KONKURSY Konkurs fotograficzny

P rz y p o m in a m y ra z jeszcze o k o n k u rs ie fo to g ra fic z n y m ogłoszo­

nym przez P a ństw ow ą Radę O ch ro n y P rz y ro d y w n u m e ra ch: 1 oraz 2/3 czasopisma «C hrońm y p rz y ro d ę ojczystą» z r. 1945.

Ostatecżny te rm in nadsyłania fo to g ra fij u p ły w a z dniem 30 czer­

wca rb.

Konkurs Ministerstwa Leśnictwa w sprawie podziału Polski na dzielnice przyrodniczo-leśne

M in is te rs tw o L e śn ictw a (D y re k c ja Naczelna L asów P a ń stw o w ych ) rozpisała w lip c u 1945 r. k o n k u rs na o pracow anie p ro je k tó w podziału k ra ju , na dzielnice p rzyro d n iczo -le śn e i za p ro siła do u d zia łu w n im z a jm u ją c y c h się ty m zagadnieniem le ś n ik ó w i b o ta n ikó w . O pracow ania m ia ły za w ie ra ć m apę P o lski z podziałem na p ro je k to w a n e dzielnice oraz uzasadnienie p o d zia łu z opisem stosunków s ie d lis k o w y c h i d rz e w o ­ stanow ych w w y ró ż n io n y c h dzielnicach, aby m o g ły służyć za podstawę

dla p la n o w a n ia g o spodarczo-hodow lanego-ze s tro n y a d m in is tra c ji la ­ sów p a ń stw o w ych .

Z nadesłanych p ra c na g ro d zo n y został p ie rw szą nagrodą p ro je k t oznaczony godłem «Praca», którego- a utorem okazał się p ro f. d r K. S t e- c k i (Poznań), zaś zakupione zostały dw a dalsze p ro je k ty «Jodła», (d r Z. C z u b i ń s k i, P oznań) i «Modrzew» (p ro f. d r T. W ł o c z e w s k i, W arszaw a).

N ie potrzeba podkreślać, ja k podstaw ow e znaczenie d la o ch ro n y p rz y ro d y posiadać będzie uzgodnienie g o sp o d a rki leśnej w poszczegól­

n ych d zielnicach k ra ju z n a tu ra ln y m i w a ru n k a m i klim a tyczn o -g le b o - w y m i. W Polsce ja k o k r a ju z n a tu ry leśnym w y ró ż n io n o dzielnice i k ra in y p rzyro d n iczo -le śn e c h a ra k te ry z u ją tk w ią c e w n ic h m ożliw ości ro z w o jo w e , w in n y w ię c sta n o w ić podstaw ę p la n o w a n ia w sze lkie j p ro ­ d u k c ji ro ś lin n e j, toteż ogłoszenie d ru k ie m w y ró ż n io n y c h p ro je k tó w da­

ło b y cenną podstaw ę dla p la n o w a n ia przestrzennego k r a ju w ty m za­

kresie.

A. W odziczko

S P R O S T O W A N I E

P ro s tu je m y b łą d k o re k to rs k i ńa stro n ie 66 czasopisma «C hrońm y p rz y ro d ę ojczystą» r. I, n r 2/3 Z g ru d n ia 1945 r.

T y tu ł n o ta tk i «R ezerw aty leśne w Sądeczyźnie» w in ie n brzm ieć:

«R ezerw aty leśne w obrębie Pienin».

W w ie rsza ch 1/2 zam iast «W pow ie cie now osądeckim » w in n o być:

«w pow iecie n o w o ta rskim » .

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O n fhe wordly Tracks of the Protection of Animals. — By W ładysław Szafer.

T h e a u th o r, g ro u n d in g his o p in io n upon the m a te ria ls w h ic h the State C ouncil fo r the P ro te c tio p o f N a tu re in P oland has receive*} in 1939 fr o m d r H u g o S a l o m o n (Buenos A ire s ) and upon the B elgian p u b lica tio n s publish e d in 1940, presents g e n e ra lly some problem s fro m Ihe »sphere of p ro te c tio n of n a tu re and p a rtic u la rly the problem s of ra re m am m als, c h ie fly in the tro p ic a l regions. l ie discusses a lte rn a te ly these problem s in D u tc h Indies, F re n c h In d o -C h in a , Siam, Japan, C hina and in tro p ic a l A fric a .

In the second p a rt of his p aper he takes in to con sid era tio n the problem s of the e x te rm in a tio n of enorm ous num bers of anim als (m onkeys, snakes and others), e ith e r fo r the s c ie n tific aim , o r fo r the purpose of the p e rm a n e n tly v a ria b le fa sh io n in the tra d e of hides and

feathers. \

Com ing to' the end of h is a rtic k le the a u th o r entertains hope th a t m any of the num erous in te rn a tio n a l problem s of th e p ro te c tio n o f nature, w h ic h became m o re actual a fte r th is te rrib le w a r, w ill fin d in the s h o rt tim e the u n d e rsta n d in g and stro n g bases in the in s titu tio n s , w h ic h doubtlessly w ill be fo rm e d b y the O rg a n iza tio n of U n ite d N ations.

The Protection of Nature as a Science and its Necessaries. - By Adam W odziczko.

In h is p a p e r the a u th o r bespeaks the h is to ry of e vo lu tio n of the P ro te ctio n of N a tu re , He distinguishes th re e p e rio d s: f ir s t one fro m 1900—4925 the c o n s e r v a t o r y p e r i o d , second — th e b i o l o g i c a l p e r i o d and t h ir d — the p e r i o d o f p l a n n i n g , w h ic h has begun in P o la n d before the w a r and last t i l l now.

