Klastyczne osady dolnego werfenu (seisu) w Tatrach

72 . Plom RONIEWICZ

,gie de leu1'9 vernntts merddianaux). - Prace P.I.G. ('fia'V •. Serv. Geol. .Pol.).

· rt~ 4. WarB2lBlWa. .

1958. Tatry. iPrZlE!k!roje geologi~ przez:Pol8k:
. Wydawn. Geoil. Wa;razawa.

1&59. !ZaT:VS .~ .Tatr (OultiHIte

ar

.geology ol the .Tatra: 'M'ountainL9) •. · W: Z bada
D geoJ.ogic~ch wy
Bronanyeh· w· Tatrach i na !Podhalu, t. 5 (In:

IFrom geologiea
B 'l'E!Beai"chesi

fIi·

the 'Twa'

Mts.·

and :in' rthe Podhale Regioil:, v; 5}; - Bim. I:G.· ~Ull. In~st. ^G6Gl. Pol.) 149. 'Waraza.wa. . . . m'OKES L.' .1950.

SoIme

UllllBUal dpple marks fl"ODl the Tria.ssic a,t UtaI6;-

. J.' 'Geol., vol. 58;1110. 2.

S'IlRAA'DilN van L. M. J~ U. 1953 . .Rhythan
Bic :pattema: on D1.I!tciJ, North 'Sea bea'C'hes.-';' IGool. en Wjni'bouw, 2. .

' .. -:-' .1959. Minor i:nrUc~ll'rei
B of

srlme

recent lIttoral and nerltic sedimenlt6. -- Geol.

en Mija'bouw, iNAj 21. ' .

ZWFJ:lE}RSKr B. 1922. Kar.zel!lie lEil
|
ceg.o faklu. Czerwonych Wierchów or~~nowe

eIlernenty budowy. trrznMl (Sw- :J.e:' g&)l
gie des

monts

'Ila:tra. IJe.s" .beina dugrand pll oouche de _C
|erWone Wierchy (Mon,tagties Rtougoea) et les noo- 'V'eaux element& t~Ues c
Bu masm a'lltocb!tOO.e dE!I9·Tal(;:ra). - ~.

Wydz.

!Mat.-IPrzyr. Akad..

Um.,

W
B. 22, 2:. 3, K!J.'I8.'k6w.

THOiMiFISON W. 1937;

0rDemail

Btl..UCturesQfbeaeh.ba.l.s and dunes. -:- Bu:l:l .. GeoL

· SOc.

AtD.er.,vól. 48 •.

TURNAU-MORAWSKA: M. _li
B47a. Pl"aIkarpaty. w
[w:ietle analiipetrografic
|nych

. . 'cPraocarpathian chafn lin ligM of patrographical' ema9,y,m). -:- Ann .. tJM1OS,

~
~2.~~· . . " .

1947,b •. PeI'.lIlOtT:iaa l
dowy Tatr i' jego ~ek: : do 'br.zo.nu kryBt.alicmego

· 'tPerm!an allld Trfa.9si,c ,oontlne~facles ~ Tau-a aoo. the'il' relBJtion 'ho the crystalline mass). - l!bidem.

1948. lP
trografL!1 Ska
B o.sadowych. _Pa
DstW'. Wydawn. 'Nauk. Warszawa.

1955. Uwa,gi o 6edymen
Bacji w~rfenll tatma
Dslaiego I~:rk-lf cimeemiaLg sed.i:mentatiOll of t'be .Werfen bec
Bs in TatTa). - Rocz. ·P.T.Geol. (Ann. Soc.

Geol. Pol.), t.23. K'l"akÓ"W. .

1951. ,ZagadnieniegenetY'Cmej klQsytl1tacj'i: piaBkow-cÓ"W (!'he problem 01. ·ge-

· netic clQi.!l9l!ica:tion ol ISaDdet9nes). - A'l"ch. Miner., t.' 20.·WaioS
{awa. ^. TuRNAU-iMlo~WSKA ^{M. &} '
AYI;XKA- ^K.' 195
B ^•

.stUJdk

petrOgraficzne lIl.il.d arkoz


kw,
czalBk
 (Petrographie

lS'tudY

ol 4he arkose ol' KwaCzs.
Ba) .. _~ Rocz. iP.T.Geol.

,(Ann. SoC. oeru.IPoI.), t. 22, .'z. 4. 'K'l'akÓ"W.

UHLI~G. V. 1897. Geologie des Tatragebir.ge;s. I· Th. Einleitung u:nd stratigm,phfscher

. Tlhell. - An'Z. AlkIad. WiIsIS., math. llIat. lKl., iBd. 64.' Wien.

WES'l'ERGARD

A.

H. 19'31.1. Dip1ocraterion,·'Micmoel:1at"erion and . s00l!Jthus':&Qm the Lower Cambrian of ·Sweden. ~ Sver.

Geo1.

Unde<rs., Arebok

'25,

No. 1.

stockholm.

WÓJem:: Z. 1959. Serie wierchowe. po
Budn:iowy.ch 'Zboczy Bobrow,ca o(Hi'gh-tatTic lSel'ies in the ;SOUth &de of!Mt. Babrowiec,Wes.tem Tatra Mt:s.). - Acta GooL

lPal" 'V'Ql. 9, nr 2.

wwsz,aw.a. . .

ZAPFE H. 1958.

Die

!Fauna der Werfener Schdcbte:n vom -
lricbJsIberg Ibei' lKla.gen.furl

iIn _KII.~. -\Terh. 1GeoI1.

Bimde,s'8ll/St.,

H. 2. Wden. .

ZOUBElK V. 1930. Geoil~ ^. 9tudie .z kofeoove obla:slti subtatra!llSke a

.zon

^soused-

nfch j:iin~ ,PodJbrezoove. ,~tudeB. geologiques daJIlS la partie nord-o:uest de la' Basse Tatra). -- V~sbn. statn. aeo1.0st. CSR, r: 6. Praha.

72 'PIom RONIEWICZ

,gIe de leu1'9 vernntts merddianaux). - Piace P.I.G. ('fiav •. Serv. GeoL .Pol.).

· rt~ 4. WarB2lBlWa. .

1958. Tatry. iPrZlE!k!roje geologi~ przez:Pol8k:~. Wydawn. Geoil. Wa;razawa.

1&59. !ZBT:VS _.~ 'l'atr (OultiHIte (xf .geology of the .Tatra: 'M'ountainL9) •. · W: Z ibada6 geoJ.ogic~ch wyJronanyeh· ^W· Tatraeh i na !PIodhalu, t. 5 (In:

!From geoiogleal 'l'E!Beai"chesi

ui·

the 'Tartra'

Mts.·

and :in' the Podhale Regioil:, v; 5}; - B1Uil. I:G.· ~Ull. In~st. G6Gl. Pol.) 149. rwarazawa. . . . moDS L.· .1950. SOime UllllBUal dpple marks fl"ODl the Tria.ssic 8,t UtaI6;-

. J.' 'Geol., vol. 58;1110. 2.

S'IlRAA'DilN van L. M. J~

u.

^{1953 .} .Rhythanlic :pattema: on D1.I!tciJ, North 'Sea bea'C'hes.-';' IGool. en Wjni'bouw, 2. .

' .. -:-' .1959. Minor i:nrUc~ll'rat of

srlme

recent lIttoral and neri.tic sedimenlt6. -- Geol.

en Mija'bouw, iNA; 21. ' .

aWFJ:lE}RSKr B. 1922. Kar.zel!lie l~ll(leg.o faklu. Czerwonyeh Wierehaw or~~nowe eIlernenty budowy. trrznMl (Sw- :J.e:' g&)lQgie des

monts

'Ila:tra. IJe.s" .neine81 dugrand pli oouche de Czerwone Wierchy (Mon,tagties Rtougoea) et les nOll- 'V'eaux elements t~Ues du massif a'lltocb!tOO.e dE!I9·Tal(;:ra). - ~.

Wydz.

Mat.-¥rzyr. Akad..

Urn.,

1101. 22, 2:. 3, K!J.'I8.'k6w.

THOiMiFISON W. 1937;

0rDemail

Btl..UCturesQfbeach.ba.l.s and dunes. -:- Bull. •. Gaol

· SOc.

A.1D.er.,v()l. 48 •.

