Widok Emocja strachu jako jeden ze środków manipulacji językowej (na przykładzie tekstów współczesnej prasy rosyjskiej)

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ɗɆɈɐɂə ɋɌɊȺɏȺ

ɄȺɄ ɈȾɇɈ ɂɁ ɋɊȿȾɋɌȼ əɁɕɄɈȼɈɃ ɆȺɇɂɉɍɅəɐɂɂ (ɇȺ ɉɊɂɆȿɊȺɏ ɌȿɄɋɌɈȼ ɋɈȼɊȿɆȿɇɇɈɃ ɊɍɋɋɄɈɃ ɉɊȿɋɋɕ) EMOTION OF FEAR AS ONE OF MEANS OF LINGUISTIC MANIPULATION

(ON THE EXAMPLE OF PRESENT-DAY RUSSIAN NEWSPAPER TEXTS)

ɅɍɄȺɒ ɆȺɅɗɐɄɂ

ABSTRACT. Changes in political and social life, determined by the influence of mass-media, create a large space for manipulation. The purpose of the paper was to analyze texts that contain and perform persuasive (manipulation) function. The author presents one kind of persuasion which is based on the influence of emotions – first of all the influence of fear. The relation between the emotion of fear and language manipulation has been exemplified on publicistic texts. Łukasz Małecki, Uniwersytet im. Adama Mickiewicza, PoznaĔ – Polska.

ɗɦɨɰɢɢ – ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɧɟɩɪɟɫɬɚɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɯ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ. ȼ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɭɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɦ ɢɯ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ, ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚɦ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɨɧɧɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ. ɋ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɮɢ-ɥɨɫɨɮɢɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɵɦ ɦɢɪɨɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹɦɢ ɟɝɨ ɞɭɲɢ. ɋɨɰɢɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɬ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɵ, ɜɥɢɹɸ-ɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɭɦɚ, ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɬɨɥɩɵ. ȼ ɫɜɨɸ ɨɱɟɪɟɞɶ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɨɜ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ „ɡɚɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɟ” ɷɦɨɰɢɣ ɡɧɚɤɚ-ɦɢ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɬ.ɟ. ɢɯ ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɹ. Ɉɛɳɟɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɧɵɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɠɢɜɵɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɚɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɛɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɨɹ-ɧɢɣ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ1 . Ʉɚɤ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢ, ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɜɢɞɨɜɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ: ɫ ɢɯ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ, ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɭɹɫɶ ɧɚ ɧɢɯ, ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɰɟɥɟɫɨɨɛ-ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɥɹ ɧɟɝɨ ɧɟɹɫɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɤɪɵɬɨɣ (ɧɚɩɪ., ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ – ɨɧ ɢɥɢ ɢɡɛɟɝɚɟɬ, ɢɥɢ ɚɬɚɤɭɟɬ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ). ɇɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɦɧɨɝɨ-ɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɵɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ, ɞɨ ɫɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɨɞɯɨ-ɞɵ ɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɸ ɩɪɢɪɨɩɨɞɯɨ-ɞɵ ɢ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɣ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ. ɑɚɳɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢ-________________ 1 _{ɑ. Ⱦ ɚ ɪ ɜ ɢ ɧ, Ɉ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ ɭ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ, ɋɚɧɤɬ-ɉɟɬɟɪɛɭɪɝ} 2001.

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ɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɱɟɦɭ- ɢɥɢ ɤ ɤɨɦɭ-ɥɢɛɨ (ɤ ɧɚɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ, ɤ ɞɪɭɝɢɦ ɥɸɞɹɦ, ɤ ɫɚɦɨɦɭ ɫɟɛɟ ɢ ɬ.ɞ.)2 . əɜɥɹɹɫɶ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɯ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨ-ɰɟɫɫɨɜ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɧɟɪɚɡɪɵɜɧɨ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫ ɨɰɟɧɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɝɨ3 . Ʉɚɤ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬ ȿ.ɉ. ɂɥɶɢɧ, ɷɦɨɰɢɢ – ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɨɰɟɧɤɚ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɪɟɞ-ɫɬɨɹɳɢɯ) ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɡɚɛɥɚɝɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɣ ɢ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɣ ɩɨɞɝɨɬɨɜɤɢ ɤ ɧɟɣ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɦɨɛɢɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ4 . ȼɵɲɟɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ, ɩɚ-ɪɚɮɪɚɡɢɪɭɹ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɬɚɬɶɢ ȼ.ɂ. ɒɚɯɨɜɫɤɨɝɨ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ. ȼɵɩɨɥɧɹɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ, ɨɧɢ ɹɜɥɹ-ɸɬɫɹ ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɤɚɤ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɭɦɚ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɰɟɥɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ5 . ɗɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɭɦɚ ɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɫɮɟɪɟ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɠɟɫɬɨɜ, ɧɨ ɢ ɧɚ ɜɟɪɛɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟ. əɜɥɹɹɫɶ ɜɚɠɧɟɣɲɢɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɦɵɫɥɢ, ɹɡɵɤ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɢɹ ɦɢɪɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ ɢ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɹ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɜ ɡɧɚɧɢɟ. əɡɵɤɨɜɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ, ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟ ɫɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɭ ɦɢɪɚ, ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɬɧɨ-ɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɧɟɦɭ, ɷɦɨɬɢɜɧɭɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɧɚ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ, ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɢ ɬ.ɩ. Ʉɚɤ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨ ɡɚɦɟɱɚɟɬ Ȼ. Ƚɞɨɜɫɤɚ, „ɫɥɨɜɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɨɫɢɬɟ-ɥɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ – ɨɧɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨ ɜɵɡɜɚɬɶ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ, ɜɨɡɞɟɣ-ɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɜɨ-ɞɢɬɶ ɨɞɧɭ ɷɦɨɰɢɸ ɜ ɞɪɭɝɭɸ, ɜɩɥɨɬɶ ɞɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɨɣ”6 . əɡɵɤ – ɷɬɨ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɧɨ ɢ ɢɧɫɬɪɭɦɟɧɬ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ, ɜɨ ɦɧɨɝɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɢɟ ɫɚɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ7 . ȼɵɛɨɪ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɭ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬɟɦ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ɉɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɨɟ ɫ ɩɨɦɨ-ɳɶɸ ɹɡɵɤɚ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɸ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɵ ɦɢɪɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨ-ɛɨɣ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɭɸ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɸ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶ-ɧɨɫɬɢ. ɂɧɵɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ, ɷɬɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɹ ɨɫɨɛɨɣ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɬɭɚɥɶɧɨ-ɢɧ-ɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ8 . ȼ ɧɵ-________________ 2 ȿ.ɉ. ɂ ɥ ɶ ɢ ɧ, ɗɦɨɰɢɢ ɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 2001, ɫ. 49. 3 Ɇ.ɋ. Ʌ ɟ ɛ ɟ ɞ ɢ ɧ ɫ ɤ ɢ ɣ, ȼ.ɇ. Ɇ ɹ ɫ ɢ ɳ ɟ ɜ, ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɭɸ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨ-ɝɢɸ, Ʌɟɧɢɧɝɪɚɞ 1966, ɫ. 222. 4 ȿ.ɉ. ɂ ɥ ɶ ɢ ɧ, ɭɤɚɡ. ɫɨɱ., ɫ. 50–51. 5 ȼ.ɂ. ɒ ɚ ɯ ɨ ɜ ɫ ɤ ɢ ɣ, ɗɦɨɰɢɢ – ɦɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɨɧɧɚɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ, „ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɢɧɝɜɢɫɬɢɤɢ” 2006, ʋ 4, c. 64. 6_{Ȼ. Ƚ ɞ ɨ ɜ ɫ ɤ ɚ, əɡɵɤɨɜɵɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ: ɧɚ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɟ ɥɢɪɢɤɢ} Ⱥ.ɋ. ɉɭɲɤɢɧɚ ɢ ɪɭɫɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɷɬɨɜ XX ɜɟɤɚ, ɉɨɡɧɚɧɶ 2006, ɫ. 26. 7 Ɇ.ɇ. ȼ ɨ ɥ ɨ ɞ ɢ ɧ ɚ, əɡɵɤ ɋɆɂ – ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɟ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɟ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ, [ɜ:] http://genhis.philol.msu.ru/article_262.shtml (31.08.2009). 8 Tɚɦ ɠɟ.

