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C B O P H H K ' B
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m UH CIOBECBOCTH HMQEPATOPCROË ARAHEMIH
U H l. Tomł tctc,
M lEKATEPHHA U
BT>HEPEIIHCKl Cl rPHMMOMl.
* AKaACMHKa fl. K. T p o ia. -6 >v s * * * CAHKTITETEPByPn).TI!I10IPA>l>ni HMIIEPATOPCKOH ABAĄEMIH HAVKt. (Bac. OcTp., 9 JHu., 12.)
HaneqaTaHo no pacnopaweHiso Hmiiepatopckoh ÁKaseMin Hayna,. C.-ÍIeTep6ypn>, HHBapt 1879 rosa
HenpcMt.HHiji! CeKpeTapt, AKaaeunfà, K. Becejioeatut.
EMTEPHHA II BT» IlEPEIMCKli CT. rPHMMOAIT».
(AKa^esiiiKa H. K. T p oia.)
Kl, H3BÍCTH0H ÄO CÍIX'b íiop'b, H3yMHTejbHgH yżKC HO CBOGH OÓ-
mapHOCTH, nepeiuiCK'fe EKaxepHiibi II npiicoeAHHaeTca ptjibm tomt, mice.MT, ea K'b OAiiüMV jniuy, HMCHHO ht, <i>pamiy3CKOMy nncaTe.no rpn.MMy '). Mbi 3naeMT> khkt, ona ptm ua Ąn^po n A'A.ia.nöepa, KaKT, 0/KIIB.ieHbI ÖbMH CH CIIOIHeHÍH CT> BojlbTepOMT,, HO IIH CT, KÍMT, oHa ne nepeiiHCbiBaaacb takt, Miioro 0 nocToaimo, Kam, ct, Tpmi- MOMT,. Bbun, npaßAa, Aßt AaMbi, r-aui Geoffrin 11 Bjelke, m> koto- pbiMT, iiucbMa HMiiepaipimbi 1 2) no CBoeü oTKpoBemiocTii HtcKo.ibKo noAXOAflTT, Krb ßecfeAaMT, en ct, bthmt» jihiiomt,, ho oiiii He MoryTT» CpaBHHTbCH C'b HOCJltAHHMH HH Bb ÖOraTCTßt COAepHíauia, HH Bb
ApyiKCCKOM'b TOIlt, HH HaK01IC‘U,T, BT, OÖIHHpHOCTH H npOAOJKKHTejIb- HOCTH nepeniiCKH. ÜHCbMa ea kt, FpHMMy iioxonni, na ahcbiiiikt,, bt, KOTopoMT, asTopt HenpHiiyatAeHHO OTAaeTT, ctoeMy coÖectAHHKy ox- HCTb bt, nepe?K0BaeMbixT> hmt, coóbiriaxT,, BneaaTJitHiaxT, 0 3ana- xiaxb, BbicKa3biBaen, cboii B3rjiaAbi na .nipa n A't.ia, cboh hui retí- ckííi.0 iiojiHTHHecKia npaBHJia, cboh iiaMtpema h naAentAbi. To.ilko kt, r - æ t BbeabKe 0kt, FpHMMy EKaxepmia nncajia npano nanHCTo; kt, FpHMMy HHoe niicbMO ea Tiiiiy.iocb iicaLhi, paaie Mtcapbi, u n , tym me CKasaxb, oho cocTaB.m.iocb h3t> pt.iaro paAa nnceMb, nona iiaKoiiem, oSpa30Ba.iacb ôojite hjih Mente oôbeMHCTaa TeTpaAb.
1) Tomt, XXIII CßopuuKa IlMnepamopcucno Pyccmio IIcmopimecKcao 06m,';- jcmea, n.'uaHHi.itl H. K. r p 0 t0 mt>. Cnó. 1878.
2) Ohii nane<iaïaHi,i BT>-TOnaxT> X u XIII Cóopmtna Hem. Oôm,.
2
’-Ie.lOBtK'B, KOTOpblii B "b TRKOH CXeneiIH JM'iiJ'b CIlHCKaXb AOB'fe- pie ii noA^epauiBaTb uoxpeôuocxb ooipom a ex, h h m i bb rem ajibuoii HteHimuri;, He M o rt He odia^aT i, 3aMtHaxejbHbiMii KaxecxBaMH. Ha- MipeBaHCb COOÔLU,HXb 3A'fcCb H'ÈKOTOpbOI O IieMX, CB’fvVfeniH, fl AOA-
îkchx> iipej,BapHTejibHO 3aM'i>TiiTb, 4tobc£ MaxepiaJibi, Kanie M ut y/ia- jo c b oxbiCKaxb A-ifl 6iorpa<i>in PpiiMMa, AaxeKO neyxoB.iexBopnxe.ibHi.i CO cxopoilbl X04H0CXII H OfîCTOHXCXbHOCXH H3B’ÊCXiH. IÎ3AaHHbie IIOA'b e ro HMeHeMi) MeMyapbi OKa3biBaioxcfl hoajiojkhbimh ’ ); a a x tix b ao- CTOB'fepH'ÎîHIUIIMH HCXOHHHKaMII Bb OXHOUieiliH K’b HeMy AO.GKUbI 6bIXb npH3Haiibi: ßiorpatpHflecnaa cxaxba o hcmx> ßbiBuiaro ceKpexapa ero, Meücrepa 2); Mewyapbi i-hih A’BuflHa, e t Koxopow rpnMJix> Ha- xoAH.iCfl Aoaro bx> eaMoii KoporKofi npiasHti 3), h «Confessions» Pycco; ho cxaxba Meücxepa ne öojiie Kant ôtrjibiü onepivt; HHnra r-JKH A’Bnnna coo6in,aext Konexuo MHoro AaiiHbixt ;;jia oiiîh k h jiha-
hocxii I piiMwa, ho Kacaexca xojibko OAHoro nepioaa ero hîhbhh, npii- xoM'b He mojkcxx. ox.iH'iaxbCfl 6e3npncxpacxieMx> h Booôme ne ninfeext exporo HcropimecKaro xapaKTepa; naKOHept, axo Kacaexca noKa3a- Hiiî Pycco, AOBO.ibiio enasaxb, qxo, Bt c.xtACXBie paanwxt HCAopa.xy- MÎHifi h cnaexeHt Bt icpyry 3HaKOMbixx> r-aai A’9 nnH3, ohx> H3x> Apyra TpiiMMa cA'PmcH oæecxo'iennbi.vrb BparoMt ero, h BcerAa 0T3biBaeTca o hcmx> ate-raio, acKaiKaa caMbie *i>aKXbi. 3axPMXi CBt- Atnifl, naxoAHMbia o PpiiMMÎi Bt 6iorpa<i>nnecK0X'b cJioBapaxt hApy- rnxx> iiocoßiaxt, ne ncoKma h Bcxynaeiiifl kx> ero «Correspondance littéraire» 4), noBXopaioxt ôojibineio nacxiio TOJibKO xo, qxo pa.xcf.fiHO Bt 3X0xb ncTO'iHHKax’b. Pycco ôbixb npiiHimoio, qxo x-paHuyacKaa KpnxnKa AOJiroe BpeMa ne Morjia ocboôoahxbch oxt npeivötaueiufl npoxHBb PpaMMa; Sainte-Beuve, nepBbiü, oxAaxb e.viy no.nryio cupa- BeAJHBoexb h optiiiun, no AOcxonHCXBy MHoroxoMiiyto ero
«Koppe-!) Mémoires politiques et anecdotiques inédits du baron de Grimm, trad, de Zinmann. Paris 1830.
2) J. H. Meister Mélanges de philosophie, de morale et de littérature. Genève 1822, t. II.
3) Mémoires de M-me d’Epinay, éd. de Boiten. Paris 1876.
4) Cm. Biographie universelle, t. XVIII. Paris 1817. — Nouvelle biographie générale, t. XXII Paris 1858. — Correspondance littéraire, philosophique et critique de Grimm et le Diderot. Paris 1829, t I. Ntfte biographique sur Grimm.
EKATEPHHA li BX> nEPEHMCKIs (Jb l'PüJJMOM'b. 3 CnOHAeHUiK)», C03BâBlülICb, B T O OHa CJiyatlLia l’JiaBHblMX) HCTOHHMKOM'b «Causeries du lundi» ajih jnrrepaxypbi
Bceü
Bxopoü iiojiOBHHbi XVIII CXO.ltxiil. Oui ZKe, OTHOCHTe«lbHO 0X3bIB0BX> PyCCO O TpHM- mé, npaMO Ha3biBaexx> nepBaro JiHcen,oinx>. Ho, roBopa oôx> oôcxoh- Te.ibCTBax'b JKH3HH FpuMMa, neBOSMOîKiio, rio nM’ÉioipuMca maxepia-JiaMX, Ch I10JHI0K) TOMHOCTitO B03CXaiI0BHXb IIOC.l'ÈAOBaxe.lIbHOCXbH3-MÎHeHÜi bx> xoaê cyAbôw ero ao c6.inæenia cb EKarepunoio II. Boamieio oruexauBOCxiio oxjuuiaioxca ôiorpa^uaecKia o HeMx> CBrfe- A'fcHia, noMijmeHHbia bx> H3BÎiCTHOiMx> coumieniu TexxHepa ’), koxo- pbiü OT'îacxii uojib30Bajiea BCToamiKaiin, HeAoexynHbiMii «xpamiy:;- ckiîmxi .itixcparopaM'b, nanp. iiepeuncKoio TpiiMMa ex, FoxineAOMX> h AOKYMeuxaMU apxHBa bx> Toxf,, ito, kx> coJEajÎHiio-, TexxHep'b Aaexx> B'hpy xanaie h iioAA'FiamibiM'b MeMyapaM'b Fpinrvia * 2), h Ha ochobu- iiin nxx^ bbiboahxtj jioæHbia saKJUoaeHia o ero xapaKxepk, cxHxaexh ero Hanp.-xaHHbiMT) nojHxiixecKHMx. areHxoïrt pa3Hbixx> npaBii- xe.ibCXBrb /Ixa arioxii ;i;c CHomeHin FpnjHMa c'b EKarepimoio il
(1774 — 1796 r.) BaæirMmiiMXi u HecoMHÎHHbiM'b hcxohhhkomx> aiyainTB c&mhmx> iimx> cocxaBjeimaa noxpoônaa HcxopuaecKaa 3a- nncKa (HaneaaxaHnaa bo II tomî
CÔopmim Hcmop. 06m.),
bx> ko- xopofi oirb anepraaecKH oxKJOnaexx. oxx ceôa Bcanoe noAoaptuie bx> nepexaut iio.nixHaecKiixi) îisB'Êcxiii HMiiepaxpaut, ja h bx> ea nucbMaxx> ulvrii tiaKanoro npiuiiaKa, axoôbi OHa nojiyaajia oxi, nero xaroro poAa coodtpeHia.‘EpHApux'b MejibxiopX) Fpn.uMx,, poaomx Htiietrb, Hcnbrrajrb ao- BO.ibno p^AKyio yaacrb: cx> nepecejieHiejrb bx, napHHtx> Ha 25 jiix- aejix. B03pacxt ohx> coBepuieinio uepepoatAaexca bo <i>paHiiy3a ha_ïi
-*) H. Hettner. Literaturgeschichte des achtzehnten Jahrhunderts, t. II. 2) B i nncbMh EKaTepiiHbi kb rpnimy oti> 30-ro iroHH 1787 rojta (CTp. 415), ynoMiiHaeTcn o KanoMB-To otpubkL h3b 3anncoKB ero; sto noKa3biBaeri>, uto ohb yjKe Torw A'hücTBHTejiBHO 3aHHiia.rca cocTaBaeHieMij cboiixb 3anncoKB; bb
HanenaTaHHbixi) we n o » ero HMeHesn, MeMyapaxB cKasano, uto ohb nncaat
uxbbb Bort, ohb »HaB ToabKO c'b 1795 r. Bb stoü KHHrh ecm n jrpyria npoTHBop-h'iia cb «paKTaMH, KOTopnie n3BaeKaioTCH H3B H3AaHH0i“i Tenepn nepe- niicKii, a TaK*e h3b jocTOBipnofi, hmb cocTaBaeHHofi ncTopiinecKoii sanucKH, o KOTOpOÜ Mbl rOBOpHMB BB TeKCTh.
4
jiaerca oahhmt, H3t, 3aMtaaTejibHtiimiixT, npeAcraBUTc.ieíi juiTepa- Typbi CBoero HOBaro OTeaecxBa. Cmht, jnoTepaucKaro nacTopa bt, PereHcôyprfe, oht> poAiuca 26 AeKaôpa 1723 roAa, cjljAOBaxejibHO 6bijn> OKOJio luecxn jiêtt, c'rapine pyccKoä HMiiepaxpimbi. JltoôonbiT- HO cxoACTBO bt, hxt, cyAböi: EnaTepHHa II Tanate poAHJiacb bt, FepMaHin h Haïujia CBoe npii3BaHie bt, Apyroii CTpaHt; hajih Hea xaKate a3biKT, HOBaro OTeaecTBa CAtJiajica poAHbisrb, ho eme c i AÍTCTBa OHa yCBOHJia Ce6t 4>paHpV3CKÍH H3bIKT> KAKT, CBOH COÓCTBeH- Hbiił, ii jKHBOCTb yiia Fpiunia, ct, 3THMTJ opyAieMT, COOSlliGHifl, He Morjia He cnocoßcTBOBaTb, bt, 3HaaHTejibHoii CTeneHH, ero côjü- ateuiio ct, rocyAapi.ineił, 05pa30BaHie oni) nojiyaaii bi .leiinmir- ckomt, yHHBepcHTeTl), i’Afc nojib30Bajica MeacAy npoairaT, yponaMH 3Ha- MeHHTaro <i>iuo.iora 3piiecxii, n yate TorAa npoöoBa.n, cboiicium bt, aBTOpCTB’fe, BT, II033ÍH, HO IIHCajIT, IlO-Ht.MeHKH H BCTYHH.IT, BT, nepe- IIneKy CT, Fotuicaomt,, cjiLavh cTporo ero xeopin; r.iäBHbiMT> xpy- AOM'b ero Bb 3X0 Bpema 6bi.ia xpareAia «EaHH3a», biiocjiíactbíh u HaueaaTaHHaa roxuieAOMT, bt, coópamn ApaMaxiiaeciinxT, coanHeiiiii; ho, HanncaHHaa hobcímt, npaBHJiajn, CTapoii uiKOJibi, 6e3T, Bcanaro OAyixieBJienia, ona KOHeaHO He Jior.ia 3aHHTb noaeTHaro wtCTa bt, jinTcpaxypL.
