHQQ\
$XWRU EDUG]R VSUDZQLH SU]HSURZDG]D F]\WHOQLND
SU]H] KLVWRULĊ :\VS\ SRF]\QDMąF RG ODW RVLHP-G]LHVLąW\FK SU]H] ODWD WUDQVIRUPDFML XVWURMRZHM
DĪGRF]DVyZQDMEDUG]LHMZ]PRĪRQHMDNW\ZQRĞFL
QD WHUHQDFK VWRF]QLRZ\FK .RPSHWHQWQLH VHOHN-FMRQXMH L SU]HGVWDZLD QDMZDĪQLHMV]H GOD ĞURGR-ZLVND :\VS\ HSL]RG\ PLHMVFD IXQNFMRQRZDQLD
L NRQWHNVW\ QLH SU]HFLąĪDMąF L WDN REV]HUQHJR
DUW\NXáXLQIRUPDFMDPLDOHNRQVWUXXMąFJRZWDNL
VSRVyE ĪH NDĪG\ ] Z\UyĪQLRQ\FK SU]H] DXWRUD
SRGUR]G]LDáyZ5PRĪHVWDQRZLü]DOąĪHNSU]\V]áHJR
UR]ZLQLĊFLDWHPDWX3RGNUHĞOLüWHĪWU]HEDĪH0R-NU]\FNL RSLVXMH QLH W\ONR G]LDáDOQRĞü :\VS\ DOH
ZVSRPLQD WDNĪH R LQQ\FK VWRF]QLRZ\FK
LQVW\WX-FMDFKNROHNW\ZDFKJDOHULDFKLSU]HGVLĊZ]LĊFLDFK
PLĊG]\LQQ\PLR.RORQLL$UW\VWyZ(XURSHMVNLP
&HQWUXP 6ROLGDUQRĞFL NOXELH % F]\ VWRF]QLR-ZHMHG\FML)HVWLZDOX1DUUDFMHLFKRüRQLHNWyU\FK
] QLFK MHG\QLH Z WU\ELH VSUDZR]GDZF]\P QDG-PLHQLDWRG]LĊNLWHPXSROHRJOąGXVWRF]QLRZ\FK
DNW\ZQRĞFL SU]HGVWDZLD VLĊ V]HU]HM L SRZLHG]LHü
PRĪQDXF]FLZLHM
*UXQWRZQH UR]SR]QDQLH
IDNWRJUD¿F]QR-KLVWRU\F]QH QLH XFKURQLáR MHGQDN DXWRUD SU]HG
GRĞü ]QDF]ąF\P FKRü Z SHUVSHNW\ZLH FDáRĞFL
V]NLFXPDUJLQDOQ\PEáĊGHP2WyĪ0RNU]\FNL]D
GDWĊ]DPNQLĊFLD*DOHULL:\VSDQDXOLF\&KOHEQLF-NLHM X]QDMH URN V D QLH ± MDN Z U]H-F]\ZLVWRĞFL±FRPRĪHG]LZLüRW\OHĪHGDWD
WD ZLąĪH VLĊ ] JáRĞQą VSUDZą RVNDUĪHQLD 'RURW\
1LH]QDOVNLHMRREUD]ĊXF]XüUHOLJLMQ\FKLMHVWSR-ZV]HFKQLH]QDQD
1LHVWHW\ 0RNU]\FNLHPX SU]\WUD¿áR VLĊ
WDNĪH SRZDĪQLHMV]H QDGXĪ\FLH 1D GUXJLHM VWUR-QLH DUW\NXáX ]QDMGXMH VLĊ ERZLHP XZDJD Ä1LH
FKFLDáE\P WXWDM SRĞZLĊFDü ]E\W ZLHOH PLHMVFD QD
GH¿QLRZDQLH1RZHM6]NRá\*GDĔVNLHM>«@7HUPL-QHPª1RZD6]NRáD*GDĔVND©NWyUHJRDXWRUVWZR
SU]\SLVXMH VLĊ -RODQFLH &LHVLHOVNLHM RNUHĞODQR
JUXSĊ WZyUFyZ DOWHUQDW\ZQ\FK VNXSLRQ\FK ZR-Nyá *U]HJRU]D .ODPDQD´ V -XĪ UHWRU\F]Q\
