Clostridioides (Clostridium) difficile – skuteczne działania w kontroli zakażeń

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CLOSTRIDIOIDES CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE  SKUTECZNE DZIAŁANIA

W KONTROLI ZAKAŻEŃ

CLOSTRIDIODES CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE  EFFECTIVE INFECTION CONTROL METHODS

Szpital Bielański im. ks. Jerzego Popiełuszki SPZOZ w Warszawie,

ul. Cegłowska 80, 01-809 Warszawa, e-mail: kasiapawlik@wp.pl

Wpłynęło: 09.08.2018 Zaakceptowano: 16.08.2018 DOI: dx.doi.org/10.15374/FZ2018043

STRESZCZENIE: Zakażenie o etiologii Clostridioides diﬃcile (wcześniej należące do rodzaju

Clo-stridium) stanowi jedno z największych zagrożeń epidemicznych dla zdrowia publicznego i jest

najczęstszą przyczyną biegunek poantybiotykowych. Infekcja może przebiegać pod postacią łagodnej, samoograniczającej się biegunki oraz ciężkich, piorunujących zakażeń, ze wstrząsem i zgonem włącznie. Proﬁlaktyka CDI w zakładach opieki zdrowotnej obejmuje działania ograni-czające rozprzestrzenianie się infekcji (kontaktowe środki ostrożności, izolacja, dekontaminacja środowiska, higiena rąk) oraz kontrolę ryzyka wystąpienia zakażeń (antybiotykoterapia, środki hamujące wydzielanie soku żołądkowego). Na skuteczną kontrolę zakażeń C. diﬃcile mają rów-nież wpływ: właściwe monitorowanie, diagnostyka i terapia, a także programy edukacyjne dla personelu oraz pacjentów.

SŁOWA KLUCZOWE: biegunka poantybiotykowa, Clostridioides diﬃcile, Clostridium diﬃcile, kontrola zakażeń

ABSTRACT: Clostridioides difficile (formerly belonging to the Clostridium genus) infections pose one of the major epidemic threats for public health and are the most frequent cause of po-st-antibiotic diarrhea. Infection symptoms include both mild and self-limiting diarrhoea and severe and fulminant infection leading to septic shock and death. Prevention of C. difficile in-fections (CDI) in healthcare providing facilities involves actions limiting the spread of infection (contact precautions, isolation, decontamination of the environment and hand hygiene) and risk of infection occurrence (antibiotic therapy, antisecretory drugs). Proper monitoring, dia-gnostics and therapy, along with educational programs for both staff and patients also influ-ence efficient CDI control.

KEY WORDS: Clostridioides diﬃcile, Clostridium diﬃcile, infection control, post-antibiotic diarrhoea

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225 © Evereth Publishing, 2018

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PODSUMOWANIE

3UR¿ODNW\ND &', PXVL RSLHUDü VLĊ QD SRGHMĞFLX ZLH-ORNLHUXQNRZ\P 5]DGNR RSLV\ZDQH Vą SRMHG\QF]H LQWHU-ZHQFMH PDMąFH ZSá\Z QD RJUDQLF]HQLH UR]SU]HVWU]HQLD-QLD VLĊ Clostridioides difficile 1DMF]ĊĞFLHM ZGUDĪDQ\ MHVW ]HVWDZ SURFHGXULQWHUZHQFML NWyUH Vą SRGGDZDQH RFHQLH

: ]DOHĪQRĞFL RG V\WXDFML HSLGHPLRORJLF]QHM SRSXODFML L ZDUXQNyZ KRVSLWDOL]DFML G]LDáDQLD SUR¿ODNW\F]QH PRJą E\üGRELHUDQHLQG\ZLGXDOQLH

KONFLIKT INTERESÓW: nie zgłoszono.

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