Widok ПЕРIОД В УКРАЇНСЬКИХ НАРОДНИХ ДУМАХ: СТРУКТУРНО-СЕМАНТИЧНI ОСОБЛИВОСТI Й ПОЕТИЧНI ФУНКЦЙ

II epioo

(3

yKpai)-tCbKUX 1-tapoOJ-tUX

óyMax: cmpyKmyp1-to-ceMa1-tmul/1-ti

oco6nueocmi u noemul/1-ti {jJy1-tKtfii"

TET51HA 6E�EHKO

(CyMu)

Tipo6neMa ,nocni,U)Kettwi MOBHo·i opratti3auii" yKpa·iHCbKHX ttapo,nm1x eyM -ycttonoeTH'łHHX TBOpiB eniYHOro )K3ttpy, B 51KHX si,no6p3)Ketti BH3H3YaflbHi CTOpiHKH iCTOpHYHOro )KHTT51 ttapo,ny, 3 YaCOM tta6yna we 6inbWO°i 3KTYaflbHOCTi y 38'513KY 3 3arocTpeHH51M noYyTT51 ttauiottaJlbHO"i c aMO CBi.UOMOCTi Ta ttauiottaJ1bH0°i i,nettrncpiKaui"i, ll.1,0 np051BJ151CTbC51 ttacaMnepe.n B ycsi,nOMJleHHi csod OKpeMiWHOCTi y MOBHOMY npocropi, 30KpeMa B noeTHYHOMY BHp3)Ketttti. Y CBOIO Yepry eniYHa (p0JlbK110pHa TBOpYiCTb, 33 CJ1083MH si,noMoro yKpai°HCbKOro B'-łettoro

M.T.

PHJlbCbKOro, ittTepttauiottanbttOro 33 )J.yXOM i nepeKOH3HH51MH, THM nOKa30Ba, ll.1,0 "y scix i°i po3raJly)KeHH51X CT3HOBHTb 33KOHHY rop,niCTb ttapo.nis, 51Ki ,nanH

"ii csirnsi",

"sotta € sipHOJO CnYTHHUeJO icropi"i JllO)J.CTBa, HCKpaBHM si,n6HTT51M H3HB3)KJlHBiWHX MOMeHTiB y uii1 icrnpi"t" (PHJlbCbKHH

1987: 132).

,[vrn TaKHX WHpOKOMacwrn6HHX eniYHHX TBOpiB, lllO "BH3HaYaJOTbC51 p03-M3WHCTHM onHCOBHM CTHJleM, )J.OKJ13,lJ.HHM 306p�BaHH51M no.nii1 i nnaCTHKOIO" (Konecca

1921: 36),

51K )J.yMH, 33KOHOMipHHM i 3 CTHJlbOBOro, i 3 CTHJliCTHYHOro norm.ny BHCTynaJOTb KOHCTpyKUi"i 3 nepio,noM, 51Ki 51BJ151l0Tb co6oJO p03ropHYTY, 6araTOKOMnOHettrny, rapMOHiHHO opratti30Batty CHHT3KCHL!HY no6y,nosy, ll.1,0 xa­ paKTepH3YCTbC51 uinicttiCTIO TeMH, nOBHOTOIO i ,lJ.HHaMi3MOM 3MiCTy (ttepi,nKO

ene­

MeHTaMH o6pa3HOCTi i WHpOKHMH acouiaTHBHHMH 38'513K3MH) (6apaHHHK

2000:

435).

Stylistyka XII

Te, !UO 3a:rnat.JeHi O,nl1HHUi MOBH € opraHi'-łHHMH CKJla,UHHKaMH noeTH'-łHHX

eni'-łHHX )KaHpiB, ni,urnepJJ.)K)'IOTb <pOJlbKJlOpHi 3pa3KI1 iHWHX CJ10B'51HCbKI1X Ha­

po,uis, 30KpeMa cep6CbKOro enocy:

Ka)l{yTb Jli0Jll1, noBi}lalOTb, Cl1HK)':

BiJl Mpal\10pa JlO 5łsop-nnaH11H11,

B iJl 51 sopa, c11tty, JlO Ca3JJ i"i,

BiJl CaJni"i JlO Kp11soro Mocry,

A BiJl Mocry, c11Hy, JlO 3set.Jatta,

BiJl 3Be4aHa, Ka)l{yTb JlO 4.et.Jatta,

BiJl 4.e<iatta JlO sepxa nnaH11H11,

Bee Kocose 3axon11J111 rypK11

(CHTI 1955: 41)

6011rapCbKHX IOHaUbKHX nicettb:

Cott np11cH11JJC51 3p11H51H11Hy-6atty

Bo Kapnosue so ropoJle 6enoM:

6yJlTO COJIHUe )l(apKoe noMepKJJO,

6yJlTO MeC5lll 51CHblH Mrna 3aKpbrna,

6yJlTO nana Ha 3eMJJIO ,[J;eHHHUbl,

6yJlTO 3Be3}lbl C He6a onyCTl1Jll1Cb

(CnaB51HCKl1H 1987: 229-230)

PYMYHCbKHX:

Y AtteCTpa, AttecTpa-peKH,

fJle npoCTOpbl }laJJeKH,

y 5łnnyrcKOH y KOCbI,

f}le B 3aKaTHble 4aCbl

8e}lbMbl CXO}l51TC51 TOJIDOH,

Co6I,1pa10T KopeHb 3notl,

f}le 3BepHHhlH BO}lODOH,

-TaM paCKHHYJlHCb, necTpbl,

Pa3HOUBeTHbte waTpbl

(PyMblHCKue 1953: 15)

I,ueHTH'-łHi 3pa3KH noeTH'-łHOro CJ10B0B)KHBaHH51 <piKCYIOTb 6HJ111HH:

«Ewe KTO np11eJ1eT no 4eptty waTpy

-Aa )1(11BOMY - TO Ha3aJl 6yJ1eT He yexaT11,

He 6brnaTh TOMY 6yJ1eT Jla Ha CBHTOH PyCH,

He TOnTaTb TOMY 6yJleT }la 3eJJeHOH TpaBbl

.

'

...

;;, t'. 1/ •

Ilepioo 8 yKpalHCbKUX HapOOHUX oyMax ...

,[(a He cnyrnaTh '-leThH-neTMI l.lepKOBHOro,

,[(a TOro )l(e 3B0HY KOJIOKOJlhHOro»

(faIRUHbl

J 988: 69)

TEDIHA 6EUEHKO

3.n,aTHiCTh nepio.n,y BHcrynaTH He3MiHHHM aTpw6yTOM eni<rnoro noeTH'łHOro

cnuno Hanpo4yA 51CKpaso 3aCBiALfYIOTb TBOp11 Hecnos '51HCbKHX KYJJbTYP, 30KpeMa

roMepiBCbKi noeM11 Jniaoa:

CnoBHO KaK MOJIHHeH 6nemeT cynpyr JJenoKy.Uphl)I fephl,

EcJJH fOTOBl1T 11Jlh ,UO)l(,Uh 6eCKOHe'-IHhlH, 11Jlh rpa.u spe.UOHOCHhlH,

I1nb MeTeJJh, KaK CHera y6eJJHIOT w11poK11e CTerrn,

I1J111 norn6eJJhHOH 6paHl1 orpOMHYIO naCTh OTBep3aeT

-TaK MHOroKpaTHO B3.UhtXaeT AraMeMHOH, rny6oKO o cep.uua,

CKop6bJO rneTOMOro

(foMep I 985: 155-156)

Ta Ooiccea:

EMy OTBe'laH, CKaJaJJ O.u11cceti x11rpoyMHh1ti:

"Ecn11 6 c ro6oti, EBp11Max, np11senoch MHe nocnop11Th pa6oroti,

Ecn11 6 BeCHOIO, Kor.ua npO.UOJl)l(l1TeJ1hHeH 6h1Th Ha411H8IOT

,[(HH, no Koce, O.UHHaKOBO ocrpoti:, 06011M HaM .UaJJ11

B pyK11, 'IT06, BMecre pa6oraH c caMoro pattHero yrpa

BITJJOTh .UO Be'-lepHeH 3ap11, Mhl rpaBy nyrosy!O KOCl1Jll1,

I1JJh, Kor.ua 6hI, 3anpHrrn11 HaM B nnyr .UBYX 6hIKOB Kpyrnpornx,

OrHeHHhIX, poCJlhlX, OTKOpMJJeHHhlX TY'IHOH rpasoJO, MOry'leH

C11JJOIO paBHhlX, paBHO MOJIO.UhIX, paBHO pa6oTHIU11X,

,[(an11 1.JeThrpe HaM noJJH scnaxaTh .łlJIH noceBa, rnr.n,a 6hr

CaM Th[ ys11.uen, KaK 6hICTpo 6hr B .UJl11HHhle 6op03,Uhl nnyr MOH

TTone 113pe3an

(foMep I 985: 229)

51Ki WHpOKO nocnyrosylOTbC51 UHM CTHJJiCTHl.fHHM 3aco60M.