TURNAU-MORAWSKA: M. _1~47a. Pl"aIkarpaty. w Sw:ietle analiipetrograficznych . . 'cPraocarpathlan chafn !in ligM of patrographical' ema9,ysis). -:- Ann .. tJM1OS,

~~~2.~~ . . . " .

1947,b •. PeI'.lIlOtT:iaa l~Tatr i' jego ~ek: : do 'br.zo.nu kryBtalicmego

· 'fPermIan allld Trfa.9si,c ,oontlne~facles ~ TaU-a aoo. the'il' relBJtion 1lo the crystalline mass). - llbidem.

1948. ~trografL!1 Ska~ o.sadowych. PanstW'. Wydawn. 'Nauk. WarBZa.wa.

1955. Uwa,gi 0 6edymentacji _w~rfenll tatma6slaiego I~:rk-lf cimeemiaLg sedimentation of the .Werferi becis in Tatl'a). - Roc.z. ·P.T.GaoI. (Ann. Soc.

Geol. Pol.), t.23. K'l"ak6w. .

1951. ,ZagadnieniegenetY'Cmej kIQ'Sytl1taej'i! piaBkow-c6w (!'he problem of. ·ge-

· netic claul:rica:tion of ISaDdet9nes). - A'l"ch. Miner., t.· 20.·WaieW8. . TuRNAU-iMlo~WSKA ^{M. & '1.YI;XKA-}K.' 195t •

.studk

petz:o.grafioczne IIl.il.d ai-kozll

kw~czalBkll (Petrographic

19'tudY

of 4he arkose of' Kwaezala) .. ~ Rocz. iP.T.Geol.

,(Ann. SoC. oeru.lPol.), t. 22, .'z. 4. 'K'l'ak6w.

UHLI~G. V. 1897. Geologie des Tatragebir.ge;s. I· Th. Einleitung U!llId stratigmphfscher

. Tlhell. - Anoz. A!kJad. WiIss., math. llIat. lKl., Bd. 64.' Wien.

WESTERGARD

A.

H. 19'31.1. Dip1ocraterion"'Micmoel:1aterion and . s00l!Jthus':&Qm the Lower Cambrian of ·Sweden. ~ Sver.

Geo1.

Unde<rs., Arebok

'25,

No. 1.

stockholm.

W6JCllK Z. 1959. Berie wierchow:e. poludniowy.ch 'Zboczy Bobrow,ca o(m'gh-tatric lSel'ies in the ;south &de of !Mt. Babrowiec,Wes.tem Tatra Mt:s.). - Acta GooL

lPal" 'V'QI. 9, nr 2. WwspWa. . .

ZAPFE H. 1958.

Die

!Fauna der Werfener Schdcbte:n vam ~iebJsIberg Ibei'lKla.gen.furt

iIn _KII.~.

-Verh-.

1GeoI1.

Bimde,s'8ll/St.,

H. 2. Wden. .

ZOUBElK V. 1930. Geoil~ ^. situdie .z kofeoove obla:slti subtatra!llSke a .2lO11 soused- nfch j:iin~ ,PodJbrezoove. ,~tudeB. geologiques daJIlS la paciie nord-o:uest de la' Basse Tatra). -- V~sbn. statn. aeo1.0st. CSR, r: 6. Praha.

KLASTYCZNE .OSADY POLNEGO .WE1U'J!iNU WTATRACH 73

:P. BONm'WICZ

LOwmt WBRFENIAN (SBISIAN) eLASTlCS

J:N

THE TATRA MTS.

(Summa!ry')

ABSTRACT: The Lower W'erfenlan· (Selslian) clastiCs In <the 'fatra lilts. ·occUr Within autcichto.;.

nous and· fold. units, abo in the lOwer· slib-.tatnc €KrUna) nappe Units. Within autoehtonous·

units the Sei!dan .rests Oft. the penep!alned. Surface Of the

crystalline

massif, In one of tlie exposures it overUea the Permian c~lomerate of .. the Verrucano type. SelsIan deposits begl.b. with conglomerates or conilomeraUc sands~oriell. Pebbles. of tdliceous, volcanic and:

inllk-quutz rOcks aTe· exotic in character. They are. overlaln· by ar.l!:ose-· and quartz1tic sandBtonea ·displaying cross lJtratWcation, rl,pple marks and f1u~ In the Upper

Selsian

. Chere H a Pl'edominance of silt.:eJay deposits Jnterbedcfed b~ . ^QWU'tz· sandst~nes, In· the uPPermost part by yelloW dolomU8I. The ·occurrence

III

noted of plant

remalmi,

an4 . of Slime-eaters; mite is here the chief component" of clay rock&. Ari. iln~IYsis 9f. the directional . structures shows that ·the clastic material had been transported from 'the· north· southward.

The petrographic· cPmpositlon . eugges18. that the· material had· 'been brought. from . maSsifs built of crystalline, metamorphic and volcanic rocks wh1eh: make up the· Pn-carpathfim: massif now completely. covered by the Carpathlan J'lyscb. The sedimim.ta17 Btructures 'and the character of· the sediment, fairly uniform over'large areas. of the Central Carpath~s,·

. indicate that the· sedimentation of ,the Lower Werfenian deposits took place in a water

.. .

basiD,

mOst l1k!8IY in a ShallOW-1Iea ' environment. . .

. INTRO.DUCTION ,

'r.he IJower Werfenian (Seisian)dEipo8i!f8 :fIOrmerly knowri.aIII "lPermo-TriaJ;;sic"

(Uhllg 1897, [JmalOOWBk'f 19(3). have now, in the ~lish ;libera~, heeD re!ei'red..

to

itoo ·Wel1feritan. ·by S. 'lSokolowBk:i (1948).

'By

dJfferentiatingOmJ,pi'I:ian depCllSits which are pala~logicaJ1ly documented Md by ccmiparing. them wi·th ansJogouB sed!men~ . hom the Central cM)pathiaru! ql Slovalcia, Z.

KotaDoski

'(19156) used the .term. Seisian for theiie depClIS.its. Thue in the Tatra

iMts.

^the· tel'lID Se:i&an is used exclu~.i,'vely wllt'h rerIerence 'Ilo. the c1la9i;ic l!IiedimelnJt1gl\looetlyilngthe CamlpHi8n;

Facially these depOsits differ notably from the .Se!Ber Schj,cb~ . ^f;n the Eutern Alps-. In the eeim-al Carp8Jthians,depoSiiBof the _~iser 'Scli:icbtec'type

6ccur ..

south of the

LoWer

Tatras. . .

RELATION. OF THE SEISIAN TO THE cm,YiSTALLIINIE SU'BSTRATUlM (Wiotb!41 ,autodhlbo.n0\h9 oories (,Mt. ·1SrzeI\)ka J.a'W1Ol1"ZY1\9kll, Sk!rajl!l:a TuJrniJa 8Jlld . Z6lta Tu'l'lilia) SeisiandepositB oOCUr

.ilt

sedimentary

eonlbact

with granite of ·the crysta:ume ma.ssif. Pre-Triassic graDitewaste 6f the'\gedentary arkoee" ty:pe (Ba1J: ..

ton191~).

occurs

^{lbelow the} OOIIlItact.

Casts of

very Elinanl :.vrregtlIarlHes existting . on the 19U~08~ of ~e waste. 'lla~ at the .time. of sedimentati<mof the !l.lQ/Wer- most. ~ axe preserVed. on the UIIlderside 01 the. J.ower~ Se"isian layer~. Poioriy preserved current· IJll8.rlrs and -cla3tic dykes {oere'V'i.oos. infUled)· are among those tha·t lurve been descrl!bed{RoniewOOz 1963). Mt. Skrajna Turnoie is the. onlY-site fill the Tatras where fragments of gramibe irom the wbstraJtum have ,been found in arkose sandetonee of the lowermast Seisian.

Throughout the Taltra Mts. the oonteoCt SlH'face; is flat ,In result of .strong pre-'rri'lllSL'rie peneplenation of the ;Whole area. Reli.cs oftihe ;pen.ep!lalin are seen best on the nortI;hern slopes of Mt. Z6llta Turnia (pI. n). The pre-Trlassie pe.nepl'8m tln"'he MaBsfl Of Belleclmne (GigboUx & Moret 1952} i6 ~ly preserved. .. .

The

OOrutad Bll1'faee is. cut· by

a

nUmber· of faultS whkh ~hift . either

the

SemI!,

with> the .granite BU'bstratum or only the

Selsian

in

re1atic!\r.! •.

~ 1~~'l\up!

stratum. Such diBt\1'l'baawes are ~ble for the ilocal teclon.'ic contacts of the