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ɧɟɲɧɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɹɡɵɤɚ ɧɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɟɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ. ɇɟ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɣ ɮɚɤɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɫɨ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ. ɂɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɟɦ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ, ɋɆɂ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɜɟɫɶ ɫɬɪɨɣ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ ɢ ɧɚ ɫɬɢɥɶ ɟɝɨ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ. Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɫɪɟɞ-ɫɬɜɚɯ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɟɧɞɟɧɰɢɹ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɭɩɥɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɥɸɞɹɦ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɯ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɣ, ɧɨ ɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɬɨɦɭ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɦɭ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ. ɋ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɦɧɨɝɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɜɨɡɪɨɫɥɚ ɜɨɡ-ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɟ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ. Ʉ ɫɨɠɚɥɟɧɢɸ, ɷɬɭ ɜɨɡɜɨɡ-ɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɥɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɧɨ ɢ ɤɚɤ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɩɨɜɥɢɹɬɶ ɧɚ ɧɚɪɨɞ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɫɟɥɟɧɢɟ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɜɟɥɢ ɛɵ ɫɟɛɹ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɬɚɤ, ɤɚɤ ɜɵɝɨɞɧɨ, ɭɞɨɛɧɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɹɬɧɨ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɢɦ – ɚ ɨɬɫɸɞɚ ɩɪɹɦɚɹ ɞɨɪɨɝɚ ɤ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ9 . ɋɚɦɨ ɫɥɨɜɨ „ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɹ” ɢɦɟɟɬ ɤɨɪɧɟɦ ɥɚɬɢɧɫɤɨɟ ɫɥɨɜɨ manus ‘ɪɭɤɚ’ (manipulus ‘ɩɪɢɝɨɪɲɧɹ, ɝɨɪɫɬɶ’, ɨɬ manus ɢ ple ‘ɧɚɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ’). ȼ ɩɪɹɦɨɦ ɡɧɚɱɟ-ɧɢɢ ɨɧɨ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɥɨ ‘ɥɨɜɤɨ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɹɬɶ ɪɭɤɚɦɢ’. ɋɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɟɦ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɚ ɦɟɬɚ-ɮɨɪɚ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɜ ɟɟ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ – ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɦɧɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɣ ɦɚɫɫ, ɢɯ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɞɚɠɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ ɫ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɢɯ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ10 . Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɷɬɨ ɫɤɪɵ-ɬɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ, ɮɚɤɬ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɦɟɱɟɧ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹ-ɰɢɢ. ɂɧɨɝɞɚ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɫ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɨɦ „ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɹ” ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ „ɩɪɨɩɚɝɚɧɞɚ”, „ɭɝɨɜɨɪɵ”11. ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɤ ɫɬɪɚɯɭ, ɝɧɟɜɭ, ɧɟɧɚɜɢɫɬɢ. Ɇɧɨɝɢɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɤɪɚɲɟɧɵ ɢ, ɜɵɛɢɪɚɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɭ, ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɡɨɡɥɢɬɶ, ɡɚɩɭɝɚɬɶ ɢ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟ-ɧɢɟ12 . ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɜɵɲɟɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɤɨɦɩɚɤɬɧɨɟ ɨɩɪɟ-ɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ – ɤɚɤ ɢɝɪɵ ɧɚ ɷɦɨɰɢɹɯ ɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɯ. ɋɬɪɚɯ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɟɤɪɚɫɧɵɦ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɞɥɹ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧ-ɧɵɦ ɦɧɟɧɢɟɦ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧ ɨɬɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɡɞɪɚɜɵɣ ɫɦɵɫɥ. ɋɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ „ɢɝɪɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɷɦɨɰɢɹɯ ɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɯ” ɫɬɚɥɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɣ ɞɥɹ ɰɟɥɨɣ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɢ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɫɨɡɧɚ-ɧɢɟɦ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɥɸɞɫɤɢɯ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜ – ɨɞɧɢ ɢɡ ɫɚɦɵɯ ɥɸɛɢɦɵɯ ɩɪɢɟɦɨɜ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɬɨɪɨɜ. Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɢɝɪɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧ-ɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ. ________________ 9_{ɇ.ɇ. Ȼ ɨ ɥ ɵ ɲ ɟ ɜ ɚ, əɡɵɤɨɜɚɹ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɹ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ} ɭɫɥɨ-ɜɢɹɯ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ, [ɜ:] http://www.rusnauka.com/PRNIT/Politologia/bolysheva%20n.n. doc.htm (20.08.2009). 10

J. W a r c h a ł a, Horyzonty manipulacji: perswazja, manipulacja, interpretacja, [ɜ:] Manipulacja w jĊzyku, Lublin 2004, c. 41–59.

11

Tɚɦ ɠɟ, ɫ. 43.

