The influence of nutrient availability on the ecosystem behaviour of Lake Grevelingen: Report on investigations

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T t b t l l . I Simmory of w a t « r t n a l l t y - , b l o l o » l e » l - , <o*d and p h y i l c a l d*«» of Iha D a l f t Hydraullc Uboratory DATABASE en bohalf af scory*1»«t « o d i l l l n i af th> I t t i * GREVEL1NGEN.

MHPU1HC ÏAMPLINC ÏTAT10N • ) SAHPI.. LAP. CODE •><) FREIIAME YEflR Global r i i t l t U o n (n Joul»/c»2 (»»*lc»otaU>

WliidualocHy (n a/5 , <<f*/ - «van) Ulndvitocl ty In • / > ( m i * - M*an> Temper**1"'» In d t i r g a i C>letu* Acldlty in PH - unit* C h l o r l d l In »a C l / l f a t i n l t y In p r o n i u » Oxy?*n In mi/1 OK/9<rn in % af thu t a t u r a t l o n v t l i » Aimionlu*-nltro»»n In «m M/l H l t r * f e - n l ( r a » ( m In m H/l Hl l r l t » - n H r o q » n In *« N/l T o t « l - n l t r o ï » n In mi N/t Total-nltroitn «fter f i l t r i t l o n in mi N/l Dluo(v»d J l t l c j t » In «f S l / l Ortho-Phonphil» In «4 P/l

Tolél Phc«i"h*t» aft*r ftltratl.on In «« p/t ToUl F-hcupnii» In M I P/l

DUJOlvod Calciua In «1 Ca/t Difrolvvd H<innilgi In «f M«J/l Total Iran In •« P*/l

Total i r o n ( I I ) In «w F K 1 D / I Total H*n«*ncr> In «9 Nn/t J*dl»«nt In «9/1

Dlifolvvd ar«énlc Carbon •>« C/l P i r t l c u U r Dr^dinle Carbon,In •« C/t

P»r1lcuUr ar9*nlc CJrbon In *« C / 164 l O 43 o) Chlarapnyl** in ug/1

Phy<opl*nliton v« C/t

PhytoplinHon prorfact Ion in m C/»2/d*y Buttati PQC In 1'2 CM f*iftM«nt l*y»r in w« C/e*3 Bntto» POC In 2-J CM i*dl««nt litrvr fn'«4 C/c«3 Botton plg«»ntï In 1-2 e* l*y*r, Irt ut/CMl üottont plamtntf In 2-5 en laycr In U«/GM3 AMMonlaM-nltroaan In bf M / nonth Hl«r*t» * N l l r l i » In »» (i / month Tot*l-HMroT«n In l i » / Monih | Órtno-Ptnnplm» |n k« P / nonth | Tot*l-Phi>«f>h4i* In hi P/ «onih Dljmgtvtd f l l l c i t * In h<j J( / «anth I I HmttJuIJk / noitvaorn* | 7ltrlk7Bff / Hell*vop1fNI* : I l c r l l d n » / ile(i»vo»tiluU GM Gtï CB4 GD7 Gl C2 G3 C11 f 11 EI'4 CB3 OBA GB7 Gl G3 G3 GI1 PH GD4 GSS GBi SD7 Gl G2 G3 GM'PM 1 OtA GSS GBA GS7 Cl G2 G3 G[i4 0B5 CS6 CB7 G< G2 G3 G i t P i l CP4 GB3 GB« r.B7 Gl G3 G3 G i l P i t Gtr4 CBS CB« EI>7 Gt G2 G3 5 ( 1 P11 I r,£M CBS CtlA GB7 Gl 02 G3 Cl 1 P t 1 GB4 G«S r,B4 r,I)7 Gl G2 G3 G i t P M GB4 CBS 5BA CS7 Gl G3 G3 Gt>4 GBS GB4 GBT Gl G2 G3 GÏM GP5 GB« GB7 61 C3 G3 G i l P f i GB4 GBS HI'4 GBT Gt G3 G3 G i l Pt 1 GB4 GBS CB4 GB7 Ct 0 2 Q3 511 P i l CB-t GBÏ GP4 GB7 G1 0 3 G3 S M P i l GS4 GBS C E * 0B7 Cl G2 G3 GD4 GBS GBA CB7 Gl G2 G3 GB4 GBS CE4 GB7 Gl G2 G3 6B4 G » G84 GB7 Gt G2 G3 GB4 GBS GB4 GB7 Gl GS G3 G i t P i t GB4 GBS GBi GUT Gl G2 C3 GB4 GB5 GB4 GB7 Gt G2 53 C M P f i G t l P i t GM P M G M P M G i l 'ARCH HERK1 MfR«2 fPS G?

ARCH HERKt KERK2 SPÏ G? 1 ARCH HEKK1 HERK2 JP3 59 H * « r 1 ARCH HEftK1-HERK2.$P5 C» • « • » ( • • ••MO J(t» >f«O | r e * IHVHO | j e o m w o , 1 m » «»tio 1 1 KNMI 1 KNHI 1 KMMl DDHI/PIHO 1 D1>HI/DIHU 1 DDM1/HH0 DPMI DPHI/DIHO D0MI/DIHO DDMI/DIHfl 1 DDHT/DrHn ( DDMI/D1HD DDHI DDHI D D M I / D I I I Q D D H I / D I H O PDHt DBHI/D1HO DDHI ODMt DDHI i DDM1 DDHI D1HO DDHI D A H t / D I H D D l 110 DIHD DIHD niHO VIIIO I>1HCI D1H0 btNO DDHI DDHI P D H I DDHI DDHI | DDHI 1 RAD I U I N D 1 U I N D I THP PH CL 1 CLJ 02 P02 ! HH4 1 NOS 1 N 0 2 1 TN 1 TNF 1 SI OP TPF TP CA MG Fe TE3 HH .TCD DOC PDC r-ucz CHLF FÏTOC TP r-ocy POCD CMUFJ CHLFD TN TN TN 1 OP ; TH | SI 1 1 SI RA*. 1 WINOw i WIMDvy locïyy lorVyy loervy loeïyy loeYyy locVyy 1 loeYyy loeïyy loefyy locVyy loeYyy loeYyy ' loeYyy loeYyy loeYyy locYyy loeYyy loeYyy toeYyy tooYyy lotïyy toeYyy loeYyy toeYyy loeYyy loeYyy fpyy MrPOrlDyy WMlKry MFPWnyy HISIMEyy GPITLyv GPELyy GEilTLyy GBELyy | GBELyy 1 7 1 - 8 0 1 1 7 t - 8 O | i 7 1 - e o i 1 7 2 - 3 9 1 t 7 1 - 8 0 1 I 73-oe t ! 72-80 | 1 71-00 1 7 3 - 8 9 ! | 1 72-30 | 1 72-80 1 1 72-00 1 1 73-89 1 ! 71-80 | 1 ,72-80 1 1 72-80 1 72-80 1 1 72-80 | 73-89 | t 73-86 J 72-BS 1 72-60 1 7I-B9 t 72-89 1 72-89 1 72-80 1 74-ft& | 74-ee i 74-80 1 78-7? 1 77-71) 1 77-78 1 77-86 1 7?~8O 1 78-7? 1 73-79 | 73-75 i 78-79 1 7S-7? 1 70-7? [ i» GB4. GB5. GB4, GB7, Gl. 0 2 , *nd G3 i r » DDHI •«•ftirtn'i loc** [ o m

Gtl i n ) PM * ( • • DIHD HMigrln<) t o c a t l o m »»> CDDE • codtf for t h t v»rlabl>r a i M«ntlon«d In t h * fr»iu»ncy tab l m »»•) abbrnvtatlom af ARCHIPEL, UERKINGEHt, HERKIWEN3, JPS i n G? * • * * ) 1h> f l t » n ( « M ot t h * 114 d a t t f l U f of th« GREVRLIHGEN DATAS0SE

• l o c ' c«n b« Iscatlon Gt G2 C3 GB4 GBS GB4 G87 Gil or P41 •yy' c m b* y»*r 71 72 7Ï 74 7S 74 77 78 7? or B«

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YY TMP PU Cl- CLS 02 F02 NU 4 NOS N02 TN TNF SI OP TP- TF'F CA MC FE FES MN 72 77 73 79 80 23 73 38* 74 38* 73 3a* 76 23» 13» 1 1 * 12* 11 40* 33* 33* 24* 12» I 1* 4 * I I . 26 39» 38* 37» 23» 7* 1 * 5 * 13 26 38* O O O 1 1» 13* 11 30* 23* 1 2 * 11» 13* 11 2 7 37* 3a» 3B* 2 0 * 3* 1 1 * 1 1 * 13 3e* 24* 13» 1 1 * 12# 13 27 1 39* 0 37» 33* 38* 38* 24* 24* 13* 13* 1 1 * 1 1 * 13* 12» 13 13 0 0 17* 14* 12* 13* 1 1 * 13* 13 0 0 O O o 11 * 12» 13 & 37* 37* 37» 24» 13* 1 1 * 13* 13 40* 37* 24* 13* 1 1 * 13* 13 3(3* 2 1 * 17* 1 1 * 13* 1 1 * 13* 13 O 0 0 o ö O 11 * 13 0 0 38* 24* 13» 10* 1 1 * 13 Tab«l 2.2 tM-oiuency tab La o f ths w a t e r i u a l i + y data o f loca H u n Tri