üo OKonaaHin YHnBepcHTexcnaro Kypca, TpiiMMb nocxynmn, ce- KpeTapeMT, kt, nocjiaHiiHKy caKCOHCKaro Kyp<i>HCxa npii iiMnepcKosn, ceÜM’fe, rpa«>y UlsHÖepry (<i>paimj’3bi iia3biBaK>xT, ero IIIoMßepoMb), h aepe3T, HtcKö.ibKO .tŁtt,, bt, kohitŁ 1748 haubt, naaajit 1749 roAa, OTiipaBMca bt, IlapiiiKT, ct, cbmosiT, axoro bojilmoikh, bt, i;a- aecTßt HacxaBHiiKa A'fcreii ero. Xoth BnocxfeACXBiii cmv hcx;ibh.ih bt, 3acjiyry, htooht, hokhhjmt, OTeaecxBo h.3t, npiiBepaieiniocxii kt, axOMy ceMeflcTBV, hobt, cviuhocth nyxemecTBie bt, CTOJiimy, caa- TaBuiyioca aeuxpouT, BKyca ii ii.iinmioii .nrrepaTypbi, He öbi.io iio- JKepTBOBaHiewT, ct, ero CTopoHbi, xLmt, öo.xfee htooht, yate npeacAe npHJieatHO H3yaajn> <i>paHHy3CKiä H3biKT,. Cbh3u, KOTopbia oht, BCKopi npioöptüT, bt, üapnatfe, u 3aHHToe hmt, xaiin, BiiAHoe no- JioateHie npnKOBa.ni ero kt, <Ppaimin ao 1792 roAa, itorAa pe- BOJHopia 3acTaB0ja ero B03BpaTHTbca bt, repMadio. Il3b
EKATEPHHA II B B IIEPKHHCKt CT, rPH M M O M B. 5 HHKa yFroi'í LUáHóepra ohb CKopo cyfc.ia.icH htchomb canceiiB-roT- cnaro Hac.rï>;ii[aro npinma, a iiotomb nocTynajiB onaTb cenperapeMB kb caKcoimy ace, rpa<i>y «PpaseHy (von Friesen, bo <i>paHpy3CK0H ne- pejrk.iKF Frièse), KOToptiü nocjrfc UJÔHÔepra nojiyqnxB nocTTb ko- Man;i,Hpa H’fejiemcHXB .rparynoBi,; 3to Gbi.ib njeMamiaKB Mapma.ia Mopima CaicconcKaro, Be.im;ocB'fcTCK¡ii pasaparamcB, oGíoaiiiibui cBoiiMH ycnbxaMH Goxfee 3HaTHOMy pojCTBy, hFmb cbohmb .ihmhbimb KanecTBaMi). TaniiMB oôpaaoMB Fpa.wMB, npa cbogmb ocrpoMB yM'fc h oGuinpHbixT. no3Haiiiax,b, kb KOTopbiMB npacoeAHHBJica em,e n Ta xa htb kb My3biKf>, cyftjiajiCH jhoGhmmmb coGecÉAHHKOMB B'b bbic- hiomb ooinecTBt, a Bcicop'fc c6.th3h.ichhco MHoraMa juiTepaTopaMH. riacTop-b roTCKaro npanpa n03HaK0MH.irb ero c i Pycco, a stotb BBe.iB ero bbaomb r-aca a’3iihh3 h oô.ierqnjiB eiiv cGnaacenie cb apyrHMH nHcaTejRMH, cb MapnonreacMB, JlyoKJio, JJaApo, TojibGa- xomb, n Booôipe cb sHpaKJioneincTaMH; cb A’AjiaiviGepoMB FpiiMMB comejcfl, KaaceTca, eme y ILümôepra. ripamma Henpo<mocTa Apy*-
6bi ero cb Pycco aaïuiKraxacb, 6o3b comufana, bb xapaiîTepf 060- bxb: cboahob CToponbi CTporaa nojioacaTejibHocTb, TBepAOCTb a p t- maTejibHOCTb cyacAemii, cb apyroii nepeBfcB ayBCTBa a Booôpaace- aie npa pa3flpaæBrre.ibH0MB xmecaaBin aojihchm 6bua aaBaTb no-BOAB KB aaCTblMB CTOJIKHOBeHÍHMB, KOTOphlH He MOCJiB He npHBe- cth naKoaeuB kb pa3pbiBy; ho naio oraarb FpaMMy cnpaBejimiBOCTb,
hto ohb in, 3toh pacfipF BejiB ce G a ropa.'bio (fiaropo/mte CBoero GbiBmaro npiaxejia: iiarAÍ bb cbohxb 0T3biBaxB o coHHiieHiaxB P ycco ohb ne nojuiajicH qyBCTBv mecía. a BcerAa cb VBaaceHieMB roBopii.rb o ero xa .3 a a r t .
OnapoBaTeabHaH cbohmb vmomb h jno6e3HOCTbio, cama aBTopB a noaTB, acena OTKynmaKa (fermier général), r-aca a’3ihih3, bb AOmF KOTopoii, to bb caiioMB napaacf, to bb npeKpacHOMB ea hmF- HÍH BB OKpeCTHOCTflXB CTOJIHgbl, CXOAHAHCb JIHTepaTypHbia 3HaMeHH - tocth Toro BpesieHa, Gbuia necqacxHa cbohmb SpaKOMB cb qejiOB’fe- KOMB, XOTH H ÔOraTMMB H 06pa30BaHHb]MB, HO JierKOMbICJteHHblMB, nycTMMB a pacToquTeJibHbiMB. npaBH3aiiHOCTb ea kb TpajiMy iipanajia nfacHbia xapaKTepB ocoGenHO cbtFxb nopB, KaKB ohb na oahomb
6 H. K. r'POTli,
oôtat. ex npiflTejiflMflv rpa<i>a ‘Ppiisena BCTymuca .sa ea aecrb n no- tomtjJiajKe BbiAepacajiT, noeAtiHOKT, ct, r.iaBHbWT» hst, ea oôBHHHTejieü. yTBOpHîaajm. ôy^TO OHa yraïua hynnaTOJKHJia noiiaBmifi ira ea pv- kh ÆOKyMeurb o HacjitacTBt ea poACTBemnmhi; bt, æapy cnopa rpn.MMb naKoaeiiT) o6T,HBiun,, hto TOJibuo tott,, kto cawb uajio ao-
poJKUTf aecTiio, Moæen, TaKT, .lerKO ÔeaaecTHTb ApyraxT,. Æys.ib, iiocjif.aoBaBiiiaa sa sthmt, bt, caay, oôonuiacb A-ia oôohxt, iipotub- hiikobT) JierKHMH paHaMn. Bcnopt 3aTepaHiibiii AOKyMeiirb oTbicnaji- ca n ô.niCTaTe.TbHO onpaBAajrb nocTyiioK'b PpniiMa. E.iaroAapnocTb r-jKn a’9iihh3 CKptnHJia CBa3b, KOTopaa npoAOJiæaJiacb ao kohiw ea JKH.3HH (f 1783 r.). 3th OTHomenia BiiocitACTBin 0Tpa3n.incb h bt, nepemichi; TpHMMa c i minepaTpnpeio: bt, miCbMaxT, kt, nejiy EKaTepiiHbi II r-ata a’3ii0H3, ct, CBoeio khiipok) «Conversations
d’Emilie»,
ct, CBoeio Bayanoio Mllede
Belzuncen
ea AtTbMH, arpaeTT, neMaji0Baænyio po-ib. Bt, cbohxt, 3anHCKaxT, r-æa a’3hhh3HaaepTbiBaeTT, MeatAV iipohhmt, «nopipeTT, r. TpmiMa», KOTopbia TaKT, Ha'ianaeTca: «jlapo ero npaBHTca cocAHiiouiein, iipocTOAvmia ct, TOHKOCTbio; y Hero HHrepecHaa <i>n,3ioHOMia, bt, HapyæiiocTii ero Booôipe CKa.sbmaeTca HeôpejKnocTi,; ero atecTbi, ocaima n noxoAKa BbipaacaiOTT, AOdpOTV, CKpOMIIOCTb, Jlf,Hb n HVBCTBO HCJI0BK0CTII
(embarras)». ^ajibe ona roBopim, weîKAy npoamn,, hto «y aero
ymt, BbpHbiii. npoHnuaTejbubiH n rJiydoKÜi ; oht, mwcahtt, n Bbipa- HtaeTca piano, iio 6e3T, CTporoii npaBii.iMiocTH». Ho ojiona.'.n, Pvc-
co, o ht, 6bi.n, BbicoKaro pocra hHMi.rb MyTHbie rjiaaa, KOTopbie
OAHaKoæT, hg Mima.in ewy BbicKa3t,iBaTb ôOAbinia npeTeH3in ; oht, 6vato 6bi 6b.ni.icH n iiotomv npiaTe.in bt, nacMiniKy naBBa.in ero Tvran-le-Blanc (sar.iaBio oAHoro crapiiniiaro poMaaa, o kotopomt, EKaTepima II ynoMimaerb bt, cB0Hxrb sanucKaxT,); no ApyroMy to.i- KOBaHiio 3to npo.TBHipe 6i,i.to HaMenoMT, na ero HicKOJibKo canona- Aiaimbrii toht, ii.in Aa?KC AecnoTimecKin iipaBT,, Kofopbifi ne hyhut, .6bi.n, eMV ho co3Haiiiio Apyra ero, /(mpo. JlyqimiMi CBHAtTe.ib- ctbomt, bt, nojb3y PpiiMMa cAVHîaTT, Ten.ibie o hgmt, 0T3biBbi ero 6i,iBinaro ceapeTapa MeiicTepa. r/(.ia noAiiarocyjKAenia o TpmiMt ni, ero aacTHOii jkh3hh mm miboMT, cjuilukomt, iia.io AaiiHbixT,; hto
na-EKATEPHHA II B b nEPEnHCKíi C'b rPHMMOMt. 7
cuexca ero o6in,ecTBeHnaro n MTepaxypHaro xapaKTepa, to miiKe Mbl VBHAHMT., HTO O MIXT) MOHCHO COCTaBHTb Ce6t AOBOJIbHO B'fepiIOe noHBTie.
n o crf CMepxn rpa<i>a «Opiiaena ohx>, SjiaroAapa noKpoBiiTe.ih- ctbv repnora OpjieancKaro, nojiyHiunb mLcto cenpeiapa npii aiap- majit A53cTp3 (d'Estrées), h bt> stomij KanecTBi, bi> 1756 roAy, conpoBoatAa.ii ero Bb BecT<i>a.ibCKOM'b iioxoaF , npeAnpHHaroait •PpanuyaaMii, BbHaHajrfc CcMiuitrncii bohhbi, nponiBb Elpycciu, C'b
1770 roAOBt, iiocjit nyTemecTBia Bb Pocciio, HaniraaeTCH Aunjio-
aiaTiiqecKoe nonpnme FpnMMa: ao caaiaro ocTaB.ieniíi ñapunta Brb cjiíactbíg peBOJnopia onb ocxaBajcn xaaib nocjiaHHHKOMb canceHb- roTcitaro ABopa.
riepBMMTb jiHrepaTypHbiMT) rrpyAOMT>, AOCTaBiiBinmn. cmv n.3- bFctbocti,, Si.ijia Cpounopa «Le petit prophéte de Boemischbroda»,
iiarmcaHiiaa HMb no noBOAy criopa, BOJiHOBaBinaro ílapiiataHi, o
TOMb, Kanaa My3biita Bbiuie — <i>paHny3CKaa, hjjh nTajiimicitan. üo- boat> Kb pa3florAac¡K) noAa.w npHóbiBinie Bb Ilapnarb Bb 1753 r. HTaaiancKie ntmibi. FpiiMMb npncTaAb Kb upuBcpatenoaMb hobh3- Hbi, iibt> cBoeií aainnxt oóHapyjKHXb xaitb smoro Becejioii hpohíh, aro cajn> Bojibxepb, npowiTaBb fípomiopy ero, He Morc> ne OTAaTb cnpaBeA.HiBOCTii ero ocTpoyMiio.