FKDUDNWHU SLHUZV]HM F]ĊĞFL WHJR IUDJPHQWX PRĪH
ZVND]\ZDü QLH W\OH QD EUDN PLHMVFD LOH SUREOH-P\ ] GH¿QLFMą QRZHM V]NRá\ JGDĔVNLHM VWUDWHJLĊ
RGGDODMąFą NRQLHF]QRĞü MHM ± FKRüE\ VNUyWRZHJR
±SU]HGVWDZLHQLDNWyUHDXWRUPDVNXMH]GDZNRZą
LQLHSUDZG]LZą LQIRUPDFMąRVNXSLHQLXDUW\VWyZ
QRZHM V]NRá\ ZRNyá .ODPDQD 2WyĪ .ODPDQ RZ-V]HP E\á QDMEDUG]LHM FK\ED DNW\ZQą ]QDF]ąFą
R LOH QLH QDMZDĪQLHMV]ą SRVWDFLą QRZHM V]NRá\
MHGQDNX]QDQLHJR]DDUW\VWĊVWRMąFHJRZMHMFHQ-WUXP ]D DUW\VW\F]QHJR OLGHUD PLMD VLĊ SUDZGą
]ZáDV]F]DMHĞOLSU]\SRPQLP\ĪHQRZDV]NRáDE\áD
VZHJR URG]DMX Z\SDGNRZą F]WHUHFK ĞURGRZLVN
G]LDáDMąF\FK Z yZF]HVQ\P *GDĔVNX ĞURGRZLVND
:\VS\ WRLVWRWQLHVNXSLRQHE\áRZRNyá.ODPDQD
7RWDUWX*DOHULL&aaaL3UDFRZQL3,:LWRVáDZD
&]HUZRQNL']LZLIDNWĪHDXWRUFKRFLDĪSRZRáXMH
VLĊQDNVLąĪNĊ:\VSD0LHMVFHLGHL±LGHDPLHMVFD
V]NLFX 0RNU]\FNLHJR SRMDZLD VLĊ ,QVW\WXW 6]WXNL
:\VSDWRZJUXQFLHU]HF]\MHJRG]LDáDOQRĞFLDXWRU
ZRJyOHQLHSUREOHPDW\]XMH3LV]HRLQLFMRZDQ\FK
LZVSyáWZRU]RQ\FKSU]H],6:SU]HGVLĊZ]LĊFLDFK
WDNLFKMDN0RGHODUQLD)HVWLZDO$OWHUQDWLYD2Ey]
6ROLGDUQRĞü6XELHNW\ZQD/LQLD$XWREXVRZDDOH
LQIRUPDFMH QD WHPDW SURJUDPX Z\VWDZ RGE\ZD-MąF\FKVLĊZVDP\P,6:VąVNąSHLUR]SURV]RQH
] Z\MąWNLHP W\FK NWyUH MHGQRF]HĞQLH ZFKRG]Lá\
ZVNáDGSURJUDPX$OWHUQDWLY\ 1LHPRĪQDFK\ED
WáXPDF]\üWHJRIDNWXREUDQąSU]H]DXWRUyZNVLąĪ- NLSHUVSHNW\ZąVNXSLDMąFąVLĊQDV]WXFHZSU]H-VWU]HQL SXEOLF]QHM WHQ SXQNW ZLG]HQLD ERZLHP
QLHSU]HV]NDG]D0RNU]\FNLHPXQDMREV]HUQLHMV]HM
F]ĊĞFLVZRMHJRDUW\NXáXSRĞZLĊFLü)HVWLZDORZL$O-WHUQDWLYD NWyU\ ZV]DN RGE\ZDá VLĊ L Z EXG\QNX
,6:LZMHGQHM]HVWRF]QLRZ\FKKDO7DNLHXMĊFLH
VSUDZ\ QLHMDNR PDUJLQDOL]XMH G]LDáDOQRĞü L Z\-VWDZ\ SUH]HQWRZDQH Z ,6: SU]HQRV]ąF XZDJĊ
QD )HVWLZDO $OWHUQDWLYD NWyU\ FKRü REXGRZDQ\
]QDF]ąFą ED]ą WHRUHW\F]Qą L PDUNHWLQJRZą VWD-QRZLZPRMHMRSLQLLPQLHM]QDF]ąF\ZąWHNKLVWRULL