Dupth = 0 - 4 - 7 meter below s u r f a c a

» » ónly a few o'i* na measurements f o r deplh 4

O 0 313* 36* 2 4 * 13* 1 0 * 1 1 * 13 O 0 2 4 * 13* 11* 13* 13 3 7 * 24 K 17* 11* 13* 13 0 34» 313* 2 4 * (3* 11* 12* 13 YY TMP PM CL CLS 02 PQ2 NH4 ND3 NQ2 TN TNF SI OP TP TPF CA MG FE FE2 'MN 72 31 31 31 30 0 29 1 1 * 0 73 3? 40 40 O 36 35 40 40 0 0 0 39 '40 39* 0 74 33 37 33 0 34 37 33 37 313 0 37 37 21* 0 33 75 35 28 34 .0 34 34 34 35 33 13* 0 34 35 15* 0 34 76 77 78 79 30 22 10 10 11 11 21 11 10 5 11 22 11 1 * 3 * 5 0 O 10 12 11 22 12 10 12 11 19 1 10 11 8 22 13 10 11 13 22 13 10 12 13 22 13 10 12 13 1 1 * 14* 10* 13* 13» 0 0 '10* 12* 13* 22 13 10 12 13 11*0 21 13 14* 10 13 10* 9 12 13» 13*-11

Tab«l 2.3 Fre-mency tab te o f the w a t e r i u a l i t y data o f Location G2 6 - 1 2 - 2 3 meter below s u r f ^ c e no dieasureriientr f ar depth 12 0 0 3(3 33 22 13 9 11 13 0 0 3(3 35 22 13 10 12 13 0 38 34 21 13 9 12 13 0 ,0 35 35 22 13 10 12 13 YY TMP PH CL CLS 02 P02 NH4 N03 N02 TN TNF SI OP TP TPF CA MG FE FE2 MN 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 30 32 37 38 37 22 13 11 11 11 32 39' 3Q 30 21 12 11 6 11 32 39 3» 34 22 9 i'» 5 * 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 11 . 1 2 11 30 35 34 37 '22 12 10 t l 11 29 33 33 37 19 1 10 10 8 30 39 3B 26 23 13 11 12 13 31 39 39 37 23 13 11 13 13 0 © 38 37 23 13 11 12 13 0 0 1 i * 1 4 * 12» 1 3 * 1 1 * 1 3 * 13* 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 * 1 3 * 13» 0 38 33 36 23 13 11 13 13 30 39 37 37 23 13 11 13 13 12* 3 9 * £ 2 * 1<4i* 1 1 * , 1 3 * 1 1 * 1 3 * 13» 0 0 0 0 0 0 \ 1 * 1 3 * 1 3 * 0 • 0 38 36 23 13 10 11 13 0 0 3(3 36 23 13 10 11 13 0 1 1 * 38 37 23 13 11 13 13 0-Ö 3(3 37 23 13 11 13 13 0 0 36 37 23 13 11 12 13 Tab*!. 2.4 Fraiuency t a b l e of the w a t e r ^ u a l i t y data of l o c a t i o n C3

Depth = 0 - 2 6 - 5 2 meter below sur face » « no MBasuraments f o f dgpfh 26

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YY TMP PU CL. QLS 0 2 P02 NH4 N03 UÜ2 TN TNF S I OP TP TPF CA . MG FE FE2 MN 72 30 30 30 O 28 28 29 3 0 & O 0 O 3 0 11 » O O O 0 0 O 73 37 40 40 O 3 5 35 40 40 O <3 O 38 40 40» O O O 1» O O 74 38 3£i 37. O 30 3Q 38 37 33 1 7 * O 37 37 2 1 * O 3 3 313 33 38 35 73 37 32 3<4 Ö 37 3? 35 37 37 14* O 34 37 1<S* O 30 35 37 37 37 76 77 79 7? QO 23 13 11 11 11 22 (2 11 S 11 22 3 1* 3* 5 0 0 11 12 11 22 12 11 12. 11 19 3 11 11 8 23 13 11 H 13 23 13 11 12 13 •23 13 11 12 13 12* 13* 11* 12* 13* 0 0 1 1 1 1* 2* 3* 23 13 11 12 13 23 13 11 12 13 11* 13* 11* 12* 13* 0 0 11* 12* 13* 23 13 10 11 13 23 13 10 11 13 23 13 11 12 13 23 13 11 12 13 - 23 13 11 12 13 76 77 7a 79 BO 22 13 11 10 11 22 12 11 5 11 22 9 1* 4* 0 0 1 1 11 11

Tabel 2.5 F r a i u e n c y tsbLe o f t h e w a t e c i u a l f t y data o f l o c a M o n GB4 Depth =• 0" - 6 - 11 meter beLow sur f a c e

* " rio measuramen t j f o r depth 6

YY THP PH CL CLS 02 P02 MH4 NÜ3 N02 TN TNF SI OP TP TPF CA MG F E FE2 MN 73 3 6 3 8 3 8 O 3 4 34 33 3 8 O O ö 3 7 3 9 ' 3 9 * O O O O 0 O 74 3 7 3 8 3 7 O 3 4 37 3 8 3 7 3 8 1 6 * O 3 7 3 7 2 1 * O 3 8 38 38 3B 35 75 37 3 2 3<4 O 37 37 34 3<4 ' 3 7 1 4 * O 3A 37 1 <4*. O 3 5 3 5 37 37 3 7 22 19 23 23 23 1 2 * O 23 23 1 1 * O 23 23 23 23 23 12 1 13 13 13 1 3 * O 13 13 13» ö 13 13 13 13 13 11 11 11 11 11 1 1 * 1 1 * 1 1 11 1 1 * 1 1 * 1 0 10 11 11 11 11 10 H 12 12 1 3 * 1 3 * 1 2 ' 12 1 3 * 1 3 * 11 11 12 12 12 , 1 * 8 13 1 3 ' 13 1 3 * 1 3 * 13 13 1 3 * 1 3 * 13 13 13 13 13 T*b«l 2,6 F r e - m e n c y t a b l e o f t h e w a t e r i u a l i t y d a t a o f l o c a t l o n CBS Depth =» O - A - 12 m e t e r b«Low s u r f a c e * « no nieajurainent.s f o r d o p t h A YY TMP PH CL CLS 0 2 P02 NH4 N03 N02 TN TNF i ' I OP TP TPF CA MC FE F E 2 MN 72 30 3 2 32 O 29 23 27 29 O O O O 29 f 1 * . O O O O O O 73 3<5 38 37 O 34 34 30 38 0 O 0 37 38 3 9 * 0 0 0 0 0 0 74 37 38 37 1 * 34 37 33 37 38 1 7 * 1 / 37 37 2 1 * 1 * 33 33 38 33 35 75 36 30 33 O ' 3<4 Zi, 3<S 37 37 14* O 26 37 1é* O • 36 ',U 37 37 37 76 22 20 22 O 22 19 22 22 22 1 1 * O 22 22 IS * O 22 22 21 22 22 77 15 14 9 O 14 1 14 14 14 I S * O 14 14 15* O 14 14 14 14 14 78 11 11 1 * 11 11 11 10 10 10 10* 10* i O 10 10* 10* 9 9 10 10 10 79 10 5 3* 11 10 9 11 12 12 12* 12» 12 12 12» 1 2 * 11 11 12 12 12 80 11 11 5 11 11 8 13 13 13 13* 13* 13 13 13* 13* 13 13 13 13 13

Tabel 2.7 Fre-mency t a b l i ï ^ j f t h e w<i t e r - i u * LI t y data o f L o c a t i o n Ghó Depth a o - 14 - 28 meter below sur f a c e

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YY PMP PH CL CLS 02 PO2 NH4 Nf)3 N02 TN TNF SI Of TP TPF CA MCT FE FE2 MN 73 36 38 37 O 33 33 33 38 74 38 37 30 73 37 31 36 76 22 22 22 5* 77' 78 79 13 11 11 11 11 3 O O O

o

11 11 34 38 38 37 37 37 22 10 10 19 23 23 1 13 13

o

30 37 3 7 23 13 O O 17» O 14* O 12* & O 37 37 313* O 37 37 2t# O 36 10 9 11 11 11 12 11 12 37 1ó* O 23 23 13 13 1 1 * 1 1 * 1 1 11 13» 1 3 * 12 12 O 33 2.1 1 1 * 0 1 3 * 0 12 11» 11» 10 1 3 * 13» 11 O 3* O 0 38 30 30 35 35 36 36 37 23 23 23 23 i3 13 13 13 10 11 11 11 11 12 12 12 30 10 10 A 10 10 -7 12 12 12 1 2 * 1 2 * 12 12 12» 1 2 * 12 12 12 12 12 Tabal 2.S F r B ' i u s n c y N b l . e o f t h e - u t a t s r - i u a l i t y d a t a o f l o e r t i o n GO 7 Depth =» 0 - 1 9 - 3 7 m e t e r b e t o w j u r f a c e * *> no meajfm-efimnt.s f o r dep t h <S YY TMP PH CL 02 P02 NH4 NQ3 N02 S I GP TPF TP SED 1 DÊPTH 7(4 77 77 73 79 90 41' 40 14 36 Ï3 44 T»b«i 2. 31 37 5 30 33 42 9 F 41 40 14 36 33 44 41 39 14 0 33 43 ency 4 3? 14 36 33 45 42 40 14 37 34 45 table of 42 39 14 38 34 45 42 40 14 38 34 43 42 •39 10 36 32 45 thg water-i 36 40 9 37 33 45 na Li 35 40 9 37 32 44 ty da 36 39 13 37 31 44 U 41 39 13 38 30 41 of

t

Loc 0 0 0.5 0.5 13 15 0 0 0 2.5 2.5 2.5 U m i G1 1 1 17 5 5 5 1

a

2 ^ 7 7 7 3 3 5 .5 .5 .5 5 5 12 f© 10 7 7 10 10 5 17 (2.3 12.5 15 .5 15 1? 17. 20 17 !7 5 .2 .5 20 2& 20 21 22 22

