2/*$$172:6.$*25Ą&=1,$.*+$11$.Ïý.$.5(1=**$1'5=(-6,.256.,*** 5<7(,:<'5$3<:$1(027<:< 1$1$&=<1,$&+=26752:$7806.,(*2:32=1$1,8 ,1&,6('$1'6&5$7&+('027,)6 2187(16,/6)5202675Ï:7806.,,132=1$ē Abstract: 'XULQJH[FDYDWLRQVFDUULHGRXWLQ2VWUyZ7XPVNLE\WKH,QVWLWXWHRI3UHKLVWRU\RIWKH3R]QDĔ 8QLYHUVLW\DVPDOOFROOHFWLRQRIXWHQVLOVZDVIRXQGZLWKLQFLVHGRUVFUDWFKHGPRWLIVZKLFKDUHUHPLQLV FHQWRIGHFRUDWLRQV )LJXUH 7KHFROOHFWLRQLQFOXGHVDQHDUO\PHGLHYDOPXJ WK±PLGWKF )LJXUH DVZHOODVMDUVDQGDSODWH " WKF )LJXUH ZLWKP\VWHULRXVVLJQVSODFHGRQWKHUHFHSWDFOHV EHIRUHWKH\ZHUH¿UHG LQFLVLRQV UHFHSWDFOHDQG DQGLQWKHFRXUVHRIXVHWKHUHRI VFUDWFKHGZLWKD VKDUSREMHFW UHFHSWDFOHDQG 7KH\ZHUHH[FDYDWHGLQWKHGXFDOJDUGHQQH[WWRWKHSDODFHDQGVDFUDO FRPSOH[ UHFHSWDFOH DQGWKH*RWKLF6W0DU\¶VFKXUFKDQGWKHDGMDFHQWFHPHWHU\ UHFHSWDFOH DVZHOO DVLQWKHQRUWKHUQSDUWRIWKHLVODQG UHFHSWDFOHVDQG 7KH\ZHUHH[FDYDWHGIURPFXOWXUDOOD\HUV UHFHSWDFOH IURPDZHOO¶VWKLOO UHFHSWDFOH DZRRGHQZDVWHSRQGZKHUH¿VKZHUHNHSW " UHFHSWD FOH DQGDEDFN¿OORIDQRWKHUZHOO UHFHSWDFOH 2QWKHHDUO\PHGLHYDOPXJZKHUHWKHQHFNEHFRPHVDERG\LWWKHPLGGOHRILWVFLUFXPIHUHQFHSDUDOOHO WR WKH UHFHSWDFOH¶V HGJH WKHUH DUH VLJQV LQ WKH IRUP RI D YHUWLFDO OLQH D VTXDUH DQRWKHU YHUWLFDO OLQH WRSSHGZLWKWLQ\SDUDOOHOLQFLVLRQVDQGWZRFURVVLQJOLQHVLQFLVHGZLWKDVKDUSREMHFWLQDGULHGXWHQVLO EHIRUHLWZDV¿UHG )LJXUH 2QWKHXSSHUSDUWRIWKHERG\RIDQDOPRVWFRPSOHWHO\SUHVHUYHGMDU IRXUFURVVLQJOLQHVZHUHVFUDWFKHGWRIRUPDVWDUDORRSWKUHHLQWHUVHFWLQJOLQHV±DVWDUWKHOHWWHU³<´ ZLWKWKUHHSHUSHQGLFXODUOLQHVLQWKHORZHUSDUWDQGVOLJKWO\ORZHUDERDWDFUHVFHQW " )LJXUH 2QDQRWKHUMDULQWKHXSSHUSDUWRILWVERG\QH[WWRWKHKDQGOHDVKDUSREMHFWZDVXVHGWRVFUDWFKDQ LQVFULSWLRQPDGHRI³OHWWHUV´ )LJXUH $WWKHERWWRPRIDERZO " DSRWWHULQFLVHGZLWKDVKDUS REMHFWDOLO\DQGDQDQFKRUFURVV :KLOHRQO\IRXUVSHFLPHQVKDYHEHHQH[FDYDWHGLQ2VWUyZ7XPVNLLQ3R]QDĔDQGWKHVLJQVDUHKDUGWR LQWHUSUHWDQDWWHPSWFDQEHPDGHWRH[SODLQWKHUHDVRQVZK\WKH\ZHUHSODFHGRQWKHUHFHSWDFOHV7KH LQFLVLRQVRQWZRRIWKHPZHUHPDGHEHIRUHWKHUHFHSWDFOHVZHUH¿UHGKHQFHWKH\FDQEHDWWULEXWHGWR WKHSRWWHUV¶ZRUN,QWKHFDVHRIWKHPXJ )LJXUH WKHIDFWWKDWLWZDVPDGHE\WKHVDPHSHUVRQ ZDVHPSKDVL]HG7KHDFWRILQFLVLQJWKHERWWRPRIWKHRWKHUXWHQVLO )LJXUH PD\KDYHVRPHWKLQJ
* 25&,' :\G]LDá$UFKHRORJLL 8$0 XO 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3R]QDĔVNLHJR
3R]QDĔ ROJDDJ#DPXHGXSO
** 25&,' :\G]LDá$UFKHRORJLL 8$0 XO 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3R]QDĔVNLHJR
3R]QDĔ NRFNUHQ]#DPXHGXSO