Ha cpyttKuioHysaHH51 B ,nyMax cTpyKTyp 3 nepio,noM 3sepHys ysary me TT.

)ł(11TeUbKHH ()ł(11Tel.lKi1H 1893: 15-18). Y cso!O l.fepry <I>. Konecca scTaHOBHB, mo

np11 Bi.n,cyrnocTi 3BHl.faHHOro .D,Jl51 niceHb CTpo<piLfHOfO no.niny B ,nyMax Ha51BHi

no.nim-i Ha nepio.n11, a6o THpa.n,11, T06To TaKi rpyn11 BipwiB, 3 51Kl1X KO)l(Ha MiCTHTb B

co6i 3aKittl.fett11ii o6pa3 a6o 3aKpyrnetty AYMKY, 51Ki siH me tta3sas "nepio.n,aM11

KofoapcbKO'i peu11rauii" (Konecca 1921: 45). TTpoTe Ha CbOfOAHi nOBHOfO

B11-CBiTJJeHH51 ue n11TaHH51 TaK i He .n,icrano, i Haiinepwe - B nnom11tti cT11nicTwrniii,

HKa )],Jl)! AYM 3 6araTbOX npwrnH €, 3a CJIOBaMH <I>. Konecc11, HaiiuiHHi

W

OIO

Stylistyka XII

(Konecca 1935: 31 ). Y uinoMy niHrnicn1 o.nHOCTaHHt y s113Ha4eHHi cyrnocTi

nepio.ny j CTl1niCTl14Hl1X cpyHKUiH 3a3Ha4eHoro MOSHO-noeTl14HOfO llSHlUa

(Kosanb 1978: 306; Kyn11K 1961: 246-248; EapaHHHK 2000: 435-437; rony6

1997: 430; Ees3eHKO 1994: 391-393; Ea6ai1uesa, MaKCHMOs 1981: 260-261 Ta

itt.). nepio.n SSa)l(a€TbCll KaTeropioo CTHniCTl14HOro CHHTaKCHCy: "siH He

CTaHOSHTb OKpeM11x CTPYKTYPHHX nmis pe4eHHll i s KO)l(HOMY s11na.nKy cpopMy­

€TbCll llK cnmicTH4HO aKTHSi3osaHHH sapiaHT npocToro peYeHHll a6o CKna.nttoro

pe4eHHll" (EapaHHHK 2000: 436). Ll,HM, OYeSH.UHO, i MO)l(Ha r10llCHl1Tl1 si.ncyrniCTb

cneuianbHO B11.nineHoro CTPYKTypttoro pi3Hos11.ny UHX pe4eHb y rpaMaTHKaX

yKpa·iHCbKo"i MOSH (KCYJlM 1951; B11xosatteUb 1993, CYJlM 1972).

TToMiTHa 0,UHOCTaHHiCTb y Sl13Ha4eHHi niHrnicTaMH cyTHOCTi nepio.ny 3j

CTPYKTYPHOro nornll.ny sce )I( MicTHTb .nellKY HeT04HicTb. TaK O. TToHoMapis, Jl.n.

Kosa.nb, xo,; i He Haronowysan11 Ha w11pw0My p03yMiHHi nepio.ny 3 nornll.ny

6y.nos11, npoTe p03fnll)J.a.Jll1 np11Kna.n11 UHX CTHniCTH'-IHHX cpiryp, lUO SHpa)l(eHi

CKna,UHHM CHHTaKCl14H11M uinHM (Ha.ncppa3HOIO €.UHiCTIO) (TTOHOMapis 2000: 229,

232, 234; Kosa.nb 1978: 315, 317, 319). ra.naeMo, mo Uli .nyMKa 3acnyrosye Ha

ysary. A.n)l(e, ttanp11Kna.n, Kon11 nopisHllTH TaKi .nsa nepio.n11 .nyMosoro enocy

KnaCH4HHi1:

To llK 6yAyTh, cecTpo, o TTeTpy piK11 3aMep3arn,

A 06 Pi3ABi Kan11Ha s ny3i npousirnrn,

A 06 Bac11ni10 Hro,D.11 3p0,!1.)l(aTJ1,

)KosrnH niCOK Ha 6inoMy KaMeHi CX0,!J.)1(3TJ1

Ta c1rniM usiTOM npousirnrn,

XpemaT11M 6apsiHKOM KaMiHb ycrnnarn,

-To -Ton.i li 6yAy ,li.O sac, cecTpo, s roCTi np116ysarn!

(YHJJ: 1972: 319)

Ta SHpa)l(eHHH CKna,UHHM CHHTaKCl14HHM uinHM, lUO HOro MH Te)!( si,nHOCHMO .no

pi3HOS11.UY nepio,nH4HO°i MOSH (MosneHHll):

6paTiKy M11n1111,

51K rony6oHbKO CH311H !

TTp116yAb )l{e rn ,li.O MeHe.

TeMHtti" ny)l{eHbKl1 llCHeHbKl1M COKOnOHbKOM nepeneT11,

W11poK11"i nonll M3nl1M-HesenHKHM nepenenOHbKOM nepeH,!J.H,

611cTp11"i piYeHbKH H 03epa 6in11M ne6e,!J.OHbKOM nepennttBH,

Cl1!lb-na11.11 y MO°iM ,!J.BOpi Cl1B11M rony6oHbKOM,

fonOBKY CKnOHH,

)Kani6HeHbKO 3ary,D.11.

llepioo 6 yKpaiHCbKUX 11apoo11ux oyMa.x ...

Hexaj;j li 6y.uy BHX0.UlKaTH,

Oi:i no ronocy no3HasaT11,

PO.UHHOIO cep.ueWH0IO Ha3HBaTH

I Ha xni6, Ha ciJJb 3aKJ111KaTH,

I Ha 3.UOpoB'll Te6e, 6paTe, 6y.uy nHTaTH

(YH,ll; 1972: 329-330),

TET51HA 6El�EHKO

TO noMiTHOIO BIUIBHTbC51 CXO)KiCTb UHX CHHTaKCHKO-CTHJJiCTHt.JHHX 0.fl.HHHUb y nnaHi T51)KiHH51 .n.o E:.UHH0ro 3MiCTOBOro (TeMaTHt.JHOro) H iHTOHauiiłHoro Hanos­ HeHH51, Ul0 o.n.HaKoso CTaHOBJJ51Tb uiJJKOM 3asepweHi i csoepi,uHi CTPYKTYPH, 51Ki 3 6oKy cjiopMH Bi.U3Hat.JalOTbC51 snop51.fl.K0B3HHM p03TawysaHH51M KOMnOHeHTiB i pHTMit.JHiCTIO. OT)Ke, He M3€M0 Hi51Kl1X ni.ucrns, a611 He p03rJ151.fl.3TH OCTaHHiH np­ HKJla.u JIK pi3HOBH.U nepio.uy.

Y .uyMax 3acsi.n.t.JeHi KOHCTpyKui"i nepio,uy, npe.UCTaBJleHi 51K npOCTHMH yc­ KJ13.fl.HeHHMH, TaK i CKJ13.fl.HHMH, B 0CH0BH0MY - 6araTOKOMCTOHeHTHHMH CK­ Jl3.fl.HOni.n.p.SI,UHHMl1 pet.JeHH51MH. nop51.U 3 KJ13Cl1t.JH0IO M0.UeJlJllO nepio.uy (KO­ MCT03HUiHHO O.UHOJJiHii-iHe, TeMaTHt.JH0 u,iJJiCHe ni,UBHUleHH51 i BHCH0BK0Be 3H­ l,f)KeHH51), ui TB0pH penpe3eHT)'IOTb seJJHKY KiJlbKiCTb sapiaHTHHX Ta KOM6i­ H0B3HHX cjiopM, icHyBaHH51 j noBH0npasHe cjiyHKUioHysaHH51 .SIKHX y TeK- CTaX, Ha .UYMKY

,[(.X.

EapaHHHKa, npaKTHt.JH0 Heo6Me)KeHe (EapaHHHK

2000: 43 7).

BapiarnsHiCTb no6y.uos .uyMos11x nepio.uis .ueMoHcTpylOTb .SIK KJ1ac11t.JHi:

Opn11 Mo'i, opm, c113onepi!

CTOi1Te BH, o60lK.UiTe,

51K 6y.ue 3 HH3Y 3 ,ll;HiCTpa, THUi 6yi1HHH BiTep nosiTaTH,

,ll;pi6eH .O.0lllHK HaKpanarn,

Tor.ui M0ll .uywa 3 TiJIOM 6y.ue po3npomeHHE: MaTH

(YH,ll; 1972: 169)

TaK i He3aMKHeHi (o6epHeHi, HenosHi nepio,UHt.JHi KOHCTpyKui"i):

Tor.ui lK Isacb Y.uos111-1eHKO,

51K o.u XBHJlOHa, K0pcyHCbK0ro n0JJK0BHHKa,

EnarocJJOBeHHE: np11HiMaB,

CaM Ha .o.o6poro K0HJI ci.uas,

MilK.O.O K03aUbKHMH rn6ypaMH npo6iras,

lliJJHK j3 ce6e CKH.UaB,

XpecT Ha ce6e cnaras,

Stylistyka XII

l3 ycl!KHM K03aKoM cep.neurne npoweHH€ Mas,

Crnporo K03aKa piAHHM OTUeM Y3Hsas.