12

E. L a s k o w s k a, Emotywizacja jako Ğrodek perswazji, [ɜ:] Manipulacja w jĊzyku, ɭɤɚɡ. ɫɨɱ., c. 81–82.

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ȼ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɥɢɰ, ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɫɬɪɚɯɢ, ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɢɧɨɝɞɚ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɡɚɦɢ, ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɫɨɰɢɭɦɨɦ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɦɧɨɝɨɟ ɫɤɚ-ɡɚɬɶ ɨɛ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɪɚɠɚɸɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɢɧɹɬɵɟ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ. ɂɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɢ ɠɢɡɧɶ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɧɚɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɭɦɨɦ, ɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ, ɧɚɯɨɞɹɫɶ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɷɦɨɰɢɣ, ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜ, ɮɨɛɢɣ, ɬ.ɟ. ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ, ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ. ɐɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɧɟɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɬɨɥɩɵ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɤ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɡɚɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ, ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ, ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɚɪɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɠɢɡɧɶ, ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ, ɬɨɥɤɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɛɟɫɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ. Ɂ. Ɏɪɟɣɞ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɥ, ɱɬɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ – ɨɫɨ-ɛɟɧɧɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɦɚɫɫɵ – ɩɨɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɛɟɡɨɬɱɟɬɧɨ, ɧɟ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɜɚɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɟɪɟɨɫɦɵɫɥɢ-ɜɚɹ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɯ ɫɩɪɨɜɨɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɢɫɩɭɝɚ, ɩɚɧɢɤɢ, ɭɠɚɫɚ ɢ, ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɢɬɨɝɟ, ɢɫɬɟɪɢɢ13 . ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɧɟ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɚɤɬ, ɱɬɨ ɫɬɪɚɯ – ɧɟɨɬɴɟɦɥɟɦɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɠɢɡ-ɧɢ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɟɟ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɹɯ. ɗɬɚ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɷɦɨɰɢɹ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɨɝɪɨɦ-ɧɵɦ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɦ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɨɜɟɞɟ-ɧɢɟ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɭɦɚ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɰɢɭɦɚ. ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɫɬɪɚɧ ɦɢɪɚ ɪɨɥɶ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ, ɧɨ ɢ ɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ. Ⱦɥɹ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚ „ɩɚɪɚɧɨɢɞɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɢɤɫɚɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɯ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ”14. ɋɬɪɚɯ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɞɨɦɢɧɚɧɬɨɣ, ɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɧɚɞɟɠɧɭɸ ɨɩɨɪɭ, ɝɚɪɚɧɬɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɥɹ ɡɚɩɭɝɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɢ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ XXI ɜɟɤɚ15 . ɇɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɟɳɟ ɨɞɧɚ ɜɚɠɧɚɹ ɱɟɪɬɚ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ. ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚɦɟɬɧɨ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɹɜɢɥɢɫɶ „ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ” ɫɬɪɚɯɚ. ɇɚɞɨ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɧɭɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ, ɧɨ ɦɟɧɹɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɢ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜ. ȿɫɥɢ ɟɳɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɟɫɹɬɢɥɟɬɢɣ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɨɳɭɳɚɥɨ ɫɬɪɚɯ, ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ, ɩɟɪɟɞ Ȼɨɝɨɦ ɢ ɜɥɚɫɬɹɦɢ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜɚ (ɧɚɩɪ. ɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ – ɞɢɤɬɚɬɭɪɚ ɋɬɚɥɢɧɚ), ɬɨ ɫɟɝɨɞ-ɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɩɪɨɞɭɰɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɤɨɪɩɨɪɚɰɢɹɦɢ, ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦɢ ɝɪɭɩɩɚɦɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɨɜ. ɋɥɟ-ɞɭɟɬ, ɨɞɧɚɤɨ, ɡɚɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɡɧɚɱɢɦɭɸ ɥɟɩɬɭ ɜ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɢ ɡɚɩɭɝɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɧɟɫɥɢ (ɢ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɜɧɨɫɹɬ) ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɢ ɜɜɟɪɝɚɹ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɜ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɜɹɡɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢɧɞɢ-ɜɢɞɭ, ɧɨ ɢ ɰɟɥɵɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɨɱɤɭ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɞɟɣ-ɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ɂɧɵɦɢ ɫɥɨɜɚɦɢ, ɫɬɪɚɯ – ɨɱɟɧɶ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɭɛɟɠɞɟ-ɧɢɹ. ɉɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɸ Ⱦ. Ʉɢɧɚ, ɬɚɤɨɟ „ɛɟɫɩɪɟɫɬɚɧɧɨɟ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜ ɢ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɣ ɨ ɫɬɪɚɯɟ”16_{ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɢ ɧ ɞ ɭ ɫ ɬ ɪ ɢ ɸ ɫ ɬ ɪ ɚ ɯ ɚ.} ________________ 13 Z. F r e u d, Psychoanaliza, Warszawa 1989, c. 101. 14_{Ⱦ. Ʉ ɢ ɧ, ɋɬɪɚɯ ɢ ɞɟɦɨɤɪɚɬɢɹ, [ɜ:] http://www.ruthenia.ru/logos/number/42/11.} pdf (28.06.2009) 15_{ɍ. Ȼ ɟ ɤ, Ɉɛɳɟɫɬɜɨ ɪɢɫɤɚ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 2000, ɫ. 60.} 16 Tɚɦ ɠɟ, ɫ. 20.