*** 25&,' :\G]LDá$UFKHRORJLL 8$0 XO 8QLZHUV\WHWX 3R]QDĔVNLHJR
3R]QDĔ DQGV#DPXHGXSO 6ODYLD $QWLTXD
LX (2019)
2OJD$QWRZVND*RUąF]QLDN+DQQD.yþND.UHQ]$QGU]HM6LNRUVNL WRGRZLWKLWEHLQJPDGHIRUDVSHFL¿FJURXSRIXVHUV2QWKHRWKHUKDQGWKHWZRUHPDLQLQJUHFHSWDFOHV ZHUHVFUDWFKHGZKHQWKH\ZHUHUHDG\VRWKH\ZHUHPDUNHGE\WKHRZQHUVDWWKHH[SHQVHRIWKHXWHQVLOV¶ ORRNV7KHMXJZDVSUHVHUYHGDOPRVWLQWDFW )LJXUHV DQGFRXOGKROGOLWUHVRIOLTXLG,WLV FRYHUHGZLWKV\PEROVPHDQLQJIXOWRLWVRZQHUSHUKDSVLGHQWLI\LQJKLPKHU$SLHFHRIWKHMXJ )LJXUHV EHDUVDQLQVFULSWLRQZKLFKZLWKVRPHFDXWLRQPD\EHLQWHUSUHWHGDVGLDOHFWDOZRUGVRI*HUPDQ RU'XWFKRULJLQPHDQLQJ³P\ GULQNLQJ XWHQVLO´,UUHVSHFWLYHRIWKHFRUUHFWQHVVRI³GHFLSKHULQJ´WKH VFUDWFKHGVLJQVWKHVHDUHXQGRXEWHGO\XQLTXHKDQGZULWWHQLQVFULSWLRQVIURPWKHVHFRQGKDOIRIWKHWK FHQWXU\,IDQ\WKLQJLWLVDJRRGUHDVRQWRGHYRWHDWWHQWLRQWRWKHP Keywords: 3R]QDĔWKWKFHQWXULHVXWHQVLOVZLWKLQFLVHGVFUDWFKHGPDUNV 3RGF]DVEDGDĔZ\NRSDOLVNRZ\FKSURZDG]RQ\FKSU]H],QVW\WXW3UDKLVWRULL8$0 QD 2VWURZLH 7XPVNLP Z 3R]QDQLX SR]\VNDQR QLHOLF]Q\ ]ELyU SRMHPQLNyZ R]QD F]RQ\FKSRSU]H]Z\U\FLHOXEZ\GUDSDQLHPRW\ZyZNWyUHQLHQRV]ąFHFKGHNRUD FML 1D SRGVWDZLH FHFK WHFKQRVW\OLVW\F]Q\FK PRĪQD WH QDF]\QLD SU]\SLVDü GR GZyFK RNUHVyZ MHGQR GR ,; ± SRáRZ\ ; Z U\F WU]\ ]DĞ GR ;9, Z U\F SRU 0LD]JD 6DQNLHZLF] L 6LNRUVNL WDP GDOV]D OLW /HFK V
5\W\SLNWRJUDP\LWUXGQHZLQWHUSUHWDFMLZ\REUDĪHQLDVSRUDG\F]QLHUHMHVWURZD QH E\á\ QD SUDG]LHMRZ\FK SRU *HGLJD .ZDSLĔVNL 0DNLHZLF] %XJDM .DF]PDUHNV ĞUHGQLRZLHF]Q\FK 6NURNV LQRZRĪ\WQ\FK $QGU]HMHZVNL 3RFK\OVNL.RZDOF]\N Z\UREDFKJOLQLD Q\FK 2GQRWRZXMHP\ MH JáyZQLH QD FHUDPLFH QDF]\QLRZHM %RRP V LQ *HGOVLQ :ĊJU]\QRZLF]VLQ SU]ĊĞOLNDFKNDÀDFK Sá\WRZ\FK ] ;9,;9,,, Z *U\JLHO V 6XSU\Q V )RQIHUHN V L Q FHUDPLFH EXGRZODQHM 'UąĪNRZVNL 5R]HQHUVND L .R VW\QRZLF] VU\F 0DáDFKRZLF]VU\F 6NRZURĔ VNDVU\F OXEEU\áNDFKSROHS\ 6NURNV (OHPHQW\WH U\WR SDW\NLHP OXE QRĪHP Z\NRQ\ZDQR ]D SRPRFą UDGHáND RGFLVNDQR Z PDWU\ FDFK PDORZDQR SĊG]HONLHP QS QD G]EDQLH ] -DQLV]HZD $QGU]HMHZVNL U\F OXE Z\GUDS\ZDQR QD JRWRZ\FK Z\UREDFK :ĞUyG QLFK Z\UyĪQLü PRĪQD ÄU\VXQNL´ .RVWU]HZVNL 6LNRUVNL WDPGDOV]DOLW QDSLV\GDW\LLQLFMD á\ QD SROHSLH %XNR V QDF]\QLDFK 0DOLQRZVND U\F 6]ZHGU\F 0DUFLQNRZVNLVLQ QDNDÀDFK 'ąEURZVND V -DQLDN V L Q 6XSU\Q V ]QDNL JDUQFDUVNLH SRU%XNRV -DQLDNV V\JQDWXU\ZDUV]WDWyZ SRU.D PLĔVNL V OXE LQQH QLHRNUHĞORQH ]QDF]HQLRZR PRW\Z\