3totb ycnfexi. 'ipesBbriaiifio no3Bbicn.rb FpnMMa, n commeme ero Bb KopoTKoe BpeMfi nepc3Kn.io Tpii ii3AaHÍa. Bcnopt emy yaa- aocb co3AaTb ce6L HOBoe nonpnm,e JiarepaTypHOÜ A'íiírre.ibHOCTii. 3to 6hua «JirrepaTypnaa KoppeciioHAenu,in» cb H'fecKOJibKHMH Kopo- HOBaHHbum ocoóajn, KOTopaa mhjio no uajiy CA'Liaaacb cnenia.ibiio- criio FpnMMa. Olía cocxoa.ia iib aaMtxitaxb 060 Bctxb TeKyipnxb iJB.ieiiiaxb <i>panny3CK0Ü jinxepaxypbi, B'b BbicoKoii erenemi inrrepe- coBaBineii ocTajibnyio EBponv. CnepBa xanvio KoppeciiOHAenniio ex, O A H IIM b repMaHCKHM’b (caKCeilb-rOTCKHM b) ABOpOMb CKpOMIIO Be.o> n3BrfecTiibiü aBTopx> «IlcTopin o6tnxb Hhaíh», Peiina.ib; ho oirb Bb 1753-Mb roAy nepeaajii ee FpmiMy, iioat> n e p O M b KOToparo ona BCKopfe AOCTnrjia dojbmoro pa3Bnxifl, ñjiaroAapa KpimriecKOMy Ta ja nxy aBTopa hHC3iiaMiire,ibiiocxii TorAamnen nepioAH'iecKoir
nena-8 fl. K. r P O T T i ,
TH. MaJio no stajy HHTaTejiHMH otoh JiHTepaTypHO# jiLtoiihch cjfejia- .incb, KpoM'ï; paanraxT Me.naixT, B.iaA'fcTCJibHbixT, npimneBT Fepiianin, «í’pnApnxT, I I , LUBeACKaa Kopo-ieBa (matl TycTaBa III), EnaTepnua
II h CTaHHCJiaBTj ÍIohhtobckíh. CHomeHifl rpniiMa ct> pyccKHMt ABopoMi Hanajincb, ckojbko mhI. H3bï;cthoh3t, A'Fn, FocyiapcTBen- Haro apxnna, ci» 1764 roAa; BCKopfe oht> cTa.n, nocbuaTb iiomîi- HyTyio KoppecnomeimiK) bt, ôeTepôypn, h CA’LJiaJicn KOMiiccioHe- pOMT, rocyAapbiHH, Hanp. ynacTBOBa.n, bt, nocpeAHHHecTBii iipn no- KynK't GhG.iíotgkh Æhapo. Ho otoii Tarn»- CKa3aTi, nnpKyjiapHoii nop- pecnoHAeupin ero ne aojiikho CMtiuHBaTb ci, tok>, bt, KOTopyio ci, 1774 roA,a yAOCTOH.ia BCTynHTb c i hhmt, jihhho pyccKaa imnepa- Tpnpa. npeîKHflfl KoppecnoHAeunia ero Morjia takt, naabiBaTbca TOIbKO BT, TOM!, CMblCxfc, BT, KaKOMT, H HbIHfle 03IiaHaK>TCfl 3THMT, HMeHeMT, H3BtcTia, peryjiflpHO AocraBJiHeMbia h3t, OTAajienHhixT, MÍCTT, BT, ra3eTbI. TaKHMT, 06pa30MT, FpHMMT, MOHteTT, CHHTaTbCfl nepBMMT, JIHTCpaTypHblMT, XpOIIHKëpOMT, XYIII CTOJltTiH; A'tjIO 3TO 6bi.io AJi a Hero He m i b ko noaerHO, hoh npnôhiJibHa, takt, kaki,, KpO.MÍl KOpOHOBaHHblXT, OCOfrb, O HT, COOßma.TT, KOnÍH CT, CBOHXT, KoppecnoHAeHniü hnacrabiMT, .innain, h3t, n.iaTbi, cocTaBJOíBinen oßbiKHOBeimo no 300 <i>paHKOBi, bt, toat». 9to aanarie npoAOJUKa.n, oht, noHTH 40 .TÊT!,, T. e. ao 1790 roía, KorAa K0Hem>.T0Mv no- .lOJKH.ia 'i'patmyacKaa peBOjnonia. H no'rrn bo Becb otott, nepio.iT, om, HcnojHiflJiT, npeAtipHHflToe a4jo oahht,, tojibko Ha Bpeiia cbohxt, OT.ivneKT, nopyqaa ero CBoeiiy ceKpeTapio (MeiíCTepy), h.ih Apyry
JlHApo.
.liiTepaTvpHbifl cyíKAenifl Fpiniwa oôHapyatHBaiOTT, bt, nenn,
MHoro nponnnaTejibHOCTH hBKyca, n craBarb ero ropa3AO Bbime ,1a-
rapna n bcíxt, ApyrnxT, <i>paHny3CKHXT> kphthkobt, Toro Bpoiienn: ero
npnroBopbi hobbi, cm-Lim hmítkh; pf,,iKo oht, oninGaaca bt, ouf.HKf,
Aaace aB.iaBnnixcfl bt, nepBbiii paai, nncaTejieñ, mécto KOTopbiXT,
cpaay onpe.rkin.rb, takt, hto npewa noATßepAH.io ßojbuiyio nacTi,
ero 0T3MB0BT,. O npeiKHHXT, riHcaTe.iaxT, einy ne nacTO c.iynajiocb BbiCKa3biBaTbca; no, Kacaacb hxt,, oht, TaKace He h3M'Lhhjit, ceö'fe:
-T3H?i h ocoÔeHHO IIIeKcnnpa, KOTopbiñ Toraa eipe BOBce ne ôbijib
optuein, bo <ï>paHpia. TaKB ace Btpuo oui. cvahjib o coBpeiweHHOH iiiMenKOH .THTeparyp't, h yaie bhaEib bb Heii 3apio 6jm3Karo bo3- poïK/ienia. O rayôHut ero nojniTHuecKaro y Ma c bh ,yf>TC a b ex bvctb to, . htoohb eui,e bb 1 7 7 0 -x rb roAaxB npeAyCMaTpHBa.n> bb HeAajieKOMB
ÔyAymeMB Heii361;?KHOCTb oomecTBemiaro uepeBopoTa bb EBponi;. (eTirrepaTypiiaa KoppecnoiiAOiinin» x) TpiiMwa bb nepBBiii p a a t 6i.ua H3;i,aHa bb 15-th tomhxb bb 181 2 ro/;y, npn ueMB Miiorin MtcTa TOKCTa He 6h u w Aonymeiun kb iianenaTaiiiio: 3to 3acTaBHJio OAiioro <i>paimy3CKaro Kpimn;a iio/i,hbhïbcîi , hto uanoaeoiiOBCKaii pensypa Hamjia c.ihiiikomb bojibiibimb jum e A3biKB KoppccnoHAeirra pyccKoü íiMiiepaTpnpbi. Bnocjií>ACTBÍn bcê hcoiohchiimîi H3B nep- Boiia'ia.ibiiaro n3Aaiiia M'fecxà 6i>uii HanenaTaHbi OTAÍnuiuMB to- MOMB, KOTOpblH H COCTaBHJIB AOIIOJUiede KB npeJKHHMB 15-TH.
H.3B BC'ÊXB TOIIICAIUHXB AO HaCB CbIíAÍHÍH O jlHHIIOCTH FpiiMMa MOatHO 3aKJHOHHTb, HTO OHB CB HÎKOTOpblMH CJiaÔOCTHMH, OTHaCTH npoHCTeKâBiiiHMH H3B caMbixB o6cToa,re.ibCTB'b ero atlI.SHH, COeAH- hhjib iiecoMntHHbia AOCTormcnsa. Heo6biKHOBennoe 3HaHie ciiFra h .iKAeü 06e.1noHHBa.10 eMy ycntxB bb BbicuiHXB c<i>epaxB oGipecTBa. dpiUpiI.XB II, KOTOpblH .IH’IHO 3H3JIB TpUMMa H TaKHte B6JIB CB HHMB OTKpOBCHHyiO HCpenHCKy, IIOAM'i.THJIB BB HCMTi 3Ty CTOpOHy II roBopn.iB, htoneMiiorie bb TaKoii CTeneHii, kokb oiib, ofriiaAaïOTB
y.Mf.iibCMB oftpaipaibca cb 3HaTHbiMii hcimcKHBaTb hxb pacnojioate- nie, ne atepTBVfl cboGoaoio mbicjih h neiaisnciiMOCTbio xapaKTepa. MeiiCTepB paBHbiMB o6paioMB xisajia bb FpiiMM-fe sto KanecTBO, yKa3biBaeTB Ha paHO pa3BHBmeeca bb hcmb yôtaîAenie, hto caMoe no.ie3Hoe bb amana cbohctboecTb TaKTB bbCHoiueHiaxB cbjhoabmh,
— to, hto fI>paimy3bi iia3biBaioTB esprit de conduite.
n o c j í Bcero axoro hhmb CTaHOBiiTcn noHimibiMB to odaaTejib- Hoe BnoHaT.rtnie, KOTopoe TpiiMMB npon.3Be.iB na EKaTepnny II, Korja, vate 6y;iyHii iiiB-fccTeiiB eii no CBoeii «.iliiTepaTypuoii Koppcc- noiu,eimi0», no cbohmb cbhihmb cb oniuiKJioneAiiCTaMii, ohb
npcA-EKATEPHHA II BB nEPEDHCKB CB ITHMM0MB. 9
1 0 H. K. r P O T l ,
CTaBiucfl eii bt, ceHTHôpt 1773 roAa. ripitxaBT, bt, neTepßypre, bcjiíat, 3a ,iianju'pa<i>H[ieH recceirb-AapMiuTaATCKoii no cjiynaio ópa- KocoBeTaiiia Aonepii
en
c i BejmKHMT, Kna3eMT, naBjOMT, lleTpo- bhhcmt,. yTBepAHBiiiiiicü Tor^a Meac/ty HMnepaTpnn,eio hmn> sajiy- uieBHbia OTiiomema, ocHOBamibia Ha iiojihomt» noHUMamn ApyrT, Apyra, npoA03?Kajiicb aocaMoii kohhhiili rocyAapbiim hBbipa3HJiucb BT, H3AaHH0H Ilblllt McTOpiHOCKOMT, 06lH,eCTBOMT, IiepeilHCK'fe. OÔT, 3THXT, OTHOineniflXT, CAMT, OUT, BnOCJltACTBÍH COCTaBH.1T, ynoMany- tvk> Bbime iioApoßiiyio Tannery; mbi Bocuojibsyeiicfi cio bt, Aa.iwitii- îueMT, pa3ci(a3f, cBoeiiT,.Ha Apyroii ace AeHb iiocjrt nepuaro iipcACTaBiemaTpiiMMa. hm- nepaTpima npe.n, reHepana Eayapa npeAJioæHjia eiuy BCTynurb bi. pyccKVK) cjiyJKôy. TpmiMT,, boBce Bpewa CBíiAeñmaxT, npa3AuecTBT>, ne AaBa.iT, ptmmejibiiaro OTBtTa; no OKOHnamn are hxt>, 3aMtnaH H'IiKOTopvK) kt, ce6t xojioAHOCTb, iipocHJiT, ayAieHipii. BenepoMb CJiriiAyfoiH,aro ahh tiMiieparrpnna iipimaaa ero Bb cbocmt, KaômieTt. «BoHAH», rOBOpHTT, OHT>, «H yBHAtjIT, BT, HCH T0 BejnmaBoe Bbipame- Hie AOCTOHHCTBa, KOTOpOe ÔbUIO CH TaiîT, CBOÎiCTBeimO; BT, hcmt, ho fibuo HHnero cypoBaro, h tLmt, He Mente oho cmvthjio mchh. «Mtakt,» , ii ana.T a oHa, « bi,i 5Ke.na.an oobaciiiiTbCJi co mhoh: htobw Mu t enamore?»—H OTBtnajiT,: «rocyAapbiHH, ecjin BameMy Bejui- necTBy jtoaho coxpaHHTb stott, toht,, to h AOJimem, 6vavvaa- .niTbCH, nyBCTByn, hto HeMorbßbi roBopnTb cboôoaho, h 6c.3t, bch- KOH JIO.Tb.Tbl 0THHJ1T, 6bl y BaCT, MHIiyTbl, KOTOpblH Bbl MH.Ï0CTHB0 AapHTe Milt». npH 3THXT, CJIOBaXT, HMIiepáTpHUA npHHHJia npHBtT- jiiBbiii BHAT, h CKaaajia: «CaAHTecb; noroBopiiMT, o iiamuxT, Atjiaxb».
B'b onpaBAanie CBoero iieaccjiairiii nepeiirn na c.iyatöy bt, Poc- ciio TpHMM'b cocjiajiCH na cBoe coBcpuieiinoe HC3iiaK0MCTB0 ct, pyc- CKI1MT, J13blK0MT>, Ha CBOH IIHTbAeCHTT, JltTb, HA IIOBOCTb HpeACTOHB -maro ewy nojioœeuifi npii ABopt; bt, cymnocTii me, nain, out, co- 3iiaeTCJi, ero iiyrajia Mbicjib o HenpoHiiocTii takoco noBopoTa bt, cvAböt ero. 3 ra ayAiempa iipoAOJimajiacb ßojite nojiyTopa naca; ct.
TtxT, nopT, HHnepaTpmpi nació ¡ipiirjiaiua.ia TpiiMiia bt, cboh iiokoh no BenepaMT, nocjit KapTOHHoií nrpbi; BCKopt ea öectAbi ct, hhmt,
CAt-EKATEPHHA II B'b IIEPEHIICKt CE PPMMMOMTj. 11
jajiHCt eaitwieBHhiMn, a miorAa nponcxoAHjin Aaace Gojite pasa bt
AeHb. Ho bs> <i>eBpaxfe 1 7 7 4 roAa rpnMMS. .saGojitjn> u okojio abj'xb
MicaueBE ne Mort HBJiaTbca ko ABopy. OTKJiaHHBaacb, oirb aoji- Hteni óm.itjoótiąaTb, sto iipi tiers. em,e pa.ss> nocjit iiposinicaH-
Haro emy Bpasaiin nyTemecTBia no ÜTajiin; KpoMt Toro, rocy^a- pbiHfl MHJOCTHBO noTpeGoiiajia, htoGbi ohs. iracbMeiiHo H3Btmajis> ee o ceGt. HasaBinaaca TaKHMt oGpa30MS. nepeimcna npoAOJUKajiacb ABaApaTb aba ro^a hostii iienpepbiBiio, t. e. .sa HCKJHOseHiews- TOJibKO BpeMPHU BTopnsiiaro npeGbiBania Tpumnia bs. ne-repGyprt. o™ ceHTaöpn-1776 ro.ia ao aBrycTa 177 7 roAa. 3tots. hobbiii
npitsAS. ero bs> Pocciio coBiia.rb co BTopbiMS, GpaKocoseraHieMS. BejiHKaro Kaa3a. EectAbi, KOTopbixs» EnaTepuiia II TorAa yaoctoh-
Bajia Fpinnia, (übijih eme same, ein,e npoAo.iæiiTejibiitc iipeatHHxs.: OAHa H3B I1HXT), rOBOpHTb OMB, AJIH-UCb He MeHte C6MH SaCOBS,
cpaAy.