JGDĔVNLHMV]WXNLQLĪG]LDáDOQRĞüVDPHJR,6:RU-JDQL]XMąFHJRWDNLHZ\VWDZ\MDNFKRüE\6WUDĪQLF\
doków :\EUDĔF\ SUH]HQWDFMH
z cyklu $EVROZHQW LQG\ZLGXDOQH
Z\VWDZ\(Z\3DUWXP$UWXUDĩPLMHZVNLHJR1LH-]QDOVNLHMF]\VDPHJR.ODPDQD
1DZHW MHĞOL XZ]JOĊGQLü SUREOHPDW\F]-QH PLHMVFD NVLąĪNL Animowanie Miasta… NWyUH
VWDUDáHP VLĊ ZVND]Dü SXEOLNDFMĊ EH] ZąWSLHQLD
X]QDüWU]HED]DLQWHUHVXMąF\LFHQQ\PDWHULDáSR-ĞZLĊFRQ\ V]WXFH SXEOLF]QHM ZDUWRĞFLRZ\ WDNĪH
GODKLVWRU\NyZJGDĔVNLHJRĞURGRZLVNDDUW\VW\F]-QHJR &KĊü G\VNXVML NWyUą SURZRNXMH SU]\JRWR-ZDQ\SU]H]NXOWXUR]QDZFyZWRPG]LDáDW\ONRQD
MHJR NRU]\Ğü : *GDĔVNX WHJR URG]DMX G\VNXVMD
RDUW\VW\F]QHMKLVWRULLPLDVWDMHVW]UHV]WąEDUG]R
SRWU]HEQD 'RĞü OLF]QH SXEOLNDFMH L Z\GDU]HQLD
SU]\JRWRZ\ZDQH SU]H] VDPH ĞURGRZLVND DUW\- VW\F]QH PLĊG]\LQQ\PL&6:àDĨQLDJUXSĊÄ=QD-MRPL ]QDG 0RU]D´ SXEOLNDFMH SRZVWDáH Z NUĊJX
:\VS\ L]WHJRSRZRGX±VLáąU]HF]\±MHPLWR-ORJL]XMąFH]QDMGXMąG]LĊNLWHPXVZyMDNDGHPLFNL
NRQWUDSXQNW FHFKXMąF\ VLĊ NU\W\F]Q\P G\VWDQ-VHPGRRSLV\ZDQ\FK]MDZLVNLIHQRPHQyZ
Przypisy
1'RGDMP\ĪHVWUHHWDUWE\áMXĪZF]HĞQLHMRELHNWHP]DLQWHUHVRZDQLDVWXGHQWyZJGDĔVNLHJRNXOWXUR]QDZVWZD6]HĞüODWWHPX
XND]DáDVLĊWDNĪHQDNáDGHP:\GDZQLFWZD8*SU]\JRWRZDQDSU]H]QLFKGRNXPHQWDF\MQDNVLąĪNDSztuka na marginesie. Trój-PLHMVNLHJUDɤWLLPXUDOH]UHGDJRZDQDSU]H]0DJGDOHQĊ+RZRUXV&]DMNĊ
2:ĞUyGZąWNyZNWyUHDXWRUNDSRUXV]DMHVWPLĊG]\LQQ\PLVNUyWRZRSRWUDNWRZDQDKLVWRULDĞFLHQQ\FKQDSLVyZSRMDZLDMąF\FK
VLĊZ*GDĔVNX ]ZáDV]F]DQDWHUHQLHVWRF]QL ZF]DVDFKNDUQDZDáX6ROLGDUQRĞFLLVWDQXZRMHQQHJR7U]HEDZW\PPLHMVFXSU]\-SRPQLHü±WDNĪHGODWHJRĪHQLHURELWHJRDXWRUNDWHNVWX±ZDĪQHĨUyGáRGREDGDĔQDGW\PWHPDWHPMDNLPVąRSXEOLNRZDQH
ZUD]]SU]\NáDGDPLVROLGDUQRĞFLRZ\FKXORWHNLRNROLF]QRĞFLRZHMSRH]MLWHJRF]DVXWUDQVNU\SFMHVLHUSQLRZ\FKJUDɤWLSU]HGUX-NRZDQHZQXPHU]H3XQNWX$OPDQDFKX*GDĔVNLFKĝURGRZLVN7ZyUF]\FK.