:F]HVQRĞUHGQLRZLHF]Q\ NXEHN RUD] ZF]HVQRQRZRĪ\WQH G]EDQ\ L WDOHU] " ]SR]QDĔVNLHMZ\VS\NDWHGUDOQHM]DOLF]\üPRĪQDGRZ\UREyZ]]DJDGNRZ\PL]QD NDPL Z\NRQDQ\PL QD XIRUPRZDQ\FK SRMHPQLNDFK SU]HG LFK Z\SDáHP U\FLH QD F]\QLHL LZWUDNFLHXĪ\ZDQLD Z\GUDSDQHRVWU\PQDU]ĊG]LHP QDF]\QLHL 3R]\VNDQRMH ZREUĊELHJUyGNDNVLąĪĊFHJRSU]\]HVSROHSDáDFRZRVDNUDOQ\P SRU .yþND.UHQ]EV LQ QDF]\QLH LJRW\FNLPNRĞFLHOH103]SU]\OHJá\P FPHQWDU]HP QDF]\QLH RUD] Z SyáQRFQHM F]ĊĞFL Z\VS\ SyáQRFQ\ F]áRQ JURGX
Ryte i wydrapywane motywy na naczyniach z Ostrowa Tumskiego w Poznaniu ]DV\S\ZDQ\ RG ;9 ± SRF] ;9, Z SRU .yþND.UHQ] D V /HFK 6LNRUVNLL6SUHQJHUV QDF]\QLHL )UDJPHQW\LSUDZLHFDáHSRMHP QLNL U\F Z\GRE\WH ]RVWDá\ ] ZDUVWZ NXOWXURZ\FK QDF]\QLH ± 2VWUyZ7XP VNLVWDQ >27 @ ]HVSąJXVWXGQL QDF]\QLH±27 LSRGREQLHGDWRZDQHJR GUHZQLDQHJR RGVWRMQLND GR SU]HWU]\P\ZDQLD U\E " QDF]\QLH ± 27 L ] ]D V\SLVND GUXJLHM VWXGQL QDF]\QLH ± 27
23,6&(5$0,.,
Kubek QDF]\QLH QU LQZ 27 U\F
3RQLĪHM SR]LRPX XĪ\WNRZHJR SDODWLXP ]DUHMHVWURZDQR VáDER SUR¿ORZDQ\ SR MHPQLN F]ĊĞFLRZR REWDF]DQ\ ± W\ONR Z JyUQHM F]ĊĞFL ± QD ZROQRREURWRZ\P NROH JDUQFDUVNLPSRSRGVXV]HQLXF]HUHSXZ\UyZQ\ZDQ\NDQWHPGUHZQLDQHJRJáDG]LND :\SDá XWOHQLDMąF\ Z QLHNRQWURORZDQ\FK ZDUXQNDFK ĞFLDQND ]HZQĊWU]QD EDUG]R FLHPQRV]DUREUą]RZD L FLHPQREUą]RZD ± <5 ZHZQĊWU]QD EDUG]R FLHPQRV]DUD ± <5 SRU 0XQVHOO .XEHN QLH QRVL Z\UDĨQ\FK ĞODGyZ XĪ\WNRZDQLD EUDNVWDUüPHFKDQLF]Q\FK±WZDUGRĞüSRZLHU]FKQLRZDĞFLDQHNRNRáR 20ZVNDOL0RVKD :PLHMVFXSU]HMĞFLDV]\MNLZEU]XVLHüQDSRáRZLHMHJRREZRGX UyZQROHJOH GR EU]HJX QDF]\QLD ZLGQLHMą ]QDNL Z SRVWDFL SLRQRZHM NUHVNL NZD GUDWX NROHMQHM SLRQRZHM NUHVNL ]ZLHĔF]RQHM UyZQROHJá\PL GUREQ\PL QDFLĊFLDPL LGZyFKNU]\ĪXMąF\FKVLĊNUHVHNNWyUHZ\U\WRRVWU\PQDU]ĊG]LHPQDSRGHVFKQLĊ W\P QDF]\QLX SU]HG MHJR Z\SDáHP
:\PLDU\QDF]\QLD Z\VRNRĞü±FPĞUHGQLFDZ\OHZX±FPĞUHG QLFD OHNNR ZNOĊVáHJR GQD ] SRGV\SNą SLDVNX L QLHV\PHWU\F]QLH XV\WXRZDQ\P QH JDW\ZHPSRQLHUXFKRPHMRVLNRáDJDUQFDUVNLHJR±FP.XEHNRSRMHPQRĞFL RNRáR OLWUD
']EDQ QDF]\QLH QU LQZ 27 Z U\F U\F
= GQD VWXGQL QRZRĪ\WQHM SRáRĪRQHM QD SODFX SU]\ NRĞFLHOH 103 U\F Z\GRE\WR FHJODVWH QDF]\QLH WRF]RQH ] RGFLQDQ\P GQHP SRNU\WH ELDáRNUHPRZą DQJREą R RGFLHQLX EDUG]R EODGREUą]RZ\P <5 ± Z\ĞZLH FRQH ± ] Z\MąWNLHP GQD ± QD FDáHM SRZLHU]FKQL ]HZQĊWU]QHM ']EDQ ] OHNNR RG FK\ORQ\PZSUDZRPDV\ZQ\PXFKHP]RVWDá]DSHZQH]DQXU]RQ\ZZ\ELHODMąF\P UR]WZRU]H JOLQNL JG\Ī DQJRED F]ĊĞFLRZR ZODáD