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ȼ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɵ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɢ ɭɠɚɫɚ ɩɪɢɨɪɢɬɟɬɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢɧɚɞ-ɥɟɠɢɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɟɥɟɜɢɞɟɧɢɸ, ɂɧɬɟɪɧɟɬɭ, ɧɨ ɢ ɝɚɡɟɬɚɦ. ɇɟɜɵɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɫɥɨɜɨ ɤɚɤ-ɛɭɞɬɨ ɧɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ. ɋɥɨɜɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɭ ɦɢɪɚ, ɹɜɥɹɹɫɶ ɨɬɨɛɪɚɠɟ-ɧɢɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɟɣ, ɷɦɨɰɢɣ, ɱɭɜɫɬɜ, ɧɚɞɟɠɞ, ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɣ. Ȼɥɚɝɨ-ɞɚɪɹ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ, ɡɚɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɧɵɦ, ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɨɱɢɦ, ɧɚ ɩɨɥɨɫɚɯ ɝɚɡɟɬ, ɠɭɪɧɚɥɨɜ, ɫɬɪɚɯ, ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɠɚɫɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ, ɨɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɡɚɫɬɚɜɥɹɹ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ. Ɉɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɜ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɯ ɞɥɹ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ („ɢɝɪɵ ɧɚ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɯ”) ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ „ɫɜɨɢɯ” ɢ „ɱɭɠɢɯ”, ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɢɡ ɤɨɬɨ-ɪɵɯ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɭɝɪɨɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ. ȼ ɡɚɝɨɥɨɜɤɚɯ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɝɚɡɟɬ ɜɫɟ ɱɚɳɟ ɩɪɨɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɬɪɚɯ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣ-ɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɢ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɣ ɋɒȺ. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɦɢ ɨɛɡɨɪ ɥɢɬɟɪɚɬɭɪɵ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ (ɩɨɯɨɠɟ, ɤɚɤ ɢ ɜ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɣ ɩɟɪɢɨɞ) ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɭɸ ɬɪɟɜɨɝɭ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɩɨ-ɩɵɬɤɢ ɋɒȺ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɮɟɪɚɯ ɠɢɡɧɢ. Ɂɚɩɚɞ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɧɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ, ɚ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɭɝɪɨɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ: – ɋɒȺ – ɞɟɪɠɚɜɚ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɧɟɞɪɭɠɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢ-ɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɩɚɫɧɚɹ17. – ȼɚɲɢɧɝɬɨɧ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɥ ɝɥɚɡ ɧɚ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɟ ɧɟɞɪɚ18 . – ɇɚɱɚɬɶ ɜɪɚɠɞɟɛɧɭɸ ɤɚɦɩɚɧɢɸ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ19 . – ȼɫɟ ɷɧɟɪɝɟɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɤɨɡɵɪɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ, ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧ-ɰɵ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɵ ɜɵɛɢɬɶ ɟɣ ɢɡ ɪɭɤ20. – ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɋɒȺ ɩɵɬɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ ɹɞɟɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɜɨɫɯɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɢɦ ɧɟ ɭɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɨɫɬɢɱɶ ɜ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ21 . – ɉɨɥɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ ɪɚɡɨɪɭɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ, ɚ ɧɚɲɢ „ɩɚɪɬ-ɧɺɪɵ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɬ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɭɸ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɸ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ” – ɡɚɹɜɢɥ ɉɭ-ɬɢɧ22 . – ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɥɟɬ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɚɥɶɹɧɫɚ [ɇȺɌɈ], ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɨɛɟɳɚɧɢɹ ɟɝɨ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɸɬɫɹ ɤ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ23 . – ɇȺɌɈ ɩɨɞɫɬɭɩɢɥɨ ɤ ɧɚɲɢɦ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɦ24. ȼ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɪɚɫɬɭɳɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɋɒȺ ɢ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚɦɢ ɞɨɦɢɧɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɮɟ-ɪɚɯ ɠɢɡɧɢ, ɨɬɨɞɜɢɝɚɹ ɢ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɢ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪɫɬɜ, ɜ ɪɨɫ-ɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɝɚɡɟɬɚɯ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɞɚɠɟ ɤɪɚɣɧɟ ɩɟɫɫɢɦɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɝɧɨɡɵ: – ɋɒȺ ɧɚɩɚɞɭɬ ɧɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɞɨɛɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɞɨ ɫɢɛɢɪɫɤɢɯ ɫɵɪɶɟɜɵɯ ɪɟɫɭɪɫɨɜ25. ________________ 17 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/06/05/02/3479/235487.html 18 http://www.vz.ru/politics/2007/7/19/95207.html 19 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/05/09/02/3453/235690.html 20 http://www.kp.ru/daily/23876/65065/ 21 http://religion.ng.ru/facts/2006-11-01/1_test.html 22 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/28/putin-klaus.html 23 http://www.rg.ru/2007/07/16/dovse.html 24 http://inopressa.tomsk.ru/blog/full-1215.html?print=1 25 http://www.vz.ru/politics/2007/7/19/95207.html

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– ɇɚ ɞɧɹɯ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɬɵ ɝɚɞɚɥɢ, ɧɚɩɚɞɭɬ ɥɢ ɱɟɪɟɡ 10 ɥɟɬ ɋɒȺ ɧɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ. ȼ ɢɬɨɝɟ ɪɟɲɢɥɢ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɩɚɞɭɬ26 . – ȼɨɣɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭ Ɋɨɫɫɢɟɣ ɢ ɋɒȺ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɚ ɭɠɟ ɜ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɟɟ 10–15 ɥɟɬ27. – ɋɒȺ ɪɚɡɜɹɠɭɬ ɜɨɣɧɭ ɫ Ɋɨɫɫɢɟɣ28. ɋɢɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɰɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ, ɫɨɡɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɫɬɪɚɯɢ ɜɪɟɦeɧ ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɨɣɧɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɩɨɫɥɭɠɢɥ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜɵɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɦ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɲɟɧɢɹ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɚɤɟɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɵ (ɉɊɈ). Ʉɚɪɬɢɧɚ ɉɊɈ, ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɋɆɂ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɚ ɭɫɬɪɚɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɰɢɭɦɚ, ɧɨ ɢ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɚɧɬɢɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɫɬɪɨ-ɟɧɢɣ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɉɊɈ ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɟɬ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɜɨɟɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɝɨ ɫɢɧɨɧɢ-ɦɚ ɋɒȺ ɢ Ɂɚɩɚɞɚ. ȼ ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɦ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɟ ɉɊɈ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɤɚɤ ɭɝɪɨɡɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ, ɧɨ ɢ ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɨɣ, ɫ ɬɪɭɞɨɦ ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟ Bɬɨɪɨɣ ɦɢɪɨɜɨɣ ɜɨɣɧɵ ɢ ɤɪɚɯɚ ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɡɦɚ, ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ: – Ɇɚɫɲɬɚɛɧɨɟ ɪɚɡɜɺɪɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦ ɉɊɈ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɦ ɮɚɤɬɨ-ɪɨɦ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɫɨɡɞɚɺɬ „ɢɥɥɸɡɢɸ ɛɟɡɧɚɤɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ” ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ29. – ɉɊɈ – „Ȼɟɪɥɢɧɫɤɚɹ ɫɬɟɧɚ”, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɚɹ ɜɧɨɜɶ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɶ ȿɜɪɨɩɭ ɧɚ ɞɜɚ ɥɚɝɟɪɹ30. – ɉɊɈ – ɷɬɨ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚ ɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɶ ɜ ɨɞɧɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɦ ɩɨɪɹɞɤɟ ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɫɢɥ ɧɚ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɟɧɬɟ ɢ ɦɢɪɟ31. ɇɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ, ɱɬɨ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɉɊɈ ɫɥɨ-ɠɢɜɲɟɝɨɫɹ ɛɚɥɚɧɫɚ ɫɢɥ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɱɪɟɜɚɬɨ ɬɪɚɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ: – ɉɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɪɚɡɜɺɪɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɊɈ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɢɦɟɬɶ ɝɥɨɛɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢ ɧɟɩɪɟɞ-ɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ32. – ɉɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɚɤɟɬɧɵɣ ɳɢɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɟɧ ɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɢɬɶ ɪɚɫɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɭ ɫɢɥ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ33 . – ɉɊɈ ɧɚɪɭɲɚɟɬ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɟ ɜ ɦɢɪɟ ɢ ɜɟɞɺɬ ɤ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɸ ɩɨɬɟɧ-ɰɢɚɥɚ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɨɛɟɡɨɪɭɠɢɜɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɭɞɚɪɚ34 . – Ɋɚɡɜɺɪɬɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɉɊɈ ɋɒȺ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ – ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɭɧɞɚ ɧɟɤɨɧɬ-ɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɝɨɧɤɢ ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ35. – ɉɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɚɤɟɬɧɚɹ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɚ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɢɝɪɵɲɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɬɪɚɧ; ɨɧɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɲɢɛɤɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɢɬɶɫɹ ɨɛɦɟ-ɧɨɦ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɦɢ ɭɞɚɪɚɦɢ36. ________________ 26 Tɚɦ ɠɟ. 27 Tɚɦ ɠɟ. 28 http://www.vz.ru/politics/2007/7/19/95207.html 29 http://www.rg.ru/2007/05/04/balyevskii.html 30 http://www.rg.ru/2007/05/04/balyevskii.html 31 http://www.inosmi.ru/translation/234764 32 http://www.rg.ru/2007/05/04/balyevskii.html 33 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/12/pro.html 34 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/12/pro.html 35 http://www.rg.ru/2007/05/04/balyevskii.html 36 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/05/09/02/3453/235690.html