SelSJ.an

With 'the

subolPtratum:

The ..

PeJ1l

_~.~

. ....

acQeSSi!1;rl~

.w.iJthi!ll ..

~ ' aiJ1l\JC'~~ series.

Observa:tiona ttesultmg ,fn tbe plotting of pIOff1es. o(~-figs. 1-7) bavebeen made in ootllotre

Or

^{OD. riJdge.9} where the __ t ~ete ~es may be reached.

In hfrgh-ta!tric DQll-e.ut.ocbUooouoa eeries (i.e~ ·'

tOlded

ooeS)' the only- satistactwy Sej,st8Jn. eXlJi)OSm"e OCCUlW 'W'i-thin ·(the folod _{~ .of} Mt.' Giew.ant. Wi-thindhe.iower subtatzOO nappe there are some: good outcrops :1In' the • Ja:worZyn~

.vaney·

^oIihd

'm:

^the

Bi~

Tatnt !M:t8.. . ' . '

·The

MloW:ing.

_~ of iQeds'.

may

^be' d&lt:iJti.guiB~ ^'in ·t~ I,JQwer.WeTleman;

'A, SeidimeDfBunderIiing

the

oantinuous':oontliOlnerate bo.l1l:zon

on.l.Y.witIlao

80Iine 'ouif;crops~ .They ·~t

a

dJHerentiated eedimentaryenWronment;·

.9 •. A ~

.of

1bedB~,"g 'Wi~ a 2. m ... :thiclt _~yei of .(longlomerat.e

tmL

.is

~ dlstinclly &tratHied.

'l'lM

.Ul· QVerlf,dn' by if;hf..ck-bedded· q~tic ~~ ~ arlro!e ~1lB. ^lin ~e.& ^of Mt. :t6lta Tuornili and of ~ta (centralpa~

of the Ta~ '1!he e.rlrose ~ He iElSlS'S !frequent thian in the eastern or ·weiSltern

~glns of ~

Tatra:M:t& . . . .

C.' Quel"tZitic' sali~ ,'With JnOC1erately' 4'l*1t .be.drs sh()IWd.ng. c~'IS'I;1'ati­

fication, asumier dif:lem 2, the stt~aee ^{of beds'} is·.often unE!'V€!1l owin·g

.to·

~oPo

.

. ID.' Qual'tzitic, more. tbiJ::Uy bedded sandsWnes, les& o:fiten. cross strati&d,

int~ by argilla~ sandstones and ~le.s in greater amounof:s. than the lower sets. Cal"bonf.zed plalllt remaiono$ _are'~l:r encountered :in the ~e o:f this set.

E.

A

rOOk.

:set where' quarl:i3tic sandst.ones groW

BUbOIdmate

'"':wbBe

day

sandBtones, mudstones and clay shales beooi:nt!. predoniInant~ Organic .ble.iOglypbll are faidy f1'equeDt. lFaciaJay, ,both :tlris.

and

^thelDeXt

set

^{approach the} "Werfener Sehichten"

as

^i.s

oomenrtly

^accepted

.bY

SlovakialIigeologflsiB (.ADc:1.TwK>v 19591. .'

F. Clay' and' .mud.9t<me rOcksdotnmate.· here, but yellow

rdolOmi.te

dnter-

ealatioos and carbonate maJtrix ti:D Baildstones are ·alSo pr~ent. Obvio. aU the' a100ve dllferentIated .sets ·verypadually ;pasa onemto the" other withatiof: Atriot' boundarieiS.

Sets A!-t)

cOOsist . of · roc.k.B

moat. Te8istaont· to elosion aDd. lformlng . ':very . cha'l"aeterilStic ro$1ets aruir.idges. All the major ,passes' wLthfu . the 'ouWMp area Of the hlgh-taJtl"jc .series Occur .in BetS E-F,

LITHOLOGY Conglomemtes

. . .

Oonglomera~e$ or C<mgl<lmer~tic

·sancIStOnes

are. enoountered. . ill 'tne .~

of the Seisian !~C'OIlnIpa.rethe ^promles) ~ 1Il'&' ~hIin iIllter:caw.tio.Q$ 141.ltI:Ile top

Part.B

of sandstc:me leyers, ~rt l00nta~B ' a . representative' illU6trat.ion of the compo- sition of tl)e <lOIlgl~:raJte&. ' ^.

Components

of the conglomerates

Milk qUaTtzes 'are the cMef cans1Jituent. InclusiaM of musoovlte, apaJtite and zirOOlll are obseI'Wllble'

i!J. .

thin .

sections.

~me pebble.<!·are· cut .byferni~nou.s

veinlet.t. ·AJli the qua'l'bz pebblesue

'bette1'

~ed ·th8lll the othe1' <.'OllSMtueli.!f:s~

V'Olea,nic'iook& -

mainlY

rhYolite8 and· ~rachi~.Tbe (dl,.~lUes.= are: pin'k:~

.

-oo~; ^pl. 'IX, f~. · a~ ~ ''tlie'' be~I(iil8!l :·

qUar1bz:

c~ . and :tne .t~y

15 deoom:Posed. eI'Y'.·lB of _{~rtbei "contain~ ~'Acld '} iJl8ilioola~ 1aIl'e . .eneountenld· side rockmaa9iiai

'bi

8'ide

bOth':typeS

' ~hK-{f~

01

pebbl~ ; .. ~ OOiiBla'tBot

or·

'fine~iIle b~ '

ha.wa:

qua~ 'greentsh

. .

Cerla:ia:t tilDt. _~c': The iu~inIctiOate

tblliJt

~teir On tit !that

rMlS

~ltially ~zed; t~ · matriX ·The 'mll'tNx of some i;OOb.' i$ _~wu at_{. ~} 'a' :g4iaiy, Irillclfted • rtextt1l'&.;.ami .

. _~tic

.rodIat . cPL

^"lIX,

. fi8it;

1...;2). Angular :quarl.z': grahle. alidetron'glly

deoompcised ' f~':m ,~ 'snong

the

~ ~ ~'ol ,qtJ8.rl2:a.nd

ebatceidany. _Fi'a~ Of

tu:WteS.

sim&rlv.fl.!l mM." _{nebbloU. ~} "'l'I'! alw&YB'.a'brougllv' , eili~lfled~ ,·

. ,'madt .Siiliceoue ,rocks. ,'TbeBe

.are .

fragmentos ·eOd. ,pebbles' .witJl '.quarlzitf.c or line-cryBballi.ne tenure

CPl.

VII, fig. 2);

iD.

It.he lQt~ C81geqwtz and chaleedo,ny are present. Their black ~titOIl 16 due to grapbite oadmixtUre (pl VII, fig. 3) which agglomerate _either ~.lamil3aEl

· or

M ~ Jpl., viI, figa-, 1-:-:-3)~ ·!J;!h.e ·~pJllte rods ,may

rePresent'

some orlanlc ·remains. The ~-ck (.'Q}OI1To8.rtkJo, m8G" also be _{due '} to dLspersed pyrlte. ,tSuiall oamounts O!'scaile 'lDineralB wh'Cle& _p~rtiea :a:Dmou~h'

those: of ·sem.'icite 8ire. OCca&kmil'liIy "iooDd.. .

!Red (jesper)'

am

green. B:I!lloeOusrOcu mic~<l8lly resemble !the black.

rocks. Their, red oolouration is due If.o aron oXides .. The tblaekend _greeniBh~

. siliceous lrOCksooritaill poOrly preserved sPao;ge-spicule-aiike iltrud;u1:'e8" lIIragments of i'ed-coloured quaortzliUc saDdsbone9 and baInded chert& (pI. V, fig. 3} are enoOun-:- tered in _~he OOIlglometate& tomether' Wl'lth the _~ named .rock

types.

A fragment

of

oSIiMclfied wood 'WaS. aIlso :round by" K. EIior%& ,(1958).

The 'eIJaraoter

am

coriip.osi.j;,ioJi of the congiomerates Buggeet the ~g

<lOilclwlilc:m6: . .

1. The material of the _~atea Is eXotic in GrigJin w'hlle _{~ . ~WIll. .} fram the Tatra Mt& aJre absent. The oompo!nents

at

the OOIIlglomen.:te are resistant·

to the fac'bors of tralbSpor.tatron. .

2. The p.res.ence of oOQIlglomera tea' in the bottom of the WerleBIan sugg,e,sbS .an muila!ti<lll in'Cl'EiaBe 'of iJn fre.gmenl!;s rtbe.:tranBport energy and. pebbles .near a1. thetM .stir.face . oogillJ!l:ng of of iSledimentatiOh. The accu-~ ^layers in the

Uppeir &i1sio8n :l.ltIIdi<:atbes ibat ltiheit fonXIation

waS

due to OI.iI;wuhlll1g of .the sediment by. weak cU'rrents w'bich ca'l1ied. 8'Wa;y 'sandy' material and i1e!t .. oo the . .itpot only

the ICOIBriI:er ooe. "

3. The liltboilogioal _~~ian' of Pe4;>bls and _tfra~w B.IlOWB that 'W:iJthin ,the sedimentary '1'OOk.s.'source area of . the claStic' material there were acid ' ma.~tic, volcanic, and