VLĊ GR ZQĊWU]D SRMHPQLND :\SDá XWOHQLDMąF\NRQWURORZDQ\DQJREDGRVNRQDOHVSLHF]RQD]SRGáRĪHP:\UyERG]QD F]D VLĊ Z\VRNLPL ZDORUDPL XĪ\WNRZRHVWHW\F]Q\PL G]LĊNL LPSUHJQDFML L OĞQLąFR ELDáHM SRZLHU]FKQL 3RGREQH QDF]\QLD EĊGąFH VZHJR URG]DMX QDĞODGRZQLFWZHP PDMROLNL ZáRVNLHM SRMDZLDá\ VLĊ VSRUDG\F]QLH Z ;9, Z 0RJLOQR FKRü ZLĊNV]ą SRSXODUQRĞü ]\VNDá\ Z NROHMQ\FK VWXOHFLDFK /HFK V WDP GDOV]D OLW *G\E\ SU]\Mąü ĪH G]EDQ E\á XĪ\ZDQ\ SU]H] SUDZRUĊF]QHJR NRQVXPHQWD WR QD JyUQHM F]ĊĞFL EU]XĞFD Z\GUDSDQR RVWU]HP SDWU]ąF RG OHZHM RG VWURQ\ HZHQWXDO
2OJD$QWRZVND*RUąF]QLDN+DQQD.yþND.UHQ]$QGU]HM6LNRUVNL
QHJR ZVSyáELHVLDGQLND F]WHU\ SU]HFLQDMąFH VLĊ NUHVNL WZRU]ąFH URG]DM JZLD]GNL SĊWHONĊ WU]\ SU]HFLQDMąFH VLĊ NUHVNL ± JZLD]GND OLWHUĊ Ä<´ ] WU]HPD SURVWRSDGá\ PLNUHVNDPLZMHMGROQHMF]ĊĞFLRUD]QLHFRQLĪHMáyGNĊVLHUSNVLĊĪ\FD " U\F =QDNL WH ]RVWDá\ Z\VNUREDQH QD WZDUGHM ĞFLDQFH Z\UREX ! 0 Z VNDOL 0RKVD MHGQ\PSRFLąJQLĊFLHPRVWUHJRQDU]ĊG]LD EH]SRSUDZLDQLDF]\WXV]RZDQLD ]DSHZ QH MHGQRUD]RZR
:\PLDU\ G]EDQD Z\VRNRĞü ± FP ĞUHGQLFD Z\OHZX ± FP ] XFKHP RV]HURNRĞFLFPĞUHGQLFDEU]XĞFD±FPĞUHGQLFDGQD±FP1DF]\QLH R SRMHPQRĞFL OLWUyZ
)UDJPHQW G]EDQD QDF]\QLH QU LQZ 27Z Z U\F
3RMHPQLN WRF]RQ\ FHJODVW\ SRNU\W\ ELDáRNUHPRZą DQJREą SU]H] ]DPRF]HQLH L UR]SURZDG]HQLH JOLQNL V]PDWNą RGFLHĔ <5 ± L Z\ĞZLHFRQ\ QD ]HZQĊWU]QHM SRZLHU]FKQL ĞFLDQNL R JUXERĞFL FP ']EDQ NWyU\ ]RVWDá
5\F3R]QDĔ2VWUyZ7XPVNLVWDQ L/RNDOL]DFMDQDF]\Ĕ±RSUDF2$QWRZVND *RUąF]QLDN
Ryte i wydrapywane motywy na naczyniach z Ostrowa Tumskiego w Poznaniu
]ELW\SU]\VWXGQLQD27 U\F SRVLDGD]EOLĪRQHZDORU\WHFKQRVW\OLVW\F]QH GR QDF]\QLD Z\GRE\WHJR ]H VWXGQL SU]\ NRĞFLHOH 103 27 FKRü PLDá ]DSHZ QH ZLĊNV]ą SRMHPQRĞü :\SDá NRQWURORZDQ\ XWOHQLDMąF\ SU]HáDP MHGQREDUZQ\ GREU]H VSLHF]RQ\ =DSHZQH MXĪ Z F]DVLH XĪ\WNRZDQLD Z JyUQHM F]ĊĞFL EU]XĞFD ± SU]\ XFKX Z\GUDSDQR RVWU\P QDU]ĊG]LHP URG]DM QDSLVX ] ÄOLWHU´ U\F :\GDMHVLĊĪHQDF]\QLH]RVWDáRGRĞüV]\ENRZ\áąF]RQH]XĪ\WNRZDQLD EUDNF]\ WHOQ\FKĞODGyZHNVSORDWDFMLQDIUDJPHQWDFKĞFLDQHNRWZDUGRĞFL!0ZVNDOL0RK VD :\PLDU\G]EDQD PDNV\PDOQDZ\GĊWRĞüEU]XĞFDRNRáRFPĞUHGQLFDZ\OHZX ± FP XFKR R V]HURNRĞFL FP 'QR PLV\ " QDF]\QLH QU LQZ 27 U\F
)UDJPHQW SUDZLH FDáHJR RGFLQDQHJR GQD QDF]\QLD WRF]RQHJR SRNU\WHJR QD ĞFLDQFH ZHZQĊWU]QHM V]NOLZHP ROLZNRZ\P GR GQD SU]\ZDUá RVDG ZDSLHQQ\"
5\F3R]QDĔ2VWUyZ7XPVNLVWDQ L3RMHPQLNL]U\WDPLLÄ]GUDSNDPL´ ZF]HVQR ĞUHGQLRZLHF]QH LZF]HVQRQRQRZRĪ\WQH ±U\V2$QWRZVND*RUąF]QLDN
