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Streszczenie

W pracy zajmowano si˛e zagadnieniem modelowania i sterowania procesu przepływu cie-pła przy u˙zyciu modeli niecałkowitego rz˛edu. W pierwszej cz˛e´sci zaimplementowano cztery modele przepływu ciepła, opisane równaniami ró˙zniczkowymi ułamkowego rz˛edu oraz model klasyczny. Nast˛epnie przeprowadzono eksperyment, w celu uzyskania danych pomiarowych, i na ich podstawie dokonano identyfikacji parametrycznej wszystkich modeli. Otrzymane wyniki zostały porównane z pomiarami, w efekcie czego wybrano najdokładniejsze równanie. Okazało si˛e, ˙ze najlepsze dopasowanie do pomiarów wykazuje model ułamkowy, zaproponowany przez autork˛e.

W drugiej cz˛e´sci doktoratu zajmowano si˛e problemem sterowania. Zaproponowana została metoda projektowania regulatora FOPID (PID niecałkowitego rz˛edu), oparta na, znanej z kla-sycznej teorii sterowania, metodzie idealnej charakterystyki Bodego. Nast˛epnie regulator taki został zaimplementowany w ´srodowisku MATLAB i porównany z regulatorem PID. Pokazano, ˙ze dobieraj ˛ac odpowiednie parametry regulatora FOPID, mo˙zna poprawi´c jako´s´c sterowania, w stosunku do zwykłego regulatora PID, zachowuj ˛ac jednocze´snie takie same warto´sci zapasu stabilno´sci układu. Na koniec pokazano wpływ parametrów regulatora FOPID na jego dyna-mik˛e.

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Abstract

The study addressed the issue of modeling and control of heat flow process using fractional order models. In the first part five models of heat flow: four described with fractional order differential equations and the classical model, were implemented. Next, an experiment was conducted in order to obtain measurement data. Based on it the parametric identification of all models was performed. The obtained results were compared with measurements, resulting in the most accurate equation is selected. Turned out that the best fit to the measurements shows a fractional order model, proposed by author.

The second part of research was addressed to the problem of control. The method of de-signing FOPID controller (fractional order PID) has been proposed, based on, known from classical control theory method of ideal Bode’s characteristic. Then, the controller was imple-mented in MATLAB and compared with the PID controller. It was shown, that by selecting appropriate controller parameters, FOPID can improve the quality of control, in relation to the normal PID controller, without losing stability of the system. Finally, the influence of FOPID controller parameters changing on its dynamics was shown.

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