SandsWn.eB

The 101lowill1gtypes _ma~ !be dis'tinguiBhed 'in the san&~:

Arlmre sandstane.s:. These are quartz eand&ton.es 'W!!th an: up -to 19 per -cent content of K-feJ.spam ·(C'hatrt 2, 1-.3). In M. Tumau~ora.wska'B . ~l~f~

diagram It.hey are placed IiII1 the ma·rgm

ot

the 'l8ll"kQse satl!dsinne area, They dlspla¥

a haphuaro, texttiLt"e •. : Two II'a3n h"actdQll8 _a~e ofien eticoUDtered: laa:ger !better rounded gra·ins iand smaller more .angUIa.r o~s .whioeh fm in ibherBpaces ·between the large _~ 1(aJO.. X,

:ig.,

1).' Some specimens show. panrllel.&I;ra:Ufkaibion·.· Yrhe potas.sd.um felsparoSl valry· in the.' degiee' of -ideoompQS'itioil. The' 8mount. of iSc:a1e mmera~ of the eexlLcite tme· ilncreaaes

in ·

^{the .} i'Ot'k '!When. !the ~ are more' d~ .. Aa:kose BaIIldBtones Occur "inthe lower. p8!t1 of· 'tibe' Selsian; _{~ '.are}

lntetib~ ·'wi'tlhqu'llirtzirtic _~ of. _~r Il'e&JISIt.anee than they arej' as ,it

;rpay lbe'seen in :tbeIIr'mdI:rPbology (text-ilg. 2),"

. ',QUa~ti'c 7 saDdStOOeIJ;: _T.bese 'are ,the tocka occurring. 'IlD.BreQItIeSIt, . amoun:ts

'16 PlO'l'R BONIEWICZ'

Ul the

5eWim.

QUarttz !Is thei.r· cbief OOIIiiponent I~eomp.- 4---8 in char!t. 2). The selection of grUi .sloze lie DOt

lSO 'eood

in' the Lower Setisian' as-'in the Upper 8eisian, bl4 sW it ,is ..

beIUer

than in the 8'1'kOse ~ '. Subordioate 8iIDOUnt.& of B;-flelstpa:rs OOOUlr ibIeside qUarbZ, a'Cid ,p11aogioclases .belng Pl'EIgentlntbe fiJne..grajned

..

~

Of

t~

'Upper

^{;geI;i8n. ·The ·silWeous fDlitrtx is} rec~ a1'OU!Dd: !the

quart.z glatns.

In . ttbe brown V'arieti~

tlW original gram

ou1ilmes are" dl:scerJ;j.ible owing

to

rbhe 'lferrugiJnOuB '!l'imII. In the light va·rietie.s. the gram outllnea ~h fn·plraIca9 ~ stzul.ger ·~tiOD. ^The ~'t~ .textUn:!&

were. ^toIrmed

^both

' by 'Way

at

~aUdJzatlim of silica ISUipplded ~ Out&ide I8!lId by a~tian.·

. Quart.mti<: iS8Indstonee,

ea

'the mast .rEsist8Zl.t We11fen¥ rocks, fiOrm fjJuffy rodclebs

. typi(:al fQr the Tatric landsCa,pe. . '

Quartz sandStones 10ith dall or. cfay-ferrugimu,s 1'ltIdIt'rU

Their. _~~:Ls shown 1in ItemS 9-11 of el.tert . .2. !BeSide quaIl# they OOIltabl . K-fe~B '

8nd .

addplagloclases.

'I'be

ferruginous varietiee'are red-(.'I()o

. ioured, the. clay vanieties

are

grey ~. ~tsh. ^{Certain amOtmts} of m'WlQOvlte

are

preseri't

. m

ttbe line-gramed 'valrietieis.··

SilfsroneB

sU1;ettQnes ooeur tin the ullJpelimost Seleian. AinQng them may be' difierentlated ..

qua:t'tz _~ ellbbe'r

IWith

clay or car:baDate

ma-tr.lx • .

Berrlde qua1'U !!;hey ~ln equal amounts Of K-fe'Lspilr.9 and plagioclase. The I!dl!tstQne.s aooe>mpmY .~e.s

with a day mattix and they grade one lnto the dt:ber. . . Clay rocks

These 'are clay sbaaes of a red, les.iI often .green. colour.

ThEy ue

^{the main}

rook oomponent in the. u:ppermOBt .

Beisian

but beginnIDg from the bottom canglo-

·m.erates they' may

also

^·be enooU!Dltered' as tlrln mtercala'tioo.s ~ The chemiCal and DTA a:nalyBes (fig.

e

am:' chiarlt

3)

^show ilh"'te aB the main oomponent Of these.

rock.s-:

SEDIMllilN71lA.RY S'l'RtJO'l1U'lmS

Cr0&9' .

Btra1lifiea!Han.

Thls _~pe of Btratificat.i<m OCCIH'S m<l6t 1'requEmtbly in thick-bedded quart.ziJtic 6BllIdsIton.e.s (Jf the Lower SeiBiari, aleD tin arkOse B.a.l1Idetxmes, cbiy sa'lld.!ltooes· aJIIId mudsboiles. The :C1asBi'fi.oation of s11ra.tlfioattloo :Is based. on geometoriam ehai1aclm and, Iin the 1IllIIrin, it fol:lOWlS that Qf E, D. Mox:ee' & C.

w . . '

Weiir (1953).

PZa.nci,. cross stmti£fI<:otion

ThLs _ty~ Of' Bttiamioati<llll.·

occurs

w~ . l.ight _qUMb:i~ aanderones. The sets qf Cl'<IISS Btrata a·re oU!P·to $ em. ~ thiC':Ime89. 'l'wto t)'Ipeis'may be d~ed

on :the I8hape Of the.crc.sB laminae. OneiBthe ttangettJ.tial itype (pI. XI, :Dig. 2) in which the 'lamhlae tangen.ttally .reach tthe !lower

set

wlrlle' the top set is eroslonallytrUlllcated. The other !type .is . leas ·oommon end usally grades into the .. fi4'Bt one. OomP:Jex straiufi'Catioo • ala<> enooilntered. A number of v8rlou&1y Ol'fieDted .

sets,

BepM'ateci by erosioo iSUrfaces.

are

^~ o.ne on ithe other <pl. Xl,fig. 2)~

Therwhole Bet·of CrosB strata Iflil1sln a 'brOaJd 'groove :whicll btii,ng,s this type of' .tratificartion dlGSel' to !the 1rough. Cl'OBB

abl'atitfoatioo.·

No tditferencee

are,

how~r, .

KLASTYCZNE OSADY OOLNEGO WEBI'ENU, W TA.TRACK 77 obserVable oon-cern.ing the ~y:pe 01 iSlBdiment wiothin .seta of dross

_ta

^{or fu} ;re1a;t.ion to tUle ,underlying

'beds.

^The whOle structure probably came Into ex;f.sl;,ence _~r quiekly as the effect of oB' eurrentvarymg in diJ:ectti;on. Tills BtTadli!ftoca'bioo

iiB

referred to .by the writer .as polydkecticmal.

Tf10Ugh cros8' 8'twuttftcation,

&1'aWicatiOn 'repre8e!lltative of tttiis

tyPe

is obgervable .In the lOwer ,pa'l'!t.,of the SeiSllan: OD. , M~ 'Z6& TUriria. On tbe'surfa.Oeof l~.s , of light quartzittie _~'IlId­

lrilanell one can see there elongated .grooveslWh:ich a're titled ,iln:iby mfOISBI-betc1ded _a~

lSand6bone. The sets of eroas, sbmta, seen from tbe :top have a fan~ilkeo Bbapeo,in cross section thley alre wedge-Like or Ilentiocula'l". 'Smaller dimenaioos of the cross sets are .& cbara,deriSUc' ~ure of the upPer par.t of the Sei.&i9n.

Structu1"e8 due :to OWtwatering ~ MU

8edhn.e.nt8 '

Moo' cr:a1Cb 0CICIIr !in ifiwo ~ wi~ B~ fntelrlbeidded by $ y, ,

shales. They are ~rved

on

^the' bottom .sur'faees of .sa:ndsiIone ]a,.em, also on the tops'ides ,(jf sflt.9flonee '(Rlon'1ewicz 1965, p'l: x!xJ.li~ lig. 1): other

tc:nms

ihalve, ,alro been found (op. elt-, plo XXIPI, :e!g. 1) whose orLgin may on t~ base of laIborattor,y inveatigations ·be' referred to cracb reWiOrked owing to a &ubsequent m'W'ait.erlng atter deasicatfon,' p11i« to the' ,depOsition of

sediment

on ,the dried 'up ,:urlace.

" UI!)Idel"Water S'1U1'ltPS He o'bservablefin mUldstone-day _~en .. tIS

