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Badania nad wykorzystaniem eterów glikolu propylenowego jako rozpuszczalników w roztworach impregnatów stosowanych do wzmacniania polichromowanego drewna zabytkowego

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Zabytkoznawstwo i Konserwatorstwo XLIII, Toruń 2012

Kinga Szczepińska

Zakład Konserwacji Malarstwa i Rzeźby Polichromowanej Instytut Zabytkoznawstwa i Konserwatorstwa WSP UMK

Badania nad wykorzystaniem

eterów glikolu propylenowego

jako rozpuszczalników

w roztworach impregnatów

stosowanych do wzmacniania

polichromowanego drewna zabytkowego

Wstęp. Zagadnienie toksyczności impregnatów

$

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(22)

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Summary

Research on possibilities of applying propylene glycol ethers as solvents for solutions used for strengthening impregnation of polychrome antique wood

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