YY TMP PH CL 02 P02 NH4 N03 N02 S I OP. TPF TP SED I DEPTH <M> 16 16 11 78 79 30 Tabal 43 6 33 20 42 45 2. 35 4 26 41 39 40 10 43 & 38 25 40 45 Frai 42. 6 33 0 39 45 uane 42 6 33 37 39 43 42 6 39 39 41 45 / tabLe 42 33 41 41 45 42 6 39 41 41 43 42 6 39 39 39 45 of the wa ter 40 6 39 40 40 45 ••iua l 38 ó 39 40 40 44 ity 40 6 39 40 ,18 43 data 41 ó 39 39

sa-39 6f 1 0 1 2 ! 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 Locat 0.5 2.5 0.5 1 .5 on

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YY G1 02 G3 T,P4 (I&S G&A GB7 G H P11

7B 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 -

-79 3 3 3 4 3 3 3 -

-Tab«l 2.11 FREQUENCY TABLE OF" DÏSSOLVED 0RGAN.CC CARBON <DOC>

YY G1 r,2 . G3 GB4 GPS CBó GB7 G i l P i l 78 10 • 9 "10 10 10 9 10 2 7 2 5 79 9 9 9 fl 9 9 9 3 9 . 4<S 80 13 13 13 13 13 13 12 48 4 9

Tabal 2.12 FREQUENCY TABLE OF PARTICULATE OKGANIC CARBON (POC)

YY 76 77 7£) 79 0 0 Gt 0 38 3?) 42 ) Pi f POC 0 0 33 42 41 C M P1 f FYTOC 0 0 37 4 3 * 42» 0 0 36 0 0 Gl 30 33 38 33 44 1 P U CHLF 30 31 39 40 44 Gf 1 TP 0 46 47 0 P 0

e

0 0 0

Talisl 2.13 FREfJIJFNCY TABLE IDF POC O A 3 U ) , FYTOC, CHLF AND TP on o n » d e p t h ( 2 . 3 m)

YY A r c h f p o l H « r k l n g » » 1 H e r k t n i j o n a JTP5 G9 U i ) (J D IJ !) U I ) U D 77 4A ,46 46 <l<6 0 0 4 é 46 3(3 46 73 43 4 3 AS 45 © O 45 4 3 36 39

Tsbol 2.14 f-RrtlljrüHCY TAFtLE'OF POTTOM POC TN f - 2 CM BDTTDMI.AYER < UPPER) and Bot tam POC i n 3 - 3 cru b o t t a m l a y a r

YY A r c h i p e l . Herkinflpni HarklnqunS! JJF'3 C 9 U I ) U t) U D U I ) U I> 77 *6 44 4A 46 0 0 46 46 38 46 73 4,3 4.3 45 45 O O 43 43 3& 3? 7 9 eo 1,ï 13 i ~i 1 *,' f 3 12 1:51 2 12i:s 1 rï 12 1312 13 1 2 0 0 0 0

Tabel 2.15 FREiSHENCY TrMU.lt OF RDTTIÏM PIGMENT.? I N 1-2 CM

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Table 4.1 DDMI sampling stations sbat ion G1 G2 G3 GB4 GB5 GI36 GD7 depth (meter) 8.2 24

42

12.2 13.5 29

38

4. Nutriënt bottomfluxes sllicon mg Si/m2.day ammonium mg N/m2,day calculated from G11 1978

85

25 calculated by Kelderman March 1982 July 1982 Sh.(<7m) 85 35 De.(>7m) 110 25 Shallow

95

75 Deep(>7m) 210 105

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Table 5.1 Overview of stoichiometry of marine ptiytoplankton

Taille S . l . a , Hon-dlatonn Dynophyctaa= - Cantium ap, - Gonyaulax Bp. - ?arldinium ap. - unapecified Chlorophyceaat - Dimaliella BP, Cryptophycaaa - cryptmonai Hon^diatoaa) ganaral

Stoichiomtry (or S, P, SC and ehlorophyll,

r e l e c i v e to carbon and carbon t o dry «aight ratio (C/OM) N 0.22 0.09 0,09 0.1) O.2S 0.16 P 0.017 0,010 0.023 0.017 Si 0.09 -Chlf 0.014 0.014 C/DW 0.31 0.37 0.41 0.43 0.J9 Refarancaa l i g e l o v ' 7 7 | Stricklamt '60 Strickland '60,'691 Jorjenian '79 Strickllnd '60, RIJIO-I Jorganaan '79 Jorganian '79

1

Tabte i . l , b . 1 Sprlng'-diatomi " Sktletonam coitatum T t u l m i o i i r a apae. Cnaatocaroi »pec. Rhiaoiolani* «pac, unapKifUd 'aprint'-diatoM, lanaral

Stoichloaetry, for N. F( Si and chlarophyll,

relativa to carbon^ «nd carbon to dry valght racio (G/DU) N 0.19 0.33 0.22 0.06 0,07 0.17 P 0,039 o.ote 0.014 0,019 0.O34 SI 0.34 0.71 0.39 0.32 0.6t 0,52 Chlf 0.014 0.034 0.003 q.018 C/TO 0,40 2' 0,33 0.40 " 0.40 » Ratarenceff

RI310-II tistlow ' 7 7 ; Va H.von '75; Sakahaug 'T/\ StricMmd '60i Biantano. '94 Piancht '80

Jor8«tia«n ' 7 1 | ï t t n f a n l '83} Paaacha 'BO Jorganatn '19; Blanfans "B4| Fuscha '80 Bigalou ' 7 7 | Da Havan '7Si Paaachc '80 tiealoH '771 Da Haven '75; Anti» '«3

" t h i tolliMtni data ( n Ctktn into account

- t n l l planktonic dlatoa s p i c i t i , praaant in (prins, «iptrinantil condltlona (pnrtly) apaciflad aa 'iprinj'-conaitiotu (no nutritnt l l n l t i t i m l l Sktlatonwa

- planktonic diatoa apaeiaa, aaptriiMntil condltiona (partly) apaeiflad ai 'epring'-umdlttona (nu nutrlant li>itacion and/or low l i j h t i n t a n t l t l a a ) ) Th«la»aloatra, Onatoeeraa - (tnall) planktonic diatoia apaolaa, praauit In iprint and aumat, «perlaantal condlti«m

net apaaifiadt Bhiioaolanla. unapeciflad

vhan th« carbon contant ia not tpacltiad, i carbon to dry vaiajit ratio (C/DU) of 0.40 ia aaaunad

Tahla 1.1-e. •aunnar'-diatoaa " Carataulina palaglca Nltachia cloattritM Dithylun b r i j h t v . l l i Ihalaaaioaira a p « . Chaetoceroa Rhiaoaolania vnapacKiad 'aunaHr'-diatoMi (inatal

Stoichionatry tor N, F, si and ehlorsphyll,

relativa to carbon, and carbon to dry ueifht ratio (C/DW)

N 0.13 0.09 0,12 0.17 0.06 0.07 0.11 t 0.019 0.012 0.066 0,014 0,019 0.026 81 0.30 0.44 0.10 0.10 0.)2 0.64 0.3} C h U 0.014 0.009 0.010 C/DW 9.32 0.*0 !> 0.40 »> Rafarencaa Faaacht 'B0 Strickland '60 RI310-Ü Biandng 'B4 Jortansan '79t l i a n d n j '83 Jorgenaan '79;llten(ant '84;Paatcha 'BO Blgelow '77iD«Htv.n 'TJtPattctn 'BO Blgalou '77|IHiHaven '7SiAntie '83

th« folloving data ara takan into account]

- (larga) planktonic dtatoa apiciea, praaant In iinaar, anpartiaantal conditiona not apeeilladi Carataullna. Blttchi». Plthyltm

- planktonic diatoa apacltt, axparliMntal conditioni (ptrtly) apacided aa

'aiaaaar-coiulUioiia' (nutrlant l l a l t t t i o n »nd/or high U t h t intenalty)) Thalaaaloaira. Chaatoc. - < a w l l ) planktonic dlaton apaeiaa, praaant in aprlng and « i m * r , aaparlMntal candidona

nat apaoi{i4dl Rhitoaolenia, unapaciflad

uhan tht carbon contant la not apeclfiad, a caibon to dry «aijlit t a t l o (C/DH) of 0,40 ia aaauaad

T.bl. S . l . d .