Bo Bpeiia aroro iipeGhiBama rpniwia b i nerepGyprt esiy em,e pa3rb bo.soGhobjichqóbi.io npeatHee npeAaoHîeme. Ba. .sanncKt Cßoeii ohs> ynoMHHaeTT), sto jieiłGb-MeAHKs, Po.vKcpcoin. nopeAaBa.rb eMy npiirjiaiiieriie nMnepaTpnu,bi npiinaTb na ceGa .saBtAbißanie y s ruin- maMii, KOTopbia npe.iiio,iara.ioci. yspeAHTb iioas. iienocpeACTBeHHhiMS. HaGjHOAemeMS. rocyAapbiHH. Ho iipn 3toms> rpmiMb .saobiBaeTs. o coGcTBenriopysiiOMs, rmcbMt ea, bs> kotoJoms,, bs, GbiTHOCTb ate ero
Bi. neTepßyprfe, noBTopeHO ñbuio CKa-sarnioe iipeAJioateHie. OhoHa- nesaxaHO bs> Aono.incniax'h Krb nepenncKt (exp. 696). Bs> stoms.
nncbirfe EnaTepana upaMo BbipaataeTs., sto iipii3HaëTs> oahoto rpHMMa CnOCOÓHbIMT) AOCTOHHO IlOMOSb 6H B'b 3aAJ'MaHH0MT> x t.lt • H npocnTS) oi'B'LsaTb eii. ptaunrejibHO: «xosy hjihhc xosy, ocTaiocb hjib yfeataio, n a 6yxy oseiib paxa», npiioau.ineTS, rocyAapbiHH, «ecjni Bbi otbLthto comcHO cs> MoiiMb HiejiaiiioMs., no ñyxy VBaaiarb Baeb ne Mente, ec.iii nojiysy 0TKa3s>. Hpnueso ahbm, iijiii ne iipn- MeTe, iiocbuaio Basn» 5 t. pyGjieä, KOTopwa nocAvacarb jihGo na Bann. ofipaTHbiii nyxb, jihGoHa nepBoe 3Atcb oó.saBeAenie. Ec.m ocTaiieTecb, Raun, toaoboií oiuaxs. TOTsacs. Gyaotx Ha.snasein> u Bee iioHAfTT. nain, catAyexs., h bbi h a CKaæeMx: bots. Kain. Bbi
1 2
CA^JiajHCŁ iio.ie3ujji rocy3apcTBy, ii Bt,r 03,1111 MOJKeTe OKaaaTb rio.ibay 3toh MacTii, n Aaate óo.rfce irbn> a, noTOMy hto bbi ropa.330 Jiynuie jieHa ee nomiMaeTe». TaKOBO 6bijio 6e3rpaHHHHoe AOB-fepie HMiiepaT- pnabi kb TpHMMy; 110, He cmotph Ha bcI; sth 6.iecTHHii;i ofitmania, OH'B OCTajlCH TBepAT, Bil CBOeMT, OTKaaf, H OTBliHajT,, HTO HO HC3Ha- Hiio pyccKaro H3BiKa C H H T a e n , ce6a coBepmenno necnocoSHbiMT, kt> iipeAjaraeMoii eMy AtiiTejbuocm TPmt, ne Mcnf.e eMy noHtajOBarn, óbui, hhht, CTaTCKaro coB'i>THHKa ci. coAcpaiaiiie.MB no 2 t. pyo.ieii bt, toat>.
Ha 3T0TT, pa3T. OHT> BCTptTHJICH B'b flOTepÓyprfe 'CT, UIBeACKBMT, KopojeMi) PycTaBO.MB III 11 no.iyHH.TB otb nero uparjiaiHeHie noci- thtb Ha oópaTHOMB nyra LIIbchIk). Tani i;aKB 11 EKaTepima noiKe-
aajia 3Toro, to oht, orupaBiuiCH npe3T, <i>HiuiHH3iK) u CTOKro.ibMT,. nepenncKa ct> hbmt, rocy3apbiim B03o6noBH.iacb ct, iipeatHUMB no-CTOHHCTBOMT,. HepeBT, HtCKOJIbKO BpeMeHH, IIO BhipaJKeHIIOMy HMT> JKe.ianiio, pfcmeHo 6buo nepecbuaTb nncwia y*e ne 110 nonrf, 'ito6'bhxt> ne 3a3epacHBa.no jhoSohbitctbo HeripomeHHbixT> HHraTe- -len (npo!3MCTB 'iacTbixT uiyTOKi) HMnepaTpHpbi), a Hepe3T> ocoóbixb nypbepoBi,, Koropi.ie óy3y n , OTnpaBjiHTbca H3T, IleTepfiypra Kaac- 3bie Tpn MfccHna. Ct, 3Toro-TO ocoSeimo BpeMeim nwcbMa e t o6b- HXT> CTOpOHT. npHHHMafOTTi XapaKTepT) HOAeHHbIXT) aailHCOKT. JlePKO npeACTaBnTb ce6t, Kanoe SHanenie, BCJiiACTBie 3Toro, TpiiMMB no- jiyHHjn> bt, pjia3ax'B <i>pannY3CKaro oSmecTBa: wnorie cauraaii ero TaHHbiMi) areiiTOMT> pyccnoii HMnepaTpim,bi, onaciibun, 33h «Bpaimin. Bott, hto oht, bb CBoeii 3anncKf> B03paacaerb Ha sto: «Beanide napnaccKie noaimiKii AyMaiorb, htohhbt, napiiatf;, hii bt, Bepca.111 He mopjio cjiynuTbCfl mmoro Baamaro. saMfaiaTejbiiaro, juoSonbiT- Haro, 3aace nycToro, nero 6bi minepaTpima TOTnacT, ace ne y3Ha.na Hepe3T, MeHH BT, nOApoSlIOCTH H CO BCeiO TOHHOCTilO. Ec.HI 6bl OIIH
MOr.IH 03HaK0MHTbCH CT, 3T0H 06T,eMHCT0H nepenHCKOIO. TO OHOHb yAHBHJlHCb 6bl, He HaH3H BT, Heił FIH OAHOrO H3T, Tfon, HMeHT,, KOTO- pbiXT, HCKa.in, h Hiinero Tanoro, htóhohxt> Miitiiifo aojihciio cocra- B.THTb CYIIUIOCTb MOIIXT> nHCeMT,. OuH He 3113311 MeHH KaKT, HMIiepaT- pima, h noTOMy hmt, ho motto 6biTb H3BicTHO, 30 KaKoił CTeneim
EKATEPHHA II B T nEPEIlHCKT C E rPHMMOMT. 1 3
MH'fe iipoTHBHo BcaKoe BM’ÉuiâTejibCTBO bt ,3,-iijia, ao Mena ne Kacaio-
miaca. Mory cmtjio CKa3aTb, htoEa Be.i0aecTBo HacrojibKO Mena
YBaaiaja. hto nubaux He aaxoTtjia obi yim.iHTb Mena ao pojih
AOHocaaKa n aTO totx, kto, nacaBinn ea nocToamio, ne ycntBajiT
BbicKa3bmaTb h nojiOBHHy topo, aTO OHa cmy BHymajia, He ayBCTBO- Bajib imKaKOH oxoTbi b ut cBoeïï rojiOBbi a cepana ncKaTb jiaTepia-
jiobxa-ih naiio-iiieiuii cboiixt naKexoBT. Mory catao cKa3aTb, aTO
a HiiKor^a ne no3BO.ia.rb cedt 0T3biBaTbca /lypno o komt 6bi hh
dhi.io 113T1 ea noAAaHHbixT. aTO a HnnorAa He npoH3Hocnjix iimchii
TaKiixi) jim'b, o KOTopbix'b He mott coooipiiTb HHaero Aodparo, n
ecjia roeyAapbiiit cayaajiocb Hed/iaroiipiaxno roBopirir o komt-jihoo,
to a nocTOHHiio CTapajica BbiCTaBirrb Ty CTopony, ca> KOTopoii oui 6bi morb dbiTb oiipaBAainj, hjihiio KpaiiHeü aitpt H3BimeHT».
npiIIIOMHHMT., aTO FpiIMMT B'b TO BpCMH 3aini.Ma.1T BT HapHÎKt nocTx eaKceHT-roTCKaro nocjiaHiiHKa. Ko rua ht 1789 roAy Haaa- •iacb <i>paHuy.3CKaa peBO.nonia, to EKaTepima, iipeABiijH yrpoæaB- rnyio FpHMMy onacHOCTb, odtmaaa aaTb ewy KaKoe-iwdyAb amuo- MaTiiaecKoe na3iiaaeHie bt repuiamn, a MeatAy tFmt noBejitjia no- jioatiiTb Ha ero hmh cyMMy bt mockobckîhOneKyHCKiii cobêtt. HaAO Bnpoae.\iT 3aMtTHTb, aTO, no ero cjOBaMT, oôt stoh miîjiocthnocjit ne 6bi.io ôo^te ptaii, n oht eio He BOcnojibsoBajica, rraKT æe nain,
n no3AHte jpyroio cj’mmoh, KOTopyio oôtipa.ia CMy iiMiieparpima, narn, bhahoirix nuceMT ea, Ha noKynKy xona bt B tn t. Ho eme ropaaAO paiite, bt 1786 roAy, oht BO.aBeAeiiT 6i>ijit b t KaBajiepw 2-ü cre- neHii op^eiia cb. BjiaAiiMipa, yapeaiAeHiiaro TOJibKO 3a iitcKOJibKO upeAT TtMT jitTT. 0 6t 3tomtuoïKaTOBaiiin HMiieparpima n3BtcTmia ero btc.itAyiomHXT BbipaæeHiHXT: «Taux nairb mohsouffre-douleur caiibiii aKKypaTHbiii aejiOBtKT b t nciiojiHeHiii mohxt nopyaeHÜi, to CTaTYTT opAena cb. B.iaAHMipa AonycKacxx n Aaæe TpeoyoTX, htoôt oht 6bi.iT npiiHaTT bt aiicjio KaBajiepoBx, n no 3tiimt-tonpaaiiHairb
a nocbuaio bbmt jeHTy 2 -h ct., KOTopyio bbi HantHeTe Ha rneto h dYACTe nocHTb lia rpyiii. h 3Bt3Ay. KOTopyio bbi npiiKoaeTC npajio npoTHBT cepAna. ^ a d.iarocjiOBHTT BacT Eorx».
replia-1 4
hîh hbx. HBAepjiaHAaxTj, Kyü,a HMiiepaxpHixa h nocbuiajia kx. HeMy CBO0XX. KypbepOB'b, HO KX. 30m1; OHX. BO3BpaT0JlCH BX. IlapHÿK'b, na- MipéBaacb, ne cMoxpa Ha iioctohhho yxy/puaBuieeca aojoateme Arkxb, ocTaBax’bca xaMX., noua pyccidü nocjiaHHHKX. ne noK&Hexx. CBoero nocTa. Meat/iy x'Èmx. rocyAapb’iia, bx> cjiíactbíc xpéBOHCHbixx. h3Xj‘Dpamxin h3béctíh, cxaja onacaTbca 3a cboh niiebMa h Jipyria ôbiBmia bx> pyKaxb FptiMMa óyaiaru, hcoBtxoBa.ra eMy cmexb nxx.. TpHMMX), c i CBoeii CTopoHbi, npocmix. no3Boxenia BbuseaxH hxx. H3x> 'I’pamiiii, huaxoxnx'b axo xî.mx, 6ojtî;oneoôxoAHMbiMx., qxo Ha nero yæe yi;a3bii!a.m KOMHxexaMx. kaki Ha xe.;iOBÏ;Ka noxoapirre.ibiiaro. EjiaroAapn npiiHaxbiMx. hmx> ripeAOCxopoænocxnMx., eMy aIíhcxeii-
xejibno y^ajocb ôJiaroriojiyxHO nepeBe3xa 3x11 Aparoiitinibin pyKO- nncii bx. repMaHiio. Bx. <i>eBpaxk 17 9 2 rojxa onx. h caMX. Bbiixajib H3x> Tlapima BC-rt^x. 3a Bbi3BamibiMx. oxxy,a,a nocjiaHHiiKOMX. EKaxe- pHHb] II fClIMO.HIIIOM'b). Ilepexi OXX.feflOMX. CBOHMX. PpiIMMb ycirLn,, qcpe.xx. oahonoBÎpeiiHoe xtitio, ii3BÎ;cnixb Kopoaa n nopo- xeBy o6x> yqacxin, npnHHMaeMOMX> bx> cy/p.ô't hxx> pyccKOio HMne- paxpripeü. IIo npoci.fïf, nxx. ohx. Bbiniicajix, H3x> ea riiiceMX. kx. HeMy BCe, HXÓ KX. HHMX) OXHOCHJIOCb, H y3H8JtX> nOXOMX., HXO OHH Bbipa30JlH en nHCbMeHHO cboio upH3iiaxejibHocxb.