2OJD$QWRZVND*RUąF]QLDN+DQQD.yþND.UHQ]$QGU]HM6LNRUVNL
-HJR]HZQĊWU]QDĞFLDQNDSRZ\ĪHMF]ĊĞFLSU]\GHQQHMSU]\SXV]F]DOQLHSRNU\WDE\áD SRGREQą SROHZą 1D SRGVXV]RQ\P GQLH JDUQFDU] RVWU\P QDU]ĊG]LHP Z\NRQDá ] ZROQHM UĊNL QLHV\PHWU\F]QLH NU]\Ī OLOLRZRNRWZLFRZ\:\SDá XWOHQLDMąF\ NRQ WURORZDQ\ RGFLHĔ F]HUZRQDZRĪyáW\ ± <5 ± SU]HáDP MHGQR EDUZQ\ GREU]H VSLHF]RQ\
:\PLDU\ ĞUHGQLFD GQD FP R JUXERĞFL FP $1$/,=$0$7(5,$àÏ:
0RW\Z\U\WH
Ä3LNWRJUDP\´ GOD QDV ÄNU\SWRJUDP\´ ]RVWDá\ Z\U\WH QD MHGQHM F]ĊĞFL NXEND GDWRZDQHJR QD ,; ± SRáRZ\ ; Z U\F SRGF]DV JG\ GUXJD MHJR SRáRZD QLH ]RVWDáD QLPL R]GRELRQD 7UXGQR UR]VWU]\JQąü F]\ E\á\ WR W\ONR SU]\SDGNRZH QD FLĊFLD SRGQRV]ąFH FKURSRZDWRĞü ĞFLDQNL GOD XáDWZLHQLD XWU]\PDQLD NXEND SU\PL
5\F3R]QDĔ2VWUyZ7XPVNLVWDQ L5\W\LÄ]GUDSNL´±U\V2$QWRZVND*RUąF] QLDN
Ryte i wydrapywane motywy na naczyniach z Ostrowa Tumskiego w Poznaniu
W\ZQ\RUQDPHQW]QDNZ\WZyUF\F]\WHĪ]DSLVMDNLHMĞLQIRUPDFML.UHVNLSLRQRZH LNU]\ĪHQDZF]HVQRĞUHGQLRZLHF]QHMFHUDPLFHSRPRUVNLHMZLHONRSROVNLHMLĞOąVNLHM PRĪQD SRQLHNąG X]QDü ]D VWDQGDUGRZH QDWRPLDVW QLHF]ĊVWR Z JyUQHM F]ĊĞFL QD F]\QLDNUHĞORQRSURVWRNąW \ U\F :ĞUHGQLRZLHF]XLZRNUHVLHZF]HVQRQR ZRĪ\WQ\P ]JHRPHWU\]RZDQH QLHNLHG\ ¿JXUDOQH ]QDNL U\WH QD ĞFLDQNDFK QDF]\Ĕ JOLQLDQ\FK SRMDZLDá\ VLĊ UDF]HM VSRUDG\F]QLH SRU .RVWU]HZVNL 6LNRUVNL V %XNR V =Z\NOH Z\NRQ\ZDQH E\á\ Z ZDUV]WDWDFK SU]H] SUDFRZQLNyZ OHSLąF\FK JDUQNL QD MHV]F]H SODVW\F]Q\FK ĞFLDQNDFK Z\UREyZ SU]HG LFK Z\SDáHP
5\F3R]QDĔ2VWUyZ7XPVNLVWDQ:F]HVQRQRZRĪ\WQ\G]EDQ]H VWXGQL RE ±IRW2$QWRZVND*RUąF]QLDN
2OJD$QWRZVND*RUąF]QLDN+DQQD.yþND.UHQ]$QGU]HM6LNRUVNL
= NROHL QD ZF]HVQRQRZRĪ\WQ\P GQLH PLV\ JDUQFDU] Z\FLąá NU]\Ī OLOLRZRNR WZLFRZ\ U\F (OHPHQW PDMXVNXá\ Ä0´ ZSLVDQ\ Z SLRQRZą EHONĊ áąF]RQ\ MHVW]LPLHQLHP0DU\L±0DWNLZVSyáFLHUSLąFHM]&KU\VWXVHPQDWRPLDVW]DNRĔF]H QLD SR]LRPHM EHONL SRGREQH Vą GR NU]\ĪD NRWZLF]QHJR V\PEROX QDG]LHL %ąNDáD V 7DNLH R]QDNRZDQLH GQD VWDQRZL SU]HVáDQNĊ VXJHUXMąFą NRĞFLHOQą ]DVWDZĊVWRáRZąZMDNLHME\üPRĪHMDGDOLPLHV]NDĔF\Z\VS\NDWHGUDOQHMZSRáR ZLH;9,ZLHNX3RMHPQLNL]U\W\PLÄRGUĊNL´NU]\ĪDPLQDGQDFKZ\UREyZWRF]R Q\FK ZáDĞFLZLH QLH Vą ]QDQH Z LQZHQWDU]DFK SyĨQRĞUHGQLRZLHF]Q\FK L ZF]HVQRQRZRĪ\WQ\FK =QDN NU]\ĪD QD QDF]\QLDFK WUDNWRZDQ\ E\á ] ZáDĞFLZą DWHQFMą F]HJR SU]\NáDGHP MHVW PLQ SODNLHWND áHNQHĔVND ] SRáRZ\ ;9, Z 6L NRUVNL V U\F
0RW\Z\Z\GUDSDQH