Ha rypeUbKi rn6ypH npo6iras,

TypeUbKi HaMern nonepeseprns,

TypoK n'l!TAeCl!T ni.n Mi'-1 Y3lls,

)];es' l!Tepo )1rnsueM i3s' l!3as,

Tiepe.n XsHJIOHa, KopcyHCbKOro ITOJIKOSHHKa, s HaMeT npHCTaBJlllS

TaKO)I( o6ipsaHi (He3aKiH'-łeHi):

Ew, l!K 6y.new TH, 6paTKO, Ha '-l)')l(iW CTOpoHi npm1rnsaTH,

Ey.new TH ITHTH i rynllTH,

Ey.nyTb paHHbOIO 3ope10 i se'-lipHbOIO

Ao Te6e KYMH i no6parnMH npHxo.n)l(aTH,

Ey.nyTb Te6e pi.nHHM 6paTKOM Ha3HSaTH ...

Ta o6pa1'rneHi:

Ow l!K-TO Tll)l(KO Ta l!K-TO Sa)l(KO

3eMJJi 6e3 TpasH, pH6i 6e3 SOAH,

Tirnwui 6e3 nica npo6ysarn,

-To TaK-TO Tll)l(KO, TO TaK-TO Sa)l(KO

(YHA 1972: 318)

JIIOAHHi Ha 'ły)l(iW '-i)')l(HHi, npH JIHXiw fOAHHi,

Ee3 6aTbKa w HeHbKH, 6e3 6JJH3bKOro po.ny

Ha csiTi npO)l(HSarn!

(YHA 1972: 332)

(YHA 1972: 251)

MosHa opraHi3aUill .ll.YM xapaKTep1nycrbCll noBCllK'-łaCHHM "nepenneTeHHllM"

nepio,ll.is: 'łaCTO .nsa nepio.n11 noE:.!l.HYIOTbCll Mi)!( co6010 y o_ntte uine, .nani KO­

HTaKTH ni.n.TpHMYIOTb imui. CTPYKTYPH 3 nepio.n.oM. <DaKTH'-łHO, MaH)l(e KO)l(Ha

,nyMa 3.n.e6inbluoro 6y.ll.y€TbCll Ha nepio,nax, »Ki yacrn npe.n.crnsneHi y KOH­

cTpyKu.i»x 3 npllMOIO MOBOIO. TTp»Ma MO Ba, llK i nepio.11.11, caMa no co6i .!l.HHaMi'-łHa,

Hanpy)l(eHa -TaKHM '-łHHOM, BHHHKa€ no.n.sii1Ha rpa.n.aui» BHCJlOBJl!OBaHo"i .11.YMKH

(3aB,ll.llKH np»MiH MOBi j nepi0.11.H'-łHHM CTpyKrypaM B0.11.HO'-łac):

I) Tor.ni-TO s.nosa CTHxa cnosa�rn npoMosnl!c

"Ew, Isac!O Y.nosH'!eHKY, AHTll MO€!

Y11 To6i s MeHe Hi'łoro CITHTH,

Y11 Hi'-loro 3'"icTH,

Y11 Hi s 'łiM xopowe cxo.n11rn?

.,.

'

,1

',

. ,

111

llepioo 6 yKpaii-lCbKUX HapOOHUX oy.111ax ...

l.J11 Te6e roponosa crnpw11Ha He 3HaE:?

l.J11 MiLUaHCbKaH 'łeJlHllb He noBa)l(a(?

2) €CTb y Hac KOHi BOpOHHI

I 'IOTHpH BOJIH nnyros111

-6yneM MH y noni xni6 naxarn,

6yneM naHiB i K03aKiB Ha xni6, Ha cinb 3arnraT11,

-6ynyTb Hac 6e3 n11uepcTBiH no6pe 3Harn"

(YH,ll; 1972: 247-248)

Qe 3pa30K TaK 3BaHoro nepio.ny 3 no.naiHHOIO rpa.nauiE:IO .

TEnIHA 6EUEHKO

y eni'łHHX TBOpax MO)l(e 6yTH He TiJlbKH no.naiwHa, a H noTpiHHa rpa.naui51 i

6inbllle. TaKe 51BHl.lle cnocTepiraE:TbC51 He TiJlbKH B .nyMax, a i B cep6CbKHX niCH51X

Ta iHlllHX TBOpax CJIOB' HHCbKOrO <pOJlbKnOpy.

EaraTOrpatttticTb nepio.nH'łHHX KOHCTPYKUiH npoMOBHCTO .neMOHCTpyE: i TOH

cpaKT, l.llO ui CTHJliCTH'łHi 0.L(HHHUi B .nyMax MO)l(YTb, nonpH ceMaHTH'łHY Ta

CTPYKTYPHY 6ararnnnaHoaicTb, nepe.naaaTH pi3HOMaHirni iHToHauiwtti ai.nTiHKH:

3anHTaHH51 3 ai.nTiHKOM npoxaHH51-3aKJlHKy:

Mam iłoro po3sa)l(aE:, K c11piił 3er.mi np11nanac

"C11Hy Miił, Isac!O BnoBH'łeHKY,

I €.!lHH'łHKY, llHrn MOJlOlleE:!

l-lH B Te6e Hi 3a LUO )l(l1TH-ryJ1HTH,

l.JH T06i Hi B 'łOMy ITOXO.!lHTH,

l-lH Te6e 'łeJlHllb 3a OTaMaHa He Ma€,

ll{o TH noiłnew Ha 4epKec-non11Hi rynHTH

I KO3aUbKOY cnas11 ll03HaBaT11?"

(YH,ll; 1972: 255)

p03noai.nb:

51K CTas i3 Hl13Y nirniH aiTep nosisarn,

Crns iłoro HeLUaCHHM XMiJlb i3HeMaraTH,

Crns BiH KOHeBi Ha rpHBy i3J1Hrarn,

CTas i noson11 3 pyK ynymarn ...

CTan11 Moro rypKH y XMeJ110 no3HasaT11,

CTan11 no KOMHWax 3acinaTH,

CTan11 Moro 3 KOHH 3611saT11 ...

Crns i.\oro KiHb no 1.JepHeUb-llOJlHHi caM rynHTH ...

Stylistyka X/I

cnoHyKaHHll:

OH, CTaHbM0 MH, 6paTe,

Aa CBO"ix KOHeH T)'T nonaciMO,

Aa caoro 6paTa, niworo-niwam1ui, niD.O,KD.iMo, Aa 3 co6oio Ha KOHi Bi3bMiMo,

Aa B rop0D.H xpHCTHllHCbKi Ao CBoro OTUll-MaTepi nin.Be3iMO

(YHA

1972: 220)

O6'E:MHiCTb cTpyKryp11 6y,nb-SIKoro nepioAy, B TOMY •meni - i ,nyMosoro, o6os­ '513KOBO 380)].HTbCSI A0 OAHie"i AYMKH - TeMH (MiKpOTel\111). Y Ha3BaHHX TB0pax TaKHMH HaibaraJlbHiWHMH MiKpOTeMaMH BHCTynalOTb "npOK JlbOH", "npoxaHHll LU0Cb 3po611T11" (HamswrnliHo y)l(1t1BaHHH pi3HOBHA, LU0 B KO)l(Hili oKpeMili CHTYau.i"i Ma€ CBiH BiATiHOK i CBiH nnaH BHpro!<eHHS!), "HeMO)l(Jllt!BiCTb LU0Cb B,D.illTH, 3ano)].illTH, 3BepWHTH", "yMOBJlllHHll-npoxaHHll AillTH llKHM0Cb l.flt!HOM", "3aneBHeHHSI B l.fOMYCb"' "no6a)l(aHHll l.f0rOCb KOMYCb"' "3aKJ11t1K .no llKHX0Cb Aili"' "cxBaJleHHll l.fltle°iCb noBe)].iHKH" T0LU0. KO)l(Ha AyMa MiCTHTb CBO"i nepiOAH 3j CB0°iMH MiKpOTeMaMH.

HanpHKJlaA, H3)].38Hl.faHHO 1..(iKaBHM i op11riHaJJbHHM Bltl518Jlll€TbCll nepiOA i3 3araJ1bH0IO ceMaHTHK0IO, LU0 ff MO)l(Ha K0p0TK0 BH3Hal.fHTH llK "HiKOJlH":

GpaTiK)', - Ka,Ke, - MHJJHH 51K rony60HbKO CH3HH!