StolcKioawtry In e/t C (or K, f, 81 and ehlorophyll (sein t atandard davlatlon) 81 ohlorophyll non-ailtma •prlng-diatoi aonar-diatoi 0,16 (; 0.0» 0,17 (• o , m 0.11 <• 0,04) 0.017 l* 0.007) 0.034 (• 0,094) 0.026 (; 0,01S) 0 . » <t 0.16) 0,35 (* 0.21) 0,014 0.018 (; 0.01}) 0,010 (; 0,006)

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Table 5.2 Stoichiometry in g/g C as used in the balanca calculations silicon nitrogen phosphor 'spring1 algae O.45a 0.17 0.034 'summer' algae 0.20a 0.14 0.017

a planktonic diatoms only

TabXe 5.3 coefftcients for mineralizationt denitrification and refractory silicon

coëfficiënt Mineralization Carbon Silicon Nitrogen Phosphor Denitrification Nitrogen Refractory silicon Silicon substrate suspended detritus 0.14 0.14 0.14 0.14 bottom detritus 0.07 0.07 0.07 0.07

inorganic dissolved nitrogen

0,011

dead planktonic and benthic diatoms

0,030

the dimension of all coefficients Is /day, estcept for ref-ractoty silicon (dimensionless),

mineralization and denitrification rates are given for 20 degrees C. The coëfficiënt for temperature dependency is

1.09.

for denitrification an extra dependency on temperature and oxygen concentration is used (see program listing, CDENO

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Table 5.4 Annual values of some measured and calculated 2

fluxes (in g/m .year)

net load dissolved silicon (raeasured) refractory silicon (calculated)

net load dissolved inorg, nitrogen (measured) denitrxfication (calc, without 0 -dependency) denitrification (calc, with 0„-dependency)

net load dissolved inorg. phosphorus (raeasured)

mineralization of silicon in water' mineralizat'ion óf 'nitrogen in water mineralization of phosphorus in water mineralization of silicon in bottom mineralization of nitrogen in bottom mineralization of phosphorus in bottom

total respiration in water (measured) C-mineralization in water (calculated) total respiration in bottom (measured) C-mineralization in bottom (calculated) net sedimentation of detritus (calculated)

1977 3.1 1.5

4.4

3.5 3.5 0.2 11.7 6.5 1.4 35.8 16.9 3.6

42

114 22 1978 0.4

1.6

3.4 3.5 3.5 -1.2 11.2 6.1 1.5 42.3 22.6

5.2

39 149 57 1979 2.3 1.7 4.1 3.0

2.7

-2.4

6.4

5.0

1.0 48.6 34,5 6.5 33 229 138 1980

2.3

1,9 3.3 3.0 3.2 -0.2 8.2 6.9 1.1 52.1 38.2 6.2 305 45 390 255 169

(12)

Table 5,5 Turnover rates phytoplankton, dissolved silicon and

dissolved inorganic nitrogen

net production of phytoplankton, DIHO

(used in the model)

net production of phytoplankton, DDMI

phytoplankton biomass

turnover rate, phytoplankton C/year)

percentage diatom in phytoplankton

silicon, max. winterconc, measured

net silicon load, measured

refractory ailicon, calculated

total mineralization, silicon, calc.

turnover rate silicon (/year)

nitrogen, max. winterconc, measured

net nitrogen load, measured

denitrification, calculated

total mineralization, nitr., calc.

turnover rate nitrogen (/year)

1976

80 1977

60 (63)

0.75

1

80

73

5.35

3.1

1.5

47.5

7.7

2.79

4.4

3.5

23.4

7.2 1978

90 (97)

0.83

108

72

7.31

0.4

1.6

53.5

8.0

3.44

3.4

3.5

28.7

8.5 1979

171 (172)

156

1.38

124

59

5.09

2.3

1.7

55.0

10.2

3.79

4.1

2.7

39.5

8.8 1980

194 (214)

172

1.25

155

55

4.94

2.3

1.9

60.3

11.7

3.94

3.3

3.2

45.1

11.3 1981

225 not based on wet weight-carbon, but on chlorophyll-carbon

conversion with a factor 40

2 all units are in g C, Si, N/m .(year), except the turnover rates

(/year), and percentage diatoms (%)

(13)

PHYTOPLANKTON PRODUCTION = 100-175 BIOMASS » 1.0 -1.4 -z^r 50-88

I

L

EELGRASS+MACRO-ALGAE PRODUCTION-.50-55 BIOMASS = 15-18 50-55 MICROPHYTOBENTHOS PRODUCTION :75 BIOMASS : 2.5 -3.0 38 141-148 15-31 ZOÖPLANKTON BIOMASS J 0.15-0.22 MACROZOOBENTHOS BIOMASS 00-14

-^L-60-84 |

DETRITUS CONCENTRATION : 0.9-2.2 (WATER) 100-150 (SEDIMENT-(LAYERÓ-2cm) 164-218 •

(14)

KNKI conversion routine

GKEVELINGEN DATABASE'

interpolation technique raoving average Cechnique ecosystem model1ing WAKWAL (DDMI)

CMS

I

SAS

1-zz.y

DIHO terminal

P

R'

E

S

E

N

T

A

T

I

0 N

r

e 3 U

1

t s terminal text-processing •*«* princer plotter.

Flgure 2.I Schematization of the data-aquisitidn for the GREVELINGEN

DATABASE-* H terminal

(15)

V) C n o O -tl co ti 3 "3 »—• H -3 'I OQ m f» r t n> • a 3 D. O -n

g

* Melissant ' t 3 i Schaiendijk

S c h o u w e n

-O v e / f l a l c l c e e

(16)

Oostvoo me

iHellevoetsluis

Zierikzae

Ooatarschelde

tVolkerak

'•V./.V'/.S LAKE GREVELINGEN

(17)

22- 18-T 14-£ M P E 10 R A T U B E 8 -' -' I -' AA T-l-p-48 " F 12 -i-r-p-40 12 18 20 24 1978 SS 3Ë 38 ' T1 40 SS IS 20 24 SS 1977 3S 30 52 23-T 14-E M p E 10-R A T

u

e-R E a- -a-e ts i-a-e 20 SA 28 1979 32 36 40 44 48 Ba 8 12 • 'f ie 1 • i • ' • ' i ' 20 SA as " 'T ' 3 2 T1" 38 40 -i-i-j-r 44 48 5E 1878 2H- ia-T 14-E M P E

10-n

A T u e-| s-Figure 3.1

temperature in degrees Celsius

station Gil (DIHO - data) _____ waterdepth O - 5 m

waterdepth 5 - 15 m waterdepth 15 - 20 m

e ia ia so SA ae aa ae 40 AA 4 B B S

(18)

aoH c H 18H L D n I 14H • E

«H

IS 16 20 SA SS 1S7B 33 36 40 AA 48 ÖE B 12 IS 20 SA SB 33 36 40 44 48 32 1B77 ton c H ie-L O R I 14H o E 12 IS 20 24 28 3E 38 40 44 4S BZ 1379 12 18 20 S4 ES 32 38 40 44 46 SS 1979 aoH c L O n o E

Figure 3.2 •

O

chloride concentration in /

0 0

Cl"

s t a t i o n GIJ (DIHO - data)

waterdepth O - 5 ra

waterdepth 5 - 15 n

waterdepth 15 - 20 m

IS 1B SO 34 38 33 3B 40 44 49 CE iseo

(19)

B.0- S.S- s.o- 7.B-o 4 8 12 ia 20 SA ae 32 3e 40 AA 4e ss A e ia ie so S4 S B sa as 40 44 ja 52 1S7B 1977 9.0- e.s- 0.0- 7.0-1 7.0-1 i | i 7.0-1 7.0-1 • | , . . . . , . i p p ' , i i | i » » n i 7.0-1 7.0-1 7.0-1 7.0-1 i • i n • 7.0-1 7.0-1 i 7.0-1 7.0-1 i . i | i i i i ! i • i i , i , > i , , i i , p - i i i p i i i , r o 4 a 12 ie 20 24 as sa 3e 40 AA AB as A B 12 ie 90 24 E S as ae 40 44 ae sa 1S70 g.o- a.a-

e.o-Figure 3,3

a c i d i t y in pH-units

s t a t i o n Gil (DIHO - data)

waterdepth O - 5 m

waterdepth 5 - 15 m

waterdepth 15 - 20 m

O 4 I I | I I I l | I I I I | I I I 1 | I1-IT| ! ! . ! | . I I I | I . . I | I I . I | I • I I | I I I I | 12 16 20 24 26 32 30 40 AA 49 62 i o a o

(20)

3<H sa-s u 9 P 20-E N D e is-D S O 10-L I O S 6- _V I * ' T | • i i • | r i i i | i 1 1 • | i i i n i i i i | i i i i | i i i i | i O 4 B 12 iS 20 24 S3 32 36 197B 12 IS 20 34 40 44 46 52 _2B 1S77 32 3S 40 44 48 52 S u 8 p a E N D E ÏSH 0 0 iCH u I D 3 B-4 B 12 IS 80 34 28 32 36 40 AA 48 Oï 1978 8 IS 16 30 34 39 32 3B 40 44 49 53 l a 7 9 SO-i aoH s u p ao-| e N • E 10-• 9 O L I D