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– ɋɒȺ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɟɬ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɩɨɫɥɟ „ɯɨɥɨɞɧɨɣ ɜɨɣɧɵ” ɟɜɪɨɩɟɣɫɤɭɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ37. – ɐɟɥɶ ɋɒȺ – ɪɚɡɪɭɲɢɬɶ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɦɟɠɞɭ Ɋɨɫɫɢɟɣ ɢ ȿɜɪɨɩɨɣ38. ɇɟ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɣ ɮɚɤɬ, ɱɬɨ ɨɫɨɛɨɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɭɞɟɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ ɉɊɈ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɫɭɜɟɪɟɧɢɬɟɬɭ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣ-ɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ. ȼɨɩɪɟɤɢ ɭɫɩɨɤɚɢɜɚɸɳɢɦ ɡɚɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɢɬɢ-ɤɨɜ ɭɪɨɜɟɧɶ ɜɡɚɢɦɧɨɝɨ ɞɨɜɟɪɢɹ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɫɧɢɠɚɥɫɹ, ɹɪɤɢɦ ɞɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨɦ ɱɟɝɨ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɫɥɭɠɢɬɶ ɧɢɠɟɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ: – Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ [...] ɭɝɪɨɠɚɸɬ „ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɵ”39. – Ɇɨɫɤɜɭ ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɢɬ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ɧɚɪɚɳɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɨɟɧɧɨ-ɝɨ ɩɪɢɫɭɬɫɬɜɢɹ ɜ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ40. – Ɂɚɩɚɞ ɩɨɞɯɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɢ ɧɚɛɢɪɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɜ ɛɵɜɲɟɦ ɋɋɋɊ41. – ɉɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɚɤɟɬɧɚɹ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɚ ɋɒȺ ɭ ɧɚɲɢɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ!42. – ɇɨɜɚɹ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɉɊɈ [...] ɭɝɪɨɠɚɟɬ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ43. – ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ ɩɥɚɧɵ ɉɊɈ ɧɚɰɟɥɟɧɵ ɜɫɟɰɟɥɨ ɢ ɧɚɩɪɹɦɭɸ ɧɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ44. – Ɋɚɡɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɉɊɈ ɜ ɫɬɪɚɧɚɯ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɵ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɪɟɚɥɶ-ɧɭɸ ɭɝɪɨɡɭ ɞɥɹ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ45. – Ɇɨɬɢɜɚɰɢɟɣ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɺɪɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɉɊɈ ɫɬɚɧɟɬ ɞɥɹ ɋɒȺ ɥɢɤɜɢɞɚɰɢɹ „ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɦɨɳ-ɧɨɝɨ ɝɟɨɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɩɟɪɧɢɤɚ”46 . – ȼɚɲɢɧɝɬɨɧ ɩɭɝɚɟɬ Ɇɨɫɤɜɭ ɉɊɈ47. – Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɉɊɈ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɧɚɫɬɪɨɟɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ48. – ɋɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɤɥɚɫɫɚ ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɣɤɨɦ ɢ ɜɧɟ ɪɚɦɨɤ ɫɭɳɟɫɬ-ɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɞɨɝɨɜɨɪɧɨɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɹɞɟɪɧɵɯ ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ49 . – ɉɊɈ [...] ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɶ ɋɒȺ ɜ ɛɥɢɠɚɣɲɟɟ ɩɹɬɶ ɥɟɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɧɚɧɟɫɟɧɢɸ ɩɟɪɜɨɝɨ ɭɞɚɪɚ50. – ɇɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɢ (ɜ ɋɒȺ) ɩɪɹɦɨ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɤɚɤ ɧɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɫɢɥɨɜɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ51. ________________ 37 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/07/05/15/3512/235133.html 38 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/07/05/15/3512/235133.html 39 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/01/05/29/2996/236135.html 40 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/06/01/03/3471/234821.html 41 http://www.rian.ru/world/europa/20070606/66806789.html 42 http://www.rg.ru/2007/05/04/balyevskii.html 43 http://www.subscribe.ru/archive/media.news.online.inosmi/200706/12090515.html 44 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/05/09/02/3453/234928.html 45 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/12/pro.html 46 http://www.vz.ru/politics/2007/7/19/95207.html 47 http://www.ng.ru/politics/2007-04-26/3_kartblansh.html 48 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/25/baluevskiy.html 49 http://nvo.ng.ru/wars/2006-09-01///2_newrockets.html 50 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/05/09/02/3453/234928.html 51 http://www.vz.ru/politics/2007/7/19/95207.html