He Tenep li Ha Horax cTana

Oli. CTapHX JJIOD.eH npHnoaicTi TaKO"i He 'lyBaJJa, W.06 o TieTpi 6HcTpH"i piKH-03epa 3aMep3aJJH, UJ.06 o Pi3D.Bi KaJJHHa B 11y3i npouBiTana, W.06 )KQBTHH niCOK Ha 6inoMy KaMeHi 3iXOlJ.,KaB, W.06 CHHiM UBiTOM npouaiTaTH

XpemaTHM 6apBiHKOM 6ineHbKHH KaMiHb ycTHJJaTH, Pa3HHMH KpaCHHMH UBiTaMH yKpawaTH,

A m1w, 6paTiK)', Te6e li.O aiKy cnon.iaarn!

(YHA

1972: 330)

O1..feBHD.HO, LU0 TyT 3Hal.feHHll "Te, LU0 Hi Komi He 3AiHCHHTbCll" no)].aH0 y AOCHTb op11riHaJlbHOMY 3MiCTOBOMY ocpopMJleHHi: 3 A0n0M0ro!O BBe)].eHHll Ka3KOBHX, cpaHTaCTHl.fHHX peanili, S!Ki o6pa3HO-KOHKpeTHO i A0 TOro )I( - HeTpa,D.Hl.(iHHO­ CHMBOJlil.fHO, WJlllXOM 3aCTocysaHHll anoriYHOro M0MeHT)' B onosi Ai (npllMiH MOBi nepcotta)l(a), 3aCBiAYYIOTb 80.[l.H0l.faC i noriKy noBiAOMJllOBaHoro I BJlaCHe eMol.(iHHHH (AyweBHHH) cTaH repoll.

Ile

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lll0 060B, .s!3KOB0 cynp0B0)l)l()'CTbC.s! HeO)lMiHHHM aTp116yTOM - iHTOHauit10

rpa)laui'i, .s!Ka H Bi)lTiHIO€ Hanpyry HeraTHBH0ro nnaHy) )l03B0fl.s!€ nepe)laTH BHY­

Tpiurnii1 CTaH, c1rny eMOUiHHHX nepe)l(JiBaHb, lll0 BHHHKnH BHacni)lOK neBHHX

couianbHHX YM0B )l(l1TT.s! (Jlope4HO HaronocHTJ,f Ha TOMY, lll0 )lfl.s! yKpa'iHU.s!

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waHye pO)lHHHi CTOCYHKH), )l0TI0Marae BHpa:rno, fOCTp0 ni)lKpecnHTJ,f secb

JlpaMaTH3M, 6inbwe rnro-Tpari3M c11Tyaui'i, s .siKy noTpanHJrn i s .siKiH (Ha UbOMY

oco6n11so HaronowyCTbc.si) nepe6ysaTHMYTb repo'i OJlBi'-IHO. _nim noeTH'-!Horo

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p

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p

a CHMBOni3ye WBH)lK0n­

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HBHHH Bi)lTiHOK CTpa)l()laHH.s!, a TaK0)I( n106osi, Tenna, .n.o6po- TH,

cnisnepe)l(HBaHH.si BH0C.sITb 3MeHweHo-necrnHsi cycpiKCH, mo Ha.sisHi y cnosax

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o4eimamu, a TaK0)I( aHacpopH4HHH nosTop

cnony'-IHHKa UJ06. TTi.n.HeCeHiCTb, yp04HCTiCTb, naTeTHKY BHCnosneHoro

ni.n.Kpecn10e JJ.YM0BHH oKa3ioHani3M 1ixoo:J1Ca6.

Y npHnymeHHi rnro, mo6 o fleTpi (12 nHnH.si)-3aMep3anH BO)lOHMH, a B3HMKY

(Ha Pi3)lso) - KanHHa s ny3i npousiTana Ta mo6 nicoK Ha KaMeHi 3ixo)l)l(as i

npousiTas, - CKna)lHiCTb i snnHsosa cHna BHcnosneHoro, mo no.siCHIOCTbc.si He

TiflbKH HepeanbHiCTIO, HeMO)l(flHBiCTIO nponoH0BaHoro, a i THM, lllO ui

HaHMeHyBaHH.s! MiCT.sITb '-lacosi xapaKTepHCTHKH, B .s!KHX, OKpiM YCb0ro,

Ha)l3BH-4aHHO CTHCn0 i MiCTKO 3aKO)lOBaHHH UHKni'-IHHH nepio)l HauioHanbHOro

Stylistyka XII

)l(l,łTIE:icHyBaHHH 3 ypaxysaHHHM MOMeHTiB rocno,ll.apCbKOfO Ta, Hai16inbllle, -AYXOBHoro 3Ha'-!eHHH: O TieTpi - TaK B Ha po.n.i Ha3HBalOTb CBHO Ha '-!eCTb CBHTHX anocToniB TTeTpa i Tiasna ( 12 JIHTTHH), HKHM 3HaMeHyE:TbCH 3aKiH'-leHHH Bi,ll.nosi.n.Horo nocry; l.(eH .[l.eHb, w.o w.e noB'H3aHHH 3 niTHiM COHl.(eCTOHHHHM, B

YKpa·iHi CBHKyBanH oco6nHBO YPO'-IHCTO (CKypaTiBCbKHH

1993: 89-91 ),

s

6araTbOX MiCI.J.}1X 6yn11 xpaMOBi CBHTa, TOMY 3ra.n.Ka npo l.(eH '-!aC i no.n.ii", noB'H3aHi 3 HHM, BHKnHKalOTb HaJJ.3B11'-laHHO Tenni i 3BOpywnHBi cnora.n.11. Pi3.[I.BO )K- 0.[I.He 3 Hai16iJlbillHX xpHCTHHHCbKHX CBHT 3HMOBOfO l.(HKnY, 3aKiH'-leHHH TI11n11niBCbKOfO nocTy, HKe TaKO)K Bi,ll.3Ha'-IMH ,ll.OCHTb ypo'-!HCTO (BnaCHe, l.(e HH3Ka CBH). O6pa3 KMHHH CHMBOJI 6aTbKiBW.HHH, J11060Bi .n.o pi,ll.Ho·i 3eMni, YKpa"iHH B3arani -3aB)K,ll.H TT03Ha'-!eHHH eMOUiHMH TT03HTHBHOrO 3MiCTY i C 3HaKOM Hal.(iOHMb­ HO-MOBHO.i KYJ1bTyp11.

IHw11i1 npmrna.n. o6paMneHoro nepio.uy: TH)KKO, - Ka)Ke, - 6paTiey!..

51.K nrnui nepHaTiH s •mcTiM noni 6e3 .upesa H0'lyBaT11, 51.K TH)l(KO Ta Ba)l(KO )1(11BiH p116i 6e3 B0,ll.11 np0)1(11Barn,

51.K TH)l(KO Ta Ba)l(K0 6in11i1 KaMiHb 3 c11poY 3eMni nporn ce6e i3HHTl1, -Oi1 TaK TH)KK0 Ta Ba)KK0 Ha 'ly)KiH 'IY)Kl1Hi 6e3 KpeBHO"i p0.U11Hl1 noM11parn!

(YH,l.l. I 972: 331)

Mac 3aranbHY ceMaHTHKY "cTpa)K,ll.aHHH". Kn!O'IOBHMH CJIOBaMH uic"i CTpy1--7YpH BHcrynalOTb CHHOHiMi'-IHi CJIOBa KaTeropii" CTaHy 111R:J/CKO Ta 6a:JJCKO, 3 ,ll.OTTOMOfOIO 51KHX He JIHille nepe,ll.aCTbCH BHyTpiwHiH CTaH nipH'IHOro repoH, a H 6inbllle Toro, HaBKOJIO HKHX 3.[l.iHCHIOCTbCH rpynyBaHHH ycix iHlllHX KOMTTOHeHTiB nepio,ll.y. KoHuenryani3auiH 3a3Ha'-leHHX neKCH'-!HHX 0,ll.11HHUb Ha TT03Ha'leHHH CTaHY oco611 (B ,!J,yMax B3arani, B uiii KOHCTpyKl.(i"i - 30KpeMa) He BHna,!J,KOBa i He c11ryaTHBHa: BOHa ni,!J,nOpH,!l,KOBaHa He BnacHe KOMTT03Hl.(i"i TBopy, a € Bi.[l.o6pa)KeHHHM eTHO­ nc11xonorii" yKpai"m.1.is, a,ll.)Ke, HK ,!J,Osena A

.Be)K6Hl.(bKa, "HaHBHHH AOCHTb TiCHHH 3B'5130K Mi)K )KHTIHM cycninbCTBa i neKCHKOIO MOBH, HKOIO BOHO rosopHTb. Li,e O,ll.HaKOBO Bi.[I.HOCHTbCH i .[I.O 30BHilllHbOi" i ,!J,O BHyTpiWHbo"i· CT0pOHH )KHTIH" (Be)K611uKaH

200 I: 14 ).

CaMe neKceMH mR:JICKO ma ea:;1cKo "MO)KYTh aHa­ ni3ysaTHCH 51K l.(eHTpanbHi TO'IKH, HaBKOJI0 HKHX opraHi30BaHi l.(ini ccpep11 KYJ1b­ ryp11" (Be)K6Hl.(KM

200 I: 3 7).

3 ,ll.OTT0M0rolO )K '-!Oro M0)l(Ha p03K0,!J,yBaTH i nOHCHHTH ,!J,OMiHyBaHHH 3a3Ha'-!eH­ HX KOHl.(enTiB mRJJCKO i eaJJCKO y col.(ioKynhrypHOMY cepe,1J,0B11w,i yKpa- ·iHl.(iB? Tieprne, l.(e 3 ,!J,0TT0M0rolO icTOpH'IHHX 'IHHHHKiB, T06To o6yMOBHTH KOHKpeTHHMH icTOpH'-IHHMH no,!J,iHMH, w.o ccpopMysan11 yKpa"iHCbKY TTCHXiKy, 3-TTOMi)K HKHX BHpi3HHIOTb '-IHHHHK "cninbHOCTi icTOpH'-IHO.i ,!l,OJli", HKHH BH3Ha'-!eHHH

llepioo (J yKpai"HCbKUX HapOOHUX oyMaX . . .