In the fir s t p e rio d it was im p o rta n t to p ro te c t re m a in in g sp e d - ' mens of n a tu re fo r th e ir ideal o r s c ie n tific value. In the second p e rio d

it was trie d to p ro te c t all the w o rld of plants and anim als (bio lo g ica l union). The most im p o rta n t subject of the th ir d p e rio d is the landscape.

N ow adays the p ro te c tio n of , n a tu re endeavours to cure the ’’sic k “ landscape and to h in d e r fro m the g reat changes in it. The a u th o r proposes a new te rm fo r this idea, n a m e ly: ’’The c u ltiv a tio n of the landscape“ o r ’’Convenient b io lo g y o f the landscape“ .

The C u ltiv a tio n of the Landscape and the P la n n in g in, Space are the greatest ideas of the actual, century. The aim of these ideas is (o reconcile tw o \Vorlds, nam ely the w o r ld of the hum a n , c iv iliz a tio n and the w o rld of the fre e nature.

U nder such circum stances the p ro te c tio n of n a tu re has occured the new independent science, nam ed by the a u th o r ’’the b io lo g y of the landscape“ .

The Protection of Nature at G reat Forest of Białowieża. - By Tadeusz Szczęsny.

th e g ie a t fo re st of B ia ło w ie ża «so im p o rta n t in the n a tu re of Poland, was d iv id e d by the d e m a rca tion lin e on tw o parts. The N a tio n a l P a rk (w ith o u t the p a rce l o f 35 h a w h ic h was taken by W h ite Russia) rem ains in the P o lish State, b u t it has lost n o w its n a tu ra l cover because the fr o n tie r ru n th ro u g h the east b o a rd of th is P a rk. In the interest of science and to u ris t m ovem ent it is necessary to rem ove the fr o n tie r fa rth e r on the east and the P o lish A u to ritie s tr y to do it.

L u r in g the w a r w ood on the stem in the P a rk had the little d e trim e n ts only, b u t the state of game, w h ic h was e xte rm in a te d ille g a l is ra th e r v e ry bad.

I t is un co m m o nly successful to note that the bisons could outlast a ll the w a r, h o w e v e r it isn ’t the m e rit of the Germ an occupants, but o n ly the h a p p y concurrence of circumstances.

U nder the "p ro te c tio n “ of Germans the h e rd o f bisons had the g reat detrim ents. F o r exam ple in 1942 three bisons died fro m diseases o r w eakening and one b u ll was shot dead. In 1943 fo u r bisons died (one cow was shot dead p ro b a b ly b y G o e r i n g ) . In c ritic a l year 1944, w hen the struggle took place at B ia ło w ie ża eleven bisons was e x te rm i­

nated. N o w at B ia ło w ie ża we have tw e n ty tw o head of bisons.

In o th e r re s e rv a tio n at B ia ło w ie ża are placed p e c u lia r'ra c e of horses: F o re st la rp a n s “ . Germans took aw ay fro m P oland 32 tarpans;

at B ia ło w ie ża re m a in n o w 15 anim als only.

In w orse conditions w e re elks, because the bree d in g of elks was d iscontinued by Germans. N o w we haven’t th e re these anim als.

A fte r the d e p a rtu re of Germans the P o lish A u th o ritie s took pains to c o rre c t a ll the consequences of w a r and the a u th o r hopes th a t little by little the damages w ill disappear in the N a tio n a l P a rk o f Białow ieża..

In this notice the a u th o r gives Us the re s u lt of his observations over the ra re species o f b ird s , w h ic h he has seen a fe w years ago in 'he N a tio n a l P a rk of P ieniny.

lie quotes such a b ird s as: W h ite T a ile d Eagle (H üliaéetus a. a lb i- eiUa L.), E uropean W h ite M arsch — H a w k (C ircus p. pygargus L.), Osprey (P a n d io n h. haliaétus *L.), M ud-hen (F ú lic a a. a tra L.), Grey box S p a rro w (M ilia ra c. ca la n dra L .) and one of the greatest r a r it y in the w o rld of b ird s : Red L in n e t (Carpodacus e. e ry th rin u s P a ll . ) .

A ll these b ird s are v e ry c h a ra c te ris tic fo r the fauna of m o u n ­ tains and it is necessary in the s h o rt tim e to take them u n d e r the ca re fu l p ro te ctio n .

Idea of the Protection of Nature is the Idea of the Social Progress. - By W łodzim ierz Marcinkowski.

M a kin g the considerations about the damages w h ic h the p riv a te to u i ist and h o te l, in d u s try has done before the w a r in p ro p o rtio n to the n a tu re and P o lis h landscape, the a u th o r expresses the o p in io n th a t idea of the p io te c tio n o f n a tu re is the idea of the. social progress.

The employees and lab o ure rs in P oland look im p a tie n tly fo r the i ealisation of the postulates of the p ro te c tio n of n a tu re and demand to create as soon as possible the N a tio n a l P a rk in T a try and to secure the p ro je c te d reservations.

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CORRESPONDENCES

H o w the P o lish Horses of the Type of ’’Forest T a rp a n “ outlasted th e W a r in the G reat F orest o f B ia ło w ie ża . — B y T. V e t u l a n i .

The Defense of Forest. — B y L. K.

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