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– Ɉɬ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɉɊɈ ɋɒȺ ɜ ȼɨɫɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɭɝɪɨɡɚ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫ-ɧɨɫɬɢ Ɋɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɣ Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɰɢɢ52. ɉɊɈ, ɹɜɥɹɹɫɶ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɢɥɢɬɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɚɪɫɟ-ɧɚɥɚ, ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɚɦɧɨɝɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ, ɱɟɦ ɷɬɨ ɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ. ȼ ɋɆɂ ɩɨɹɜɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɜɫɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɟ ɭɠɚɫɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɰɟɧɚɪɢɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɝɨ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ, ɩɨɫɥɟ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɉɊɈ: – Ȼɟɫɩɪɟɰɟɞɟɧɬɧɨɟ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɜɨɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɫɯɨɞɨɜ ɋɒȺ53. – ɋɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ (Ɂɚɩɚɞɚ) ɜɡɹɬɶ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɧɬɨɪɥɶ54. – ɉɊɈ ɩɪɟɞɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɚ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ „ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ” Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɢ ɧɚɞ ȼɨɫ-ɬɨɱɧɨɣ ȿɜɪɨɩɨɣ ɢ ɟɳɺ ɪɚɡ ɩɪɨɞɟɦɨɧɫɬɪɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɢɥɭ55 . – ɇɚɲ (ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɫɤɢɣ) ɜɨɟɧɧɵɣ ɛɸɞɠɟɬ ɜɫɺ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɜɚɲɟɝɨ, ɬɚɤ ɦɵ ɜɚɫ ɨɤɪɭɠɢɦ, ɛɭɞɶɬɟ ɫɩɨɤɨɣɧɵ56. – ɋɬɪɚɯɢ ɩɟɪɟɞ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ Ɂɚɩɚɞɚ ɭɫɢɥɢɥɢɫɶ57. – ɉɊɈ ɨɯɜɚɬɢɬ ɧɚɲɭ ɫɬɪɚɧɭ ɜ ɩɨɥɭɤɨɥɶɰɨ58. – Ⱥ ɜɨɬ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɭɸ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɸ ɞɨ ɍɪɚɥɚ ɢ ɧɚɲ ɪɚɤɟɬɧɨ-ɹɞɟɪɧɵɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɉɊɈ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ!59. – Ⱥ ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɨɣ „ɝɥɚɡ” ɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹ ɭ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɰɟɜ ɟɳɺ ɢ ɜ Ƚɪɭɡɢɢ, ɦɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɲɩɢɨ-ɧɚ ɲɩɢɨ-ɧɚ ɸɠɧɨɦ ɲɩɢɨ-ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ60. – Ⱥɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɰɵ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɬ ɧɚɫ ɪɚɤɟɬɚɦɢ ɱɚɫɬɨɤɨɥɨɦ, ɢɫɩɨɞɜɨɥɶ ɝɨɬɨɜɹɬ ɹɞɟɪ-ɧɨɟ ɧɚɩɚɞɟɧɢɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɭɧɢɱɬɨɠɢɬɶ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥ ɨɬɜɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɭɞɚɪɚ61. – Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ [...] ɨɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɚ ɒɬɚɬɚɦɢ62. – ȿɫɥɢ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɚɡɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ ɬɚɤɨɦɭ ɫɰɟɧɚɪɢɸ, ɬɨ Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ ɩɨɩɚɞɺɬ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɡɚ ɜɫɸ ɫɜɨɸ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ63. ɉɟɪɟɨɫɧɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɦɢɥɢɬɚɪɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɢ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɢ ɪɚɡɦɟɫɬɢɬɶ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɵ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɚɤɟɬɧɨɣ ɨɛɨɪɨɧɵ ɋɒȺ ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɩɭɝɚɸɬ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɫɨ-ɜɟɬɫɤɢɟ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɚ. Ɏɚɤɬɨɪ ɫɢɥɵ, ɩɪɨɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɸɳɢɣɫɹ ɜ ɦɨɳɢ ɜɨɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɚɪɫɟɧɚ-ɥɚ, ɨɩɹɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɭ ɦɢɪɚ. ɋɬɪɚɧɵ, ɧɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɨɤɚɡɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɲ-ɥɨɦ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɥɨɠɧɵɟ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɛɚɪɪɢɤɚɞɵ, ɜɫɬɭɩɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɩɭɬɶ ɤɨɧ-ɮɪɨɧɬɚɰɢɢ. ɂɫɬɨɪɢɹ ɤɪɭɝɨɦ ɢɞɟɬ – ɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɟɭɦɵɟ ɧɢɤɟɦ ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɭɸɬ, ɤɚɤ ɧɟɨɞɧɨɤɪɚɬɧɨ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɋɆɂ, ɧɚɱɚɥɨ ɧɨɜɨɣ „ɝɨɧɤɢ ________________ 52 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/25/baluevskiy.html 53 http://www.rg.ru/2007/05/04/balyevskii.html 54 http://vz.ru/politics/2007/6/14/88017.html 55 http://www.subscribe.ru/archive/media.news.online.inosmi/200706/12090515.html 56 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/07/04/25/3510/233011.html 57 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/01/05/29/2996/235558.html 58 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/25/baluevskiy.html 59 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/28/putin-klaus.html 60 http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/25/balyevskii.html 61 http://www.rg.ru/2007/06/15/gonka.html 62 http://www.inosmi.ru/stories/07/05/15/3512/235133.html 63 http://www.subscribe.ru/archive/medi.news.online.inosmi/200706/12090515.html