TETJłHA 6EUEHKO

reononinl'-IHHM noJIO)l(eHHJłM Kpa"iHH. 'TeononiTwrna "Me)l(OBicTh" YKpai"HH Ha nepexpecTi icTOpW-!HHX llIJI5IXiB BHpa)l(aJiaC51 nc11xonori'łHO ynpo- ,[I.OB)!( BiKiB )1(11TT€B010 c11ryauie10 yKpa"iHCbK0°i JllO,[J.HHH 51K • . . nocTiHHe, HeBi.LU.J.iJibHe Bi,[!. JllO,[J.CbKOro icttyBaHH51 nepe6yBaHH51 JllO,[J.HHH Ha "Me)l(aX MO)l(JIHBOCTeH icHyBaH­ H51", Ha Me)l(aX "6opOTb6H, BHna,[J.KOBOCTH, npoBHHH, CTpa- )l(,[J.aHH51, 3arpo3H cMeprn" (Em1uKJ1oneoiR

1995: 713).

OT)l(e, 3a3Ha'łeHe BHCTynano npH'łHHOIO T51)1(KOro icHyBaHH51 yKpa"iHUiB SIK y nnatti cpi3H'łHOMY, TaK i ITCHXilfHOMy. kTOpHlfHa AiHcHiCTb BnJ111Bana Ha yKpa°iHChKY J110AHHY i1 'łepe3 icmopu'IHY C8iOOMiCmb cniJ1hH0°i iCTOpHlfHO°i0 ,[J.OJii, 51Ka "3aB,[J.51KH p03ITO- BClO,[J.)l(eHHlO K03aUb­ KO"i AYMH - HiKOJlH He Bracana, i TOMY ,[J.OMiHattTa nopa3KH H ,[!.apeMHOro, XOlf iHKOJIH Ay)l(e 6JlH3bKOro ,[I.O MeTH 3YCHJ1J151, ... Morna iHOAi Ha,[J.aBaTH Hawii1 HaUiOHaJlbHiH nc11xiui ,[J.e51KOro 3a6apBJleHH51 cparnniCTHlfHOro neCHMi3My'' (EH1,{UKflOneoifl

1995: 714 ).

TTo-Apyre - COUiOITCHXilfHHMH lfHHHH- KaMH: nepeBaro10 ceJ151HCbK0°i Mac11". CaMe CeJ151HCbKHH no6yT cnpH51B "36epe)l(eHHlO POAHHHHX i POAOBHX rpyn, npmneJIIOBaHH51 H no6paTHMCTBa, T06TO rnopeHHlO MaJIHX rpyn THny "iHCTHHKTHBHHX", nO'łYTTE:BHX "cniJlbHOT nepe)l(HBaHHSI" (EH1,{UKJIOneoiR. 1995: 715). Y UbOMY Hanp51Mi Ai51J1H 06CTaBHHH, lllO CBO°iM Tl1CKOM 3araH51JlH ")l(HTT51 B "ccpepy iHTHMHOCTH", B po,[!.HHY '111 rypT npH51TeJiiB" (Ewt{UKJIOneoiR.

1995: 715).

3BHlfaHHO, KOJlH JllO,[J.Htty n036aBJI51JlH BHacni,[J.OK 51KHXOCb )l(HTTE:BHX CHTyauii1 "ccpepH iHTHMHOCTi" (HaHnepwe po,[!.HHH), TO ue nopO,[!.)l(yBano T51)1(Ki TTCHXilfHi CTpa)l(,[J.aHH51. no-TpeTE:, rn116HHHO-ITCHXOJlO­ rilfHHMH lfHHHHKaMH, 51Ki BHJIHJ1HC51 B "KOMITJleKC KpHB,[!.H" Ta "cTpa)l(,[!.aHH51" (EHł,{UKJI011eoiR.

1995: 716-717)

TOUlO. lHllIHMH CJIOBaMH, B nc11xiui yKpa°iHU51 reHeTW-łHO 3aKJla,[J.eHO CTpa)l(,[l.aHH51 51K CKOH,[J.eHCOBaHHH KJ1y60K pi3HO- MaHiTHHX )KHTTE:BHX BHnpo6yBaHb, I.UO BHnaJIH Ha ,[J.OJIJO Haui"i B3arani i 3HaXO,[J.51Tb BHJłB y KOHKpeTHHX n npe,[!.CTaBHHKax. 3Bi,[J.CH CTalOTb 3po3yMiJ1HMH i BHHecetti B eniueHTp MOTHBH CTpa)l(,[J.aHHJł i nepe)l(HBaHH51 CKJla,[J.HHX AYWeBHHX MYK, lllO 51KHaHBHpa3Hiwe penpe3eHTYIOTb CJlOBa KaTeropi"i CTaHY Jrłfl:>ICKO ma (JQJICKO. 3a3Ha'łeHe ITOBHOlO Mipo10 niATBep,[J.)l(yE: Te, lllO "MOBa - i, 30KpeMa, "ii CJIOB­ HHKOBHH CKJla,[J. - 51BJI5110Tb co6010 Kpam1111 ,[J.0Ka3 peanhHOCTi "KYJibTyp11" B po3yMiHHi "ii 51K CHCTeMH "y51BJICHb" j "ycTaHOBOK", lllO nepe,[!.aCTbC51 icTopw-rno" (Be)K611uKa51

2001: 44).

ll.\OAO BJiacHe MOBHOro ocpopMJieHH51 3a3HalfeHoro BHI.Ue nepiOAY MO)l(Ha Bi,[J.3Ha'łHTH, Ili.O BiH no6yAOBaHHH llIJ151XOM HaHH3yBaHH51 CKJia,[J.HOITiAp51,[!.HHX OCTaBHHHHX nopiBH51JlbHHX pe'łeHb, 51Ki ITOKJlHKaHi p03KpHTH - B o6'€MHOCTi H 6araTOMaHiTHOCTi (mo BJiaCTHBO TiJihKH nepiO,[J.OBi), ,[I.O TOro )I( -y rpa,[!.aUiHHOMY HapocTaHHi, rn11611Hy TTCHXi'łHHX nepe)l(HBaHb. U,e ,[J.OC51raeTbC51 WJI51XOM

Stylistyka

XII

XYJJ.O)KHb006pa:rnoro oxonneHH.11 BCb0ro HaBK0JlHWHbOro npocTopy, .IIKHH

OTO'-IYE: Jll-OJJ,HHy: BOJJ,Horo, mł3eMHOro, nosiTp.s!HOro. TaKHM 4HHOM, WHpOTa

306pa)KeHH.sl JJ.OpiBHI-OE: w11p0Ti ycsiJJ,OMJleHH.11 i o6c.siry CTpa)KJJ,aHH.11 BiJJ.

nepe6ysaHH.si Ha 'ly;;1cu11i i no36asneHH.II npasa MaTH Kpee11y poiJu11y. OT)Ke, oKpiM

KOHU.enTa c111pa;;1coa1111R, u.ei1 nepion 3acBiJJ.'-IYE: i1 iHwi, - 30KpeMa MaKCHManhHO

aKTyani30BaHi B JJ.yMaX KOHU.enTH 'IY:JICUHQ i pOOUJIQ (pio11i), .s!Ki npeJJ,CTaBJl.111-0Tb

Ba)KflHBi yKpa'iHCbKi KaTeropi'i JJ:YMKH.