5\W\ SU]\ XFKDFK G]EDQyZ Z\NRQDQH MHGQ\P SRFLąJQLĊFLHP RVWU]D Vą QDQLH VLRQHQDRND]\]QDOH]LRQHZVWXGQLDFK U\F L 6WDUFLDPHFKDQLF]QHZJyU QHMF]ĊĞFLXFKDG]EDQD U\F ]HVWXGQLSRáRĪRQHMSU]\WUDNFLHELHJQąF\PSU]H] 2VWUyZ 7XPVNL RG PRVWX QD :DUFLH GR PRVWX QD &\ELQLH VXJHUXMą LQWHQV\ZQą HNVSORDWDFMĊ WHJR SRMHPQLND QLH GR F]HUSDQLD ZRG\ 1D ĞFLDQNDFK WHJR G]EDQD ]DFKRZDáR VLĊ SLĊü ]QDNyZ Z\GUDSDQ\FK Z UyZQ\FK RGVWĊSDFK FR FP 0RĪH SRĞSLHV]QLH Z\GUDSDQR WX MDNLHĞ XPRZQH ]QDNL NRQVXPHQFNLH Ä] NVLĊĪ\FHP´ QD SRF]ąWNX RUD] F\IUDPL " ÄJZLD]GND´ " ÄSĊWHOND´ L ÄJZLD]GND´ " ± SRU (QF\NORSHGLD V -DQLDN LO PLDUD REMĊWRĞFL OXE Z\SLWH ÄJDUQFH´ 5yZQLH SUDZGRSRGREQH Z\GDMH VLĊ GRPQLHPDQLH ĪH PRJą WR E\üV\JQDWXU\ZáDĞFLFLHODNWyU\PyJáÄU\VRZDü´GRZROQH]QDNLQDVZRLPG]EDQLH QLĪ G]LHáR JDUQFDU]D REQLĪHQLH ZDORUyZ HVWHW\F]Q\FK Z\UREX -HJR SRMHPQRĞü Z\QRVL GRNáDGQLH OLWU\
1D GUXJLP EDUG]R SRGREQ\P ] WHFKQLF]QHJR SXQNWX ZLHG]HQLD G]EDQLH QLH SRUDGQLH Z\GUDSDQR QDSLV Ä0RYHU]N´ ] NUHVNą SR]LRPą QDG OLWHUą Ä]´ VXJHUXMąFą VNUyW " U\F Z\PLDU\ GáXJRĞü FP Z\VRNRĞü OLWHU FP ± 6]iQW{ VV 3RPLPRQLHUyZQHMSáDV]F]\]Q\ NU]\ZL]QDJyUQHMF]ĊĞFLEU]XĞFD SLV]ąF\ Z\GUDSDá QDSLV ZáDĞFLZLH MHGQ\P SRFLąJQLĊFLHP RVWU]D EH] ĪDGQ\FK SR SUDZHN L X]XSHáQLHĔ =QDQH Vą SU]\NáDG\ RGFLVNDQLD QDSLVyZ QD FHUDPLFH QDF]\ QLRZHM];9;9,,Z 3RFK\OVNL.RZDOF]\NVLQ LNDÀDFK -DQLDN LO .UDVQRNXWVNi V WDE QDWRPLDVW LFK Z\VNURE\ZD QLH MHVW U]DGNRĞFLą
Ryte i wydrapywane motywy na naczyniach z Ostrowa Tumskiego w Poznaniu .21./8=-(
0LPR LĪ QD SR]QDĔVNLP 2VWURZLH 7XPVNLP SR]\VNDQR ]DOHGZLH F]WHU\ RND]\ ]DZLHUDMąFH WUXGQH GR LQWHUSUHWDFML ]QDNL PRĪQD SRGMąü SUyEĊ Z\MDĞQLHQLD SU]\ F]\QLFKXPLHV]F]HQLDQDW\FKSRMHPQLNDFK5\W\QDGZyFK]QLFK]RVWDá\Z\NR QDQHMHV]F]HSU]HGZ\SDáHPQDF]\ĔVWąGPRĪQDMHX]QDü]DSRF]\QDQLDJDUQFDU]\ -HVW U]HF]ą QLHZ\NOXF]RQą LĪ Z SU]\SDGNX NXEND U\F PDP\ GR F]\ QLHQLD]]DDNFHQWRZDQLHPMHJRSU]\QDOHĪQRĞFLGRVDPHJRZ\WZyUF\8PLHV]F]HQLH U\WXQDGQLHGUXJLHJRQDF]\QLD U\F PRĪHPLHüQDWRPLDVW]ZLą]HN]MHJR SU]H]QDF]HQLHP GOD RNUHĞORQHJR JURQD XĪ\WNRZQLNyZ 1DWRPLDVW GZD SR]RVWDáH SRMHPQLNL ]RVWDá\ R]QDNRZDQH Z F]DVLH JG\ E\á\ MXĪ FDáNLHP JRWRZH ]RVWDá\ ZLĊFQD]QDF]RQHSU]H]VZ\FKSRVLDGDF]\NRV]WHPLFKHVWHW\NL=DFKRZDQ\QLHPDO Z FDáRĞFL G]EDQ U\F NWyU\ PLHĞFLá OLWU\ QDSRMX SRNU\W\ ]RVWDá V\PERODPL ]UR]XPLDá\PL GOD ZáDĞFLFLHOD PRĪH WHĪ MHJR LGHQW\¿NXMąF\PL 1DWR PLDVW QD IUDJPHQFLH G]EDQD U\F ZLGQLHMH QDSLV NWyU\ ± ] SHZQą GR]ą RVWURĪQRĞFL ± PRĪQD SUyERZDü RGF]\WDü MDNR JZDURZH Z\UD]\ SRFKRG]HQLD QLH PLHFNLHJROXEKROHQGHUVNLHJRR]QDF]DMąFHÄPyMSU]\EyU´ ZW\PSU]\SDGNX±GR SLFLD 1LH]DOHĪQLH RG VWRSQLD SRSUDZQRĞFL ÄRGF]\WDQLD´ W\FK Z\GUDSDQ\FK ]QD NyZ QD SHZQR Vą WR XQLNDWRZH SUyE\ RGUĊF]QHJR ]DSLVX ] SRáRZ\ ;9, Z L FKRüE\ ] WHJR Z]JOĊGX ]DVáXJXMą QD XZDJĊ
LITERATURA
$QGU]HMHZVNL$ 1LH]QDQHĨUyGáRLNRQRJUD¿F]QHGRG]LHMyZJDUQFDUVWZDQD.XMDZDFKÄ.ZDU WDOQLN+LVWRULL.XOWXU\0DWHULDOQHM´5]V
%ąNDáD.+LVWRULDV\PEROLF]QD]QDNLHPKHUEHPLEDUZąSLVDQD3RGUĊF]Q\VáRZQLN:DUV]DZD %RRP YDQ GHQ + &HUDPLND MDNR QRĞQLN ]QDF]HQLD UR]ZDĪDQLD QDG ]GREQLFWZHP FHUDPLNL
Z .XOWXUDV\PEROLF]QDNUĊJXSyOSRSLHOQLFRZ\FKHSRNLEUą]XLZF]HVQHMHSRNLĪHOD]DZ(XURSLH ĝURGNRZHMUHG%*HGLJD'3LRWURZVND:DUV]DZD:URFáDZ%LVNXSLQV %XJDM( 0RW\Z\¿JXUDOQHQDFHUDPLFHJHUPDĔVNLHJRNUĊJXNXOWXURZHJR3R]QDĔ %XNR$$UFKHRORJLD3ROVNLZF]HVQRĞUHGQLRZLHF]QHM2GNU\FLD±KLSRWH]\±LQWHUSUHWDFMH:DUV]DZD 'ąEURZVND0 .DÀHLSLHFHNDÀRZHZ3ROVFHGRNRĔFD;9,,,ZLHNX:URFáDZ:DUV]DZD.UDNyZ *GDĔVNàyGĨ 'UąĪNRZVNL+5R]HQHUVND0.RVW\QRZLF]5 3UDFHNRQVHUZDWRUVNLHZNDWHGU]HNDPLHĔVNLHM ZODWDFK Ä0DWHULDá\=DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLH´WV (QF\NORSHGLD (QF\NORSHGLDZLHG]\RNVLąĪFHUHG$%LUNHQPDMHU%.RFRZVNL-7U]\QDGáRZVNL :URFáDZ:DUV]DZD.UDNyZ )RQIHUHN-7HPDW\ELEOLMQHQDNDÀDFK]H]ELRUyZ0X]HXP$UFKHRORJLF]QR+LVWRU\F]QHJRZ(O EOąJX3U]\F]\QHNGRLNRQRJUD¿LSU]HGVWDZLHĔÄ(OEOąVNLH6WXGLD0X]HDOQH´WV *HGLJD% 6]WXNDOXGQRĞFLNXOWXU\SRPRUVNLHMDV]WXNDOXGQRĞFLNXOWXU\áXĪ\FNLHMZ Problemy
kultury pomorskiejUHG70DOLQRZVNL.RV]DOLQV
*HGO 0 (OHPHQW\ KDOV]WDFNLH Z EXGRZLH L Z\SRVDĪDQLX JUREyZ OXGQRĞFL NXOWXU\ áXĪ\FNLHM QD
ĝOąVNX Z .XOWXUD V\PEROLF]QD NUĊJX SyO SRSLHOQLFRZ\FK HSRNL EUą]X L ZF]HVQHM HSRNL ĪHOD]D Z(XURSLHĝURGNRZHMUHG%*HGLJD'3LRWURZVND:DUV]DZD:URFáDZ%LVNXSLQV
*U\JLHO5 ']LHMHUH]\GHQFMLZ 5*U\JLHO7-XUHN'ROLZRZLH]1RZHJR0LDVWDQDG:DUWą
2OJD$QWRZVND*RUąF]QLDN+DQQD.yþND.UHQ]$QGU]HM6LNRUVNL -DQLDN7.DÀHJRW\FNLHZ]ELRUDFK0X]HXP3RF]ąWNyZ3DĔVWZD3ROVNLHJRZ*QLHĨQLH*QLH]QR .DF]PDUHN0=DFKRGQLRZLHONRSROVNLHVSRáHF]QRĞFLNXOWXU\áXĪ\FNLHMZHSRFHEUą]X3R]QDĔ .DPLĔVNL5 5HQHVDQVRZHNDÀH+DQVD%HUPDQD]NODV]WRUXSRF\VWHUVNLHJRZ.RáEDF]XÄ0DWH ULDá\=DFKRGQLRSRPRUVNLH´WV .RVWU]HZVNL% 1DF]\QLHZF]HVQRKLVWRU\F]QH]5DG]LPLDZSRZRERUQLFNLP]RUQDPHQWHPSRVWD ci ludzkichÄ6ODYLD$QWLTXD´WV .yþND.UHQ]+D%DGDQLD,QVW\WXWX3UDKLVWRULL8$0QD2VWURZLH7XPVNLPZ3R]QDQLXZODWDFK >Z @3R]QDĔZHZF]HVQ\PĞUHGQLRZLHF]XUHG+.yþND.UHQ]W9,,3R]QDĔV E1DZ\VSLH2VWUyZSU]\NWyUHMG]LĞMHVW3R]QDĔ«3R]QDĔ .UDVQRNXWVNi76WĜHGRYČNpDQRYRYČNpNDFKOH]2SDY\.DWDORJQiOH]Ĥ]DUFKHRORJLFNêFKYê] NXPĤÄ$UFKDHRORJLDH5HJLRQDOLV)RQWHV´W2ORPRXF .ZDSLĔVNL0 5\W\LPLW\2V\PEROLFHSRSLHOQLF.DWDORJZ\VWDZ\*GDĔVN /HFK31RZRĪ\WQDVWXGQLD]2VWURZD7XPVNLHJRZ3R]QDQLX VWDQ 3R]QDĔ PDV]\QRSLVSUDF\ PDJLVWHUVNLHMZ,QVW\WXFLH3UDKLVWRULL8$0 /HFK36LNRUVNL$6SUHQJHU01DMPQLHMV]\Z\NRSQD2VWURZLH7XPVNLPZ3R]QDQLX VWDQ Z 3R]QDĔZHZF]HVQ\PĞUHGQLRZLHF]XUHG+.yþND.UHQ]W3R]QDĔV
0DNLHZLF]7 :\REUDĪHQLD ¿JXUDOQH QD QDF]\QLDFK RNUHVX SU]HGU]\PVNLHJR L U]\PVNLHJR MDNR
ĨUyGáRGR]QDMRPRĞFLHSRNLZ $UFKHRORJLDLVWDURĪ\WQLF\6WXGLDGHG\NRZDQH3URIHVRURZL$QGU]H MRZL$EUDPRZLF]RZLZURF]QLFĊXURG]LQUHG0*áRVHNàyGĨV
0DOLQRZVND 0 %DGDQLD QD VWDQRZLVNX 2VWUyZ 7XPVNL Z 3R]QDQLX Z ODWDFK Z 3R]QDĔZHZF]HVQ\PĞUHGQLRZLHF]XUHG:+HQVHOW,,,:URFáDZ:DUV]DZDV 0DáDFKRZLF]0&HUDPLNDEXGRZODQDĞUHGQLRZLHF]QHJR:URFáDZLDZ :VFKRGQLDVWUHID6WDUHJR 0LDVWDZH:URFáDZLX;,,;,9ZLHNX%DGDQLDQDSODFX1RZ\7DUJUHG&%XĞNR:URFáDZV 0DUFLQNRZVNL0)DMDQVSRPRUVNL]H6WDUHJR0LDVWDZ(OEOąJX(OEOąJ 0LD]JD$6DQNLHZLF]36LNRUVNL$&HUDPLNDQDF]\QLRZD]EDGDĔZ\NRSDOLVNRZ\FKSU]\PXU]H /XEUDĔVNLHJRQD2VWURZLH7XPVNLPZ3R]QDQLX XO3RVDG]HJR Z 3R]QDĔZHZF]HVQ\PĞUHGQLR wieczuUHG+.yþND.UHQ]W3R]QDĔV 0XQVHOO 0XQVHOOVRLOFRORUFKDUWV%DOWLPRUH 3RFK\OVNL0.RZDOF]\N$7DN]ZDQDFHUDPLNDKXV\FND]1RZHM:VLVWDQJP:áRFáDZHN ZRMNXMDZVNRSRPRUVNLHÄ$FWD8QLYHUVLWDWLV/RG]LHQVLV´)ROLD$UFKDHRORJLFDWV 6LNRUVNL$ 5\W¿JXUDOQ\LDSOLNDFMDSODVW\F]QDQDZF]HVQRĞUHGQLRZLHF]QHMFHUDPLFHQDF]\QLRZHM ]'ĊEF]\QDZRM.RV]DOLQÄ6SUDZR]GDQLD$UFKHRORJLF]QH´WV àHNQRSRZ:ąJURZLHFZRMZLHONRSROVNLHVWDQ :\QLNLEDGDĔQDGFHUDPLNąĞUHGQLRZLHF]Qą LQRZRĪ\WQąÄ6WXGLDLPDWHULDá\GRG]LHMyZ3DáXN´WV 6NRZURĔVND(&HUDPLNDEXGRZODQD]NRPSOHNVXNODV]WRUQHJRDXJXVWLDQyZHUHPLWyZZ6WDUJDU G]LH:SURZDG]HQLHGREDGDĔQDGGHWDOHPÄ6WDUJDUGLD´WV 6NURN=6NDUE\PDáHLGXĪH:DUV]DZD 6XSU\Q0$UFKHRORJLD]DPNXZ-DQRZFX']LHMHEXGRZOLZĞZLHWOHEDGDĔDUFKHRORJLF]Q\FK]ODW -DQRZLHF 6]iQW{7 Pismo i styl:URFáDZ:DUV]DZD.UDNyZ*GDĔVNàyGĨ 6]ZHG5:F]HVQRQRZRĪ\WQDFHUDPLNDQDF]\QLRZD]XOĝZ$QWRQLHJRZH:URFáDZLXZ :UD
tislavia AntiquaUHG-3LHNDOVNL.:DFKRZVNLW:URFáDZV
:ĊJU]\QRZLF] 7 Uwagi R ¿JXUNDFK L ZL]HUXQNDFK SWDNyZ ]H VWDQRZLVN NXOWXU\ Z\VRFNLHM Z .XOWXUDV\PEROLF]QDNUĊJXSyOSRSLHOQLFRZ\FKHSRNLEUą]XLZF]HVQHMHSRNLĪHOD]DZ(XURSLH