Figure 3,4

suspended solids in mg/l

station Gil (DIHO - data)

waterdepth 0 - 5 ra

— waterdepth 5 - 15 m

waterdepth 15 - 20 m

\ ^^" o 4 a 12 ia ao 24 ae 1960 36 40 44 40 SS

(21)

u- 10-O B-X Y s e-E N

1

0 4 B IS 16 SO 34 SQ 32 36 40 44 46 SE 197B 4 e 12 ie so 2 J se 3s sa 1S77 4e S2 ia 10 O 8' X Y 6 8 E N o 4 e 12 ia ao a4 se 3a 3e • • 1 | rfi',* | , , ,, . . . ^ ia B E A S ia ie so 84 ae aa aa 40 AA AB B E ' 197S 14- 12-10-j

o

a-|

x

Y •G S-| E N 4H a- 0-Figure 3.5 oxygen concentration in mg/l

station Gl] (DIHO - data) waterdepth O - 5 m waterdepth 5 - 15 m waterdepth 15 - 20 m

(22)

1.0- 0.G-0 R T H o o.a-p H O 9 0,4-P H A T E 0.2- 0.0-a t 12 ie 20 24 as aa se 40 44 4a es • i • • • • I • • ' M ' " i |' I ' • ' ' | i i i i | i i . i | , i i i | i i i r f - i - T T B 12 16 20 24 SB 38 38 40 AA 48 5S 1977 1.0- 0.6-m O.B- 0.4- o.a-

0.0->y—"

/

'l 111 i | i • ' 1111 • u i 11 11111 I J I ' I I T I PTTVf | F r • • • • | • \ \ 1_{' ' 1 ' ' ' " 1 ' " ' 1 > • H J H ' l ' l ' l1 1 " " T ' • " 1 ' " • • l} 1 "" 1 ' ' ' '1 '1' " ' ' 1 1' G IS 1G 20 SA 2S 32 36 40 44 4G 82 1976 e is ie 20 24 ae aa ae 40 44 AB sa 1079 i.0-o.c o.ö- 0.4- o.a-

o.o-Figure 3.6

PO concentration in mg P/l

station GJ1 (DIHO - data)

waterdepth O - 5 m

waterdepth 5 - 15 ra

waterdepth 15 - 20 m

O 4 B 12 16 20 24 2B 32 38 40 44 40 BS leso

(23)

P H O s p H A T E o . e-H o . H B 12 16 30 32 3B 40 4 6 _{1G SO 24 SB} 1877 33 •i-i-j-r 36 4 0 4 4 _{48 SS} T 0, 0 T A L 0. 0.4H o , o-H 0 4 6 12 18 20 24 28 32 1B78 40 44 46 92 4 e " ' [ . 1 1 1 , 1 1 1 . , , , I, 16 20 24 28 32 36 40 44 48 52 1079 l . O H O.BH o.e-i 0.4H

Figure 3.7

total-P concentration in mg P/l

station GIJ (DIHO - data) waterdepth O - 5 m waterdepth 5 - 15 m waterdepth 15 - 20 m

O 4 8 12 1G 30 84 26 32 38 40 44 46 BS 1SB0

(24)

0.8- 0.4- 0.3- 0.2- 0.0-. • • • • i • • • • i • • - • i • - • • i • • • • i • • • • [ • • • • i • • • - i i i i | i i i • 11 n • | • n 0.0-. r 1 1 1 1 , r i . , , , 11 , | . 11 i , , , 0 4 e 1B 18 S0 24 Se 32 3B 40 44 48 82 A e 13 1B SO S4 2B 3E 38 40 44 46 32 1S7Q 1877 O.B0 . 4 -A M 0 . 3 -M O N i o.a-u KI 0 . 1 - 0.0-o 4 a ia ie a0.0-o ai ss as ae 40 AA 4e es 4 s ia is ao S4 2e sa 39 40 AA AQ B B 187B _1B79 o 4 a ia ie ao Figure -3.8

atranonium concentration in mg N/l

s t a t i o n Gil (DIHO - data)

— waterdepth O - 5 m

waterdepth 5 - 15 m

waterdepth 15 - 20 m

(25)

0.20H 0.15H T 0.10-1 B I T E O.OB-j o.oo-a i s ie o.oo-ao 34 o.oo-as 32 se 40 AA 4e s: 1976 ''• I " ' '11 I " I " " I I | . f i . | i . . i ! , 12 ie 20 S4 ES 32 36 40 44 46 B2 1B77 0.20H 0.10-] o.ooH o.oo-t / ^ - \ 6 12 16 20 24 2B 32 36 40 44 46 S2 _{S 12 16 20 24 26 32} 1Q7B ae 1' i ' 4 0 • • i ' 4 4 43 52 N I T R I T E o.aoH O.lB-j o.ioH o.ooH o.ooH Figure 3.9 nitrite concentration in mg N/l

station G]1 (DIHO - data) waterdepth O - 5 m waterdepth 5 - 15 m waterdepth 15 - 20 m • • p '• 12 _{16 20} _{24 26 33} 1960 " T 36 40 _sa

(26)

o.eH N I T o. R A T e o.aH o.o-t O 4 8 IS 18 20 24 2S 32 36 1S78 4S sa 4 ' ' " ' I 1 ! e ia ie ao sa se 32 ae 40 44 48 32 1S77 0.4H 0.3H N I T R A T E o.aH o.oH o 4 e 12 ie so 84 se 32 ae 40 44 4e sa 4 e is ie 20 _{34 SB 32 36 40 44 48 SB} 1976 ₁₉₇₉ o.sH o. 0.4H H T o. R A T e o.aH o.H .o.oH Figure 3.]0 nitrate concentration in mg N/l

station GJ J (DIHO - data) waterdepth O - 5 m waterdepth 5 - 15 m waterdepth J5 - 20 m O 4 6 12 16 20 S4 se iseo 38 40 44 4B OS

(27)

D I S s I N O Ft G N I T n o 6 £ N o.eH o.i o.sH o.oH o 4 a is ie so ZA ae sa se ' I1 • ! • e ia is ao 24 SB as ae 40 t a 77 ! • ! • ' • • • > [ 46 BB D l.C I S s O,f I N o n o.e e N I 0,4H T ' ' n o is o.sH E N o.oH o A e ia ie ao E4 ae 3s se 40 44 48 sa 197B B 12 ie ao 34 ae 1979 se AO AA AB S2 t N O R O N I T R O e 6 N O.BH O.BH o.aH O.C F i g u r e 3 , 1 1

ammonium + nitrite + nitrate in mg N/l

station Gil (DIHO - data) waterdepth O - 5 m waterdepth 5 - 15 m waterdepth 15 - 20 m I " ' ' ' I r n 1 ' - ' M ia ie 20 SA ae sa ae AO AA 4 S oa 1BBO

(28)

s I L I C 0 N 1 , 1 , 1 , 1 . 1 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . 0 . G~ &-. 2 - | Q-g j B-| A-m S-, 0 -8 IS 16 20 24 SB 1976 33 36 40 44 48 B2 e 12 ie 20 S4

se aa

36 'M' 40 BE 1977

s

ï L I e o N i.a-1.8"; 1.4-1 . 3— i.o-i o. e-j 0.6-

0.4-o.s-.

0.0-A

A\

_V

\

\ p

1 1 1 1 1 \ V-v /1 / \ \ \ 1 l \ /_{1 /} / /

I

e 12 ie ao 24 ae as se 40 44 AQ sa 1676 e i a i e ao S4 ae 32 ae 40 44 4e sa 1078 ï.a-i.e-i ï.a-j i.o-:

o.e-i

o.e- 0.4-a.8' 0.0' 16 20 84 88 ieao TTJT-33

Figure 3.12

silicon concentration in mg Si/l

station Gil (DIHO - data)

waterdepth 0 - 5 ra

— • — waterdepth 5 - 15 m waterdepth 15 - 20 m 36 40 AA 46

(29)

1B1 2 C 1 0 -H 0 n o p H ¥ L 4 - a-• ! a-• i i i I i i i i I i n < l " ' ' I " ' ' I a-• a-• a-• a-• I a-• a-• a-• a-• I " " a-• I " " I T " ' M ' ' ' ' I ' " ' I a-• e i s te so 94 as 32 ae AO AA 48 ss A B 1876 • ) • 16 SO 24 86 1077 12 1 n 32 3B 40 44 1 ' • • ' 1 4B SS 1 0 - 12-C H 10-t O H O P H V L a-is ••' I ' ' " I ie 30 84 sa se ae AO AA 49 02 4 e ia ia 20 24 2e. as sa 1878 1B7B 40 44 43 52 ie-;

c

H 1 0 -L O fl «-o ^ p M V L.