or

iUle Upper'

'SeisJen !(plo

xx,

~. 1) • .Anellogo1.W is'tructurr~ bave ,been nQted by ,the WNler :in the Upper SellSia.n of So1.JIthernSlovakia and thus such Slt:ruotures are widely oS'prea,d.

Orga1lJfc

tTuces

aM ~!lPhs

argaimc t1'l8.00B discernible ,on the IUrface of bed.t, alao org.a!Jltilc

lrleroiin>hs

pregerved 100 iI:he lower ISII.IIl'!ace of, bed8 ba'W Ibeen le1!t, by ~tteril.Thi.s

type

of structuores is enOOU/ll'lmed :!il variOUlS SE!'1Bian hori'ZXmB, a[waya 'hi cloee proximity 'of 'beds wiith C8l"boniM plant remains. The ~ cha'l'at:teriBWlc' BfIt'uoctU'1"e.9' are "

tbo6e at the !ty.pe of MonoCraterifOn sp. (W~rgtid 1931) wbicb reeemb1e IM. itenta·

culatum described by ToreU :h'om the eam,brJan of Swed.en. A more dhtafded a-ooount of Hos cha·ra-cteristioa,camliOt 'be ~pted owinc !to the \bad

sta.te

^of pre- servation, h:m<ie only t~ generllC name is here sta'ti!d. ,

The <lIrga:nic hleroe1ypbs are pre.servedas thtreguliar elon-pted rolls dett.eQtable

OD ,the lower surtftace of tbe layer .(pI. XVII and

XIx.

fig. 2}.

Int~

of

diTecoPionIal Btructu.rea,

, !Ilirecti<JoSa. ,atlrucl.ures IlUch aB Cl"QSII BtratificatioD, asymmetric ripples and fluteS were 'lJBefull in the plotting of

transport lCii.reci:oon

diaCrams (fi;g. &). The tnm&.9por.t .fQndwed

a

-n~h ddxectflon whiCh .ool:nICides iwliJth' the eal"liel' mvestrgationB ,by So DitWy'1Vkl & B,. Gtadzil'lBkri (1960-).

A

devllatiOn from the S.;,N trend is obse~e ill the mai'gin&l parts of thi!

TatrIr, '

.reewt'lng din. 'a eligbtly

fan:-lHte etTaIDgement. '

1B

PIOTB

l\ONIEWICZ

RfPple .maN

IRtpple marks ooour·

m

all types of Sei.s:ian d~, . the

oonglomenwtes

excepted: The~

CIOIllIIllOO'

ctype.s a·re ~trii.;C ' .ripple

marks

~

mett;;arlpple

mM'kB. The 1la11teir werein:i:titaUy symmetrIc aI,ld '!SUbsequently, Under ·chalil.ged coodi:"

tions of the 8'CtliOln of waves, they were .re--oriend:ed and thedor crests became rounded.

Asymmetric current Tipple

m8rks

are .relatively less fl"E,qu* Ripple rnaorb Ifrotn the upper pa'{'l;

or tbe

Selisian &re, .in the majln, ocbaTacle!-i;zed by 8IDIlEer dI~

. _ ' TQe~en-ile of ey:mmetrric ~:riWle ·ril:atb

and

~pple ma:riks l:n. querlziJt:I~

~toileS lWilth CtOSs &t:r.iltifi.clllllion& SUggests

the

· -canseCutiftly' :re.pea&g

pei.r!ods' Of current

_~. ilnterwnM' by·period.$

or

St;a,gna.1rl-'Wllt~r predominance. The

"airf.i:,us .

rt.ypeS.

Ot.

nwle IDlaM ~n~ ^{in .the}

SemJ.8:nhQ'\te

tbeiT

equlrY-aleDtB

in. ~ ~ ~ IOltber ~ti«l.s ~ of the HOly Croa9

Mte.

~ Rladwamlld & ~ 'liMio; Mbenmpi~

-

^tMc'Kee 1~;

Sboke..195O,

etc').

If. however, the set. of ripple ma-rQ from tM Seisian be coos.fdered as ~ whole tt wlll 'be ISIE!eIl

rto ddif!fer

from. >tho~e in. tb.~ juoSt clt~ depostts, Wilthdm. 'the 'l1ria,s,s.lc of Moenlropi there loll 8'predom1n8nce of asymmetr1-c Ir'11>Ple

marks

which are 1E'aifihe!r

. rare

Iin. 'the·iSe'isiattL.: In the Cabibrolan:Of the

':Holy

;~ Mw, the 'ripple .mark.t appeu .~1ly: on numerous .Burfaces Of layers in .sbort .. ~ Of fbe .P1'Ofilei.

In .itbe .seisi.anrl!PP~~ces . Oflay'er-'l are Il'arer; .~r. the. 'n'qmel'doal raJtio of the :type Of.:ripple marka.as well

.as

the set of ot~l'::.sedi4nen'ta;ryisWuetures

~. With dpple ma,rkB, differ; ;too. The Sei.s-iallJ. am the ~nter from the Haly 'Cro!!B Mt& BIbo\v .the oloseSt l"t!i!IIE!mbl'M1ce, though: dn" the Seilrian: (!;:he l'd.:PPle IIDIIlrb aTe ~ser and :I'n a poorer

state

Of ~aJtiiOn. Ail. analy.ais of :the ripple marks al<JIle .&bowa that no romplete 8IIla1oele& 'exist

'between

the aboVe mentioned

sedlmen.ta.ry baslmr. . .

Flute;'

OD the _8~ of the quartzitlc saJlldsljooe layers on: M'l Z61tQ Tumia

there

ate 'elGngiaJf;ed rounded Vl-Bhaped depressions. deeper iD the' narrow pad and

groWlinJ more shallow 8S 'ther ~h.: The: _~tiO/n.' ..

<it

these l!iepres&iona agrees with ·that

'll1'

Cl"QSII ~;ca.tblS'.

}liIant . r~ns

~ ~-rY ~t Mnams'OCCi1t' .:ilb.~1:~ ·lU: tbehigh·

~c ~; ...

Wl

~

m ^the

liU'Dtaitti'c'

w.erfeiNim:

whe~e 'they .'W'ete f.o~ .by

1\t;

_.t.'~ ····(1901) •. _{~ ~} bf

the

TElfnBdtiB ai'J.id It'beil'

poSition.

contOtmab..tiWfth '

the: .siUratiti~'ti$fl ~ 'c1eY'*hl!Mlies

'and

~l:aYBi1bdSiI;ones' ~atIOtllaobl1 suggeR their Tedepoaltion.

rite-

S>~e . ^of ~ '.

l.'l_

^{'1na~ in.·.it}

^{' i'iet '.}

^bf'

fIiia'lla

'~-i>lad -r'E!JJ)Ia- illKJ:ilcmes that _the~ ~e-de.~rbe!i

!in1i

BhaDBw ..

-eta: gn,ant-

~wa~r en'Vlironment. Plant .r8'mainSdisPlli)ingthis· _~- ;()f:..p~atiQQ "1'~a ' eha- l1'~cterls.tic cdmponent <Xf theWerfenian in the Eastern Alps (Zapfe 1958, Pilrkel 1961).

SEDIMENTATION OF TH!E LOWER WER!FENIAlN !(SELSIA'N)

~l$,e.U~ .. i9f _{~ .fW~~ .~pos1t8 .U1,} .. ~ .'.IJ.a~l'!i .~ ~

ell·a .. ~8!u1'fa.pe~!tl)att ~ .~ ~~-d\1,rilngt~ .~~e JleI'iod ~ ~ ~:b.:"

~toe~Jt ,w.~ · -the .~~ .of ~.~l~~~ ..

. ' ~,,: ~U!~-cmn~~~e ;.~ : "~~i~ ;.~ ;.~

..

~e~ :.~e .. :~~ ·

bar.!Izoa with exotic UlQ'berial. Among the DlO8f; chars~k .-~ - &IlIe , a.sat.

et

·KLASTYCZNE OSA1?¥ .QGfo.NEGO·WBRI'ENU W TATBACH

~l"~ ;.~e.beds ,oolllita.inmg .g'r.Imilte f~gmentil;&oom:the.ub.stratum

9l.

M.t.

~ ."l;IJmJa.

'l'\hese'lIIBD.dBInoes

display .borri:iJon~i !betdd!iIlg '{pl. XFI. fig ..

2>.

~ey .

~preBl!lDJt ^a sedimen~ that had· been· ~ over' aBhort ~ce

and

^i1ald'

d~ ~ ;.a ~aJterenVi1'011!lDent~ ~ '~~it COIIl~Wlth

:the

_{~rlydDg .~amte}

~ ~hl.ch

aB.

^residual.

nn ·

cbalna~ter~ .~ 'slmCitPbollles _l~owmgw the

ero&i<Jll of :the local ~te

waste

which bad been fed "'WiH.h@ . admi:rlur.e of

~J .~ .

material.The

.. eroiSlQll ~remcWal'

Of

_~e

ioca}

waSt~OOuld . ~~ . ^place

at.

^t~beg~lng

of

sed~tatiOn ' 'he~

.

ith~.

1DB,teriall

brougM here

:trOni

'!/lhe

nOOtb:had OOIV9Ieci rtbe !lQor,of the sEidwen'bat'Y

basin.

tin'

Mt.. ~k ^dn

the

w~ .

Tatru,

ibelowi~ oon~rate

hocl.:oon, ihere

areOOllglOOieiati-c ',croag

bedd«l