3&RVZRMąGURJąVDPRZVRELHMHVWFLHNDZHZNRQWHNĞFLHREUDQHMSU]H]DXWRUyZLUHGDNWRUNĊWRPXSHUVSHNW\Z\PDMąFHM
SU]HGHZV]\VWNLPSU]HGVWDZLDüV]WXNĊNWyUD]]DPNQLĊWHMSU]HVWU]HQLWHDWUXF]\JDOHULLÄZ\FKRG]L´ZSU]HVWU]HĔPLDVWD6WUHHW
DUWRGUXFKRZRáąF]RQ\]PLHMVNRĞFLąSU]HPLHU]DWĊGURJĊQLHMDNRZRGZURWQ\PNLHUXQNX
'RGDMP\GODSRU]ąGNXĪHDXWRUNDQLHPRJáDRQLHMZLHG]LHüZFKZLOLSLVDQLDDUW\NXáX]RVWDáRQERZLHPSU]HGVWDZLRQ\
MDNRSUDFDOLFHQFMDFNDZURNX7R]UHV]WąFK\EDQDMEDUG]LHMSUREOHPDW\F]QDNZHVWLD±RWyĪV]NLFHXPLHV]F]RQHZWRPLH
SRZVWDZDá\ZODWDFK ±ZREHFF]HJRSXEOLNDFMDNVLąĪNLZ URNXMHVWGRĞü]QDF]ąF\PSU]HVXQLĊFLHPLZ\PDJD
QLHNLHG\SLVDQ\FKDGKRFX]XSHáQLHĔ SRUV ±
5%UDNXMHZQLFKPRĪHKDVáDÄ0HGLD! QDFMH´F]\OLZDUV]WDWyZVWXGHQFNLFKRUJDQL]RZDQ\FKSU]H],6:ZODWDFK±
LZRJyOHZąWNXHGXNDF\MQHJRNWyU\PyJáE\ZVSyáJUDü]ÄDQLPDF\MQą´SHUVSHNW\ZąFDáHJRWRPX:DUV]WDW\0HGLD! QDFMH
GRGDMP\GRF]HNDá\VLĊQLHGDZQRSRĞZLĊFRQHMVRELHSXEOLNDFMLQLHZROQHMQLHVWHW\RGGUREQ\FKEáĊGyZLSU]HLQDF]HĔ PLĊG]\
LQQ\PLSLV]ąF\WHVáRZD]RVWDáZNVLąĪFHQLHVáXV]QLH]DOLF]RQ\ZSRF]HWXF]HVWQLNyZZDUV]WDWyZ DOHZDUWRĞFLRZHMMDNRPDWHULDá
GRNXPHQWXMąF\MHGHQ]HSL]RGyZVWRF]QLRZHMDNW\ZQRĞFL:\VS\
:SUDZG]LHDXWRUGDWXMąF]DPNQLĊFLH*DOHULL:\VSDSRZRáXMHVLĊQDGDQHSU]HGVWDZLRQHZNLHV]RQNRZ\PSU]HZRGQLNX
Z\GDQ\PSU]H],6: ZUDPDFK)HVWLZDOX$OWHUQDWLYDDOHQLHGRNRĔFDXVSUDZLHGOLZLDWRGDWDF\MQ\EáąG1DZLDVHP
PyZLąFNZHVWLDWD±FKRüWRWHPDWQDRVREQ\WHNVW±VSRURPyZLRSU]HLQDF]HQLDFKLEáĊGDFKREHFQ\FKZZ\GDZDQ\FKSU]H]
LQVW\WXFMHDUW\VW\F]QHSXEOLNDFMDFKFRMHV]F]HZ\UDĨQLHMZVND]XMHQDSRWU]HEĊLFKQDXNRZHMNU\W\F]QHMZHU\¿NDFMLMDNRĨUyGHá
historycznoartystycznych.
&KDUDNWHU]DOHĪQRĞFLPLĊG]\W\PLJUXSDPLLZ\QLNáH]WHJRGODJGDĔVNLHJRĞURGRZLVNDNRQVHNZHQFMHVWDUDáHPVLĊRPyZLü
SRNUyWFHZV]NLFXÄ:\VSDL3UDFRZQLD3, SRVWDZ\LGHHSROHRGG]LDá\ZDQLD ODWD :RNyáªQRZHMV]NRá\JGDĔVNLHM©´
$NDGHPLDZ0LHĞFLH
Animowanie Miasta. *GDĔVNSU]HVWU]HQLąDUW\VWyZ5HG%DUEDUD)RU\VLHZLF]*GDĔVN
:\GDZQLFWZR8* /LF]EDVWURQ
Bibliografia
*U]RQNRZVND$OHNVDQGUD.U]\V]WRI*XWIUDĔVNL(ZD0LNLQDWyspa. Teraz jest teraz. Przewodnik*GDĔVN )XQGDFMD:\VSD
3URJUHVV±,QVW\WXW6]WXNL:\VSD
+RZRUXV&]DMND0DJGDOHQDUHG6]WXNDQDPDUJLQHVLH7UyMPLHMVNLHJUDɤWLLPXUDOH*GDĔVN :\GDZQLFWZR8*
.ODPDQ*U]HJRU]UHG0HGLD! QDFMH0LĊG]\XF]HOQLDQHZDUV]WDW\LQWHUPHGLDOQH±*GDĔVN $NDGHPLD6]WXN
3LĊNQ\FK
Ä0XU\6WRF]QL*GDĔVNLHM6LHUSLHĔ ´3XQNW$OPDQDFK*GDĔVNLFKĝURGRZLVN7ZyUF]\FK ±
:URQLV]HZVNL0DNV\PLOLDQÄ:\VSDL3UDFRZQLD3, SRVWDZ\LGHHSROHRGG]LDá\ZDQLD ODWD :RNyáªQRZHMV]NRá\JGDĔ-VNLHM©´$NDGHPLDZ0LHĞFLH ±