4-

a-o-

1 i " " i i| M |i ia ia 20 24 sa 32 ae 40 44 4s sa iaeo

Figure 3.13

chlorophyl concentration in mg/m"

station Gil (DIHO - data) waterdepth O - 5 m _ waterdepth 5 — 15 m waterdepth 15 - 20 m

(30)

1000-800-^ 800-; 700-i B0O-; BOO-i 400-i 300O -•i l i n i-l " " i " ' " I " " i ' I I • ' • • I I • • ' • I • e 12 is 30 sa as 32 se 40 44 4B S E 197B 1 I • " 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 • 1 I I I • I I 1 • 1 i'i 1 1 i 1 • 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 [ 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 • | 1 •• 1 1 4 S IS ie 30 SA 28 32 36 40 AA 48 5S 1873 1000-BOO-j soo-i 700^ 800-i P BOO-0 C 4 0 0 3 0 0 -aoo-j 100-| ) ' \

/~\

« 'tvi ^

e i a i a ao 24 ae 3a 3e 40 44 4e as 1980 F i g u r e 3 . J 4 r

FOC-concentration in mg C/nf

s t a t i o n GI] (DIHO - data)

waterdepth O - 5 m

waterdepth 5 - 15 m

waterdepth 15 - 20 m

(31)

1 0 0 0 - S0Q-eoo-i F 7 0 0 -Y T BOO-0 C SOO-A R 5 a 3 0 0 -N 200*; 100 400-0 ~ I *•••! ••• t I"' " ' I I I | •••"•• H i ' i n p . • . • •Tn ' i ' i ' r i i ' i i | | I I IM . . . i , i o 4 e is ie 20 SA sa ss se AO AA AG BS A B 1Q7B 1 ' I ' ' • 'I' ' ' ' I ' ' ' ' I ' " ' I ' " " I ' " ' I ' is ie ao BA sa aa 3e 1S79 ""'1! I ' ' i M AA 4e sa tooo-ooo-: F Y T O c A R B Q N BO0-; 700-; 600-j B0O-; 3 0 0 -100-; 0-8 i s i a ao 24 se as aa 40 AA AB BE iseo

Figure 3.15

phytoplankton-carbon in mg C/m"

s t a t i o n Gil (DIHO - data)

waterdepth O - 5 m

waterdepth 5 - 15 m

waterdepth 15 - 20 m

(32)

O.flO-

o.ie-f

M* O,1S- 0.04- 0.00-'I ' -r"* 'Tl nri ITI 1 I • i ' • I i > i | O 4 8 IC 16 80 84 BB BC 86 40 44 46 SB o.so-: S, o. ia-. O.OB-o.04-: o.oo-O 4 8 18 18 80 B4 BS SB 36 40 44 48 BB igure 3.16

uspended particulate nitrogen n mg N/l (DDMI - data)

I

O. 16-O.lfl-f 0.08-4 e <e ia eo u n n n 0.08-40 0.08-40.08-4 0.08-48 BB 0 5 -> 15 15 m m m average ox 7 stations

average of 3 stations (near bottom) average of 4 stations (near bottom)

(33)

iöOO- 1400- 1B00- 10006 0 0 - eoo- 400- 8000

-f \

/

1

1 \

'<\

Ai

ia ie ao B4 se aa se 40 44 40 B B 1876 1600-1400-f 1600-1000-5 eoo eoo 400- BOD-5 - IBOD-5m 6 1B IC BO B4 BS SR 1B74-1 40 44 48 OS 1600- 1400-isoo-l 1000-^ 600-j B00-; 400-f BOO™ 0 -- - - - * * F'"l 'l""l 5 \\

1 \

l

1

1 \

1 H | 1 1 H 1 »' 1 t l'T'1 H M ' 1000-1400-J taoo-1000' 800 800 400' eoo' 0' / 5

A\

\

V _

B *B 16 BO B4 8 8 8 8 S6 40 44 4S BB 8 18 16 BO 8 4 BS 9B 1079-a ae 40 44 48 1600 140Q 1D00 tooo o-o 4 a ia i s BO 84 1870

Fjgure 3.17

raanganese , concentration in mg Mn/m (DDMI - data) SB 40 44 49 BB I 2 — — 3 5 —*— 1400^ 1000-^ looo-j aoo^ 6 0 0 4 0 0 - BOO-0

5

-> > 15 15 15 15 m

m

r t | M 111 \ 11111 n 11111 11 M I i | n-rriT «8 *6 BO B4 ee aa se 1M0 average of 7 stations average of 4 stations

average of 3 stations{near botton average of 2 stations

(34)

4000- seoa- sooo-èf «800-3 ^ BOOO^ 1B0D-I 800-j 0-o 4 e ie BO 84 BB 1B77 3 6 40 44 4 8 BB

I

«KJOO-aeoo-J sooo- aooo-1BOO-| 1000-O 4 8 1B 16 H1000-O 81 B8 98 1B78 86 40 44 40 BB 4000- oaoo- BOOO-» 8000- 1000- BOO-o 4 B ia ie B O 04 sa ae 1879 S6 40 44 48 BB Figure 3,18 phytoplankton net primary production in rag C/m /day (station Gl1, DIHO - data) 4000-800 O-j 8000-^ B » 0 «•

eooo-i ;

1000-1000 -j 1B 16 SO B4 BS 9B 1860 40 44 48 BB

(35)

BO=> 1 B - 18- S4- ao- 1B-I " • ' « 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 • n 1 1 • • •' [ 1 o * B ie ie ao B4 ee ss se *o 44 *B oo ie is ao 84 ee aa ae 40 4-4 48 ea 1877

i

B 4 - ao1 0 1 B - e4 0

-J

*

1 T '••'• * * * * * BO-8 IS 16 BO-80 B4 1878 as as 40 44 4a O B o 4 a ie I B ao B4 ee B B se 40 44 1879

i

0 4 8 18 16 «O B4 SS SB teeo ae 40 44 4e sa Figure 3.19

Compariaon of DOHI and DIHO dataaata

* DIHO data (Udpar watariayar, atatlon 011) •—• OOMI data (uppar watariayar,

•varaaa of 7 atationa) - — BB» oonl1 ld.no» llnlta fflDHI-datat

(36)

DOM: - CHLOHDE ( g CS/Ö D1HO: * C t U R D E (o/oo Cl)

OOM: - CWJOROE { WHO: • CHLORBE (o/oo

! h

K1II K11U 1 B m

'ïï'

Ha n * t «** * • Qr na • o 4-a f^3 a ** t e *• o D D W t - C t t O R D E ( , tXHO: > CHLORIDE (o/oo

O

-[]

Ut D - taSl -n o - E- S-o n - S-D -< k

-

è-

**2-*....t..**

n d M at *

• •

t>'

:

Vf

*

• > * * B>

f

1 s

i

I* I* IK • T . . . . T . . . . V . 01

3°

D » r f t ?. . . ? • • • • ?

(37)

AHWTY (pH unit») ACDITV (pH unfte) •j a a> p o o o *J O JD {V «J O K a o « S a 9 o

II-I

o una 3 «a Mini

ff..

• 9 # •

HM*

o -k o 1*-B S ï 5 8 S S S . 1 • . . . t . . . . i . . . . i . . . . i . . . . i i D

s

Ê t 10

s-s

s

g s ƒ, :» '/ l'l

'1'

r

'/'

* ^

•

7

j * *> * * «f 8 S . i.... i.... i S S 8 l r • n a n -E: t-D O

(38)

I

•=• i O -e i-e ia -eo -e 1O76 SB 36 40 44 48 in-40 44 4B BB 1BT7

1

1B- 10-O 4 e IB 16 B10-O B4 B8 SS 3e 40 44 4« DB iO78 o 4 B IB ie M B4 ee aa se 40 44 1070 oa 14- 1B- 10-l\ Figure 3.22 1B 1G BO B4 BS

Oanparlaan of DOMI and DtHO dutaaata

* OIHO data (uppap «atarlavar, atatlon flli) t D D M I data (uppap watarlayar.

avapaga of 7 atatlona) 9B% oanfldana* ltnlta CDDHI-dat»)

(39)

ï

!

i

•

s

0 . 0 . 0 . 0. 0. 0 • Q 0 . 0 .

B-H

B-j *~. B~ * 0 -* • </' </' r 'It t 0.6-0.0-; o.a-j 0.1- 0.0-f* 4 e ia ie so B4 sa aa ss 40 44 4B ea IB7S 0 4 6 ie 16 BO S4 8B 88 96 40 44 48 08 1077 0.0- 0.7-0.6-j 0.0-j 0.4-j O.S-j O,B-j 0,0-fes » > ^ 3,8- ï.7- J.8- B.e- 0.4- 0.8- 0.B- 0.1- 0.0-*

<X" * *

ia 16 eo 84 eb aa se 40 44 46 D O 1678 o 4 e ie te eo 0.4 1R7S Sa 06 40 44 48 Bfi 0.8- 0.7- 0.6-tf 0,B-v 0.4-t

**0.8-I <>•*-.**

0,0-ie «E B O »4 88 as 38 40 44 *a os Figure 3.23

ao«var*aon of DDMI and DIHO dataaata

* OtHO data Cuppar watarlayar», atatlon Bil) •—• ODHI data (uppap Hataplayap«

•v«p»8» of 7 utatlona) OOK oonfldanaa limita CDOHl-a«t»)

(40)

TOHL PHOSPHATE (mg P / l ) TOTAL PHOSPHATE (mg P/t) o b DO» DM-) <T3J3 1

2"ï

J i-i fl> TOTAL PHOSPHATE (mg P / l ) o * o o in o b o b O -*. O D

I'

o b ts . D

-si

s

s:

(41)

o.a-1 °-H

0.4-i o.e-O 4 e 18 16 80 B4 BS SB SS 40 44 4S BB 1076 0.6- 0.4- O.B-o 4 a ta ie O.B-oO.B-o B4 se aa se 40 44 4a O.B-oa 1877 1.0- 0.6- 0.4-o 4 a ie is a0.4-o B4 B B S B ae 40 44 4s oa 1.0- O.B- o.s-0.4-i O-B-i O.O-S / l \ \ \ \

K\

1 v

A/ \

> •

f

O 4 • IS 16 BO 84 197a -40 44 4* SS 1.0- 0.8- 0.6- 0.4- 0.0- 0,0-* • ^ N V \ \

vu!

•

tji o * a ie is eo B4 as aa ae 40 44 4S na Figure 3.25

Conpartaan of QbMI and atHO dataaata

ft DIHO data (uppar Mataplayar, atatten Bil) •—• D O H I data (uppap MataplayaPi

avapaga at 7 atatlona) — 06» oentiitmnoa llnlta ( )

(42)

0.4- l.a- l.B- 0.8-0 4 B Ifi BO 8 ' 10,76 40 44 48 BB 1B 16 BO B4 OS SS 36 40 44 48 BB « 7 7

1

0.4» a.o- 1.6- i.a- o.e- 0.4- 0.0-1.1 l.C 0,B- 0.0-O 4 8 ifi 18 B0.0-O B4 1Q78 SB 8B 40 44 46 OS O 4 B 'IB ie BO S4 1B70 88 4O 44 48 S.4- 0.0-

i.a-1

0.4-0,0' O 4 18 1G BO 84 00 SB 85 40 44 48 1BS0

Figure 3,. 26

Qonpaplaon of OOMI and DIHO dataaatc

* DIHO data hippap wataplayap, at*tlaii 01 i) •—« DOHï data fuppap wataplayap,

•vapag* of 7 stations) BBK oonfldanoa llmlta CDDMI-data)

(43)

CHLOROPHYL (ug CM/1) o b S BUI 5 ïjf «•• O <» t » UF • * a * H Sft<« a £ • » • • • Ma "3*3 ff 1 rt- - > d l * • • ti O -«•• CHLOROPHYL (ug CM/1) o n b ö e » P » m -3 • S-5 8-

S-

t-ft.

8 . • * i r i . t . • \ J A * ' < • **-» ƒ 1 / \ f . , r T

**' *1**

•*

v

_•\

\

>

\

i . / • •

* tir

m a -J *~\ \ \ ' • ? s s * N • * • • * * " \ \ o o n

7

CHLOROPHYL (ug CM/1) o b o *. -• : tt m

-e .

ê. 4 4 4 8 Z- * * t i s D O -J a b a * o b — -* "* n a * 1-1 ' o -E 8 : o [1 O O -•?• • ? • ? '

(44)

(5 1.0-

O.S--z&

v

- ^ ^ > ^ .

8 1» 16 HO 8-4 SS 88 96 40 1070

I

fl.B- 0.0- 1.0- o.o-o.o^ 0 4 8 1H 16 flO 04 1079 »B «6 40 _{4« sa}

1

d fl.B-a.o-; i.Or 1.0- 0.0-O 4 S IQ 10 BO S4 SB SB 9S 40 44 4S BB

Figure 3.28

1 M 0

ariaon at DDHI and DIHO d««aa*ta DIHQ data luppar watarlayar. «tatton Sll) OOMI data luppar watarlayar,

avarag» of 7 atatlona) 0W eonfldanoa l i m i t • IDOHI-data)

(45)

4000- 8B0Q-0OQO-J saoo-i «ooo-j 1000-j 4000-o ia ca e * es &a J07S» 8000-esoo-J oooa-j tooo-m iaoo-1 aa o-ie eo B4 se se 1B80 40 44 4e ea 4000-aeoo-i « «ooo-1000-^ aoo-i 0 -0 4 B 1-0 16 8-0 B4 B8, SB S5 4-0 44 48 O» 187S 4000- seoo- aooo- EOOO-fiOOO-; 1B00-- iOOO- 80 0-o 4 e ia ie BO E4 se aa loao F i g u r e 3.29 40 44 48 BS

oonp»ri»an af DIHO mna DOMI

Uppar CisurB DDMI. lavtr floura DIHO St«t ion 911,

(46)

1

0.4-! J o.a- o.t- 0.0- -0.1-is 16 ao 34 M aa sa 40 44 48 aa IB78-IS77 a 4 • ia is » 3<< ae 3a ss 40 44 <ta aa 0.0- o,s- o.a- o.i- o.o- -0,1-o 4 0,8- 0.9- o.a-o.i-j a.a- -0,1-1879 0 4 I 13 It 30 94 91 99 » 40 44 41 19 1BS0 1BS0

4,1; temparature gradienCs

in degrees Celsius/m

0,01-

-o.oa- -0.0»- -o,oe- -0,14- -0.17- -o.ao-o 4 8 ia te a-o.ao-o a4 » 33 sa 40 44 43 aa 1079 fl.01- -o.oa-? -O.OB- -0.11- -0,14- -0.17- -0.20-o 4 a i a t s a-0.20-o a<< » « 44 1SM

Figure 4.2: chloride gradients

in g Cl/l.m

Gradients between upper waterlayer and waterlayer one meter above bottom,

in 1972 - 1977 (averaged by week), 1979 and 1980 (DDMI - data)

2-O - T.a • atatlan 81 _______ _ _ — _ o - 11,a • atation SS4 _ _ _ , o - 12.8 • atatiwt 088 , — — . _ ™_ o - as.0 • atatton «a - — — _ - — — — -.- 0 - 41.0 • atatlon «S

(47)

0.8- 0.032- o.oia-^ 0.014-S 0.010-K 0,006- -0.003-o 4 a ia ie 20 st ae 32 se 40 1878"1Ö77 U *a sa -o.a-ta is ao 34 as sa H 40 44 48 sa 0.033- o.oie-= 0.010-0.0 0.003- -o.oot-.019 O 4 B W 16 M Ï4 M 8S 86 40 44 4S BÏ 1879 o.s- 0.4-0.9-1 £. o.a- o.i- o.o- -o.i- -0.8-o 4 a 13 is s-0.8-o a4 aa » se 40 44 4S sa 1079 a.a-S o.oaa- 0.01e- 0.014- 0.010- 0,006-o.ooav -o.oos-^

r\

1

• / 4,

4

Ir* %

fa

4

o 4 • i a i e » u H i i H « 4 4 « ioeo

Figure 4.3: acidity gradients in pH-units/m 0.1- o.o- -0,1--o.a o 4 toeo

Figure 4.4; oxygen gradients

in mg 0 /l.m

Gradients between upper waterlayer and waterlayer one meter above bottom,

in 1972 - 1977 (averaged by week), 1979 and 1980 (DDMI - data)

2 3 -0 - 7.a > «tatten -01 0 - 11.3 • atatlon BB4 0 - ia.O • atation 'SBB sa - — — . — — — - . - o - 41.0 • itatitin M

(48)

I

o.aiB- o.oio- o.oos- o.ooo O . O O B o.ooo - -o.oio- -O.OIB- -O.OM- o.oa-' , , , . l | . l . r | Mll | H . . | M M | l . | . | | . . .M tl l l I ) I • l H < 1 > . | H . I f' o A a ia ia ao ** au sa at *o ** *a sa 1078-1077 -0.08-sa 1073-1077 0.016-0.01CH o.oos-0.000^ -O. -0.OlO- -0.020-o 4 0 ia IE ao «4 sa sa SB 40 44 1078

1

0.08- 0,04-; 0,00- -0.01- -o.oa- -o.o»- -0.04- -O.08-O 4 8 13 i.6 80 Ï 4 SS 33 1879 40 44 48

I

0.01B- 0,010- O.OOB-o.o -o.ooo- -O.01O- -0.010- -o.oao-o 4 • ia t» a-o.oao-o 34 a« Ba s e j -o.oao-o +4 -tl ea 1M0

Figure 4.5; PO,-gradients

in mg P/l.m

I

o.oa- o.ot- -O.Oi- -0.0*- -o.o*- -0.00-O 4 -5B-<9-1M0

Figure 4.6; ammonium gradients

in mg N/l,m

Gradients between upper waterlayer and waterlayer one meter above botCora,

in 1972 - 1977 (avaraged by week), 1979 and 1980 (DDMI - data)

2

-ï i WMI^^ -mm*» J^^^—I ^ ^ a ^ ^

o - 7,a • *t«tt«i «t o - i t . a • •tattsn «04 o • la.a • itstiim tee o - aa.o • rtition ga O - 41,0 • atatlan et

(49)

o,oao-| E Dl B l ! IS ÏO 84 28 33 38 40 44 48 5S 0.01B-•5. -0,018-i -a.osoH -0.0484 -o.oeo-i -0,078-1 O 4 1873-1077

I

f

0.030" o.oiv 0 . -0.006- -0.010--o.oao-j o 4 0.030-. O.OIS-O.OiO» •v. 0.000-: £ o.ooo^ I -o.oog-S -o.oio-j •o.oift^

y

isw 4.

_{7: nitrate-gradients}

in mg N/l.m

o.onH o.ooo-l £, -o.oto-4 -0.080-1 -0.04*4 -0.07B-I O 4 « 13 IE S» 34 28 9a 96 40 44 48 BS 187Ï o.

I

-& -O.OKH' -O.OSO-I -0.040-t -O.OBOH -0.070-i O 4 8 ia il 30 34 M IBM 86 40 44 4S

Figure 4.8; silicon-gradients

in mg Si/l.m

Gradients

in 1972 -

between upper waterlayer and waterlayer one meter above bottom

_{1977 (averaged by week), 1979 and 1980 (DDMI - data)}

_DOZtom

_>

2 -3» ^aanpas H M ^ K ^ ^ ^ ^^«^^« 0 - 7.a • »t»tlon 81 o - tl.a • «tatlDii «S4 0 - 13,S • stitlni SBB 0 - 38,0 • station «a - - 0 - 41,0 • (tatlon «•

(50)

20Ë

-E -1*3 187a-«77 197a-1877 ao- 0- -40- -so- -100- -lao-44 4» 03

e

É -«• -16-i n 96 40 44 48 1878

j

ao0 - -ao--40^ • 60 W 60 --100-j -lao-\ -lao-\ \ \ \ \ \ i \ i *

r^

i i ( < !