~ifj; This.set may bereg8lrded as relks·ojf

an

alllogenie gT~'V'el fielid

wllo!re qepositioo

oocurred perhaps under oonrtine.ntal

COl1J!ii- tiocJIM.

i'f S:uchgravel·.f!eldB did eXist . ,in _.~er:.~ their

material wOuld.

h-alV'e been dnCdrpOrateKi . .into the Se:iJ&i!an deposits iby m~ of erosion: and redepositioil

In

8.4ieciimentarYba&hl".'J.IllIde1"

uniliOrJD

Qo.n.d-11lkl1ns. On Mt.

Ulta Tumia;a

thin

~ot , &e-enunieslq\1~ BaIidBboneis 'UDder

lies

the oonglome~.

'rhJs

sediment

. WIIIis .'probalbIydePoeltedin

a mtl;ter Small .t!oliated ~m being fi:lled

bY' finer

·j:nalt.el"ial .. The

aboVe ex.il.mplesi9howth8~ 'the

1rifiiaI

stage&' of

sefsJan BedimentatJOO

~ w.lthlri 'tbevadous ~ '!Xf the Tatra MiIs.

The

a:rea' dl

w .. Skrajna: Tuir'nia

must

baVe ~~ ^.aIIl ~'EttIlent

iwJJI:h

~lY eXIpOSed 1XIdr'Pbo~, ¹⁹⁰ much 810

~li.a.t tbe.gran1te

W_ !Dl8teriai

was outWasbeCi'. itbe. congJQrneraticde.pooa iOO.

Mt. Ornak

have

prObabiy perslsted in 'a

more

8heltereda~. On iMt. _{~6lta 'Tu:rIIi1a} a sm.a.U ba&in waS initially. fOrmed·.'wbt<Ch .JW'~

Crad. u:aO.li ifil:Ied.

Wlt~ ' ^line ~

mafterial ':Drought bY weak currents .. Tohe . ProPer

~iIai8n

BedimentaJticm.

begfins with

~be ~

OOilgitimerMe

~;.Du.rfuglhe

isIt!ldiinentetlon

of _~ bOttam-;Oonglo-

~ . the _~.enetgy

_ id&il:ly eheCke6; u

jS l'ea9an~ BuglgeBted~the

s~

. intercaJatfaiUI

:in cOIlgIOm~

m.

the

prome

^of

^tbe

jagni~y '

cres't.

and

those Ot me..graihEid·

8tan~esoo

Ml. OMak.

The

~lclmet.ateB ^aTe

: averlam

^by'

a"

^Bet Of-"kkcise ~es '~ quart2;Vt;U:

thi~ .~es Wi~

apqi'aciic clay B'bIrle

f:n~. The'sedfmentatLob

' here'

~ .

'in'a

water' eb.vhonm~, the '~utren:ts

'Were

din~ttenti1 '

·rtlthet

~ 'Si) aj

1.6

~'Ime

1he

~ OI. - ~ .~iaat~ eJIid 'Qf' itliUIL$ km ·the

~ce'of

ia,..er& othetr sbineWbatwe8iket CUlTeuts

~te"~ie

Itor'Cl'"088

~~obf&at.io.nsw~h fi11in:eTdiiiO.n8l,~:o.n tbe · ~f8.~ rj! · ~u8rtiItie ~

i8;Vet8. The

acUv.ity-·

oi the -cm.ren1ii

:nowevet~rdicf'not :oonitf41ue throughOut itM

~":of ~bl ~,~' ·· ~the~ .

^{'do bot}

' liisplat lbe~:ce

of any sttuOture.s

w~oiie-origib' fi9' ~era'ble-to

the-' wfuk

oCiI

ctiri·e.n1B-:,Shale inter'"

:~ia(kms 'aiid"5~~ &WeNd:;bY.· ~~eiric' · rippl~"' :~ or'~pple riJ.'altlai

'hld~ '1t~ mteriiitt'tent '~t:e:: (}f~agnil~~Watiei'en'ril'lii.iimen.~.

Loca'1:I.,. . the

basin is lfilIled

iI:i.

^U(p 100

too

water level and mud cr-adm. are iforineii.:' ~

~<*U-rei9 ^'in '8n'analo~ollS:p09iit:iOO: a~

kh6-i-n:

~'·'the'~:Frt!iich tJjm~b!:Ol- m;as':& ~ 1980). . , ... .

", .•. :

;·-i'af~·~ ~,

• .

,·~1lk)' OQe'-may ~e J.a ~ycUe supPly et ~~iiel .into the bolfuJon here oomidered, rerultlng 'iIn ;1Jhe altemation. of .a'rl«Be;.g~

sets

wtth lSets of quartZl'tiC -saDJdstoo.es (Roniewic.z 11169b).

The :uwer sals of quartzitic soandstonee are ~~~ ^Qy ~Meit lthioQImmg end more frequent presence of shale'lnterca1a~. ~ms ',~ ^1l

:general

d~

in

the lorce

of traJlll9por:t. The ~hale ^{lammae in} _~_~a~

..

I(JV~.i-l8ad bY:fr~

of shale as a rule flatly arranged. The :formatiOn of' the .shale ifra'gments was an e:flJeet of the rather. weak eroslon .'Of-the ~y deposiJt.s where the process of sylIlaereris' led . to

thE!

deveLopmeot of pOlYe<ma! parli.tiOO. .. .Aaon!g the zone of syn~ cmckt&, frqmeints o:f ;,hales 'Mn'e desm:te;r.ated and then tl'.amr.ported

1"lOTB . BONIEWICZ·

over -a small df.'IIotance to be 'buried

:in.88llldY

t4eposits. Within the.profille OIl 1MIt. iMala lWIzy&ta .se1ls of mudsrtbnes .and

&bales Present

^{aB fiat} lenSes 'Within /the sa!ndBltones are ~rvab1e. The

9IIIldstOne.a .

display

cm

sbratificatkm ordented towa:rds. the m11ldst<llrie layers.' The 09ha.le6

8nd

mUlCWones· fledimenteid in ~ . Of .sineI1a1. ~ slons wMch were ~upplied ^w1tbthe

fhl.eSt materlat Sainidr

depositS

were

~ .

laid .

down OIl the· ooide.raof theSe· depre.mon.s; .

The Bedimeritation of the uppeI1ln~ parl1S Of the ·Wet.tenianrtook place mi

sta·~an't.water env:il'OlmDenw where the role Of eurrenrIB 'Was fnaigni1icant.Oon- ditians there _fa~red the development of slfme-eatel's 8ind the deposvtion of·Bmadl· plant rema!iru;.Carbon.sedimen:ba.tiOllbe.gi:ns :in. the uppermost. _~.

ENVIRONa.I4EN~ OF THE LO~ WERFENlAiN (SEISIAN) SEDIMENTATION

OplaUoDsooncernlng the e>nv1ronmen.t in whieh setsian eedime.nta~ ItQol place were griKiually cDod.iffedWttth .the .progr.eas

Ol

geo1iOgi1Clcl mvestlgatilClD6. III 1897'V~ Uhlig

TeeaMed: all

^the ~o-II'rI:8ui-c depo.l!M.s as ma.riile .inorlgfn. :M.

Li-

.~Owaki ^{1W3), C. 1Kutni'8ll" (1913) and'

M.·

.rumau~~Wska ^{(194'1'b) 80CCepted} rthe view ·th'8.t

rtbese

are de8erIt t!J9di1neUtB .grading tmouoghtbe delJtaiC

in'iD

'.I'llfarlnetdepof1it&.

E. Passendorfer (1950) md M. Tumau-MoraWlllkai (ls55) recognilged

tha.t

t~e :L!mer Werfeoian ~ occurred in .fluvial en'VironIDen!t which paSsed m-to a ma- Il'ine ooe during the 'Upper Seislan.. K. Bor.zll {1958) and P. BonieWicz (l959b) pClI9'IIUlJa.oted tsharllOW-Ea soedi~ whfile S. Dmtyl'lslrl arid R. GtradziMlki (1960) defimnhe ~t ^II1II

'( near

Share iakEB ami

fJOOci

pJain .sedilmentati~".

It might be lnte:remne to nOte here analogies tin the deV'EOOpment of the

. Seisialll. deposlt.s within· laTle· area080t

the

^Central Ca~tllia.lna,

Eastern ·

Alpa and

FlenchAlpa. Since the ~hl"O!W!i~y . ^of these

dePosI-

^{is currently.·}.reoogn;lsed

one' can a11SO.accept <ana'liogles in. tire ~itiJans of eeidimentatiJOlll •. T~e is no

&hatp boundaa'y· m these deposl.ts ~ a change in sedimentaryeill~fQ!lmen.t

while

m

^the Upper &isiari there is evidence of IShallOw~ .sectimen~ti<Io. ^{All the} sedimentary . .aIlructun!19 descmbed from the Lower 'Wedenian fit into shallow-waJ!;er

en~'L '!tie PreOaminalll'ce· of symmetric and metarlpple markS . over cU1Tent

. ripple marks BUg.gest.s

rtha.1:

^the eIIl~ .

wee

^{that of}

stagnant we-rer

rat~

than oQf.lI1owing wa1ler. The

aa-dk:

of .e.I'IOIfional .g~·mied 'ilIl by sedimf;ll!lt indl.cates:.

the absence ·.Jiere

or

deltaic enviloo:ment or of a near-tdelta

laIid

^zone· which are··

chaftcteri'7:ed Iby

I9II.ICh :st.rUCtulres:

(comp. tPotter .1963).

Hence

.one can see·

thiit

secii1l1e!lltatim took.p1a.c.e :in a. Jarge

.bum.

The lbu.l!kof

mc!i!rect

eviden-ce ll'e8:san.aJb1y

sUaes18

18. Bhallow-sea ~t, among o1jhers· - tIIliso the

uni!.formity

of ~e . mineral ~ti(JO

or

clay·

minenaJ8

in the Lower and Upper - iUIDdoubbed:ly .mlU.'i'lle -:- Sehri'll4l.

The . terrigeoic cbaneter of the

Lower

Seisian depoeLts is a r.esult

or

violeot crupply of mater!ail

trom

the adjacent laIld.Wllth a decrease ~ illbe

tranaport

e!Dergy, most llkely due iflo ifIlocreaBIng 8e8.. treDJgreu1on, 1:he deposits gtadu'lllllJr ,pa;s.Sed mto

marine . me8.

LaborCllto", of l>V'n4mlc

· GeoZom/

. of the Wc,..w UfiUJe~

Warsawc 22, Al. ZUJi,rk!£ ! Wigurv 6 . WClrBZClwa, M41'(:h 1964 .

KLASTYCZNB OSADY DOLNBGO WEBFBNu W TATRACU" 811

OBJ~ DO PLAiNSZ I-XX

DESCRIPTION OF PLATES" I--.JOI:

PLo I

Wddok na poil6'J1WQ dolln~ wer:fenu na Zlboam 26ltej Turni

od

ISItrony do1iny Plan- szczyey. Zaznaerona granica z _~ iusk.oki w obr~e werfenu

Fot. autO'"

view "from _.paiis~ea valley

Sbow.ing

the" LGwer Werfenian mantle ^(lIl ;the slope of Mt. 261ta Tumia'; boundary oI the Werfen.ian aIld the ,granite~,as well as the fault.! 1!Il too Werfen,ian

.ate

shown Photo by theaut~

!PLo II

Woidok na pokrywQ dolnego weIifenu :n.a zboczu 261tel Turn! od stiuly Hald: GIl- 19ie:nicowej. "Na :pierw8zyIm ,pl'8tlie odSaIntiQCfa DB. 2Jboca:u" bJpatty zam'aC'llO!l'll gra- nica er: graniotem i U&koki -w werlenie. Na drugim pla:nie rwfdoCz:ne dwa' pasna

werfenu ml DUbraJWisk.ach. Z pra:wej fra '~t plaskiego .zbocza, 261tej Turn!!

Fat.' K. Gu2ik View !&un ,Hma G~endoowa Bhow~g !the [.Qw.er WertenJan mantle on the slOpe of

Mt.

2Mt.ao Tul'lllia. :rn the fore,gJrOund - the outerop& on the slope oIMt. b>pata with boimdary of the Werfeoian ~ :the granite, also Werfenlan faults. Ln the baockground- tWo lW'erleniaJn belts on DubrawiBka,. To .tlIe right fragment of

a Ifla.t slope on Mt. 26& Turn'la

"PL. HI

KOJl!takt piaskowc6w kwa'rcytyc2lDG"ch dolnego wedenu ze 'Zwietrmlym gran'item

l1Ia ~ .JalwlOnyDSl,tiej. 'Na a~u ~enu w1doozne ocUewy nier6wlllOiioi!plO-

w.1er.zchInI zwlelbrzellny QlranlltoW'ej Fot. autOT'

Contacl

or

qua~tic Lower Werfenilllllsan~stones w£1Ih grantte 'waste on the Mt.

Szeroka .JaWlOl'IZYi*a. The

ems

of iuegulallltielf ~ tMo grandte .waste V'is~le in the ,"

!bottom of the SoaIIlJdsotxme Photo by the author

PL.1V "

OdsloniQcie weI1fe:nu a:eglawego VI dolilllie .Jaworzynki ""Fat. K. _Nie~

1 .czerwone PlaskoWce kwU'cowe ⁰ apolwie te1az1stymz poJedynczymi ot~kami kwarco- wymi, a takie llDiejscami" z warst!!Wkami zlepleil.c6w. Xug6rze z8t:J,IkaJ4 w1I:kSze ziarna.

MieJscami "piaBkowce IDBji\ cbaralder aorkozowy, tOWll'l'Zyll'Zll Im wkJadkl czerwoaych lupk6w llastych. W calyQ1 zespole wldocme" 84 warstwowilnla skome W" przekroJach prostopad!ych do Jderunku transportu." 11 "piaskowce kwarcytyczne brunatne, zlew.ne, doli&'! silnle strzaskalle tworz4 strome urwlsko. Na powierzchn1acb warstw widoczne 'S4 nairomadZen1a zlaren "kwar- cowych." Granlca z 1 nier6wna, g!6wn1e" z przyczyn tektoalcmych. W praweJ c~lic1 od810- ni~cia zachowane" 84 Jawice czerwOlll"ch lupk6w llastych (le). 3 jasne piukowce, m1ejscami rozpadaj q 11~ na kanciatlte ziarna (zjewlBko pOdobne 'ak w werfen1e cboczanskim w pod~

brezowej)~ W BPllkaniaeh. d~ Iiilna minera11zacJa, telazlsta. W piaskowcach pNeWarstwienla

"zielonkawych lUpk6w llastycb, szczeg6ln1e dobrze widoczne w prawym kra6cu odslOllitt:cla (12)."

4 piaskowce liredniozlsrnJste. r6towe, ^{0 "} oddzie1nolicl cienkoplytkowej "Z blaszkami m1k1 wt- 8

· PIom RONI'I!lWICZ

dOcZJ1l'Dll na powierr;cJmJach Warstw. W)"ieJ czerwone mulome 1 lupki pl88ZCzyste.· 5 bWI' plaskowce podobne do plaskowc6w z zesporu 3. B IIZIIro-zlelonkswe. clenkowarstwowe plas-

:to~e 1 mulowce z faunll 1 ze ZMla!onyml szczlltksml fiory. 'I czerwone mulowce. silnle

Ilp4lkane. Miejsc:aml ⁰ zabarWienlu zlelonym. B blale piaUowce kWarcytyczne sUnle strza*-a- ne.. 11 czerwone mUlowce z wklad;lll8ml r6wnoziarnllltych 1 drobnoziamlstych plaskowc6w.

10 !6ltawe plaskowce, lekJto wapnlste 1 lupld p!.aszeizyste z wkladkaml t6ltych dolomit6w.

1I .i6He dolomlty.· dolomity kom6M:owe

Exposure . of the stMatric _Werf~ In JaWOl'"Q'nka willey

1 ·red 'quartz sand.stOlles With ferruginous matrix conta1l:rlng isolated quartz pebbles, locally

with cOllilomeraUc laminae. Larger grains disappear towards the top. Looally the lIBndstones are arkose in charaoter and are accompanied. by IntercalaUoilB of red c1ay shales. Throughout the set there 'are .crossstratWcaUons In secUons vertical to direction of transportation.

J brown quartzltic cQmpact sandstones. modera.tely disrUpted form steep crap. Concentrated quartz ,·radons are observable on the surface of layers. The boundary WitlJ. 'above sandstones SS lrtegular, mainly owmg to tectonic factors. Layer. ^of red clay ahales (le) are preserved in the rlCht band Of ezpQ8lU'e. 3 light sandstones, locally dlslntegr&ted Into angular graIns (IlmUarly as In the Chocz. Werfenlan from Podbrezowa). Rather strong ferruginous minerali- saUon observable within cracks. Intercalations with greenish clay shales are most readily d1scernlble in the right periphery Of the outcrop. 4 medium-grained pl.nk sandstones, display- ing thinbedded cleavage show.lng mica flakes on surface of layers: hilher UCI red sUtstones and sanely shales. 11 White aandBtones ~r ·to those in item 3, " grey-greenish, finebedded sandstones and sUtstones containing fossUs and carbonized plant remains. 'I red badly cracked sUtBtones. Locally green coloured. 8 wI11te quartJzI..Uc sandBtones strona!y dISrupted. 9·' red sUtstones with equfgranular and fine-grained saodBtOJ1le Intercalations. 10 yellowish 6lIghUy calcareous sandltpnes and sandy shales Intercalated by yeLlow do,lomites. Xl yi!llow dolomites,