TaK, 'IYJICUJIQ JJ,Jl.si yKpa'iHU..11- u.e He TiJlhKH Ta Tep11Topi.si, lllO 3HaXOJJ,HTbC.sl n03a

Me)KaMH YKpa'iHH (6aThKiBlllHHH). Y.y)KHHOl-0 y.siBJl.llE:TbC.11 BCe, lllO BiJJ.JJ,in.siE: BiJJ.

poJJ.HHH: HecnpocTa CYM cpiKcye B)l(HBaHH.si 1.1,id neKceMH j3 3Ha'-leHH.IIM "36ipHe

3acrnpine '-ly:>Ki, HepiJJ.Hi n1-0JJ,11H11" (CYM 1980, T.Xl: 3 79), mo o6yMosneHo

HH3KOK> icTOpw-rn11x npH'-IHH, npo .siKi 3ranysanoc.si s11me. TyT )Ke

niJJ.Kpecn1-0-E:TbC.si 3Ha4eHH.sl Kpee11oi' poow,u. TToMiTHHM BH.IIBJl.llE:TbC.11 Te, lllO u.ei1 KOHu.enT

yKpa'iHu.i B113Ha'-lal-0Tb OJJ,HO'-laCHO Ha eK3HCTeHu.ii1HiH, eMou.ii1HiH, 6ionori'-IHiH Ta

npasosii1 ocHosax, i 3osciM He TaK, .siK poci.siHH, mo 3acsinY11na A. Be)K6HU.hKa:

KOHU.enT pio11i Jl.Jl.si OCTaHHix "B113Ha4aE:TbC.sl, y nepwy '-lepry, Ha eK3HCTeH1.1,ii1HiH j

eMou.ii1Hii1, a He Ha 6ionori'-!Hii1 a6o npasosii1 ocHosi. 3 U.boro norn.siny np11Hane­

)KHiCTh Jl.O OJJ,HOro JJ,OMaWHhOro Kona MO)Ke 6yTH Ba)KJlHBiWHM, HDK KpeBHa

cnopiJJ,HeHiCTb. P03yMiHH.sl )K yKpa'iHU..IIMH pOJJ.HHHOro KOJla MO)l(Ha nopiBH.IITH 3

o6pa30M rni3.D.a: "pi.D.Hi - u.e Ti n1-0n11, .siKi yTBopl-01-0Th 6ynese rHi3JJ.O". TaKe

rni3JJ.O .uae eK3HCTettu.ii1Hy i eMou.ii1Hy niJJ.TPHMKY, Tenno i ocHosy opirnrnu.i'i i

6nH3bKHX 3B'.113KiB He TiJlbKH B JJ.HTHHCTBi, ane i npoT.siroM ycboro )l(HTT.11"

(Be)K611u.Ka.si 200 l: 139).

YcsiJJ,OMJleHH.11 yKpa'iHLJ..siMH Ba)KJlHBOCTi po,UHHHHX 3B'.113KiB yHaO'-IHl-0€ BJlaCHe

cpaKT 'ix noeTH3au.i'i, mo i nepeBOJJ.HTh y nnom11Hy BHCOKoro, ni.uHeceHoro, ypo­

'-IHCToro.

ÓCHOBHOl-0 CTHJliCTH'-IHOl-0 cpyHKIJ,iE:1-0 nepiony, .IIKOMY "npHTaMaHHHH

now11peH11i1, CKJlaJJ,HHH, po3rany)l(eHHH cnoci6 opraHi3au.i'i i1 s11cnosneHH.si JJ.YM­

KH" (TToHOMapiB 2000: 228), BHCrynaE: BH.IIBJleHH.11 E:JJ,HOCTi B 6araTO MaHiTHOCTi,

lllO no'-!aCTH ycKna,UHI-OE:TbC.11 JJ,O,UaTKOBHMH eMou.i11HO-eKcnpec11BHHMH

BiJJ.TiHKaMH. TaK, y BHnaJJ,Ky:

5IK 6yAelll TH, 6paTe, 3a HaHMeHlllHM 6paTOM )KanKyBaTH,

To 6yey .si rna6mo 6ynaTtty 3 HO)l(Ha BHHMaTH

Ta 6yAy li TBOIO ronosy K03aUbKY MOJlOAeUbKY C rrni4 3.UiHMan1,

Ta TBO( Tino K03aUbKe MOJlO.UeUbKe ITTHUi-3BiplO Ha ITOTany ITOKH.Uan1,

A caM 6y.uy y ropo.ua xp11crn.siHCbKi np116ysarn,

)];o OTU.li, .UO MaTKH .llOl)K.ll)KaTH,

llepioo 6 yKpai'HCbKUX HapOOHUX oyMaX ...

TET51HA 6EL(EHKO To caM 6y.ny 3Harn,

51Kl1H OTUeBi i Maryci OTBiT OTJ(asarn"

(YHA 1972: 116)

nepio.n Ma€ 3HaYeHHR "norp03a 3ano.niRTH ć:MepTb". ITorp03a no36asHTH cepe)].Hb­ oro 6paTa )KHTrn, 51KLUO BiH )KaJIKysaTHMe 3a Ha11MeHWHM, TTO)].a€TbC51 He npocTO 51K BHCJlOBJ1l0BaHH51 (np.HMa MOBa), I.UO ocpopMJleHe CKJla)].HOIO CHHTaKCH4HOIO KOHCTpyKuielO. CaMe KOMTTOHeHTH uieY KOHCTpyKui'i BKa3ylOTb Ha TTOCJli)].OBHiCTb .ni11 6parn (6yoy wa6mo euii.Mamu, 201wey K03GZfbKY ... c 1111i'I 3iJiiiMamu, mi.110 K03GZfbKe ... Ha no111G11y noKuoamu, nomiM -y 2opooa xpucmuflHCbKi npu6yeamu, ?Jo 6ambKi6 oob,ci);-;1camu i Henpaeoueuii onwim oaeamu) KO)KHa 3 .HKHX, oKpiM Toro, I.UO BHCrynae neBHHM BHCXi)].HHM cryneHeM rpa.naui'i, TaK me 11 B11KJ111Ka€ Bi)].TTOBi)].He CTaBJleHH.H, 30KpeMa - ocy.n, 3HeBary l.U0)].0 3a)].yMiB CTapworo 6paTa i € CBi)].YeHH.HM OKpeMHX pHC repoR: )l(OpCTOKOCTi, 6e3cep)].e4HOCTi, 6a11)].y)l(OCTi, 3JlOCTi, o6MaHy. TaKHM 411HOM, 4epe3 .ni'i po3Kp11BaCTbC.H BHyTpiWH.H cyTHiCTb repo.H, I.UO 11 cpopMye Hawe CTaBJleHH.H )].O HbOro.

ITepio.n y .nyMax e )].OCHTb s.na11010 CTPYKTYPOIO )].Jl.H 3MaJ110BaHHR BHCOKHX noYyTTiB, a)].)l(e 3a CBO€IO np11pO)].OIO BiH "s11aCTl1BHl1 ni)].Hecetti11 MOBi" (KyJlHK

1961: 248). Yp0411CTiCTb, ni)].HeceHiCTb y CBOIO Yepry BH.HBJ1.H€TbC.H )].OTTOBHeHH.HM

)].O acpopHCTH4HOCTi, 51Ko·i Te)I( He n036aBJ1eHi )].YMOBi nepi0)].11, .HK y HH)K4e 3a3HaYeHoMy BHTTa)].KY (ue TaKO)K cnopi)].HIO€ 'ix j3 TBOpaMH KHl1)KHHM11):

Kornp11ił 40JlOBiK OTL(eBCbKY 11 M3T411HY MOJ111TBY WT11Tb, waHy€, nosa)l(a€, To OTUeBCbKa-MaT'll1Ha MOJll1TBa 30 .[(Ha MOPR Bl1HiMa€

I o.n se1111K11x rpixis o,nKyn11R€, }];o �apcTBill He6ecHoro nposo,n)l(af

(YHA 1972: 362)

)].e 30Cepe)].)KY€TbC.H TTOB4aHH.H )].i.HTH neBHHM 411HOM ( CBO€pi.ntta MOpaJlb, HaCTa­ HOBa), I.UO ,lJ.OC.Hra€TbC.H WJl.HXOM JleKCl14HO.i opraHi3aui'i (aKTyaJii3aUielO o.u HHHUb peniri11ttoro 3MicTy (eneMeHTiB uepKOBHOCJlOB'.HHCbKO'i (KHH)KHO'i) MOBH): MOJIUl116a, 2pixu, f..Iapcmeic He6ecHe, BBe,lJ.eHH.HM CeMaHTHKO-CTHJlicnfl-lHHX CHHOHiMiB tul11Ull1b, tuaHyc, l106G;J/CG€, 3arocTpeHHSIM ysar11 Ha TaKHX CBSITHX TTOHSITTSIX )].JlSI yKpa'iHUSI, SIK om4e6CbKUU i MamepuHCbKUU). Y uinoMy CTBO­ pl0€TbCSI Bp3)KeHHSI B114epnHOCTi npOMOBJleHoro i B0)].H04aC He6y.neHHOCTi, BeJll14HOCTi BHCJlOBJllOBaHo'i .UYMKH, a pa30M 3 THM - 3p03yMiJlOCTi i )].OCTYTTHOCTi, Bi)].TaK - TTOB4aJlbHOCTi.