I

X

i

-0 4 B 18 Ift 3-0 S4 M 98 W 4-0 44 48 BS D 4 I U M » a 4 » 1 B H 4 0 4 4 « i i a taw isM

Figure 4.9: total-manganese gradients Figure 4.10: t o t a l - i r o n gradiants

in rag Mn/m .ra ' in mg Fe/m .m

Gradients between upper waterlayer and waterlayer one meter above bottom,

in 1972 - 1977 (averaged by week), 1979 and 1980 (DDMI - data)

2 - — 0 - 7>2 • atatlon at— 0 - 11.» « «titlon U4 — O - 12,d • •tttion O M — O - 28,0 ii •tition «3 « 0 - 41.0 • •tifcion M

(51)

1

o. N = 0.27 Si - 0.02 0,0-; . 0 a,o- a.oi . o -0.0-= N =• 0.48 Si + 0.35 O.O 0.O 1.0 l . B alLtOQN (mo ai/111

S

0 , 1 -o O,B- 0.7- o.a-O . ' P a 0 . 7 1 N + 0 . 2 1

o . i o.a o.3 o.-* NlTBQeSBN (ma N/1J o , a 0.1» 0

i

1.80 l . O O - o.so-o.ao-, f P - 0,28 Si + 0.15 a.o

P = 0.42 Si + 0.11

a.o

Figure 4.11 . Fi^ure 4. 12

Station G2 and GB6 (depth 23 and 28 m.) Station G3 and GB7 (dapth 4 1 , 37 m.)

Linear regression of dissolved nutrients (DDMI d a t a ) , from 1972-1977 (week 20-28),

with 95 % confidence i n t e r v a l s .

(52)

ca ui s.sa -2.00 .. I .7S .. i . s a . . I , 2 S . . 1 . 0 0 ., B . 7 S . . a.sa •' • B . 2 5 . . 0.00 SI-0.33N-NHH+0.57 R-0,70 N«I7H

s

O. I O. a 2 . SB . 2 . 2 S . 2,aa I , 7 S , i .sa . i , 0 0 . a . 7 S . 0 . S B , 0 . 2 5 . 0 . 0 0 . 0 0 B 5 0 l -0B I . S 0 2 . 0 0 2 . S 0 3 . 0 0 3 . 5 3 H , B£) 4 . £ 0 5 . 0 0 N-NHH M G / L H»a.as 7 M a.27N-NHH . 0 0 0 . 5 0 . 1 . 0 0 I . S 0 3 . 0 0 3 , SB 3 . BB 3 . S0 H . 0 0 H . 5B S . BB N-NHH M ö / L S l •> 1 . ! 1 P - P Q H + 0 . S B R - 3 . B I N « I 7 H 0 . 0 0 0 . 2 S 0 . 5 3 0 . 7 S 1 . 0 0 I . 2 S 1 . 5 0 I . 7 S 3 , 3 0 2 . 2 S 2 Ï 0 p - P Q H M G / L Figure 4.13

Linear regression of dissolved nutrients in the anoxic hypolimnion, station G3, 19 73-1974

(53)

Ars uptake by primary produccion denitrification loading -• dissolyetl inorganic dissolved pool mineralizacion/dissolution -«•particulate (optionpllv) mineralizacion/ dissolution phytoplankeon raortality WATER 777/7 7YV/7V ff microphytobenchoa (benthic diacoms) mortalicy (mobilization) suspended detcicus nee (resuspenaion) '/ ff f 11 f f f 111frn ff rt fffAf ff f fy f f f r7 boctom detricus ff f ft

L

7 7 T 7 7 7 T

upcake by ptimary production

röfractory ail icon

Figure 5.1: Scheme of nutriënt balance calculations

-4.O- a.B- a.o- a.s- B.O- l.B- a.o- o.a- o.o-o * o.o-o ia ia ao.o-o aa aa as 40 AA 48 sa waaks Figure 5.2

'The Standard net production curve' of bottom diatoms used as input for the balance calculations, for the whole period of four years (1977-1980)

(54)

a

-I

78 1O4 13O i S 7 7 - i a e o (weeknumber) 9

-1

9 B-3

~

V

o

b) TT>'1'1 ' I I ' ' ' " ' I I • " 78 1O-4 13O 15Q 1 9 7 7 — 1 Q S O (weeknumber) 182 soa

Figure 5.3 ( DIHO phytoplankton production data)

a) Silicon balance, calibration run

b) Comparison of the calculated dissolved inorganic pool with

measure-Cnlculatad (diaaolvad)

k\\\\\\\j

Disaolved • Botton detritus Bot torn diatotns Suspendad detritus Phytoplankton

ments

Measured by DDMI (surface, 7 stations) Haasured by DIHO (surface)

(55)

7

a

-o

a)

SS 7 8 1O4 13O IBS

1877-1B9O (weeknumber)

182

_soa

4 . 5 -A . O-^ 3 . S--3 . O-^

s.s-j

O . B-^ O .O— O . B

-.4

T ' t 1O4 13O 1S8

(weeknumber)

1 8 2 SOS o sa sa 78 b) 1S77-198O

Figure 5.4 (DIHO phytoplankton production data)

a) Nitrogen balance, calibration run

b) Cotnparison of the calculated disaolved inorganic pool with

measure-ments

3 Disaolved

k\\\\\\\f

Bo

"on detricua

Botton diatoros Suapended d e t r i t u s FhytoplankCon Calculated (diasolved) Meaaurad by DD«I (aurface, 7 stations) Heaaured by DIHO (aurface)

(56)

I

2 . B -2 .o 1 .S 1 .O O . B

O 28 B 2 78 1O4 A3O ISa 162 2Oa

a) i f l 7 7 - i a a o (weeknumber) CL O» o. A — 3 -O — - 1 — 2 • 3 -2 S 5 2 * I | » 1 7 T I > I I I | 1 B 2 S O S 7B 1O-4 13O b) 1 9 7 7 - i a a o (weeknumb.er) Figure 5,5 (DIHO phytoplankton production data) a) Phosphor balance, calibration run

b) Comparison of the calculaded dissolved inorganic pool wieh rrftasurements

Diasolved | ^ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ | Bot torn de e ritus

Botton diaeoms Suapended de c r i t na Phytoplankcon Calculated (diaaolved) Measured by DDMI (surface, 7 acationa) Measured by DIHO (aurface)

(57)

I

3 ' a)

78 1O4 13O 168

1 9 7 7 - 1 O 8 O (weeknumher)

1 S S SOS

I

a -a 7 -O — 1 O S S O S O ' S S SS 79 dO4 13O 166

b) 1 9 7 7 - l O B O (weeknumber)

Figure 5.6 (phytoplankton production data DIHO (77-78) DDMI (79-80)

a) Silicon balance, c a l i b r a t i o n run

b) Coraparison of the calculated dissolved inorganic pool with

me as ure men ts

Dissolved k \ \ \ \ \ \ A l Bot:ton> decritus Bottom diatonu Suspendod datritus Phycoplankton Calculatüd (diasülvad) Maasured by DDMI (surfacu, 7 8tutions) Maasured by DIHO (surface)

(58)

! 7 -s— e

-o

a)

se

SE

7a io4 lao ise

i Q 7 7 - i s e o (weeknumber)

1 8 S 20e z ,3 1 . 4 . o . o—

o . e

-1 8 2 2OB

o se sa 7e io4 iso iss

b) 1 9 7 7 - i a s o (weeknumber)

Figure 5.7 (phytoplankCon production data DIHO (77-78) DDMI (79-80)

a) Nitrogen balance, c a l i b r a t i o n run

b) Comparison of the calculated dissolved inorganic pool with measurements

DiasoLved Botton diatoms Suspended detricus PhytoplankCon Calculated (dissolved) 4 Maasurad by DDMI (surfacc, 7 stations) . . Measured by DIHO (aurface)

(59)

1

O) 8 6 --4 — 3 — a— i -o— ••• 4 ™ — 2 -o se ss a) Silicon 7 a &Q4 13O 1 5 6 1977-18BO (weeknumber) 16S SOS • 4 — a i -o— 7e 1977-188O

o

se

b ) Nitrogen Figure 5.8

Modelresults for different timesteps (At)

13O 156 (weeknumber) 18S _soa calibration run A t ~ 1 . 0 At = 7 . 0 A t = 3 . 5 At = 0 . ! day day day day

(60)

I

«3

I

•3 3 O

-o ae sa 7e i-o<t ia-o isa

a) S i l i c o n ±a-?r-a.aeo (weeknumber)

iea aoa

a

-- * • :

7a 104 laa taa aoa

b) Nitrogen iar?-iaao (weeknumber^)

a a -a -a s a 1 i i i • • " ' i \ <• • AO4 13O i s a (weeknumber) aoa c) Phosphor Figure 5.9

Influence of imported particulate organic matter (BCN) on tnodelresulcs

calibration