ɋɂɇɌȺɄɋɂɑȿɋɄɂȿ ɎɊȺɁȿɈɅɈȽɂɁɂɊɈȼȺɇɇɕȿ ɋɌɊɍɄɌɍɊɕ ɄȺɄ ɋɉȿɐɂɎɂɑȿɋɄɈȿ əȼɅȿɇɂȿ
ɊɍɋɋɄɈɃ ɋɂɇɌȺɄɋɂɑȿɋɄɈɃ ɋɂɋɌȿɆɕ
PHRASEOLOGIZED SYNTACTIC STRUCTURES AS A SPECIFIC PHENOMENON OF RUSSIAN SYNTAX SYSTEM
ȺɅɅȺ ȼȿɅɂɑɄɈ
ABSTRACT.In this report we would like to present the main principles of study and description of phraseological units in Russian syntax. Phraseological units are described from the point of view of formal, semantic, and communicative aspects.
Ⱥɥɥɚ ȼɟɥɢɱɤɨ, Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ ɢɦ. Ɇ.ȼ. Ʌɨɦɨɧɨɫɨɜɚ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ – Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ. ȼ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɟɟ ɚɤ-ɬɢɜɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɨɬɪɚɫɥɶɸ. ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟ-ɧɢɹ, ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɤɚɸɬ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɫɥɭɱɚɣɧɨ, ɢɛɨ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɫɱɟɬɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɱɢ. ɉɟɪɢɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɜɫɟ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɞɟɢ, ɬɟɨɪɢɢ, ɤɨɧ-ɰɟɩɰɢɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɭɝɥɭɛɥɹɬɶ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ, ɩɨ-ɧɨɜɨɦɭ ɨɫɦɵɫɥɹɬɶ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɫɱɟɬɟ ɪɟɲɢɬɟɥɶ-ɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ (ɜ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ) ɨɛɨɝɚɬɢɥɢ ɧɚɲɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɫɢɧ-ɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ. Ɇɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɫɟɛɹ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɜɫɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟ-ɫɤɢɟ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ, ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟ-ɫɤɢɟ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɵ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɵ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚ-ɧɵ ɜ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ. ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɬɵ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɥɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɟ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟ-ɧɢɹ. ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɢɩɵ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ – ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɢɫɫɥɟ-ɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ, „ɧɟɫɢɦ-ɦɟɬɪɢɱɧɨ”: ɨɞɧɢɦ ɤɥɚɫɫɚɦ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ „ɩɨɜɟɡɥɨ” ɛɨɥɶɲɟ, ɞɪɭɝɢɦ – ɦɟɧɶɲɟ. Ɉɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɵɥɢ ɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɤɧɢɠɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɭɞɟɥɹɥɨɫɶ
ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢ-ɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɭɫɬɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ (ɧɟɤɨɞɢɮɢɰɢ-ɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ). ȼɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɰɟɥɵɟ ɩɥɚɫɬɵ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɣ, ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɵɯ ɤɪɚɣɧɟ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ. Ʉ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɩɨɤɚ ɭɞɟɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ, ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɨɬɧɨɫɹɬɫɹ ɫɢɧɬɚɤ-ɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢ-ɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ (Ɏɋ) – ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɹɪɤɨɟ ɢ ɢɧɬɟ-ɪɟɫɧɨɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ. Ɏɋ – ɷɬɨ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɠɢɜɵɯ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ-ɨɛɴɹɫɧɢɦɵɦɢ, ɚ ɩɪɹɦɵɟ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɭɬɪɚ-ɱɟɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɵ1 : ɑɟɦ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɚɪɨɤ!; ɇɟɬ ɛɵ ɢɦ ɥɟɬɨɦ ɩɪɢɟɯɚɬɶ!; Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɝɨɪɨɞ!; ɏɨɬɶ ɨɬɤɚɡɵɜɚɣɫɹ ɨɬ ɷɬɨɣ ɢɞɟɢ!; Ɉɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɢ ɦɧɟ ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧɵ; Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɣɬɢ!; ɍ ɧɚɫ ɱɬɨ ɧɢ ɞɟɧɶ, ɬɨ ɧɟɨɠɢɞɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɞɪ. ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ Ɏɋ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɚ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ. ɋɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɟ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɧɟ ɢɫɱɟɪɩɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɨɛ-ɪɚɡɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ. Ɏɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɟɳɟ ɨɞɢɧ ɩɥɚɫɬ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ, ɢ ɢɯ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɫɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɬɨɬ ɩɪɨɛɟɥ ɜ ɩɨɥɧɨɬɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɪɟɩɟɪɬɭɚɪɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɤɚ ɟɳɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ. Ɏɋ – ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɫ ɬɟɨɪɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɞɚɸɬ ɜɨɡ-ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɟ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢ-ɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɚɦ. ɂɡɜɟɫɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɣ, ɚ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɨɦ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɨɥɨɝɢɢ. ɂɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɨ ɩɨɷ-ɬɨɦɭ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɭ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ, ɢɯ ɨɬ-ɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɢ ɨɬ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ. Ɉɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ Ɏɋ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɦɵɦ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟɦ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ. ɗɬɨ ɧɚ-ɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɲɢɪɨɤɢɣ ɤɪɭɝ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɯɚɪɚɤ-ɬɟɪɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ. Ɏɋ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɢɧ-ɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ, ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɜɵ-ɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ. ɂɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ Ɏɋ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɰɟɥɟɣ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨ-ɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɸ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɦ ɹɡɵɤɨɦ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧ-ɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ. Ⱦɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɷɬɨɬ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɜ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧ ɹɜɧɨ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚ-ɬɨɱɧɨ. Ɇɟɠɞɭ ɬɟɦ ɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ, ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨ-ɧɵ, ɷɬɨ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɹɟɬ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɡɚɩɚɫ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɚɳɢɯɫɹ, ɬɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ________________ 1Ɋɭɫɫɤɚɹ ɝɪɚɦɦɚɬɢɤɚ: ɜ 2-ɯ ɬɨɦɚɯ, ɩɨɞ ɪɟɞ. ɇ.ɘ. ɒɜɟɞɨɜɨɣ, ɬ. II, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 1980, c. 217.