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ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ”, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɢɡ-ɡɚ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɤɨɩɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɪɟɱɢɣ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɟɳɟ ɨɩɚɫɧɟɟ, ɱɟɦ ɜ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɦ. ȿɫɥɢ ɞɨɛɚɜɢɬɶ ɤ ɷɬɨɦɭ, ɱɬɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɟɜɪɨ-ɩɟɣɫɤɢɟ ɞɟɪɠɚɜɵ (ɧɚɩɪ., „ɡɥɵɟ ɩɪɢɛɚɥɬɵ”) „ɞɪɭɠɚɬ ɞɪɭɝ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ Ɋɨɫɢɢɢ”64, ɬɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɵ ɫɥɨɠɢɜɲɟɣɫɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɧɚ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ ɚɪɟɧɟ ɜɟɫɶɦɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɵɟ – „ɜ ȿɜɪɨɩɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ ɦɨɳɧɚɹ ɚɧɬɢɪɨɫɫɢɣ-ɫɤɚɹ ɨɫɶ”65, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ „[...] ɦɨɠɟɬ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɟɰ ɧɚɞɟɠɞɚɦ Ɋɨɫɫɢɢ ɫɬɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɧɨɰɟɧɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɰɢɜɢɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ”66 . ɇɟ ɭɞɢɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ, ɱɬɨ, ɤɚɤ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɋɆɂ, „[...] ɧɚ «ɠɢɡɧɟɧɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɨɦ» ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɋɇȽ Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ ɠɞɭɬ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣɲɢɟ ɧɟɭɞɚɱɢ”67 . Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛ-ɪɚɡɨɦ, „[...] ɫɬɪɚɧɚ ɠɢɜɺɬ ɜ ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɢ ɛɟɞɵ, ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɫɜɚɥɢɬɶɫɹ ɧɟɢɡ-ɜɟɫɬɧɨ ɨɬɤɭɞɚ”68 . ɉɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɢɡ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɢɯ ɝɚɡɟɬ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɟ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɜɥɚɫɬɟɣ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɪɹɞɨɜɵɯ ɝɪɚɠɞɚɧ. ȼ ɧɵɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɟ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɟɡɞɟ ɜɟɟɬ ɡɥɨɛɨɣ, ɧɟɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɛɭɞɭ-ɳɟɝɨ, ɭɝɪɨɡɚɦɢ. ɋɪɟɞɧɢɣ ɪɨɫɫɢɹɧɢɧ ɜɟɪɢɬ ɩɨɪɨɣ ɫɚɦɵɦ ɧɟɥɟɩɵɦ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɟ-ɧɢɹɦ, ɧɟ ɜɧɢɦɚɹ ɞɚɠɟ ɝɨɥɨɫɭ ɪɚɫɫɭɞɤɚ. ɋɨɛɵɬɢɹ, ɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɭɠɟ ɧɢɤɬɨ ɧɟ ɭɫɩɟɜɚɟɬ ɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ, ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɸɬ ɪɨɫɫɢɹɧ ɜ ɦɧɟɧɢɢ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɤɚ ɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɠɢɞɚɬɶ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɣ: ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɯɭɠɟ, ɜ ɱɟɦ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɬ ɋɆɂ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɤɪɚɲɟɧɧɭɸ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɭ, ɋɆɂ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬ ɧɨ-ɜɵɟ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɭɝɪɨɡɵ. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɧɚɦɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɢɡ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɟɫɫɵ ɞɚɟɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞ, ɱɬɨ ɛɚɡɢɫɧɵɦ, ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɦ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟ-ɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɜ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɩɟɱɚɬɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɩɨɡɢɰɢɹ „ɦɵ – ɨɧɢ”, ɝɞɟ „ɨɧɢ” ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɨɞɧɨɡɧɚɱɧɨ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɢ, ɚɫɫɨɰɢɢɪɭɹɫɶ ɫ „ɱɭɠɢɦɢ”, ɬ.ɟ. ɨɩɩɨɧɟɧɬɚɦɢ, ɩɪɨɬɢɜɧɢɤɚɦɢ ɢ, ɜ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨɦ ɢɬɨɝɟ, ɜɪɚɝɚɦɢ. Ɉɛɪɚɡɵ „ɜɪɚɝɚ” ɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɢ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ-ɥɢɛɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ (ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɋɒȺ ɢɥɢ Ɂɚɩɚɞɚ) ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɡɧɚɤɨɦɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɱɭɠɨɝɨ, ɧɨ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ, ɢɧɞɢɤɚɬɨɪ ɜɫɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɵɯ ɭɝɪɨɡ, ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɢ, ɧɟɪɚɡɪɵɜɧɨ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɣ, ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ. ȼɫɟɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦ ɜɪɚɝɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɦ, ɧɚɫɬɨɹɳɟɦ ɢ ɛɭ-ɞɭɳɟɦ ɩɪɢɩɢɫɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɟɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɥɚɧɵ ɢ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ, ɨɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɢɫɯɨ-ɞɢɬ ɭɝɪɨɡɚ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɢ „ɦɵ”. ɗɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ-ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɵɣ ɤɨɦ-ɩɨɧɟɧɬ ɢɝɪɚɟɬ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɨɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɳɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ. əɡɵɤɨɜɚɹ ɤɨɞɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɞɢɯɨɬɨɦɢɢ „ɦɵ – ɨɧɢ” ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɩɨ-ɪɚɡɧɨɦɭ. ɐɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭ-ɸɳɢɯ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɧɬɨɜ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɧɚɦɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɷɤɫ-ɩɥɢɤɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɤɪɨɦɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɹɞ ɟɝɨ ɦɨɞɭɫɨɜ ɢ ɨɬɬɟɧɤɨɜ, ɧɚɩɪ., ɨɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ, ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɬɪɟɜɨɝɚ, ________________ 64 http://www.ng.ru/ideas/2006-04-11/10_zapad.html 65 http://www.rg.ru/2007/07/19/rar.html 66 http://www.ng.ru/ideas/2006-04-11/10_zapad.html 67 http://www.novgaz.ru/data/2005/02/16.html 68 http://www.novayagazeta.ru/data/2007/01/10.html

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ɩɚɧɢɤɚ. ɇɨɦɢɧɚɧɬɵ ɩɨɧɹɬɢɹ „ɫɬɪɚɯ” ɱɚɫɬɨ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵ-ɦɢ, ɹɜɥɹɸɳɢɦɢɫɹ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɵɦɢ ɫɢɧɨɧɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɚ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ (ɭɠɚɫɚɸɳɢɣ, ɭɠɚɫɧɵɣ, ɩɚɧɢ-ɱɟɫɤɢɣ, ɨɩɚɫɧɵɣ). ɐɟɥɟɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɷɦɨɰɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɚ ɢɦɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨ, ɧɚɩɪ., ɱɟɪɟɡ ɧɨɦɢɧɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɥɟɤɫɢɤɭ (ɜɨɣɧɚ, ɛɟɡɧɚɤɚɡɧɨɫɬɶ, ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ, ɝɨɧɤɚ ɜɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ, ɲɩɢɨɧ, ɧɚɩɚ-ɞɟɧɢɟ, ɜɨɣɧɚ) ɢɥɢ ɚɞɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɭɸ (ɜɪɚɠɞɟɛɧɵɣ, ɞɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ, ɧɟɩɪɟɞ-ɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɵɣ, ɧɟɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɭɟɦɵɣ). Ⱦɚɠɟ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ, ɜɵɪɚɠɚ-ɸɳɢɯ ɪɚɡɧɭɸ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɭɸ ɤɚɪɬɢɧɭ ɨɩɚɫɧɨ-ɫɬɟɣ ɢ ɭɝɪɨɡ. ȼɫɟ ɜɵɲɟɩɟɪɟɱɢɫɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɢ, ɚ ɜ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɫ ɧɚɪɟɱɢɹɦɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ-ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɵɣ ɩɥɚɧ ɜɵ-ɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɩɪɟɫɫɵ ɟɳɟ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ. ɉɪɢ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɢ ɜ ɹɡɵɤɟ ɩɪɟɫɫɵ ɩɪɢɥɚɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɚɪɟɱɢɣ, ɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɪɚ ɤ ɩɪɟɞ-ɦɟɬɭ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɚɜɬɨɪɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɥɢɰɢɬɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɪɟɱɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɫɜɨɟɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɧɫɢɮɢɤɚɬɨɪɵ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɮɨɧɚ ɫɨ-ɨɛɳɟɧɢɣ, ɫɜɢɞɟɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨ ɬɨɦ, ɱɬɨ ɚɜɬɨɪ ɫɬɪɟɦɢɬɫɹ ɭɛɟɞɢɬɶ ɱɢɬɚɬɟ-ɥɹ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɚɜɨɬɟ ɩɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɦɭ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ. ȼ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɦɨɠ-ɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ: ɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɦɨɠ-ɧɨ (ɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɦɨɠ-ɧɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɟɬɫɹ), ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɦɨɠ-ɧɨ ɨɩɚɫɧɵɣ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɣɤɨɦ. ɋ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɧɚɜɹɡɚɬɶ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɮɨɪ-ɦɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɧɭɠɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɧɟɣ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɭɸ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɢɫɩɨɥɶ-ɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɝɥɚɝɨɥɵ, ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɳɢɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜ-ɧɵɯ, ɬ.ɟ. ɧɚɧɨɫɹɳɢɯ ɜɪɟɞ, ɧɚɩɪ. ɭɝɪɨɠɚɬɶ, ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɢɬɶ, ɞɨɛɢɬɶɫɹ, ɧɚɩɚɫɬɶ, ɩɨɞɫɬɭɩɢɬɶ (ɤ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɦ), ɪɚɡɜɹɡɚɬɶ ɜɨɣɧɭ, ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɶ, ɧɚɪɭɲɢɬɶ (ɛɚɥɚɧɫ ɫɢɥ, ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɪɚɜɧɨɜɟɫɢɟ), ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶ, ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɣ-ɤɨɦ). ȼɧɢɦɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɫɥɭɠɢɜɚɟɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɮɚɤɬ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɚɯ, ɢɥɥɸɫɬɪɢɪɭɸɳɢɯ ɹɡɵɤɨɜɨɟ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ, ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɱɚɳɟ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɝɥɚɝɨɥɵ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɧɚ-ɫɬɨɹɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɛɭɞɭɳɟɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ, ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɚ ɱɪɟɜɚɬɵɟ ɬɪɚɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɩɨ-ɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ, ɧɚɩɪ. „ɧɟɭɤɥɨɧɧɨ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɸɬɫɹ”, „ɱɬɨ-ɬɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚ-ɟɬɫɹ ɬɚɣɤɨɦ”, „ɫɬɪɚɧɚ ɠɢɜɺɬ ɜ ɨɠɢɞɚɧɢɢ ɛɟɞɵ”, „(Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ) ɠɞɭɬ ɞɚɥɶɧɟɣ-ɲɢɟ ɧɟɭɞɚɱɢ”, „ɩɨɞɫɬɭɩɢɬ ɤ ɧɚɲɢɦ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɚɦ”, „ɋɒȺ ɪɚɡɜɹɠɭɬ ɜɨɣɧɭ”, „ɜɨɡɶɦɭɬ (Ɋɨɫɫɢɸ) ɩɨɞ ɤɨɧɬɨɪɥɶ”, „(Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) ɩɨɩɚɞɺɬ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ”, „(Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) ɨɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɚ” ɢ ɬ.ɞ. Ɉɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ „ɫɬɪɚɯ” ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ „ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ”, ɜɵɡɵ-ɜɚɸɳɟɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɧɨɬɚɰɢɢ, ɬ.ɟ. ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ, ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ, ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɢɬɶɫɹ ɤɨɦɭ-ɬɨ ɢɥɢ ɱɟɦɭ-ɬɨ (ɧɚɩɪ., ɜɡɹɬɶ ɩɨɞ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ, ɭɤɪɟɩɢɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɶ, ɱɬɨ-ɬɨ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ, ɨɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɨɤɪɭɠɺɧɧɵɦ, ɩɨɩɚɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ). ɍɝɪɨɡɚ, ɜɪɚɝ, ɛɟɫɩɨɤɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɞɟɫɬɚɛɢɥɢɡɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ, ɧɨɜɚɹ ɜɨɣɧɚ, ɩɨɪɨɝ ɤɨɧɮɪɨɧɬɚɰɢɢ – ɥɢɲɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɵ ɫɥɨɜ, ɭɦɟɥɨɟ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɫɥɭɠɢɬ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ

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ɩɨɞɨɛɪɚɧɧɨɣ ɥɟɤɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɛɚɡɵ ɜɚɠɧɚɹ ɪɨɥɶ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɫɢɧɬɚɤɫɢɫɭ. Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶ ɜɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɭɩɨɬɪɟɛɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɸɡɨɜ (ɟɫɥɢ, ɬɨ...). ȼ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɦɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɨɧɢ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɧɚ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ (ɢɥɢ ɧɟɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ) ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ, ɤɚɭɡɚɬɨɪɚ, ɧɚɩɪ.: „[...] ɟɫɥɢ ɬɚɤɨɣ «ɝɥɚɡ» ɩɨɹɜɢɬɫɹ ɭ ɚɦɟɪɢɤɚɧɰɟɜ ɟɳɺ ɢ ɜ Ƚɪɭɡɢɢ, ɬɨ ɦɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɦ ɲɩɢɨɧɚ ɧɚ ɸɠɧɨɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ”69_{ɢɥɢ „[...] ɟɫɥɢ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɹ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɪɚɡɜɨɪɚɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɩɨ} ɬɚɤɨ-ɦɭ ɫɰɟɧɚɪɢɸ, ɬɨ Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ ɩɨɩɚɞɺɬ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɟ, ɜ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɡɚ ɜɫɸ ɫɜɨɸ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ”70 . ɉɨɞɵɬɨɠɢɜɚɹ ɜɵɲɟɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɨɟ, ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɨɬɦɟɬɢɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɹɡɵ-ɤɨɜɨɣ ɪɟɩɪɟɡɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ɷɦɨɰɢɢ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ, ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɷɦɨ-ɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɬɟɤɫɬɚ ɜɥɢɹɟɬ ɧɚ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɬɨɦɭ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɦɭ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɭ. Ɇɟɬɨɞɵ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɣ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɫɨɜɟɪ-ɲɟɧɫɬɜɭɸɬɫɹ, ɟɟ ɪɨɥɶ ɜ ɫɨɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɦ ɪɨɫɫɢɣɫɤɨɦ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ ɫɬɚɥɚ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɨɣ. ɋɟɝɨɞɧɹ ɬɪɭɞɧɨ ɭɝɚɞɚɬɶ, ɡɚɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɚ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɨɣ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɭɫɬɪɚ-ɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɬɪɚɯɨɜ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɸɬ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɢɯ ɮɨɪɦɵ. ɋɮɚɛɪɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɋɆɂ ɦɚɫɫɨɜɵɣ ɫɬɪɚɯ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɦ ɤɪɭɩɧɟɣɲɟɣ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɵ ɩɨ „ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ” ɢ ɦɚɧɢɩɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟɦ. ɉɨ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ Ȼɟɪɧɚɪɞɚ ɒɨɭ: „ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɦɢɪɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɥɹ ɬɟɯ, ɤɬɨ ɟɺ ɛɨɢɬɫɹ”71 . ɇɵɧɟɲɧɢɟ ɋɆɂ ɲɢɪɨɤɨ ɨɛɜɢɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɟɭɜɟɥɢɱɟɧɢɢ ɦɚɫɲɬɚɛɨɜ ɩɭɝɚ-ɸɳɢɯ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɩɪɨɜɨɰɢɪɭɩɭɝɚ-ɸɳɢɯ ɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɩɭɝɚ-ɸɳɢɯ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɸ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɢ ɪɚɡɧɨɜɢɞɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ. Ɋɨɥɶ ɋɆɂ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ. ɋɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɬɶ ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ, ɱɬɨ ɰɟɥɚɹ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɧɚɝɧɟɬɚɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɥɸɛɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ ɫɨɨɛɳɟɧɢɹ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɪɨɫɬɭ. ________________ 69_{http://www.rg.ru/2007/04/25/balyevskii.html} 70 http://www.subscribe.ru/archive/medi.news.online.inosmi/200706/12090515.html 71_{ɘ. ɓ ɟ ɪ ɛ ɚ ɬ ɵ ɯ, ɂɡɛɚɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɫɬɪɚɯɚ? ɗɬɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ!!!, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ 2006, ɫ. 4.}

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