EMoui11Ho-eKcnpec11stte 3a6apsnettttsi HH)K'łe ttase.nettoro nepio.ny BH3HaYeHe HaCaMnepe.n iforo ceMaHTHKOIO:

Stylistyka XII

Oi-i y CBHTY HellineHbKY

To paHo-nopaHeHbKO,

To He CHBa 303yn51 Kysana,

He D.po6tta nTHLUI we6ernna,

A He B 6opi C0CHa 3awyMina,

51K Ta 6illHa Bll.OBa

A B CBOCMY llOMOBi roMOHina

(YH,l], 1972: 372)

30KpeMa aJ<TYani30BaHHM 3Hat.JeHH51M 3BYKOBOro s11pa)l(eHH51-Bpa)KeHH51, .ue B eni­

ueHTpi - roMiH (po3MOBa), w.o Ha6ysae rocTp0TH 3Byt.JaHH51 caMe 3aB,U51Kl1

CTPYKTYPH0MY Ta iHTOHauiiłHoMy ocpopMneHHIO: 3 .uon0Moro10 iHTOHaui·i

HapocTaHH51-HarHiTaHH51 3BYK0Bl1X spa)l{eHb, cn0CTepe)l(eHHX y TBapHHHopoc­

JlHHH0MY CBiTi, i nopiBH51HH51 "ix 3 n!O,UCbK0IO M0B0IO, w.o no,naCTbC51 lllJ151X0M

HaHH3yBaHH51 cyp51,UHl1X 3anepet.JHHX Ta ni,np51.UHOfO nopiBH51JlbHOfO pet.JeHb.

fleKCHt.JHi )K K0Mn0HeHTH Ub0ro nepie.ny s11cryna10Tb 3MiCTOBl1Ml1 ueHTpa­

Ml1-06pa3aMH, HaBK0Jl0 51KHX i po3ropTaCTbC51 onosi,nb: TaK, WJ151X0M Ha311BaHH51 i

0,UHOt.JaCH0ro HamnysaHH51 y cpopMi 3anepet.JeHH51 THX peaniH, w.o He CU6Q 303Yllfl

K.Y60JlQ (UHM o.upa3y aKTHBi3YCTbC51 38' 5130K 3 )l(iHKOIO, 60 y !pOJlbKnOpi CU6Q 303YJIR

- CHMBOJlit.JHe no3Ha'-!eHH51 oco611 )l(iHO'-IOi" CTaTi - MaTepi 4H cecTp11), He Opo6Ha

nmul,ffl u1e6emQJia (nrnwKa - pa30M 3j cTanHM eniTeToM opo6Ha TaK0)K y

!pOJlbKnOpi, i He TiJlbKH B yKpa'iHCbKOMY, a i B3arani - CJlOB' 51HCbK0MY Cl1MBOJ1i3yc

)l(iHKy), He 6 6opi COCHQ 30UlYMUIQ (<pOJlbKnOpHHH o6pa3 C0CHH Te)I( Mae )l{iHO'-!e

Ha'-!ano i, OKpiM Toro, CHMBOni3ye Tyry, cyM) ,U0C51faCTbC51 MaKCHMaJlbHe

3ryw.eHH51 E:.UHH0ro B CBO°iH 6araTOMaHiTHOCTi o6pa3y CTpa)l{,UeHHO'i )l(iHKH

-6i.nHoi· s.uosw. Po3s' 513Ka )K Hac

ry

nae y KittuesoMy p51.UKY, 51KHH cpiKcyc y

nopiBH51HHi BHCH0B0K. OT)l{e, B OCHOBi nepio.uy - o6pa311 j3 3BYK0Bl1M

spa:>KeHH51M, 51Ki cnp51MOBaHi Ha 811Hl1KHeHHIO 3BYK0Bl1X acouiauiił. Tiop51.U 3 H11Ml1

- 30posi: CU6Q, opo6Ha (Konip i p03Mip ). Te, w.o B CTpyKrypi 3a,Ui51Hi npe.nMeTH 3i

csi

ry

np11po,nH, CBi.Ut.JHTb npo si.uroMiH aHiMiCTl1'-!Hl1X Y51BJleHb Haw11x npe,nKiB,

51KHH nni,nHO si.u611THH B paHHb0MY cponbKnOpi i 3HaHWOB si.nroMiH y .uyMax.

<l>opMyn11 3anepet.JeHH51, Ha51BHi B Ub0MY MiHi-TeKCTi,

e

TaK0)I( eneMeHT0M

ttapo.nttonoeTHt.JHHM. Y uinoMy )I( nepie.u K0H,nettcye not.JyTT51 6on10, rym i

cnp51MOBaHHH Ha Te, mo6 811Knl1KaTH eMoui'i cniBt.JYTT51, cnisnepe)KHBaHH51 T0lU0.

3,naTHiCTIO KOHCTPYKUiH nepio,UH'-!H0

°

i M0BH CTB0p!OBaTH eMOUiHHO-HaCHt.JeHi

KapTHHH nc11xonorit.JHOro 3MiCTy 3YM0BJleHo BHK0pHCTaHH51M "ix 3 MeT0IO

3acsi,nt.JHTH s11m11ił c

ry

niHb Hanpyrn HeraTHBHoro nnatty. Hanpot.Jy.U s11pa3H0 ue

cpiKcye nepio.n j3 ceMaHTHK0IO "npOKnbOH":

llepioo e yKpaiHCbKUX HapoOHUX oyMaX ...

CTana Mani nnaKan1-pH.11.an1,

Csoro CHHa Msacll npoKJ1HHan1:

"I.l.lo6 }Ke TH Ha .11.opo3i PYKY, Hory 3JlaMaB,

I.l.lo6 }Ke TH Ha BOHHY He CTaB,

I.l.lo6 }Ke TH Ha .11.op03i 3.11.0pos'.ll 36yscl!,

I.l.lo6 }Ke TH Ha3a.ll. BepHyBCll,

I.l.lo6 }Ke Te6e Kynll nepwa He MHttyna

-ITpH HemacTmo JlHXall romrna o6ropttyna!"

(YH,[{ 1972: 255)

TETRHA 6El..(EHKO

Ha npm<Jla)].i l!KO"i llCKpaso npo,ll.eM0HCTp0BaH0 norettuiHHY M0)KJ]HBICTh UHX

CTPYKTYP JJ.H<pepeHui10sar11 i B0JJ.H0'-IaC K0HUeHrpysar11 cneKTp pi3HOMaHiTHHX

ITO'łyTTiB, mo p03K0)],0BYIOTbC.ll Ha ni)],CBi)],OMOMY - reHeTH'łH0MY piBHi.

TaK, HaBeJJ.eHHH npmurn)]. npoKJ1b0HY no3Ha'łeHHH oco6n11so 3arocrpeH11M11

eMOUi.llMH p03'łapysaHH51 noBe)],iHKOIO CHHa, 51KHH niwos )],O BiHCbKa 6e3 MaTe­

pHHCbK0ro 6narocnosiHH51, JJ.yWeBHHM 6oJieM, CTpa)l(J.(aHH51M i MyKaMH MaTepi,

mo s6oniBa€ 33 )].0JIIO €)].HHO"t

0

_{)].HTHHH. OKpiM Toro, uei1 np0KJlb0H - CBO€piJJ.Ha}

He3ro)],a-Bi)],'łatt 3 THMH yrv10saMH )l(J1TT51, mo CKJiaJIHC51 icropH'łHO B YKpa"iHi:

nocrittHHH 3aXHCT pi)].HOi" 3eMJii Bi)], Hana)].Hl,f\(iB, nOBC51K'łaCHi BTparn i CMepTb

6JIH3hKHX Ta piJJ.HHX JIIO)],ett, 0)].Bi'łHi CJlb03H y 3B'513KY 3 onnaKyBaHH.llM 'łl1€1Cb

cMepri.

Y rpaJJ.yi1osaHHx npoKJ151TT51X, mo "t"x noc11na€ Mar11, noMiTHa nori'łHa Hecy­

MicHiCTb: u106 :JJCe mu Ha eiimy He cmae, u106 :)!Ce mu Hmao eepHyecR rn iH. i

B0)],H0'łac: 11.{06 ;)!Ce me6e KYllR nepuw He MUH_ylla -llpu Heu1acmwo llUXQJl 20ou1-ta

0620p1-tylla, 51KY M0)l(Ha IT051CHHTl1 acpeKTHBHHM CTaH0M nipH'łHOro repo51.

Ilonp11 sce y JJ.aHoMy yp11BKY npocniJJ.KOBY€MO i1 iHWHH 3Micr - rn11611HHHH,

cnpHHH51THHH i 3po3yMiJIHH 51KHattninwe Ha reHeTH'łH0 ycna)],K0BaHoMy pisHi: sci

npoKJI51TT51 (To6TO HarpoMa)],)l(eHi eMouii" HeraTHBHoro nnaHy, ys11pa3HeHi

al\mJii<piKaui€IO) ni)].nOp51,ll.KOBaHi 0)].H0MY - nparneHHIO 36epeITH )l(HTT51 CHHOBi.

Marep11HCbKa n106os, xo'ł i He 3acsi.u'łeHa np51M0, npore ff BH.llB y6a'ła€MO caMe y

UHX HeraTHBHHX eMOUi51X.