ɱɬɨ Ɏɋ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ, ɨɧɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ, ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɵ, ɢ ɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɢ ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ. ɋ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, Ɏɋ ɬɪɭɞɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɰɟɜ, ɱɬɨ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧ-ɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ, ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɦɵ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɨɣ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ. ɐɟɥɶ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ – ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɵ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɝɨ, ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢ-ɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ Ɏɋ, ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦ ɩɪɟɩɨ-ɞɚɜɚɧɢɹ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɦ ɭɱɚɳɢɦɫɹ. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ Ɏɋ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢɯ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ. Ɏɋ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ – ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦɢ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɵɦɢ (ɫɜɨ-ɛɨɞɧɵɦɢ). ɉɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ. ɂɯ ɩɪɹɦɵɟ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɭɬɪɚɱɟɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɫɥɚɛ-ɥɟɧɵ. ȼ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ: ɱɟɦ ɧɟ; ɧɟɬ ɛɵ; ɬɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ; ɯɨɬɶ; ɨɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɚ ɦɧɟ; ɤɚɤ ɧɟ; ɱɬɨ ɧɢ,… ɬɨ... ɢ ɬ.ɞ. ɋɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɣ ɤɨɦ-ɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɦ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɣ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟɣ ɜ ɡɚɜɢ-ɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ. ȼ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɯ ɷɬɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɩɨɞɚɪɨɤ, ɩɪɢɟɯɚɬɶ, ɝɨɪɨɞ, ɨɬɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶɫɹ, ɷɤɡɚɦɟɧ, ɩɨɣɬɢ, ɞɟɧɶ… ɧɟɨ-ɠɢɞɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɏɋ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ: ɱɟɦ ɧɟ + ɫɭɳ.; ɧɟɬ ɛɵ + ɤɨɦɭ + ɢɧɮ.; ɬɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ + ɫɭɳ./ɝɥɚɝ.; ɯɨɬɶ + ɢɦɩɟɪ.; ɨɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɚ (ɷɬɨɬ, ɷɬɢ) ɦɧɟ + ɫɭɳ.; ɤɚɤ ɧɟ + ɢɧɮ.; ɱɬɨ ɧɢ + ɫɭɳ.…ɬɨ + ɫɭɳ. ɢ ɬ.ɞ. Ɏɋ ɜɨɫɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɦɨɞɟɥɶ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɦɚɹ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ-ɦɢ, ɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨ-ɧɟɧɬɚ. ɋɪ. ɪɟɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ Ɏɋ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɬɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ + ɫɭɳ.: Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɪɚɡɞɧɢɤ! Ɍɨ-ɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɨɦɨɳɧɢɤ! ɌɨɌɨ-ɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟ! ɌɨɌɨ-ɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɨɦɨɝ! Ⱦɚɥɟɟ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɚɪɢɚɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɬ.ɟ. ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɵ, ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɚɬɢɜɧɨ (Ɉɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɢ ɦɧɟ ɦɚɥɶɱɢɲɤɢ!; ɗɬɢ ɦɧɟ ɦɚɥɶɱɢɲɤɢ!; Ɉɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɢ ɦɚɥɶɱɢɲɤɢ). Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɵɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ Ɏɋ, ɬ.ɟ. ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɢɜɚ, ɫɨɫɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢ ɠɟɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɤɥɨɧɟ-ɧɢɹ (Ʉɚɤ ɧɟ ɩɨɣɬɢ; Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɣɬɢ; Ʉɚɤ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɟ ɩɨɣɬɢ; Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɣɬɢ). ȼɚɠɧɟɣɲɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ Ɏɋ – ɢɯ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɡɚɰɢɹ. ȼ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɢɢ ɫ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ Ɏɋ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɬ ɜ ɩɟɪɜɭɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɭɸ, ɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɢɯ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɚ ɝɥɚɜɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɟ ɧɚ ɨɬɪɚɠɟ-ɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɧɚ ɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɫɮɟɪɵ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ. ɋɎ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɦ ɧɟ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟ-ɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɨɛ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɦ ɦɢɪɟ (ɦɵ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɦ ɷɬɨ ɜ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚ-ɧɢɹɯ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ), ɚ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɢ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɚɤɬɟ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜɵ-ɪɚɡɢɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɰɢɢ. ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɦɵ
ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ-ɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ. ɋɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ Ɏɋ ɫɥɨɠɧɚ, ɦɧɨɝɨɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɧɚ. ȿɟ ɬɢɩɨɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦɭ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɭ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɪɟɞɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɨɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɦɚ. ɗɬɨ ɬɨ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɟ, ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɚɥɶ-ɧɨɫɬɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɶɸ Ɏɋ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɨ ɧɚ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɫɜɨ-ɛɨɞɧɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ. Ɍɢɩɨɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɟɞ-ɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ, ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ. Ɍɚɤ, ɜ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɯ: Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɝɨ-ɪɨɞ!; Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɪɚɡɞɧɢɤ!; Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɨɦɨɳɧɢɤ!; Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɨɦɨɝ!, pɟɚɥɢɡɭ-ɟɬɫɹ ɬɢɩɨɜɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɬɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ + ɫɭɳ./ɝɥɚɝ. − ‘ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ’. Ɋɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɨɦ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ Ɏɋ ɹɜɢɥɚɫɶ ɢɯ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɤɥɚɫɫɢ-ɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ. Ƚɪɭɩɩɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ ɩɨ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɭ – ɦɟɬɨɞɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɜ ɢɧɨ-ɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɚɭɞɢɬɨɪɢɢ. ɉɨ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɜɫɟ Ɏɋ ɞɟɥɹɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɲɟɫɬɶ ɫɟ-ɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ. 1. Ɏɋ, ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɭ: ȼɨɬ ɷɬɨ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ!; Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɨɧ ɩɟɜɟɰ!; Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɝɨɪɨɞ!; Ʌɟɫ ɤɚɤ ɥɟɫ ɢ ɞɪ.; 2. Ɏɋ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ-ɧɟɫɨ-ɝɥɚɫɢɹ, ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɢɹ-ɨɬɪɢɰɚɧɢɹ: ȿɯɚɬɶ ɬɚɤ ɟɯɚɬɶ!; Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ; Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɬɚɦ ɭɫɩɟɥ!; Ⱦɨ ɬɟɚɬɪɚ ɥɢ ɦɧɟ!; Ⱥ ɱɬɨ ɟɦɭ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ! ɢ ɞɪ.; 3. Ɏɋ ɫ ɦɨ-ɞɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ: Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɣɬɢ!; ɇɟɬ ɛɵ ɧɚɦ ɪɚɧɶɲɟ ɩɪɢɟɯɚɬɶ!; ɇɟ ɢɞɬɢ ɠɟ ɩɟɲɤɨɦ!; Ƚɞɟ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɭ ɜɫɟ ɷɬɨ ɡɚɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɢ ɞɪ.; 4. Ɏɋ, ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸ-ɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɢɫɤɥɸɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ: ɑɬɨ ɧɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬ, ɬɨ ɭɫɩɟɯ; Ɍɪɚɞɢɰɢɢ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɹɦ ɪɨɡɧɶ!; ȼɫɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨ ɧɨɜɨɦ ɮɢɥɶɦɟ!; ȿɦɭ ɛɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɩɚɬɶ! ɢ ɞɪ.; 5.Ɏɋ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɚɤɰɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ: Ʉɬɨ-ɤɬɨ, ɚ ɋɟɪɟɠɚ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɡɧɚɟɬ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ; Ɇɵ ɟɞɟɦ ɧɟ ɤɭɞɚ-ɧɢɛɭɞɶ, ɚ ɧɚ ɸɝ; 6. Ɏɋ, ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ: ɉɪɢɟɯɚɬɶ-ɬɨ ɨɧ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɟ-ɯɚɥ, ɧɨ ɩɪɢɫɥɚɥ ɩɢɫɶɦɨ; Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɪɚɛɨɬɨɣ, ɚ ɨɬɞɵɯɚɬɶ ɬɨɠɟ ɧɚɞɨ; Ⱦɨɛɪɨ ɛɵ ɮɢɥɶɦ ɛɵɥ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɵɣ, ɚ ɬɨ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ ɫɟɪɢɚɥ ɢ ɞɪ.2 Ɉɬɧɟɫɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ Ɏɋ ɤ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɝɪɭɩɩ – ɷɬɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɲɚɝ ɜ ɢɯ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɤɜɚɥɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ. Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɭɸɬ ɨɛɳɟɟ, ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɸɳɟɟ ɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ, ɩɪɟɞ-ɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɬɬɟɧɤɢ ɢ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɵ. Ʉɚɠɞɚɹ Ɏɋ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɢɧɞɢ-ɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ ɨɛɳɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ, ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɢ-ɦɢ ɟɟ ɨɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɯ ɟɟ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɧɟɩɨɜɬɨ-ɪɢɦɨɫɬɶ. Ɍɚɤ, ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ: ȼɨɬ ɷɬɨ ɰɜɟɬɵ!; ȼɫɟɦ ɰɜɟɬɚɦ ɰɜɟɬɵ! ɢ ɑɟɦ ɧɟ ɰɜɟɬɵ! ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɜɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɧɚɢɥɭɱɲɢɦɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ, ɜɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ‘ɥɭɱɲɢɟ ________________ 2ɋɦ. ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟ: Ⱥ.ȼ. ȼ ɟ ɥ ɢ ɱ ɤ ɨ, ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɞɥɹ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɢɧɨ-ɫɬɪɚɧɰɟɜ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 1996.
