The Society of Naval Architects of Japan
60TH ANNIVERSARY SERIES
#VOLUME 8
RESEARCHES ON SEAKEEPING QUALITIES
OF SHIPS IN JAPAN
By
Tatsiiro H A N A O K A
Tatsuo I T O
Tatsuo J I N N A K A
Shiro KAN
Hajime M A R U O
Shoichi N A K A M U R A
Seiji T A K E Z A W A
Fukuzo T A S A I
Ryo T A S A K IKiyoshi T S U C H I D A
Yasufumi Y A M A N O U C H I
The Society of Naval Architects of Japan
Tokyo, 1963
C O N T E N T S
P R E F A C E
Page
CHAPTER 1. Added Mass and Damping • 1
1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Two-dimensional Hydrodynamic Forces and Moments Acting on Cylinders
Oscillating on Surface of Fluid 2 1.3 Added Mass and Damping Coefficient for Pitching and Heaving Motions 5
1.3.1 Experiments w i t h two-dimensional cylinders 5
1.3.2 Experiments w i t h model ships 7
1.3.3 Strip method 8 1.3.4 Advance speed effect and tank wall effect on added mass and damping 10
1.4 Added Moment of Inertia and Damping for Rolling Motion 11 1.5 Added Mass and Damping of Ships for Yawing, Swaying and Suring Motions 13
CHAPTER 2, Exciting Forces 17
2.1 Introduction 17 2.2 Exciting Forces Acting on Submerged Bodies 17
2.8 Exciting Forces Acting on Vertical Cylinders 18 2.4 Exciting Forces Acting on Bodies w i t h Finite D r a f t 22
2.4.1 Two-dimensional bodies 22 2.4.2 Three-dimensional bodies 24 2.4.3 Tank wall effects on exciting forces 28
CHAPTER 3. Ship Motions in Regular Waves 31
3.1 Introduction 31 3.2 Equation of Ship Motions 33
3.3 Derivative Coefficients of Equations ., 36
3.3.1 Symmetric motions 36 3.3.2 Anti-symmetric motions ; 37
3.4 Ship Motions i n Regular Head Waves 37 3.5 Cross Coupling between Pitching and Heaving 39
3.6 Ship Motions in ObHque Regular Waves 39 CHAPTER 4. Ship Motions in Irregular Waves 43
4.1 Introduction 43 4.2 Frequency Response of Ship Motions 43
4.3 Generahzation of Equation of Motions 46 4.4 Impulse Response of Ship Motions 49 4.5 Time Series Analysis of Ship Motions 51 4.5.1 Spectrum analysis of irregular motions 51
4.5.2 Sample estimation of response 54 4.5.8 Correlogram analysis of ship motions 59
4.5.4 Estimation of statistical characters of ship oscillation f r o m spectrum 61
4.6 Statistical Estimation of Extreme Values of Ship Motions 63
CHAPTER 5. Resistance i n Waves 67
5.1 Introduction 67 5.2 Resistance Increase i n Waves 68
5.8 Energy Relation in Resistance i n Waves 74 5.4 Resistance Increase i n Regular Waves 79 5.5 Approximate Method in Regular Head Waves 89
ii C O N T E N T S
Page
5.6 Resistance i n Irregular Waves 97 CHAPTER 6. Model Experiments i n Waves 103
6 . 1 Introduction 103 6 . 2 Model Tests i n Regular Waves 104
6 . 2 . 1 Model characteristics and test methods 104 6 . 2 . 2 Presentation and discussion of the results 122
6 . 2 . 3 Tank wall effect and scale effect 150 6.3 Open Water Tests of Propeller i n Waves 152
6 . 4 Shipment of Water i n Waves 154 6.5 Effect of Rolling on Resistance and Propulsion 160
6 . 6 Effect of Characteristics of Driving Machine i n Self-Propulsion Test i n Waves 162
6 . 6 . 1 Self-propulsion test of model ship 162 6 . 6 . 2 Correlation between ship and model 168 CHAPTER 7. Actual Ship Observations at Sea 169
7 . 1 Introduction 169
7 . 2 Voyages of the N i s S E i MARU 170
7 . 2 . 1 Average ship speed and SHP on each course 174
7 . 2 . 2 Ship motions 174
7 . 3 Voyages of the H o D A K A S A N MARU 175
7 . 3 . 1 Sea conditions 175 7 . 3 . 2 Vertical accelerations 176 7 . 3 . 3 Speed reduction 178
7 . 4 Voyages of the OREGON MARU and MONTANA MARU 178
7 . 4 . 1 Population distributions of accelerations 179
7 . 4 . 2 Maximum value of accelerations 180
7.5 Voyages of the GoHO MARU 180
7 . 5 . 1 Sea conditions 180 7 . 5 . 2 Ship motions and accelerations 1 8 1
7 . 6 Observations on the GINGA MARU 182
7.7 Observations on a Destroyer 183
7 . 7 . 1 Sea conditions 183 7 . 7 . 2 Frequency distributions of pitching and bow vertical acceleration 183
7 . 7 . 3 Influence of wave direction 183 7 . 7 . 4 Influence of ship speed 184 CHAPTER 8. Prediction of Ship Behaviour i n Rough Seas 185
8 . 1 Introduction 185 8.2 Prediction of Power i n Rough Seas f r o m Model Experiments 186
8.3 Model-Ship Correlation 189
8 . 3 . 1 Example on the N i s s E l MARU 189 8 . 3 . 2 Example on the OREGON MARU and MONTANA MARU 1 9 1
8 . 3 . 3 Example on a destroyer 192 Appendix: Tank Test Facihties i n Japan 197
Code of Abbreviations 203