CTHJlhOBa cpopMa JJ.YM, mo Ha)],3BH'łaHHO aKTHBH0 6yJJ.y€TbC51 Ha OCHOBi

nepiO)].H'łHOi" M0BH, o6yMOBJieHa 06' €KTHBHHMl1 'łHHHHKaMH i nos' 513aHa 3 Tpa,ll.H­

Ui51MH CTapo)],aBHiX noernK i pHT0pHK, 51Ki 3HaHWJil1 Bi)].ryK TaK0)I( B nireparypi

K11i"BChKOi" Pyci i npo)],0B)l(HJIHCll s no,ll.anbwii1 KHH)l(Hitt TpaJJ.11ui"i B HayKos11x i

JiiTepaTypHHX TB0pax y'łeHHX, a TaK0)I( B opaTopCbK0MY, BHKJia)].aUbK0MY

MHCTeuTBi npocpecopis K11rno-Mornn51HcbKOi" aKa)],eMii"romo. KoHKpeTHi 3pa3KH

3acTOcysaHH51 nepiOJJ.H'łHOro M0BJieHH51 B nireparypHiH rnop'łocri YKpa·iHH (XV I I

Stylistyka XII

CT.) MiCT.HTh niTon11c11 rpa651HKl1, CaMOB11.11_1..u1, CaMii:ina Ben111-1Ka. CKa- )KiMo, y'łeHi BBa)KalOTb, LUO "o6po6Ka cppa311 i 3'€,11,HaHH51 q>pa30BHX O,D.HHHUb y nepio,11,11 B CaMittna Ben11YKa Mae B11pa3HHH niTeparypHO-MHCTeUhKHH x apaKTep" (CY JlM

1973: 395).

HanpHKna,11,: W.06 CB51Ta Cocpi51, KaTe,11,pamHa L\epKBa, 51K H iHwi BC i

uepKBH H MOHacn1pi, LUO 6y,nyTh y K11rni Ta B iHWHX MiCU5!X, 3ri,11,HO CTapO)KHTHHX npaB, Jll1WMHC5ł B ycix CB0°iX, KO)KHiH uepKBi H MOHaCT11p10 Hane)KHl1X, ,11,06pax i rpyHTax 6e3 )KQ,11,HOro nopyweHH5ł i HiXTO wo6 "ix He 3a611paB- ue CTOCYCTbC5ł ycix MOHacrnpiB i OO)KHX uepKOB (BenH'łKO, T.

2: 117)

Ta iH.

51KOIO )K Mipo!O ue Ma€ Bi,11,HOWeHH5ł ,11,0 ,11,yMOBl1X nepio,11,iB?

Y4eHi BHCJlOBnlOIOTb MipKyBaHH5ł, 3ri,11,HO 3 51Kl1MH .D.YMH (3 'łHM He MO)KHa He noro,nHTl1C51) <piKCYIOTb BO'łeBH,11,b KHH)KHY 6y,11,0By MOBH ()l(HTeUKHH

1893: 2),

npeACTaBn51IO'łH op11riHaJ1hHHH nni,11, Hapo,nHo-K ynhTypHo·i rnop'-IOCTi" ()l(HTeUKHH

1893: 2).

U,10 ,nyMKY no,11,iJ151€ i C. 8q>peMOB, BBa)KalO'-IH, wo "3apo­ ,1J,HJ1HC5ł ,11,yM11 6e3nepe'łHO Ha KYJlhTYPHOMY rpyHTi. TBopU51MH "ix 6yn11 Ti iHTenireHTHi i HaniBiHTenireHTHi Jl!0,11,11, LUO CT051Jll1 6nH3bKO ,11,0 no,11,ii:1,

ane

qepe3 Te, LUO no,11,i"i 3aHMMH iHTepecH WHpOKHX Kin nocninhCTBa, ,11,yMH CTaBanH "ixHhOIO i,11,eonorie10, np11wenn10BaJ1HC5ł B Hapo,11,i i TpaTHJlH cni,11,11 cBoro iH,11,HBi,11,yanhHOro noxo.n)KeHH51, Ha6yBalO'łH HaTOMiCTb pHC KOJleKTHBH0°i TBOp'łOCTi" (8cppeMOB

1995: 255).

M.I. Map'łeHKO npHnycKaE:, LUO "aBTOpaMH j nepwHMH BHKOHaBU51Ml1 ,11,yM BHCT)'nan11 caMi y'-laCHHKH BiHCbKOBHX noxo,11,iB Ta iHWl1X repo°i'łHHX no.n.ii:-! i nOABHriB. Cepe,11, TBopuiB JWM MOrJlH 6yTH OCBi'łeHi oco6H, TaJlaHOBHTi noeTH"

(Map'łeHKO

1961: 191 ),

MO)KJlHBO, "BHXOBaHui 6paTCbKHX W Kin rn iHWHX

ocBirnix 3aKJ1a,11,iB YKpa·iHH

XVII

CT." (Map'łeHKO

1961: 191 ).

n.

)1(11TeUbKHH, M. Map'łeHKO, C. 8q>peMOB 0,11,HOCTaHHi B 0,11,HOMY, 3 'łHM He MO)KHa He nor0,11,11Tl1C51, LUO Ha ,nyMaX no3Ha'łHBC5ł 3Ha'łHl1H BnJlHB TOro'łaCH0°i BipwoBaHo°i" noe3i"i, a 3Ha'łl1Tb - KYJlhTYPHO-OCBiTH11UbKO°i ,11,i51JlbHOCTi Tl1X 'łaCiB, B TOMY 'łHCJli H niTOnHCHO°i MOBH. 3Bi,11,c11 - H T51)KiHH5ł (a TaKO)K i BnpaBHiCTb) rnopuiB ,11,yM ,11,0 BHKop11crnHH5ł nepio,11,11'łH11x KOHCTpyKuii:\. ITop., Hanp11Kna,n, noeTH'łHY TBOp'łiCTh MeneTi51 CMoTpHUhKOro, Kaci51Ha CaKoB11'ła, Jla3apa oapa­ HOBH'ła, 0.oy'łHHCbKOro-JICKOJlb,11,a, !BaHa 8eJlH'-IKOBCbKOfO Ta iH.

ITpoaHaJli30BaHe BHLUe ,11,03BOJ151€ cTBep,11,)KyBaTH, LUO nepio,11, - 51K 03HaKa KHH)KHO"i MOBH - opraHi'łHO Bxo,11,11Th y CTPYKTYPY .nyMoB11x TeKCTiB. U,e B cB010 '-lepry CBi,n'łHTb Ha KOp11CTb 38' 513KY ,11,yM 3 KHH)KHHMH ,11,)KepenaMH i B11518Jl51€ BnJlHB OCTaHHix Ha "ix TBOpeHHH.

0KpiM Toro, nepi0,11,H'łHa MOBa B ,11,yMaX - cpaKTop He TiJlhKH CTl1JlbOBHH, a H BO.D.HO'łac cT11nicT11'łHHH. CT11nicTH'łHa sara KOHCTPYKUiH 3 nepio,11,oM

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Stylistyka XII

KCYJIM, 1951, Kypc cy'lacHoi' yKpaiHCbKOi' RimepamypHoi' MOBU. T. II. C1rnrnKc11c (3a

pea. A.A. EynaxoscbKoro), K111s.

Map4eHKO M.I., 1961, IcmopiR yKpai'HCbKOi' KYJ/bmypu (3 Haiioaefliwux 'Iacie oo

cepeow1u XVI/ cm.), K11"is.

TToHOMapis O., 2000, CnnmicmuKa cy'laCHOi'

y

KpaiHCbKOi' ,woeu, K11"is.

P11nbCbKHH M., 1987, Teopu e 20 moMax, T. 16, K111s.

P

y

MblHCKue ,iapoOHb1e necHtt u cKa3KU, 1953, MocKsa.

CHTI, 1955, Cep6cbKa HapooHa noe3iR, K11"is.

CrypaTiBCbKHH B., 1993, MicJ11JeJ1iK. YKpai'flCbKmt HapoOHlllt KGJ/eHoap, K11i·s.

CJ1a6J1HCKuii cjJoJ1bKJ10p. TeKCThI, 1987, cocT. H.H.Kpasuos, A.B. Kynanrna, MocKsa.

CYJJM, 1972, Cy'lacHa

y

Kpai'HCbKG J1imepamypHa Moea, (3a 3ar. pea. 1.K. 6inoaiaa),

K111B.

CYJJM, 1973, C

y

'lacHa

y

KpaiHCbKa RimepamypHa Moea. CmimicmuKa, (3a Jar. pea. I.K.

Einoaiaa), K111s.

CYM, 1980, CJ106HUK yKpai'HCbKOi' ,woeu, T. XI, K111s.

YHA, 1972, YKpauHCKUe HGpOOflble oy,Wbl, MoCKBa.

The Period in the Ukrainian National Dumas: Structural-Semantic Fealu­

res and Poetic Functions.

Article is devoted to consideration of structural features, semantics and poetic func­

tions of designs with the period in the Ukrainian national dumas. The results received du­

ring supervision testify to communication of dumas with book monuments of writing of

Ukrainian people.