ɢɡ ɜɫɟɯ’, ɚ ɬɪɟɬɢɣ, ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɨɛɴɟɤ-ɬɚ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɦ, ɚ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ− ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɠɟ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɚ, ɬ.ɟ. ɨɬɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɧɰɢɸ ɭɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ. Ⱦɜɚ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ (Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɟɜɟɰ! Ɉɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɧɟ ɩɟɜɟɰ!) ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɜɨɟ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɭ ɥɢɰɚ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ (= ɩɥɨɯɨɣ ɩɟ-ɜɟɰ), ɚ ɜɬɨɪɨɟ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬ ɧɟ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ, ɚ ɟɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɩɟɪɟɞɚɟɬ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɮɪɚ-ɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɦ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟ-ɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬ, ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧ-ɧɵɣ ɩɪɨɦɟɠɭɬɨɤ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ. ɋɪ. ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɵ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɣ: Ɉɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɧɟ ɩɟɜɟɰ! Ɉɧ ɬɚɤ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɨɬɦɟɧɹɟɬ ɫɜɨɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɬɵ, ɧɚɜɟɪɧɨɟ, ɧɟ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɹɦ; Ɉɯ ɭɠ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɧɟ ɩɟɜɟɰ! Ɉɧ ɰɟɥɵɦɢ ɱɚɫɚɦɢ ɪɚɡɭɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɟɫɧɢ, ɩɨɟɬ, ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɢ ɦɟɲɚɟɬ ɧɚɦ. Ɏɋ, ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ ȿɯɚɬɶ ɬɚɤ ɟɯɚɬɶ! ɢ ɉɨɱɟɦɭ ɛɵ ɧɟ ɩɨɟɯɚɬɶ!, ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɟ ɫ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɟɣ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɦ ɟɟ ɚɫɩɟɤ-ɬɨɦ. Ɋɚɡɧɢɰɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɦɢ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɜɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɨɬɬɟɧɨɤ ɜɵɧɭɠɞɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ, ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɨɢɬ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɢɬɶ, ɬ.ɟ. ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɟ ɜɨɩɪɟɤɢ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɸ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ. ɗɬɨɬ ɨɬɬɟɧɨɤ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɹɦɢ ɧɭ ɱɬɨ ɠɟ, ɱɬɨ ɠɟ, ɩɪɟɞ-ɲɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɦɭ. ȼɬɨɪɚɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɫɨ-ɝɥɚɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɯɨɬɧɨ, ɛɟɡ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɝɨ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɜɵɪɚɠɚɟɬ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɟ ɫ ɨɬ-ɬɟɧɤɨɦ ɝɨɬɨɜɧɨɫɬɢ. ɋɪ. ɞɜɚ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɨɬɜɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɨɞɧɨ ɢ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ: Ɍɟɛɟ ɡɚɜɬɪɚ ɩɪɢɞɟɬɫɹ ɟɯɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɞɚɱɭ, ɨɬɜɟɡɬɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɟɳɢ 1) ɇɭ ɱɬɨ ɠ, ɟɯɚɬɶ ɬɚɤ ɟɯɚɬɶ. Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɧɚɞɨ ɥɟɱɶ ɩɨɪɚɧɶɲɟ; 2) Ⱥ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ ɛɵ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɨ-ɟɯɚɬɶ. ɉɨɝɨɞɚ ɯɨɪɨɲɚɹ, ɩɨɞɵɲɭ ɫɜɟɠɢɦ ɜɨɡɞɭɯɨɦ. Ɉɛɳɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ, ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɸɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧ-ɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɢɩɚ Ƚɨɪɨɞ ɟɫɬɶ ɝɨɪɨɞ; Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ; ɋɬɭɞɟɧɬ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɬɭɞɟɧɬ. ɂɯ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɚ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɞɜɭɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ: ɫɨɝɥɚɫɢɹ, ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɹ, ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ – ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ. ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨ-ɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɧɚɪɹɞɭ ɫ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ, ɫɭɳ-ɧɨɫɬɧɵɦɢ, ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɦɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ, ɤɨɧɧɨɬɚ-ɬɢɜɧɵɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɨɠɟ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ, ɧɨ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ, ɧɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ, ɬɨ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɨɝɥɚɲɚɬɶɫɹ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵ, ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵ ɞɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ. ɍɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɹ ɞɚɧɧɭɸ Ɏɋ, ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɜɫɩɨɦɢɧɚɟɬ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɟɬ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɭ ɨ ɟɫɬɟ-ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɯ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɧɨɬɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɜ ɢ ɪɟɲɚɟɬ ɫɚɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɭ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɢɯ ɤɚɤ ɞɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ. ȼ ɞɜɭɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹɯ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɷɬɭ Ɏɋ: ɏɨɬɹ ɦɵ ɠɢɜɟɦ ɧɚ ɬɢɯɨɣ ɭɥɢɰɟ ɢ ɭ ɧɚɫ ɡɟɥɟɧɵɣ ɞɜɨɪ, ɜɫɟ-ɬɚɤɢ ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɜ ɧɚɲɟɦ ɪɚɣɨɧɟ ɧɟ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɱɢɫɬɵɣ. Ƚɨɪɨɞ ɟɫɬɶ ɝɨɪɨɞ!; Ƚɨɪɨɞ ɧɚɲ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ, ɧɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɬɟɚɬɪ, ɞɜɚ ɦɭɡɟɹ, ɪɟɫɬɨɪɚɧɵ, ɩɪɟɤɪɚɫɧɚɹ ɛɢɛɥɢɨɬɟ-ɤɚ. Ƚɨɪɨɞ ɟɫɬɶ ɝɨɪɨɞ! – ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɝɨɪɨɞɚ. ȼ ɩɟɪ-ɜɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ, ɱɬɨ ɝɨɪɨɞ – ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɭɧɤɬ
ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ, ɧɨ ɢ ɦɟɫɬɨ, ɝɞɟ ɟɫɬɶ ɷɤɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ, ɚ ɜɨ ɜɬɨ-ɪɨɦ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɝɨɪɨɞɟ ɢɦɟɸɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɧ-ɬɟɪɟɫɧɨɝɨ ɨɬɞɵɯɚ, ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ. Ɏɋ ɫ ɨɛɳɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɧɢɹ Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɬɚɦ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɥ! ɢ Ʉɨɝɞɚ (Ɂɚɱɟɦ) ɦɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɱɢɬɚɬɶ! ɨɛɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɚɬɢɪɭɸɬ ɧɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɧɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ: ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɟɬ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ (= ɧɟ ɩɪɨɱɢɬɚɥ), ɜɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɟɬ ɱɚɫɬɧɵɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ (= ɧɟ ɛɵ-ɥɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɞɥɹ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ, ɧɟɡɚɱɟɦ ɛɵɛɵ-ɥɨ ɱɢɬɚɬɶ). Ɏɪɚɡɟɨɛɵ-ɥɨɝɢɡɦ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ Ⱦɨ ɱɬɟɧɢɹ ɥɢ ɦɧɟ! ɨɬɪɢɰɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɬɶɫɹ ɱɬɟɧɢɟɦ, ɯɨ-ɬɹ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɟ ɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɱɬɟɧɢɸ ɟɫɬɶ, ɚ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ Ⱥ ɱɬɨ ɦɧɟ ɱɬɟɧɢɟ! ɨɬɪɢɰɚɟɬ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫ ɤ ɫɚɦɨɦɭ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɡɚɧɹɬɢɸ, ɟɝɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ. ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɦ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɧɢɹ ȿɣ ɫɨɧ ɧɟ ɜ ɫɨɧ! ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɚ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ, ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟ (ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ, ɠɟ-ɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɠɟɠɟ-ɥɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ) ɭɬɪɚɬɢɥɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɫɜɨɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪ-ɠɚɧɢɟ, ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ. ɋɜɨɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɸ, ɫɨɛɵɬɢɸ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ ɧɟɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɵɦɢ, ɧɟɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ, ɧɟɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ, ɩɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɱɟɝɨ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɥɢ-ɰɚ, ɜɨɡɧɢɤɲɟɟ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɤɚɤɢɯ-ɥɢɛɨ ɩɪɢɱɢɧ. ɋɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɷɬɚɩ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ Ɏɋ – ɢɯ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ-ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜ-ɧɨɟ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ. ɉɪɚɤɬɢɤɚ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ Ɏɋ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɬɪɭɞ-ɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɩɥɚɧɟ ɢɯ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ, ɧɨ ɢ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ. ɋɪ. ɧɟɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɧɨɟ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɰɟɦ Ɏɋ ɜ ɪɟɱɶ: *ȼɱɟɪɚ ɹ ɯɨɞɢɥɚ ɜ ɤɢɧɨ, ɩɨ-ɫɦɨɬɪɟɥɚ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɮɪɚɧɰɭɡɫɤɢɣ ɮɢɥɶɦ. ɑɟɦ ɧɟ ɮɢɥɶɦ! ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɤɚɡɚ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɟɞɢ-ɧɢɰ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɮɪɚɡɟɨɥɨɝɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪ, ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɢɟɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɥɚɧɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɪɨɞ-ɧɨɦɭ ɢ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɪɨɞ-ɧɨɦɭ ɹɡɵɤɭ. Ʌ.ɋ. ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɢɣ ɩɢɲɟɬ: „ɍɫɜɨɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɢɞɟɬ ɩɭɬɟɦ, ɩɪɹɦɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɦ ɬɨɦɭ, ɤɚɤ ɢɞɟɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɹɡɵɤɚ […]. Ɋɟɛɟɧɨɤ ɭɫɜɚɢɜɚɟɬ ɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɹɡɵɤ ɧɟɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɧɨ ɢ ɧɟɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɨ, ɚ ɢɧɨ-ɫɬɪɚɧɧɵɣ – ɧɚɱɢɧɚɹ ɫ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ”3 . Ɉɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ – ɷɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɨɩɢɫɚɬɶ „ɠɢɡɧɶ” ɹɡɵ-ɤɨɜɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ, ɨɩɢɫɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ, ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɬɶ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɢɯ ɩɨɜɟɞɟ-ɧɢɹ, ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɟɱɟɜɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ɏɋ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢ-ɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɭɬɟɦ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨ-ɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɯ ɜ ɪɟɱɢ, ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɟ ɫ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦ, ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɦ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ. ɉɟɪɜɨɟ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɞɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɏɋ – ɷɬɨ ɬɨ, ɱɬɨ Ɏɋ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɢɡɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɨ. Ⱦɟɥɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ Ɏɋ ɜɵɪɚɠɚ-ɸɬ ɮɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ, ɬ.ɟ. ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɜɵɪɚɠɚ-ɸɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ, ɚ ɪɟɚɝɢɪɭɜɵɪɚɠɚ-ɸɬ ɧɚ ɧɟɟ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɧɢ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɸɬɫɹ „ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɱɟɦ-ɬɨ”, „ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɱɟɝɨ-ɬɨ”. Ɏɋ – ɷɬɨ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɢɥɢ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸ, ɚ ɧɟ ɫɚɦɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ. ɗɬɚ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚ-________________ 3Ʌ.ɋ. ȼ ɵ ɝ ɨ ɬ ɫ ɤ ɢ ɣ, Ɇɵɲɥɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɱɶ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ–Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞ 1934.
ɰɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɹɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɦ Ɏɋ, ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ Ɏɋ ɧɟ ɧɚɱɢ-ɧɚɟɬ ɪɟɱɶ, ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ ɪɟɱɢ. ɑɬɨɛɵ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬ! ɇɟɨɛɯɨɞɢ-ɦɨ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɱɬɨ-ɬɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɢɬɶ ɨ ɩɨɫɟɳɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬɚ, ɢɥɢ ɭɫɥɵɲɚɬɶ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɚ ɨ ɧɟɦ. ȿɫɥɢ ɩɪɨɢɡɧɟɫɬɢ ɷɬɨ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɨɝɞɚ, ɤɚɤ ɞɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɪɟɱɢ ɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬɟ, ɬɨ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤ ɜɵɧɭɠɞɟɧ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɫɩɪɨɫɢɬɶ: Ɍɵ ɨ ɱɟɦ ɝɨɜɨ-ɪɢɲɶ, ɨ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬɟ? ɋɪ. ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ: ȼɱɟɪɚ ɹ ɛɵɥ ɜ ɤɨɧ-ɫɟɪɜɚɬɨɪɢɢ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬɟ. Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬ! ɋɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɜɚɠɧɵ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɵɟ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɵ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɚ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɢɫ-ɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɹ Ɏɋ. ɋɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɚ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫ Ɏɋ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɦɢ-ɧɢɦɭɦ ɬɪɢ ɡɜɟɧɚ: 1. ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ, ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɳɚɹ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ; 2. ɪɟɚɤ-ɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɧɟɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ Ɏɋ; 3. ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɚɪɟɚɤ-ɰɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ Ɏɋ. ɋɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ Ɏɋ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɞɥɹ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ Ɏɋ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɧɚɱɚɥɨɦ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɟ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɮɚɤ-ɬɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ (ɫɪ. ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɨ ɤɨɧɰɟɪɬɟ). ȿɫɥɢ ɠɟ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ, ɬɨ ɨɧ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ. ɇɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ȼɫɟɦ ɩɢɪɨɝɚɦ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɟɟ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɫɪɚɜɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɞ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ, ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɬɬɟɧɤɚ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ: ȼɱɟɪɚ ɜ ɝɨ-ɫɬɹɯ ɹ ɟɥɚ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ. Ɉɧɢ ɛɵɥɢ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɜɤɭɫɧɵɟ ɢ ɤɪɚɫɢɜɵɟ. ȼɫɟɦ ɩɢɪɨɝɚɦ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ! ə ɬɚɤɢɯ ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɟɥɚ. ȼɬɨɪɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɨɩɭɫɬɢɬɶ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ, ɛɟɡ ɧɟɝɨ ɧɚ-ɪɭɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɥɨɝɢɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ Ɏɋ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ Ɏɋ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɦɨɠ-ɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɢ ɛɟɡ ɫɪɟɞɧɟɝɨ ɡɜɟɧɚ: ȼɱɟɪɚ ɜ ɝɨɫɬɹɯ ɹ ɟɥɚ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ. ȼɨɬ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥɢ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ! Ʉɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɫɥɨɜɨɦ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: ȼɱɟɪɚ ɹ ɟɥɚ ɜ ɝɨɫɬɹɯ ɱɭɞɟɫɧɵɟ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ. ȼɫɟɦ ɩɢɪɨɝɚɦ ɩɢɪɨɝɢ! ȼ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɦ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɱɟɦ ɧɟ + ɫɭɳ. ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɢ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɚ ɢɥɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɥɢɰ, ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɳɟɦɫɹ ɨɬ ɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ, ɢɥɢ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɢɯ ɥɢɰ: – Ɇɧɟ ɧɟ ɧɪɚɜɢɬɫɹ ɷɬɨɬ ɮɢɥɶɦ. Ƚɥɭɩɵɣ ɤɚɤɨɣ-ɬɨ. – ɇɚɩɪɚɫɧɨ ɬɵ ɬɚɤ ɞɭɦɚ-ɟɲɶ. ɗɬɨ ɜɟɞɶ ɤɨɦɟɞɢɹ, ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɬɨɧɤɨɝɨ ɸɦɨɪɚ. ɑɟɦ ɧɟ ɮɢɥɶɦ! ɉɪɢɱɢɧɨɣ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɚ-ɦɨɝɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ, ɱɬɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹɯ (ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧ-ɧɢɣ ɦɨɧɨɥɨɝ-ɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ): Ɇɧɨɝɢɦ ɮɢɥɶɦ ɧɟ ɩɨɧɪɚɜɢɥɫɹ. Ⱥ ɹ ɩɨɫɦɨɬɪɟɥɚ ɫ ɭɞɨɜɨɥɶɫɬɜɢɟɦ. Ɍɨɧɤɚɹ, ɫɦɟɲɧɚɹ ɤɨɦɟɞɢɹ. ɑɟɦ ɧɟ ɮɢɥɶɦ! Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɫɥɨɜɨɦ, ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɩɨɜɨɞ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ Ɏɋ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɭɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɫ Ɏɋ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ. Ɉɛɪɵɜɚɬɶ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬ ɧɚ Ɏɋ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɛɵɜɚɟɬ ɬɚɤ ɠɟ ɧɟɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶ ɫ ɧɟɟ. ɉɨɫɥɟɞɭɸ-ɳɢɣ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɶ ɚɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɸ ɢɥɢ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɫɨ-ɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɹ Ɏɋ: ɇɟ ɡɥɢɫɶ ɧɚ ɪɟɛɹɬ, ɩɭɫɬɶ ɨɧɢ ɩɨɛɟɝɚɸɬ, ɩɨɲɭɦɹɬ. Ⱦɟɬɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɞɟɬɢ. Ⱦɥɹ ɧɢɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵ, ɜ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɧɢ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ, ɤɪɟɩɧɭɬ; ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦ ɪɨɡɧɶ! Ʉ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦ ɧɚɞɨ ɩɨɞɨɣɬɢ ɫɟɪɶɟɡɧɨ, ɚ ɤ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢɫɶ ɫ ɸɦɨɪɨɦ. Ⱥɪɝɭɦɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɩɨɹɫɧɹɟɬ ɫɥɭɲɚɬɟɥɸ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ
ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ, ɷɬɢɦ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬ ɨɞɧɨ ɢɡ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɚɜɢɥ ɨɛ-ɳɟɧɢɹ – ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɬɶ ɭɜɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɭ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɵ ɫɥɭɲɚɬɟɥɹ. ɉɨɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ – ɷɬɨ ɧɟɪɟɞɤɨ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ, ɩɨ ɫɭɬɢ, ɩɨɜɬɨɪɹɟɬ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ Ɏɋ, ɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɫɢɧɬɚɤ-ɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ: ɍ Ʉɚɬɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɢ ɬɪɭɞɧɨɫɬɢ, ɨɧɚ ɦɟɧɹ ɩɪɨɫɢɥɚ ɩɪɢɣɬɢ, ɩɨɦɨɱɶ ɟɣ, ɠɞɚɥɚ ɦɟɧɹ. Ʉɚɤ ɛɵɥɨ ɧɟ ɩɨɣɬɢ! ə ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɥ ɩɨɣɬɢ; Ɍɵ ɫɩɪɚ-ɲɢɜɚɟɲɶ, ɤɭɩɢɥ ɥɢ ɹ ɷɬɭ ɤɧɢɝɭ. Ʉɚɤɨɣ ɬɚɦ ɤɭɩɢɥ! Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɨ, ɧɟ ɤɭɩɢɥ. Ʉɧɢɝɚ ɡɚ-ɤɨɧɱɢɥɚɫɶ; ɇɪɚɜɢɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɦɧɟ ɷɬɨɬ ɚɤɬɟɪ? Ⱥɤɬɟɪ ɤɚɤ ɚɤɬɟɪ. ɋɚɦɵɣ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɣ, ɧɢɱɟɝɨ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɝɨ. Ɍɚɤɢɯ ɦɧɨɝɨ. Ɍɚɤɢɟ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɟɧɢɹ, ɜɚɪɶɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ȼ.Ƚ. Ƚɚɤ, ɫɱɢɬɚɹ ɢɯ ɬɢɩɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɦ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɪɟɱɢ, ɜɤɥɸɱɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹ-ɧɢɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ. (ɋɪ. ɟɝɨ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ: Ɉɧɚ ɢɝɪɚɥɚ ɢɡɭɦɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ! Ɉɞɢɧ ɜɨɫɬɨɪɝ! ɑɭɞ-ɧɨ ɢɝɪɚɥɚ). Ɉɧ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɩɨɜɬɨɪɵ ɷɦɨɬɢɜɧɵɦɢ ɛɥɨɤɚɦɢ ɢ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɹɟɬ ɢɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɢɦ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɟɦ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɭɫɢɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɥɥɨ-ɤɭɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɟɝɨ ɷɦɨɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɢɥɵ4 . ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫ Ɏɋ ɦɵ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɜɚɪɶɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɫɨɡɞɚ-ɟɬ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨ-ɷɦɨɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɛɥɨɤɢ. ȼɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɟ ɛɥɨɤ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɸ ɞɨɩɨɥɧɹɸɳɟɝɨ, ɭɬɨɱɧɹɸɳɟɝɨ, ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟ-ɪɚ (Ɍɵ ɤɭɩɢɥɚ ɱɭɞɟɫɧɵɟ ɰɜɟɬɵ. ȼɫɟɦ ɰɜɟɬɚɦ ɰɜɟɬɵ! Ɉɧɢ ɩɪɟɤɯɚɪɚɤɬɟ-ɪɚɫɧɵ! ə ɬɚɤɢɯ ɪɚɧɶɲɟ ɧɟ ɜɢɞɟɥ). ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ Ɏɋ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɟɫɬɢ ɫ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɫ ɨɬɜɟɬɧɵɦɢ ɪɟɩɥɢɤɚɦɢ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɚ: ɑɟɦ ɧɟ ɪɚɞɨɫɬɶ!; Ȼɟɡ ɱɟɝɨ ɦɧɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɬɪɭɞɧɨ, ɬɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɛɟɡ ɛɥɢɡɤɢɯ ɞɪɭɡɟɣ; ɗɬɨ ɥɢ ɧɟ ɭɞɚɱɚ!; Ⱦɨ ɪɚɡ-ɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɣ ɥɢ ɦɧɟ ɫɟɣɱɚɫ!; Ʉɭɩɢɬɶ-ɬɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɪɶ ɹ ɤɭɩɢɥɚ, ɧɨ ɨɧ ɧɟɩɨɥɧɵɣ. ȼɤɥɸ-ɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɦɨɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɟɱɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɟɬ ɢɦɢɬɚɰɢɸ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɚ. Ƚɨɜɨɪɹɳɢɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɯ, ɟɫɥɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɢɥɢ ɨɩɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɜɧɢ-ɦɚɧɢɟ ɤ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɸ ɩɚɞɚɟɬ. Ɉɧɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɬ ɩɪɢɜɥɟɱɶ ɜɧɢɜɧɢ-ɦɚɧɢɟ ɫɥɭɲɚ-ɬɟɥɹ, ɨɠɢɜɢɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ. Ɉɩɢɫɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɚ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɏɋ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ, ɨɩɢɪɚɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ ɩɪɚɝɦɚɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ. ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɢɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ: 1. ɢɧ-ɬɟɪɟɫɵ, ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ (ɢɧɬɟɧɰɢɢ) ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ, 2. ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɬɚ, 3. ɯɚɪɚɤ-ɬɟɪ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɚɞɪɟɫɚɬɚ, 3 ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɨɛ-ɳɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɞɪ. ɏɨɬɹ Ɏɋ – ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɟɱɢ, ɢ ɫɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɫɟ-ɛɟ ɨɧɢ ɧɟ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɬɢɥɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɧɵɦɢ, ɧɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɬɶ ɨɝɪɚɧɢ-ɱɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɢɯ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ. ɋɪ. ɧɟɤɨɪɪɟɤɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ Ɍɨɠɟ ɦɧɟ ɩɨɦɨɳɧɢɤ! ɩɪɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɢɢ ɤ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɭ. ȼɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɦɚɥɨ ɥɢ ɱɬɨ/ɤɭɞɚ/ɨ ɱɟɦ…, ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɵ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɨɛɟɫɟɞɧɢɤɚ ɢɥɢ ________________ 4ȼ.Ƚ. Ƚ ɚ ɤ, ɋɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɨɤ, [ɜ:] Ɏɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɤɚ. Ɉɰɟɧɤɚ, ɷɤɫɩɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ, ɦɨɞɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ1996.
ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɥɢɰɭ, ɫɬɚɪɲɟɦɭ ɩɨ ɜɨɡɪɚɫɬɭ ɢɥɢ ɩɨ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɭ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɹɬɵ ɤɚɤ ɝɪɭɛɵɟ, ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɟ ɩɪɟɧɟɛɪɟɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ, ɧɟɭɜɚ-ɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɥɢɰɭ, ɤ ɟɝɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ (ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ: – ə ɜɟɞɶ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɜɚɥ ɬɟɛɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ! – Ɇɚɥɨ ɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɬɵ ɫɨɜɟɬɨɜɚɥ!). ȼɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɛɚɧɞɢɬ! ɡɜɭɱɢɬ ɪɟɲɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɚɝɪɟɫɫɢɜɧɨ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟ-ɧɢɸ ɤ ɪɨɜɟɫɧɢɤɭ, ɧɟɞɨɩɭɫɬɢɦɨ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɨɬɧɨɲɟ-ɧɢɸ ɤ ɫɬɚɪɲɟɦɭ, ɬɨɝɞɚ ɤɚɤ ɜɵɫɤɚ-ɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨɣ ɠɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɤ ɦɨɥɨɞɨɣ ɞɟɜɭɲɤɟ ɡɜɭɱɚɬ ɥɢɲɶ ɤɚɤ ɥɟɝɤɢɣ ɭɤɨɪ (Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɥɟɧɢɜɢɰɚ!, Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɫɨɧɹ!), ɚ ɜ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɟ ɫ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɨ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɟ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɢɧɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɟ, ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɭɦɢɥɟɧɢɟ (Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɧɟɩɨɫɟɞɚ!, Ⱥɯ ɬɵ ɟɝɨɡɚ!, Ⱥɯ ɨɧɚ ɛɚɥɨɜ-ɧɢɰɚ!). Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɫɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɦɢ ɩɪɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɧɨ-ɫɟɦɚɧɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɢɯ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɢ. Ɂɧɚɧɢɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢ-ɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ Ɏɋ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬ ɢɧɨɫɬɪɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɭɱɚɳɟɦɭɫɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɢɡɛɟɝɚɬɶ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɧɟɭɞɚɱ.
