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Kilka aspektów szkodliwego działania na drewniane obiekty polichromowane roztworów toluenowych stosowanych w zabiegach impregnacji wzmacniającej

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+INGAõ3ZCZEPIåSKA

Zakład Konserwacji Malarstwa i Rzeźby Polichromowanej UMK

Kilka aspektów szkodliwego działania

na drewniane obiekty polichromowane

roztworów toluenowych stosowanych

w zabiegach impregnacji wzmacniającej

*

Zagadnienia wstępne

Pojęcie zabiegu impregnacji.

Mechanizm przenikania roztworów

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