Bx. qi-ic.Tf’» óxaro^f.miiií, H.qjiHXbixx. EKaxepnnoio qpc3x> nocpen- cxboFpHMMa na MHoæecxBo jihux., Hejib30 ne ynoManyxb ocodemio
0 noKpoBHxcjbcxB'f; n imuocxiixx,, 0Ka3aHHbixx>, no ero xo^axaicxBy, cxojib 6xh3koheMy r - æ t a’Bhhho hea BayqKrt. üoboaomx, kx> xoMy riocjiyiK0jio ne^arornaecKoe coanHenie nepBOii, «Conversations d’Emi lie», coGxoHBinee H3X> pa.xroBopoBx. Maxepn ex. /xoqepbio ü,jihpa3BH- xia X'txcKnxx. iiOHaxiii h Ha3Haqeimoe iimchiio ,j.ja 3x0ii BHyqKH, Koxopaa bx. iiepeiiiiCK'i; ex. EpiiMMOMx. ii HBjraexca rio,xx. iiMeneux. Emilie '). Kmira axa Bbimaa bx. 1774 ro,a,y, 0 bx. Haaaji'fe cjrExym- maro FppiMMX. yace nocbuiaexx. ee HMiiepaxpniyfc, Koxopaa acxlyx. •
a. K. r p o T t ,
• l) MaTb ea, no Myaîy Madame de Belzunce, ô tu a o^hoioh3t> He3aK0HHbixT. Aouepefi r-aui ,a,’9nnH3. H3bIjctíh oôt. 3t h x i .nouepax'b ea HeTOHHbi n, KameTCa, HenojHbi. Ilpcai^c TpiiMMa üioóobhhkosh. r-aui /i,’9nnH3 ôbun. Dupin Francueil, ;i,,i’..i,rb 3HaMeHHT0i"i Hiopao.- Gan^u,.
EKATEPHHA II BT> HEPEiniCK'Iï CT, rPHMMOMT,. 1 5
3a tFmt, nauieTi), mto He MoateTT, pa3craTbça c t, 3tbmt> co'iime- nieMt hiipiiKaateri. nepeBecTii ero iio-pyccKH. Moacen, ôi,itb sto-
My-xo BbicoKOMy BHiiMaHiio na3BaHHaH unira oT'iacTH h 6i.ua o6a- 3ana T'ÊM'fc, TTO BIIOCJltACTBiH, BT, 1784-MT, rOAy, yate IIO CMepTH aBTopa, ona yAOCTOiuacb bo «Epaimin aKaACMiriecKofi ripeMiii; ho npn nepBOMT, cbocmt, noHBjieuin OHa He imfcjia ocoôeiniaro ycnf xa, h BCKopt r-jfîa a’3iihii3, no npnHHTbiMT, rorAainniiMT, mhhHCTep ctbomt,
«MiiaHCOBT, iipaBHJiaMT,, jiHiiiiuacb Aoxoaa, KOTopbiii nojiynajia H3'b Ka3Hi,i no c.iv;k6 f; Myæa, BcjrÊACTBie Toro EnaTepHiia II npnKa3ajia FpiiMMy Bbi/i,aTb en 8 t. <i>paiiK0BT>, a neTbipiMAnaTiutnien 3mmíh noc.ia.ia cbohmH<t>pT>, yKpauieHHbrâ ôpmibHHTaMH. üocjiIjciiepTii r-a«i
A?3hhh3bt, 1 7 8 3 r . EnaTepraa rioaîajioBajia octipórfeBuieñ BHyHKi» en
12 t. pyôjeii hnpn coaEíctbíhnocjiaHmiKa, rpa-ra Cenopa, ycTpon- .ia bo «Epauprn ôpaKT, ea ct, iiojikobiihkomt, rpa-t-OMT, Ae EiosaeMT,
(de luiiduBueil). JIioaobhkt, XVI, ne æejiaa OTCrarb ott, imoc/rpan- Haro npaBiixejibCTBa bt, ipeApocTH kt, ero iioAAaHHoñ, irasnaTiuT,
MoaoAOH tctI; nenciio bt, 4 t. <i>paiiKOBT>. Ilpn Kpemeniii abjxt,
A'bTeii, poAHBinnxcH ott, aroro cynpyatecTBa, BocnpieMHimefi 6bua EKaTepaHa II, hno hch Aonb 6bua Ha3BaHa Catherine Hélène, a cbiHT, Catherine Henri. Onn bt, imcbMaxT, ea kt, FpiiMMy nacTO yuoMHHaioTCH noAT, HMenaMH IiaTeHbKa h KaTO (Katinka h Catau).
Bt, Koupt 1791 r. Myan, hatena rioKiîHyjni ‘Fpannüo: rpa<i>T, ac Bfoajb ornpaBMca bt, Ko6.ieHnrh (i'aè, kbkt, usbIíctho, cocpeAOTO- TIIBa .IHCb C0K)3HI,ia BOHCKa), H HOCTyttHB b Ha CJVTKÔy Kb npHHIiy Hac- caycKOMy, nojiyanjn, ii03B0JieHie HOCHTb pyccKiü MyiiAiipT,. CeMeh- ctbo ero, riocuf mhoihxt, neyAam, a 3aTpyAneniH, BbiHecennbixT, bt, c.rfc actbíc yciif.xoB'h pecnyôjiHKancKOH apain, Hauuo iukoîicut.
npitOTT, Bb FotF y FpHMMa, KOTopbiii npHHajn, ero na CBoe none-
aenie, iioceaacb raMT, crb «reBpajia 1 7 9 3 roAa. MeatAy tFmt, bo ‘I'paimiii o ht, 6 b ut, oóTaniJieiib 3Miii’panT0MT>, hBce ero naymecTBO
pacxnmoiio bt, no.ib.-iy pccîivo.ihkm; ho, kt, Kpafineii AOcaA'f rocnoA- CTBOBaBiueü napHa, bt, AOMf ero ne oKa3ajiocb hhMajifiniiaxT, cxh-
AObt, nepenncKn ct, pyccKOii HMiiepaTpnpeii; Haiiuocb .nimb nf.CKO.ib- ko nopipeTOBb ea, KOTopue h 6i>uh ct, TopacecTBOMT, yHH'iToaîenbi.
1C a . K. r p o T ' L ,
y3HaBT. oöl yxpaxP FpiiMMOMX Coabuieñ naCTH oro UMVipeçxBa, Eitarepima II bx nanaaŁ 1 7 9 4 roaa oxnpaBiua kx ne a y BCKceaa- MH 20 T. pyójieił, qacxb noxopbixx ou t, u ynoxpeöiux na noiipan.ie-
me CBoero cocToaiiia, a ocTajibHbie Ha BOCUHTanie 11 o6e3iieqenie B'b Cyayipeiux cbohxx iipieMbimeii. Bx aaöoxt o nxrb yqacxn, oirb, Ha cayqai cbocíí CMepxH, npocnax rocyaapbiino ppnHaxx hxx natta
3aBrtiu,anHoe hmx nacalucxBO, h ona miijioctiibo H3XHBHaa na 3xo CBoe coraacie, npcjaaraa eMy CBcpxx toto, bx cayqaf. iia,;oöHOCTn, riepeceamxca bmIc tI ca> hhmh bx Pocciio h nocbiaaa cmv Ha axo
nyxeinecxBie 10 t. pyö.; ono oanaKoatx Hnnoraa ne cocxoaaocb.
IlepBbia nonbiTKH pecnyßanKaHpeBX riépeíiTii rpanimy Fepjia- híh enema B03öyaif.m Brb mmcparpiint 6e3noKoiicTBO na cqexx cyan- öbi ea [iiiceM'b kx FpiiMMy, hona noBiopnaa eiiy cboii cobítx iipe- jiaTb oxx ornio. O ut oxBÍqaax, tlo hmx yate npiiHHTbi bccbo.3mo;k~
Hbia Mtpbi aaa cuaceHia aToro coKpoBiupa; bx cayqafc ate ero CMcpTH HíicbMR ara He oyayxx npinmaaeataxb hh efi, hh cmv, xanx Kait'b ohxplaimaca 3aBÍ;ui,axb hxx Beamtony khhbh) Aaeitcanapy IlaBaoBHay, ho cxxfaix qxoßx ohhBCKpbxxxi 6bian He npeatae khkx qepe3x aecaxb aPrx nocat CMepxH xoro, kx> KOMy 6bian aapecoBa- Hbi. Out, npiiñaBiia’b, hxo BnponeMX, ecaii HMnepaxpnpa ovacxx nacxanBaxb, xo oirb, CKp-fena cepape, npnnecexx axy xaateayto atepx- By bx nonoaHeHie apyrnxx noxepb, hmx HcnbrranHbixx. Enaxeptnia oxB't'iaaa cx> oóbiqnbiMX cbohmx CaaroayinieMx; «Coxpaimxe ate axo aoópo, Koraa bm hmx xanx aopoauixe h cxapaexecb, qxoóbi oho ocxanaaocb neaocxyinio aaa atoöonbixtibixx». ynoManyxoMy pacrio- paaternto FpuMMa noxoMCXBo Koneano o6a3ano -cöxpaneHieMX aparo- H'Inmbix'b rince.MTi kx neiiy Beamtoä EHaxepinibi. Mafe ne vaaaocb naiixH bx, FocyaapcxBennoMx apxiiB’fe aoKVMeiixa, Koxopbiii noa- xBepataaai) 6bi, aro npeanoaoateHie FpiniMa 6biao npiiBeaeno bx> iicnoaiieiiie, ho no Bceií B'fepoaxnocxn coópaaie axnxx miceMX, Brb tomx Bita'í;, khk'b oho ao ctix'b nopx cóeperaexcn bx aßyxxj nepenaereHHbixxj xexpaanxx, akficxBHxeabHO 6biao aocxa- BaeHO HMnepaxopy Aaencanapy I bx 1 8 1 7 roay nacaiainutaMH FpHMMa no Hcxeneuin HasnaqeHiiaro bx 3aBljipaHÍn ero cpona. 4xo
EKATEPHHA il fil. UEPEnHCKE CE I'PHMMO.ME. 1 7
Kacaerca miceME, Koroptia EKaxepHHa nojiynajia ote rpHMMa, to mei j,o.iro ne 3ua.n1 KyAa ohh AtBajniCB; be nooitAuee Bpeaia hèko- TopBIH H.i'E HHXE HaiUMCE B'E FoCVAapCTBeHHOAlE Hie apXHB'fe BE ocoôo xpaiiHBUieaca cBasat ero nepeiincKH; ara juoôoiiEiTHEie otpeib-
kh, oaeBHAHO coc'raBJiaBuiie TaKace aacTE ocoôoii nepenjieTHot Tei’pa- Au, iiü,i,aioT'i, iioboae ht. npeAüO.ioaieuifo, hto h Apyraa noJiOBHua 3TOH HCTOpiPieCKOii KOppeCIlOHAeiIIUH 6f.ua HÉKOPAa AOCTUauieME FocyXapcTBeHHai'o apxHBa. F a t ocTajiocE caMoe ôojiEuioe hhcjo
3THXE nHcein. sajihiaTcabiiaro HHOCTpaHpa, xaKX ycjaatAaBinaro Be.iHKyK) HMiiepaTpHn,y CBoeii OectAoü, — HeiioHaTaaa aaraAKa. IlcTopii'iecKoe oôipecTBo koiicmuo H.iAacxx yptjftB inia ote acTpe- 6aeHia be oahome H3E cjitAyKupuxE tomobecbohxe. npocaiaTpHBaa
bxe, nejEaa He yAiiB-iaTEca jiobkocth h TaKTy, ce KaKHMu aBTopE
hxe yarfeeTE coeAHnaTE n3EaBJiema HCKpeauaro O.iaroroBtnia a
11 ]) 11bt:p;keh11 octh, aacTo 6jiH3Kia ke jiecTH, ce cmïuoctek) Mbicjieü u p’È3kocteio fihipaaieuiii. BnponeME mei y aie HMteME iioaarie oôe 3tome naaecTBli ero no 0T3EiBy «PpuApHxa II h no caMEiME
HHCEMaME FpHMMa KE IipyCCKOMy KOpOJHO, HaneaâTaHHElME BE iipeAnocafeAneME tomè «Correspondance littéraire».
Ce 1795 roAa FpaMME 3annMa.iE b e Fort uocte pyccKaro
nocjianHiiKa ripn nnaiHe caKconcKHXE BJiaAtHiaxE. IIotome, BEaBry-
CT'fe 1796 roAa, HMiieparpnna cooôimua eMy (naKE 6ei b e bha'I; c.iyxa), 'ito ohe nasiiaMciiE be FaïuôyprE na Ait ero yMepmaro TaME pe3HAenTa ea rpocca. ^tiicTBiirejEiio, BÇjtAE 3a sthme iihceaiome
KypEcpE iipniiCSE ejiy H3E Kojueria iiHOcrpaHHEiXE A'Crb KpeAHTHB- Hyio rpaAioTy hApyrie AOKyMCHTEi, omocHBinieca k e 3T0My iioctv.
Ho noKa oiiEroTOBMCfiKEnepecejieniioBEraMôyprE, Bne3anHonpn- uuo H3BtcTie 0 KOH'iffut ero u,apcTBeHHoii 6jiaroArtTejiEHHn,Ei. 3 a Ht-
CKO.iEKo ahchnepeAE tFaie, HAieHno 11 (22)Hoa6pa, norAa eayaîe ne
ôeijiobeHiHBEixE, nojiyneHO ôbJJio n.viE iiocjitAiiee uHCEMo ea, nucannoe
20 (31) OKTaôpa. MoatHo ripeACTaBniE ce6t , KaiaiMX atecTOKHME yAapoME ôbua ajihFpHMAia poKOBaa BtcxE. Ho boBHtmneH cyABôt
ero He nponsouuo HiiKaKoü iiepeMtHBi. OnpaBHBiuHCb ote nepBaro
BnenaTatHia, ohe iiocntunuE oôpaTHTEca ke HAineparopy HaBiiy CôopHiiK'L II Ota- II. A. H. 2
1 8 a. k. i’p o t i,
CT> IIHCbMOMTj, Bb KOTOpOMl) BMfCTf CT> HyBCTBOMT r.iyÔOKOÜ CKOpÔH Bbipa.3H.n> cbok) ôe3rpaHHanyk» npnBepæeHHOCTb k i> ripceMHHKy Ena-
TepHHbi. Focyaapb OTiif.Ta.rb mhjiocthbo hyTBopjn.n. ero bt> hoboh
A0.15KH0CTH. TpHMM-b 0TljpaB.lll.1T> ee AO T'feXT. IlOp'b, IIOKa 00.lf.3Hb hocoHpyiiiHJia c m t> ero; JinuiHBiuHCb, BC-ifacriiie ne^yra, oAHoro r.ia.3a, ohb yMepa> 19 Aenaôpa 1807 roAa. FlocpeAH Bcf.\T> Be.iH- khxt> coôbiTiH HOBaro Bina oht> ayBCTBOBajiT., hto KaKTÔyATO nepe- jkh.it> caworo ceôa hne pa.3T> bt> nocxÊAHie roAbi jkhshii roBopn.iT>: «fl nponycTH.iT Bpc.MJi AaTb noxopoiiHTb ceôa».
OTJiHTHTe.ibiiaa aepra nnceMT> EnaTepHiibi kt> rpHinuy, upeaiAe Bcero ôpocaromaacH bt> r.iasa, ecrrb myToaHbiïï toht hxt>; ho nepe-
xoah KaKT ôbi cjyaaiiHO ott> oahoh MaTcpiii ht Apyroii, HMiiepaipn- ri,a, nocpeAH HHTTO/Kiibix'b noBHAHMOMy iipeAMeTOBT ôecfAbi, aa-
cto BbicKa3biBaen> caMbia cepbe3Hbia Mbic-in. IlucbMa ea, no cbo-
eiï rpau,io3HOH HenpHHVJKAeHHOCTH, no pa3Hoo6pa3iio coAepjKama h
BJifcT f no .lerKocH h npejiecTii c.iora, iincKOJibKO He ycrynarorb
naii6o.if>e npeB03H0CHMbiMT> oôpaapaMT aiiHcrojiapHaro poAa. Eh c t- pbie nepexoAbi ott oahoto npeAMeTa kt> Apyromy, Kaicb wbi anaeirb H3’b CJIOBT) CaMOH rOCJ’AapblHH, 0()T>HCHHK)TC8 T'fMb, HTO OHa, OTBf-
aaa FpniuMy, ôbuia cto.ib BHHMaTejibHa, hto BcerAa HMfjia nopcAT>
coôoh nocjifAHia nncbMa, ott> Hero nojiyaeimbia, h ocTaHaBjiHBajiacb no nopaAKV na Bcfxa> aacTiiocTaxt, TpeSoBaBimixT OTBfTa. Oôpa- îpaacb kt> HeMy cnepBa ct> cJioBaMH Monsieur hjih M. le philosophe, ona BCKopf OTÔpocn.ia Bcf noAOôHbia «topMbi yaTiiBOCTH, caMa myTH.ua na;i,T> hxt> OTcyTCTBieMT h oôbiKiioBeiiuo Ha3biBajia ero He HHaae Kam> souffre - douleur, HaMCKaa T in t na TpyAHOCTb ero nojioæeHia, khut KoppecnoiueH ra h HOMiicciouepa ctojibkhxt ko-
poHOBaHHbiXT> ocoôt. /Jajrfee, rocyAapbma aacTO nocMfiiBa.iacb TaKJKe na/yb iKa.ioôaMH FpiiM.Ma Ha ero caaôoe 3AopoBbe, kt> aeMy orHocnAocb Bbipaæeiiie boyaux fêlés (HaAopBaHiibia khiiikh); HaAT> ero yM'feHbeMT. paiBiiiiarb Bcaryio Mbic.ib (l’art du développement) h
caaôocrbio kt> repMaiiCKHMT» nptiHuaMT h npHHU,eccaMT>. HepfAKo OHa BcraB-iaerb bt cboh <i>panu,y3CKiH tckctt. irLibia TiipaAbi Ha Hf M e H K O M T a.3bIK't, BT> KOTOpblXT IIOHTH BCerAa MOJKHO IiaHTH
KaKÎH-EKATEPHHA II IÎT> IlEPEIlHCK'b CE ['PHM.YlOMa. 1 9
HHôyAb ocrpoyMiibia BbixoAKii hjih nrpy c.iop/b. Ba KOHui en nnceiua Ki) PpiiMMy miKoraa hètT) noAnnca, Koropaa BCTphuaerca noAa 6ojibuieio Hacrbw nnceivia EitaTepHHbi ira xpynrna jmpaMa. riocjil;j,Hee Ba pa^y MHornxa nocbuiaBuiHxcn BirfecTt, oÔbiKaoBeHHo OKaHaiiBajiocb cnoBâMii: «Adieu, portez-vous bien». Ca rhxa nopa Kana imcbMa 6bijih OTiipaBjmeMbi ne no iiohtî;, rocyAapbina cBoeio pyKoio aaji.n0cbiBa.1a naApeca: «A Air Mr le baron deGrimm, che valier de l’odre de St.-Wladimir». 3aM’feTBM'i>, htoTiiTyjia ôapona 6bi.ii noatajoBaHi ewy Ba 1 7 7 5 roAy BtHCKHiua ABopowa. Ectb CBHji'bTejibCTBo, n o FpiiMMi, ôbi.ia BecbMa He paBHOÆymeHTj ki, noue- CTaMa aToro poxa h hto ôiaronpiaTHaia BH'femmH oôcToaTeJbCTBa aBiio oTpaJKaancb na ero npiiBbmKaxa 0 OTiiouieiiiaxa k i Apy3bfiivia, Tana hto eme 3aAOJiro ao ero B03BbimeHia A’AjiaMôepa Ba aa- CMtuiKy aaabiBajia ero «M. l’ambasseur». He ôyAenia OAHaKoæano- cirtuuibi Ba 11pri11frriiî Ha Bf.py noAoôHbixa cyæAeHÜi o neMa, noua ne 03HaK0MHMca no KpaiiiieH ntpl; ca tFmh 03a ero iincevn, na EKaTepHH h II, KOTopbin aohmh ao Haca.
EcTecTBeHHO, 'ito Ba e.rfucTBie yTparbi ana'niTejibHOH aacTH oahoh CTopoiibi 3TOH nepenncKB, Hiioe Ba oTBtTaxa rocyAapbiHii oCTaeTCH ne coBctin, acHbiMa. Ba cbh3h ca amina, Ba upeAucjiOBiH MoeMana en nacbMaina, HaxoAHTCH irfecKOJibKo CTpoi:a, KOTopbia nyat- HbBia cmiraio npnBéera H sxl.cb : «Il i.KOTopbia srfccTa Ba nncbMaxa EKarepHiibi II Ka TpajiMy, ïeMHbi eme 11110 Apyrod iipaaHH'fe: nsa BecbMa nommiaro ô.iaropa.'iy.Miii m noria .mua h oocToarioibCTBa npeA- CTaBuaiorcH 3A'tcb noAa BbiMbiui.ieHHbiMH 11J10 ajuieropnnecKBMH nasBa- niaM0,, H3a Koropbixa He bcI; Moryia ôbiTb pa3raAanbi. Oaiih 03a raKHxa TepMHHOBa <i>paimy3CKie, Apyrie — iihnieuKie. Boïa hFko- Topbie 03a TÉxa h Apyrnxa ca xi-ua 3HaieHieMa, KOTopoe, Kana Kaaterca, aojukho pa3yMhTb Ba iioxa: l’homme aux deux physio nomies osHanaeTa iocuaa II ao aannaro ca miMa 3HaKOMCTBa;
2 0 a . K. [ ' P O T l ,
OAHaauw oht> Ha3BaH t piccolo bambino (uajiroTKa); Manman—ero jiaTb, Mapia Tepe3ia; frère Ge 3HaH0Ti> : aHrjiiücKiH Kopojib Eeoprb III; Hérode — ‘Ppujpnx'h II. frère Gu — cnepBa urneA- ckîh Kopo.ib PycTaB'b III, noTOMi, dbpHAPHXT» Bnjibrejibii'b II (Guil laume); Gegu — ABoe h3t> Ha3BaHHbix,b Kopojieii BMicTi;; Antonin h Falstaff — PycraBi III; les Secondats ynoTpedJiaeTca btj paa- JIHUHOMt CMblCJlb, Iiaup. BT, OAHOM"b CJiyuat 3HaHHTl>: cI>pHApHX'b II h Iociia>ï> II, Bii ÆpyroM'b BejmKiü Kaa3b üaBejia. neTpoBim'b h ero cynpyra; les épiciers — lÜBegbi; marchands drapiers — AHr.ui- mme; marabouts — Typau; arme Sente — ‘PpaHn.yahi bo Bpe.ua peBOJK>u,in; égrillarde — caiviaa peBoaropia; purée de pois, soupe aux pois — AHiuiOMapia h AniuioMaTbi (aaiet HeyAoboBapiiuhie); ^apganger (coôcTBeHHO = imoxoAUbi) — HenpaBHjibuo AbiicTByro- îpie, ôe3Aapiibie MHiiHCTpbi, u npoa. OcoSemm He HpaBHJiiicb rocv- Aapbiub npyccKÜi iiocjiaHiniK'b rapip. n mhhhctp^ nuocTpaHHbix'b A'E’i'B reppôepn>: nepBaro, 3a ero xojiOAHOCTb n CKpbiTiiocTb, OHa Ha3biBaerb la glace hjui le boutonné; hmh BToporo, ajihosuaueHia ero BbicoMtpia, nepeBOAUTca no-<i>parmy3CKn Coeur de Montorgueil; caMT> rpnMM'b uaure Bcero Ha3biBaeTca soulfre-douleur, naorga ate 03naaaeTca BbipaateHieM'b gens de Grimma (umh onpyra n ropo^a bi> CaKCOtiia) h.th nojiyHaeTT) Ha3Bauie repMaHCKaro CojiOMona. H3T. npaôjiHateHHbixi kt> iiMneparpuut KopcaaoBT. nocToanHO HasbiBaeTCa Pyrrhus, roi d ’Epire, a MaMOHOBt—l’habit rouge. Bt> nepenncKt nocj'ÉAHHXi, xfeTb uacTo ynoTpebJiaeTca cjiobo Jîôt^er /yia 03iiaue- uia biihobuhkobii aHapxin bo ‘PpaHuin Obiaciieme 3Toro Tep- waiia, paBno KaK'b m BCTpl>'iaioin,iixca pa^OMt ci. hbmT) 33ârenhduter hSSarenretter, inmeparpHua caua ,i,aorb lia erp. 609. Bt> rfe ate ro,a,bi iioal moi'jiaHACHHiu'b napoM'b (pair d’Ecosse) pa3yMbeTca aa- cto ynoMHHaeMbiü ero h upocro moTJiaïueub ‘pHHAjrorepb, auiBumi ïo bo tPpaiiKa>ypTi ua MaiiirÈ, to bt> apynix'b ropoAaxT> Fepuaniii
(oui) yMepis 1 8 1 1 r. bt, /Ipe3AeHt) h iviHoro cnocodcTBOBaBimii K'b yKpameuiro nxrb cagauti. Ha3Bauie St. Nicolas u n npocTO votre saint Aaerca rpa<i>y HiiKOjiaro IleipoBimy PvMaHUOBV, iiocuaimiiKy HameMy bo <PpauK<i>yprf».
Kb nepBOMy OTjyfejiy nepeimcKii HMnepaTpnH,bi EKaTepinihi cb FpHMMOMb M05KH0 OTHeCTH HHCbMa, nUCaHHblH IJO'ITII CO ilflfl OTb- t.3ia rpHMMa II.Tb Poccill ,10 Toro BpeMeHH, KaKrL OII’Ii BTOpMIHO npifexajrb in, lieTopóypri, no c.iynaio BCTyiueiiin Bejimaro imana
llaBJia IleTpoBHia bo BTopoií 6paKb cb ripmmeccoK BiipTeMSeprcKoii Co<J>ieü AopoTeen,— BnocaiacTBin Bejumoii KHanmeii Mapjeü «Peo^o- poBHoií, T. e. OTb 25 anpluin 1774 r. no 2 ceHTaßpa 1776 royja.
ílepenncKa naHHHaeTca Bb caMOMb BeceaoMb tohí, riojyb Bne- nautHieMb TaKnxb coßbiTiii, KOTopbia bh^hmo paiiOBajra niwnepa- Tpnuv h CHHMajin Cb nea Taæejioe ćipeMa TpeBorb h HanpaateHia. ycntxH namero opyada Bb Typin'n u cjiaBHbie hoabhiti PymaimoBa na ,lynaoMb, npnneAiriia Kb aaimioneiiiio MHpa Bb Kynyiib-Kaiłnap- AJKH, a TaKiKO noHMKa llyraaeBa w BiiyTpeHHee ycnoKoenie rocy- aapcTBa, naKonenb B03BbitueHÍe FloTeMKHHa a Haaajio ero BJiiania Ha rocy^aocTBeHHbia mkua, — both eaMbia KpynHbia coßbrria 9Toro nepBaro Tpox.itrin. IIcith pfejibin 1775 ro.ib iiMnepaTpima npo-
Be.ia Bb Mockb’I. h ea oKpecxHOCTaxb.
PpHMMb, pf.nnrre.n.no OTKasaBmHCh BCTynuTb Bb pyccKyio cjyac- 6y, ;ia.ib oaiiaKO oßtmame HenpeurfeHHO onaTb BCKopf. nocfeTHTb PocciK). IiMnepaTpima, oTBlmaa Ha nepBoe iihcbmo ero H3b Puní, roBopuTb eMy1): «Bm cnpamiiBaeTe iwemi: — nata. yfeaTb 03b Bauiero napcTBa? — LHiMb Mory a oTiiliTinb na sto, ecjm He <i>pa-
3oh Mojibepa: «F. George I) and in, beicaimi moro xotEiw». HraKb 0Tb Bacb saBUCHTb BepnyTbca. Ta Kb KaKb FpHMMb ne Morb cna-
3aTb, mo oahoio H3b npiiHHHb Hemejiama ocxaibca Bb Pocciii 5bijio onacenie 3a nenpoHHOCTb noBaro nojiOJKema, to HiunepaTpHua m -
meTb eMy Bb apyroMb nncburfe: «H 3Haio, OTnero npoH30iHJio Bame MaaeHbKoe coumlmie: napa Âepæy, OTb Toro, hto a npn Bacb yjia- Jinaacb OTb H’ÊKoero BecbJia cnyaiiaro rpaataaHHHa (BaciubmiKOBa), KOToparo TOTHacb .naMtunaa, caMa He 3Haio KaKb, oiHHMb H3b ca- Mbixb BaîKHbixb, .naßaBHbixb n CMiuiHbixb opnrimajioBb 3Toro ®e- .ifeHarO B'liKa (IlOTeMKHHblMb) 2).
EKATEPHHA II B'í> HEPEnHCKb Cb rPHMMOMT». 2 1
pCïp. 1. 2) Ct d. 4.
2 2 H. K. r P O T l .
O ÆpyjKecTBeHHOMt h 6e3pepeMOHHOMT) t o h í 3thxt> imceMt mohîho
cyÆHTb no cjitayioineił BbuepjKKt: «T. Tomt, (cobaana) xpaiiHTT, c.aain MCHB Ha OJJlOM'b H3T> ïtXT) TypCHKÜX'b AHBaHOBT), O CVIlieCTBOBaïUR
KOTopbix'b Bbi, <b])anpy,!CKie Aom, ne HMteTe miKaKoro iiohhtîh, a
KHH3b IIOTeMHHHTi BBeJIT) I1XT> 3JI,tCb V HHCT), H Ha TaKOMB ^HBaHÍ ABtHajmaTb HeJiOB'feKTj ci) HaaopBaHHbiMH EHuiKaMH (boyaux fê lé s 1) MoryTT) noKOHHo noM fecTHTbcn iipn BcanecKHXb cyAoporaxb. B ram ,, ecJiH Bbi ocTaHeTecb Bi) ilapnatfe, h coBÏiTyio BaiiT) npioGpïscTH no- Ao6hvk> Meôejib, a ecjiH George Dandin ptuiHTca B03BpaTHTbca cio- aa, a oGlanaio eaiy b3htb stotb pacxoa'b fia céda. HTant Tomt» cnHTb, a ero aoiu;a pi3BHTca bt> npHxoæeü, a ate nnmy ,ia miiny nacbMO, h ecjinô'b mbi oGa Gbijih yMHbi, to cjKHrajin Gbi cboh nncb- Ma, He onipaBJiHa hxb Ha iiohtv, iijih BnpaBay a Goiocb, htoGb hxtt
Koraa-HHôyab He iiojiojkhjih Ha xpanenie bt> apxHBbi aoMa cvMacmea- innxT>2)». JIwGBMbiH npeAMeTB rayTOKT) BT) micbMaxT) EKaTepunbi Ki TpHMMy cocraBJiaiorb ea coGaann, h aacToe yuoMHHame o hhxT) AOKa3biBaeTT), KaKT> HMiieparpnua He crfecHaacb KJiajia Ha Gyiwary BC'fe cboh BnenaTatHia.
Mbi ciiasajiii, >ito nonMKa IdyraaeBa coiiriaaaeTb cb Hanaaoin.
3toh nepenacKH. Bo Bceivn>, hto nnuieTT) oGb stomb HMnepaTpHpa
BT) nepBbixT. cbohxT) nHCbMaxT), Bbipaataerca ea TBepaaa hHeynjioH-
Haa BOJia He majiHTb S-ioji/Ła h crporocrbio ociaHOBHTb pa3JiHTie 3Jia, KOTopoe npoH3Bejo CTOJibKO napoaHbixT. Gíactbíh. «Teirepb MapKH3T) riyraaeBT) Ha nyra h3T) CnniGiipcKa bb MocKBy, CBH3aH-
Hblîi, 3aK0BaHHblii KHKT) Me^Btab, HTOGb GbITb HOBtmeHHblMT) BT,
3toh ctothu'G y 3Toro aecraaro MOiiieHHHKa iiOBii;uiMOMy He MHoro pascyara, raKb KaKT> ohT) jb c m rb ce6a na;i,e>iuoii, hto moskctb
GbiTb uoMHJiOBanb, iijih yacb aejioBf,KT) He bb coctohiiíh jkutb Geai
KaKOH-HnGyab naaeæabi, iijih oGojibmeHia 3)».
Cjitayiomee sa tèmb iihchmo HaaHHaeTca TaKT>: «3-e aBrycTa
(1774 r.) BT> aeHb, nsGpaHHbrîi æjihMOJieGcTBia o Miipt».
1) Cm. Bbime CTp. 18. 2) CTp. 7.
EKATEPHHA ¡I BE HEPEIIHCKB CE rPHMMOME. 2 3
«Bote vare BTopoií MOJieGeHE no otomv cAvnaio, a h AOJama OTCJiymaTb eme ABa nocjif» oö.Mfaia paniEHKaHÜi oGohmu nocojibCTBa- MH, to eciE nocojibCTBOME Apyra Moero AôAyJiE FanuAa a m oil me. 3tote MHpE iipnme.iE a Jin îiacE neoiKiiAamio ; ohe xopouiE u ne- CTGHE U BC'fe IlMEAOBOJIbHbl, HflTaKHie, II Bbl TaKHiC, He HpäBAä AH? 1)». Be tome ate
nnmrfc
nMnepaipupa BbiCKaabiBaeiE FpiuiMy, Kanyio plrny oHa npiiAaeTE ero imcbMaME, u uotome idiCKoabKiiiun jkhbbimh nepTOMii HBoopaataeTE pasHooGpaaie cbohxe aanariii, oGananiio- CTeii, BKycoBE. Ona roBopiiTE. «fl iiojiynm BáuiE As 4 ceroAHH yTpOME ; OHE COCTO0TE TOAbKO I13E BOCbMIl CTpUJiUHE 11, lie IiporH’fe- BaHTecb: aro — caiioe cyMacmeAinee h30 bcêxe Barnuxh (miaro- MapaHÍH, KOTOpblH, KaKE 6bl HIl GblJIlI A-IHHHbl, liepeMIITblBälOTCil MHOK) no abb u no tjiii pa3a, uoTOMy htoohh oneim 3aGaBiibi, xora Majio pa3yMiibi. Mufe xorLiocb Gbi BaME cooGm,»Tb nmoroe Miioate- CTBa HHTepecHaro, ho oTToro HMeHHO h He pa3CKa®y minero beiio- Phak£, ote Hanajia ao Koima. fl ne /piApo, He yniiio BApyrE oGmi- MaTb GTOAbKo MaTepifi rain, onE, hu papanaTb TaKE CKopo. M at Gbi uyama Gbi.ia orpoMHaa 'reTpaAb GyMani h BpeMH, a y mchh MOJie- GeHE na pyKaxE n TOJibKO rrpn neTBepTii naca a-ih Baca tie cmiTaa Towaca u ero B03Jno6.ienHOH aohkii, KOTopbie HaxoAaTca be Moeñ kom n a rt u TpeGyioTE ote mchh Tbioriii arrcuuiii2)».Mnpb be KyivKE - KaiiiiapAam iiMiieparpima npmmcbiBaeTE crapanifiME rioTeMKHiia, roBopa: «Axe, Karan CAaBHaa roAOBa y
9Toro qeAOBÍKa! Ohe Go.ite bcíixe apvitixe iipiiiiiiMa.iE ynacrie be 3T0ME impft, n ora npeKpacHaa roAOBa 3aGaBHa KaKE Gí c e8)».
Be ApyroH pa3E ona roBoptm,: «MtoGe yTftimiTb BacE, cnamy BaME, aro nocAaHHiiKu ote IIopTbi n Poccin Ha3HaneHi>i: IlopTa no- cbi.iacTE Ger.iepGea pyMe-iiiicnaro, iiamy o TpexE GyHayraxE a ce A-iiinnofi oopoAoii; Poccia — Kiia3a Pennana, Gbmmaro nocAan- HHKOME BE riOAbm-fe, KOTOpblH nOAUHOaAE MIipE, He HM^H GopOAbl». *)
*) O p . 5. 2) CTp. 5. 3) O p. 6.
24 H. K. r P O T T ) .
HaKOiiein, HMnepaTpnua B03BtmaeTb rpniiMy cboio not.3a.Ky
b i. MocKBy cjOBa.Mii: «ki, KOHuy 3Toro Mtcaua a t a y Bb Mockby, hTyaa npitaerb 3a mhohktonoatejraerb. Byaere jihbi.i bb tomt, nnc.it?
K b npasanecTBaan, unpa iiMnoparpnna oauiaa.ia npnnua Pen-
pnxa IlpyccKaro, dpara <4>pnapnxa II -ro, no aro nyTemecTBie He cocTOHjroch, Kam, odbHCHCHo bt, OAHOMb UHCbMt: «IIpnHiib-reH-
pnxb xoTt.iT. npitxaTb ripa.-unoBaTb aatcb nntpb no aaBiiesiy cbo- eny odtinaniK), ho MOCKOBCKoe nyTemecTBie pa.3CTpon.io sto. Toki.
KaKT. 3T0Tb ropoai. uocrpaaajib Bb riporaeauieMb roay ott. do.ib- moro noatapa n oneHb TpyaHO npincKaTb npiiHuy npiaTHoe no.wt- merne nodjniate ko asopy, n era,e Tpyante aocTaBHTb eMv yaodcTBa n parosjienenia, kotopmmh oht. .satcb no.ib30Ba.icn, noroiiy aro Bd.inan
Mockbi.1 HtTT. hh oAHoro aaropoanaro .p o p u a , yao6naro ann Jit- •ra, — to ripiiamibi sth dbiJin npeacTaBJieHbi eiay, 11 oht. cor.iacn.ica oTJioiKHTb CBoe nyTemecTBie ao BoaBpamenia aeopa h.tt. Mockbm 2).
IlaKonenT., bt, nojioBimt HHBapa ( 1 7 7 5 r.), HMnepaTpnaa Bbit- xaaa bt. MocKBy 11 cb aoporn mimerb Bece-ioe n nrpnBoe nncbiuo, HOMtneHHoe Tam.:
«Hot. TBepn, caMaro xopomeHbKaro ropoaa niinepin nocjit IleTepdypra, n.3b BHyTpeHHOCTn enncKoncKaro ABopua apxienacKona II.iaTOHa, KOTopbiił aope.sb aea ahh nepexoan'n, Ha mockobckvk> Ka<i>eapy.
«Bt. HoBropoat, bt. BocKpeceHbe, Bbixoaa h3t> pepKBH, nojiy- nn.ia n Baurb J\° 10-n, 11 Tam. Kam, ceroAHH cepeaa, ecan bi,i eme y.MtcTO ciHTaTb, to Bbi kohchho OTraaaeTe, htooho (Bauie nncbwo) Tpacaocb bt. Moejn. napMant no mockobckoh aoport rpn ahh. H nepetay ceroana BenepoMb ujm Bb hohb Bb aoMb rpysiiHCKaro
KH33H8) (ce.io tIepnaH rpH3b, Kynaeunoe y KaHTejmpa n nepenme- HOBanHoe Bb U,apHHbiHo), 3a ceiib BepcTb otk 3T0ii apeBneii n apflx- jioii CTO.inubi. TaMb h dyay acaaib Hxb IIjmepaTopcKin Bbicone- *)
*) Cip. 10. 2) CTp. 11.
EKATEPHHA II BE nEPEMICK'I; CE rPHMMOME. 2 5
CTBa, KOToptie Bhi'fexa.iH 2 4-ro nnc.ia H3E HapcKaro Cena riocjií
MeHH, T. e. 1 7-ro, a a 16-ro, be 11 mbcobt, Benepa. Flocjit Toro a
cataaio TOpJKCCTBeHHblH BEtSAE, KaK’b BOAHTCa riOCJlt Milpa IE1H no noBOjy KaKoro-unfiyAb ofímecTiioiinaro coSbitíh, a noroMy aiiaiiTP,
hto MHt iienorAa oOpaipaTb BHiraame Ha bcio bopkotiiio, kotopok)
Me*j,y iiponuME nario.iHeHO Bauie npenpacnoe iihcbmo, .h h tíme
6o„iie nponAy eé MonnameME, htobbi roBopnTe muí, 6vato hpoin-
aacb npomeHOK). KpoMÍ Toro uncbiio Bauie whhho, a y Mena 6o-
jinrb rojioBa ote yrapa be apxienHCKoncKOME ABoppí, KOTopbiñ,
KaKT» KaJKOTCH. njlOXO npOBtTpHBajICH H JlÍTOlIE a 3HM0K)1)».
«r. ToMacb He conyTCTByeTE mhí; ohe nocnÍAyeTE 3a mhoio C0 BCÍME CBOHME COMeHCTBOME IIOAE UOKpOBHTeJIbCTBOMT, P. 'PvHKe,
Moero oxoTHHKa, ho co mhoio r-ata Miran, HOBonpn6biBmaa Tome aHraiücKOH nopoubi, ho6onte noKJiaAHaro xapaKTepa h MeHÍe Tpe- óoBaTe.'ibiiaH, h ím e ToMacbi. 3 Ha0Te, hto ubi be bto nyTeuiecTBie cnaneiiE cjiomh rojiOBy h xoxohcme KaKE cyiiaciueAinie. Bbi 3Ha- eTe, hto Kpoiif, nena ecTb be Moeñ cbhtí apyrofi a, hjih, eciiH xo- THTO, 1100 Iipeü,CTaBHTeJIb, KOTOpblH noÍAeTE BE KoHCTaHTHHOnO.íb II nepe.iacT'b o t i Mena kvhv híhkhoctoíi h nio6e3HOCTe0 MoeMy Ao6po-
wy ipyry, cyxrany A 6j.yjn>-raMHAy; oahhme cjiobome, 3to KHH3b PeiiHHHTb, oaeHb Bccejibin nocjiaHHHKE ii npeKpaciibiH cnyTHHK'b. Te- nepb a B63y ero be MockbjtGe3E uepeMOHiii, no ohe HaAÍHeTE na ee6a Heo6xo.prayK) ajih ero mhccíh BaaiHOcrb ce k ím e 6yneTE Hyac-
HO, TOJIbKO He CO MHOK). Ho, KCTaTII, HÍíKIIOCTb MOH KT, CyJITaHV f : aoxO/Hite ao Toro, hto a Honiy ero nopTpeTE Ha CBoeti
rra5a-\ Jrj| > /
KepK'fe».... ílncbiio OKaHHHBaeTca yate noani be Mockbí cnoBaMH: «MmÍIO HPCTb AOJIO/KHTb BaM'b, HTO H VHte TO.IbKO BE CeiIH BepCTBXE OT'b Mockbh, iipiiúbiB'b cioaa c e ro s a be neTBeprE, be 6 nac. yTpa. B'b BOCKpeceiibe 6yA,eTE BEÍ3AE. KaaieTca, hto ne cobcíme HeAOBOJibHbi BnatTb iieHa; 3a to cnasKy BaM’b: 6yMa/KHHKE mohaobo.ibhotjto HaóHT'b, hto6e nortuiHTb ne OAHoro ry.uiKy2)». •)
•) Cip. 13—14. 2) CTp. 13—14
2 6
IlyTemecTBie 0 TopatecTBeaHMH bt^ a i b i Mockbv 6mjih co- BepraeHbi bcémi abopomi: TO-ecTb, rocvAapwino coHpoBoauajii h
cbim ea BejBKiił KH83b IlaBejni n cTpoBiia'b c i MojioAOH cynpyroH Haxajibeii AjieKcieBHOH, 6 bib mcii upnuaeccoii AapMiuTa.rrcKoii. .IioöonbiTCH'b OT.'îbiBi nMneparrp0ii,bi o 6 i 3x00 BeaHKOH Ktmniirfc. ópocatomiił c b ê t i Ha ea TorAanmia ceMeÖHbia OTHomenia. rioroBO- pHB'b o moaoaomi iiprniHÍ;, o p art, bgjihkoh KHariiHii, biiocjíactbíh
BejiHKOMi r e p p o rt JIiOAOBHKt I *), HMnepaxpHpa npoAOJHtaeTi: «Ce- CToa ero (Bejinnaa Knarnna HaxaJiba AjieKcŁeBHa) Bce ßojibna, xa n Kaai He xBopaxb? Bce AOBexeiio ao npainiocxn y aroíi AaMbi. Ecjui
OHa ryjiaeT'b h íh ik o m i, to xBaxpaTb Bepcro, ecjiii T aH pyen, xo ABaAHaTb KaApHJiei n cTOJbKo ate mhhv3t o b i, He cxHTaa axieMan- AOb i; HT061 H.sóiirHyTb atapbi b i KOMHaTaxi, 0x1 BOBce He tohhti; ecjin Kxo-H0öyAb xpeT i ceñfe jn-ipo jibaomi, to Bce rfexo CTaHOBHTca JinpoMi: oAHHMi cjiOBOMi, cepexHHa bo BceMi oxenb AajeKa o x i n a c í. Onacaacb 3.101x1 , moi ne AOBÍpacM'i» rifa 0 ii aewai; h ne CJiy- iuaeM'i, ira xopom nxi. un xyxbixi c o b ít o b i; KopoxKO CKa3axb, xo CIIXI Iiopi II’íiT'b HH MHfKOCTH, HH OCTOpOHíHOCTH, HH 6jiaropa3yMÍH
bo Bcemi 3TOMI, hBora 3HaeTi, htó 03rb 3xoro SyAex'b, Tara Kara HHKoro hg cjiyuiaioxi n see xothti A^aTb no-CBÓeMy. Booôpa- 30Te, oto criycTH nojrropa roxa hóoafe moi em,e He roBopoMi hh CJiOBa no-pyccKH; Mbi xothmi, htoöi Hara yanjin, ho moi ne yrio- xpeßjiaeMi Ha axo hh oxnoro oacv: Bce 3aiiHMaeMca nycxaoKaMH; Mbi xepntTb He MoateMi hh xoro, hh «oxoro; y naci, aojfob/l baboo npoTHBx, aoxoaobi, a HJiieMx oAHano cxoübKO, CKOJibKo hhktob i Eepout He HMfeeTi. Ho saMtxinn.: iiHKorxa He nano oxoaup.axbca b i MOJiOAbixi jHOAHxi, ne nayo cjhhikomi MHoro BopaaTb h He iiaxo oropoaTb
iicmoâd
nne uemoez
2), hh unaxoatHbixi JitoAen, hhnoBpe- atxeHiibixi BiiyxpeHHOCTCH» 3).riocjif xopatecTBCHHaro Bitsxa b i Mockbv HMiK'paxpima
co-!) Bi> nepB bifi CBon npifeA X ) bx> I Ie x e p 6 y p n > r p m i M t conpoB O iK A ajit a x o ro siOJiOAoro npHHu,a, K a r a KaæeTCH, b i Ka^ecxB-fe e r o BoemiTaTejifl.
2) T y T ij HMnepaTpHD,a pasywfeeTij B c f x t npoTecTyrom raij, to ecxE, okoho- MHCTOBX., MapTHHHCXOBX., COpia-lHCTOBT, H npOO.
3) Cm. Bbiine.
EKATEPHHA II B t llEPEnHCK® CE rPHMMOMt. 2 7
oßinaerb rpHMMy
cbohBneHaTJifcmfl u oiiacbiBaerb ycTpoüCTBO Ta-
MoniHfiro ABopua ’).
«3HaeTC JH BEI — KOTOpBIH BCC 3HaeTe? fl BT> BOCTOprt, HTO
cioAa nprhxajia,
h3Af>Cb
bcíßo-ibiiiie n MaJiEie
b'
eBOCToprt,
mtoMeHH
BHAATE. 3t
OTT> ropOAt eCTE «teHBKCb, BOCKpOCaiOIHÍH H3T> ne-
njia; fl naxoacy HapoAOHacejieHie aaMlrnio yMeiiEineiniEiM'E, n iipinn-
Hoii
tomyflyjia: ona iiaB'hpuoc vHecjia
bt>
M
ockbI ßojrhe eia
tm-
Cflfli ae.ioBtKE. Ho nepecTaHeMt roBopiiTb oôt aroMt. Bei
xothtpHM
f.TE naant 3aHHMaeMaro
mhoioAOMa? H
bamt, iipninjiio ero,
hoHeJierKa niTVKa ono3HaTEca
p,
t> 3
tomt> Jiaónpmirh; n npoßbiJia
saíceABa naca n ne Morjia
aoohteca tofo,
mtoS
t6e30inn60MH0 Haxo-
AHTb ABepb cBoero KaßHHOTa: aro TopacecTBO nyTaniiabi. Bt
jkii.
siihM
oeü ne BiiAajia fl CTojibKO aßepeii; fl yact nojiAwatnubi Be.rh.ia
vhh-
MToæiiTb, n BceTaKH nxt BABoe öo.rhe
mI
imt. rpeöyeTca».
KaKifl uevAoßCTBa HMiieparpima nciiEiTbiüa.ia.
bhaho mojkavnpOM
HM
T. H3T) C.IOB'E :
«CnAfl MejKAy TpeMii ABepaMH
hTpeMfl oKHaMn*
2)», a Ta Kace
h3
i>
cjitAyiomen BbiAepacKH : «y
mchhBt M
ockbíOMCiib Aypnoe noMi-
menie B'b rp«3H0MT> KBapTajrfe: AOM
'b moh
bmcok-
eh
caMt no ce6t
hno M
’hcTonojioacefliio, icoTopoe oui aamiMaeTT;
cocíahíhHcnapeHifl
pacnpocTpanflioTTi Taint MÍa3Mbi, ßojrfee nojie3Hbin
bt> HCTeprnct,
mími.
npiflTHbifl; n
hyAajiaiocb orryAa iioname3)».
Ho, necMOTpa Ha CBoe noxoAHoe noJioaceHie, HMnepaTpima He
neppCTaerE A'hflTe.iEno 3aHHjiaTbca A'hJiasiH, saKOHOAaTejibiibiMn pa-
6
ot3
mh;
metc.ib en onaßonena Aaace yjiyMmenieMt oßmecTBemiaro
BocmiTaHiíi, o Meat cBnAiTe.ibCTByerB cjiiAywmee oßpamenie
kt-
TpHMMv: «Ho nocjiyiuaÄTe, rocnoAa <
i*
hjioc(M
>
ei4),
ue cocmaejimu^ic«
mk: Bbi ßbi.in 6bi npejin.ibie n iipeßocxoAHbie
jhoah, ecjnißt
caí-
jiajin ö.iaroA'hflnie n BbipaöoTajin miaut oßyMenia MOJiOAEixt jnoAeß
*) Orp. 15. 2) O p. 19. 3) Cip. 35.
4) IlMnepaTpMu,a l a c r o noACsiiiiBaeTca n a ,n . uo-ihtumockiimi. ceiaaTopcTBOM •. <PHJIOCO<KOB1> yTOniiCTOBl., JIIOAeft OTBJIGBGHHbIX'h H HenpäKTHHeCKIlXTj
2 8 H. K. r P O T l - . .
ott, a.sôyKH h
a,o
yHHBepcnTGTa BKjnoHHTejibiio. Bbi cnaaceTe »mt, hto ne ckpomho npocaTb Bacii o6t, 3tomt>; iio ami ixibophtt,, hto iia^o Tpa pa.spaAa vbhjhlü,i , h h, KOTopaa ne yaniiacb hne fibijiaBT, riapHJK'fe, KOHGHHO üf>AHa CB'li^t.lliîlMII H J’MOM'b, H II03T0MV He 3Haio, aeaiy cjrtAyerb vHHTbca, hjih AaiKe neaiy moikho VHHTbca m r,rk BceaTO noHepnuyTb, KaKT, ne y noAoëiibixT, Baan,, fl eme ne no- JiVHH.ia KHury, noxopyio Bbi noc.ia.ni ci. kh. jlpjiropvKHMb (Conver sations d’Emilie, coh. f-îkha’3iihh3) orbMaxepH flMHjiin, hoh oneHb 3aTpyAnmocb cocTaBHTb ce6f, H.xeK) oôt, yriBBcpciiTeTf,, o ero ynpa- BJieHiH rnMna3iaMH h uiKOJiaMii ht. o
...
Ho nona Bbi corjiacHTecb h.ih He corjiacHTecb na woio upocbôv, h 3Haio, htô CAiJiaio: h CTaHy riepcuiicTbiBaTi. 3imm;.ione,T,iK). O! naBtpiioe hBbiTamy ottyao 3a vuih Bce hto MHf. Ha^o h ne na,ao *)».HMuepaïpima iioctohhho Aepatajia FpnM.via bb u3b!cthocth oôo Bcean,, hto OHa H3aaBajia no 3aK0H0AaTeJibCTBy, Tain, æe naux, ho
BC'fex’b nnebMeinrbix'b n jnrrepaTypHbixT, Tpyaax'b, KOTopbie iioctohh-
ho 3atiHMajiH eë h HanojiHajm en Bpeaia. Tain. bt, oahomt, 03T, iih- cean, (Aen. 1 7 7 4 ) OHa roBopnrb:
«y3HaÜTë HOBoerb. flBiuacb HOBaa ôojifeiib, iiMeHyeaiaa Jiern- cioaiameH, h roBoparb, htoii.MriepaTpmia PoccifcKaa chjibho 3a(io- .lijia ero bo BTopoif paab: bt, nepBbiü pa.3T> OHa TOJibKO ycraHOBHJia Haaa.ia; Tenepb nom.no caMoe aîjio. 0 ôiAiiaa ¡KeimuiHa! OHa yaiperb ott, 3Toro hjihAOBeAerb aEio ao Koima. Bott,, He npaBAa ,ih, BOJiiomKa, npoTnB-b KOTopofi HHKaKoe npenaxCTBie He ycTOHTT, 2)».
BcKopt bt. Mocimi noAnncano 6bi.io abh MaHH<i>ecTa. nepBbra, 1 7 Mapra, KorurhmaeTT, AapoBaimbia no cjyaaio aiiipa pa.3HbiMT> co-
cjOBiaMT. mhjiocth; BTopbian,, ott, 3 1 «apTa, noBcnf.no mockobckomy
fiariKy yapeAnn, sKcneAimin bt, Opeiioyprl,, Kaaaini h HimmeMT,
HoBropoA'fe A3 a pa3Aann ccyAT, JKHTejiaan, paaopenHbixT. bt, n.vra- aeBiunHy ryôcpinii. Ho noBOAy sthxt, abvxt, Mann<i>ecTOBT, namepa-
Tpnna roBoptrn,:
«Bbi no KpaÜHeH aiipf, He CKaæeTe, hto h xfcHBBa, hotomv hto
*) Cip. 19 2) Orp. 13