cellular dolomites

PL.V

Fig. 1

IP-l'8Sklow.tec aTikJQ7nwy fJe BlNl'gu rmrlen!1l na. Slmijnej Turn! 'Z ZIa'C'hmlanymi akru-

chami granltu. ~ :z

1POCR0'ila

w.n.

Fat. autor Arkoae ~ of the Lower iWerfen.J.an -with :fragments of granite !from the

bottom, Mt. Skraj:na T!Jmia . nat. size

Phot. by the autho1- Fig. 2

Fra~t zIeple6ea' ze I&iINlIU werlenu na Tamenowej. Wfdoczne .slabo 'ZIlmaezooe

wamtwowani~ r6W1D101egle ' 'W..n.

Fat. autor

OOOglamerate

!fiun

bOIIbdI:n of the

t.ower

_~~fi8In.

da:i

^Mt.

Ttamamwa.

Sfma.tWcaUon

is v.i&ilble . .- ita·t. size

Photo by the author FIg. 3

Nadwtietrzala pOwier.zcoola -.zle.pienca iJe 1SP1lgu. Wei-fenu tit IMalej IKoozystej. 1W cen-

trum widoc~ ' ~h

.krze,m:ienfa-

pasiastego W.4l.

N. J. B~ .

KLASTYCZNE OSADY DOLNEGO WERFENU W TATRACH 83

Bottom conglomer~ BIlrface, .somewbaJtweathered, loom Mt .. Mala, Koo:zy.s.ta.

A handed clJ.erII; fragmentt. ell; CleIDIter oot. sl'7le

PL. VI Fig. 1

xak.2{) Nikole SikI7;yilDwane Fra,gment o.f VIOlcanic rock from antds'tule in Mt. Z6lta Tumioa x ca. .2G Cros.sed niools

Fig. 2

FTa,gment otoc.zlib c.m:rnej akaly krzemi<mkowej z krjlsztallkaml!. pirytu. Z6Ita Tur,·

ma,

z1epienriec _~dWy , x ok. 20

lNikole _1BkTz~

li"tIIa:gmen.t of a pebble of black Silioceous rock with pyrite crystals.· Botbom ecmglome.

Il'ate :in Mt. Z6}ta Tumia .

x

^{ca. 20}

Crossed nlools Fig. ³

Fmgment otocZaka zsyliMtowanego rLoliotu oze zleptenocQ ·1So~'gowego z grani Jag·

ni~go x ok. 7

FmgmeUt 'CIf a 1S'i'li'Ci1lied rhydlite :pel:ible !from

'battom

cong:!JOmerate

Ja;gni~y

IPL. VII Fig. 1

in ICrest

x ca. ,7

Skupienia grafitOwe, w czamym oboczaku 0 -struktur~ ikw,u:cy:tow:ej. Mala. Ko:-

.9ZJ'Sta x ok. 20

Swiatro iwykle .Agglomemtions of graphilte in bL8ick quartzjl;ioc ,pebble. Mt. Mam K<l6zyst;a x ca. 20

0rdJIn,a,r,r 1II.ght

Ten

^BalD preparat przy ISkr.zy'Zowem:yeh nikolach. 'WUdoc:zma-mi-uktura kwaorej-tow:a x ok. 20-

84 PlOD RONIEWICZ

. Fig .. 3

Otocza:k: SkalY krzem.ion:'kowej za'baTlwiooy subsbanejil w~gliS.t1l skupiooll W cienk.ich lammch _poci~ych iylka·md kWal"oowymi .. t;6JJta Tumia, zlePien:Iec IBil>4gowy X ok. 20

. . Swiatlo rz.wykle

Ft:1f. M. SiBfniqtkOwska Pebble of _~tic 'l'Ockooloured 'by ooaol wbsdlan,ce agglOmerated in thin lamial:ae cut by quam veinlet& Bottom oonglomerare in Mt. t;6lta Tttt·nia x ca. 20 Ordinaxy light Fig. 4

Fra·gment otoczaka, czerwonej ska~ kr.zemi.Onkowej (ja.s,P:.s) •. Widoczne wCliakanie s'i~

'Ziaren kw.a:1"OOWl"Ch W otoczak . . . x ok. 20 Nikole skrzy.iJowane Foot. M. SiemiqtJkOwska Fragment of peIbble of red·-coloured siliceous roCk {jasper) pitted by quarf;z 'graim x ca. 20 Crossed ollicoIs Fig. 5

Fragment otoczaka ZB'Y'li!:ikowanej ska~y wyleW.nej

FMgmenrt of siliclfied volcanic rock

Fig. 6 .

x ok. :zoo Nikole ekrzy1Jowane.

F-Dt. M. Siemiqtkowska x ca'. 20 Crossed nicoIs

Agrega.t chalcedonowy 'W obr~bie?Jlepie:6.ca z t;OJJtej TUrn! x ok. 20 Niko1e skrzyZowane Fot. M •. Siemiqtkowska Aggregated

chalced~

'Within the ,oongloinera.re. Bottnm conglomerate of

iMt~

t;6Ma Turnill' x ca. 20

~ nicoIs

PI.. VUI Fig. 1

Fragmelllt Illiezwietarzalego skalenia .potaBoOWego .ze· zlepienca 'spuo\vego z· t;6ltej

Turni x ok. 20

Nilrole skrzyiowane F.ot. M. SiemiqtKowska . Fragment o.f .not-weathered iK-feIspar from .the bottom oongLameralte Iin ·!Mt.· Ulta

KLASTYCZNE OSADY DOLNEGO WEBl'ENU W TATBACH

ss

Tumia x ca. .20

Fig . .2 Fragmeot otoezaka sk:a:Iy krzermiDnkowej

·ng.3

. .

Cr<lssetd nioolB

x ok. 20 Nikole skrzyZow:8lle M. Siemiqtkot.oBka x ea. 21)

Cl"OSSEd nicolB

FragDlelllt zgylifikowlanego otoozaka oska·Jy Wylewnej. W.i.docme a\l't.OIDo.rfic.zDekwar-

(le Z /WIrQ9t'kamJ: _2~a Tumlia x ok. 20

Nikole. skrzyioWaale Fat. M. Sl.emiqtkOwsok«i·

Fragment of sBicitied pebble ofrolcanic rock showing automorPhic quarizels wilth

. mclUoSlOns.

iMt. 26H:a Turnla . x ca. 20

Cl"06Sed .nf.oolB Fig. 4:

Drd:my ocuch zsy1ifikOWllalej Skaly wulkanIeZnej ze zleple6ea z U~j 'l'umi' x ok. 20 Nikole skrzyiowane Fat. M. SiemiqtkotDskci Small tmgment of Bilicified 'VOlcanic rock from ocmg!omerate din Mt. 261t:a Tumia x ca, 20 Cl'oSIsed nicols PL. IX

Fig. 1 12

Fragmenty obI>czak6W 2ISylifikowanego· tufu wulkenicznego z 26Hej TUrnl x Ok. 20 Nikole skrZYiow8l1le Fat. M. Siemiqtk.:owska Fragment (]If &l.l~cified peiN;rle of volcanic tufl. Mt. 26ltaTurn'1a x

ca.

²⁰

Crossed niools

Fig. 3

Fragment

otoozaka zs.yiiEIkowaneglO rlolitu ze zlepienca ~ego.

w

od.sloni~ciu

w

grarCrl

Jagu:i~cego · x ok. 25

NikOle skrzyiowane Fot. auto,.

86 PIO'l'R BONIEWlC2

FM'gment of .a: pebble of sIIliI.'CilNed. rhyol!iote fram ;botbam Werfend.an fOOIIlJglomeTa-re iIn

cres~ J.a.gni~cy x ca. 25

Crossed niools Photo by the author

IPL.'X Fig. 1

PlidkoWiec 'arkozowy z

mmzego

^{seisu - Oma'k:,} BanioSte. s able-nie potaBowe

, x ok. 3~ '

, Nik!ole ekrzYWw'a!Ile . Fat. M. Siemiqtkowska Sandslxme; reaem.bImg in

ita

composition an arkOse oSaIIl.dstODe - Mt.

OrnSk

am'

BaJ[iiate. 8 gra:J.ns of felspar x ea. 30

, CrOssed niools

Fig. 2

Kwarcy:tyczny :pia9I«iwiec klwareowy ~ nilZszeglo seisu, Da ,ZOitej 'Dumi., Widoome

waratWowanie rawnolegle x ok. ,20

NiIrole sktzyiJOwaru!

Fot. M. SiemiC{itkou;ska QlJartir1Jtic ISBiIl.dsbolle f'l'1om Mt. 1:61ta 'nll.'lDlila. Paml:lelbedtd.ifi.g vidUe _~ ca'. 20'

, . Coossed

niools

'Fig. 3

Quar.tzitic Io9a!!ldlitone- from Mt.

Ulta.

Tu~ia

Fig. 4'

x ok. 40 Nilrole s'krzJ'iOwlQlOO Fot. M. Sie'l11A~ska

x ca. 40 Crossed niools

DrobnoiiaTD!isty piaslroWiec 'kwaroowy

0

spOi'Wie ilaJIDtmzUl-tej TiImi . x ok. 40 , . , , Nlikole Skr.zoy;iowane 'Fot. M. Sieffl:Lqe.kow3ica Quartzsandetone with clay metrix

from.

^Mt.

^{, 1:6&}

^{Tur.nia. x <:8:. 40}

Crossed nioo1s PL. XI

WaMwow:an.ie BIWS;ne. przekllilne w ;bialych piaslrowcach lawareytye.znyc:h 1la'M,e-

lE!'j K o $ o z ) ' l l l t e j ' ,Fot. autorr