"Is the approach of competency learning
sufficient to cover sustainable development
in the fields of Marine Technology?
Or should there be more"
Jakob Pinkster
Report 1336P
2002
Published ¡n Proceedingof the Conference
Eng. Eduscation in Sustainable Development
TUDeift, 24 & 25 October 2002
TU Deift
Faculty of Mechanical engineering and Marine TechnologyShip HydromechanicsLaboratosy
.D1ft UnivBrity uf Teihnougy1
Deift The Netherlands
5 October 2002
Sponsorodhy:
Ministryóf economic affairs
TU Deift
DeIft University of Technology, DUT
Shell Nederland B.V.
I.11
kemiis
In Deift
Delftkennisstad Akzo'NobelMA
Gemeente t:ei'ft
MunicipalityofDelft n!!! Bponsmed kv;ministry ofhousing, spatial planñiñg andtheenvironment and CITY OF ROTTERDAM
Centect
Dr.ir. Karol EMulder DeIft University of Technology
Faculty of Technology Policy & Management Technology Assessment Jaffalaan5 NL 2628 BX DeIft TheNetherlands tel. +31-15-2181043 fax. +31-15-2783177 k.f.múlder@tbm.tudelft.nl ISBN 90-5638-099-0
P
Office. Mekelweg 5 NL 2628 CCDelft The Netherlands Tel: +31-15-2188022 Fax: +31-15-2786755 Congressoffice@fd.tudelft.nl LDC.1 orIanizincnmmIt!BePro f.dr.ir. J.LM. Jansen Ors. G. Pessors-van Reouwijk Or.ir. K.F Mulder
EEE network
The conference Engineering Education inSustainable Development is organized in co-operation with the 'eee-network, partnership for a sustainable future' Brussels
http.//eeenetwork.net/main.hUnl
Scientific committee
Chair
Pro f.Or.ir JI Fokkema, Rector DeIft University of Technology
Co-Chair
Pro f.dr.ir. J.LA. Jansen, Chairman of DUT s' Sustainable.development platform Initiator Netherlands Sustainable Technological Development program
Secretarial
Dr.ir. KF. Mulder Project leader DUT s' Sustainable development program
Members
Pro f.dr. H.Brattebö, NTNU Trondheim, Norway
Pro f.dr. M.C.E. vanOam-Mieras, OpenUniversity, Heerlen, The Netherlands, President Copernicus Network Europe, Dutch Scientific Council on Government Policy (WRR)
Or. A. de Groene, Zeeland Universityof professional education, Vlissingen, The Netherlands Prof. M. Heitor lisboa, University of Technology, Portugal
Pro f.dr.ir. C.FHendriks, Civil Engineering DUT, The Netherlands Prof.dr. EC. van lerland,Wageningen University, The Netherlands Pro f.dr. N.S.Kasirnov,LomonosovMoscow State University, Moscow, Russia Prof.dr. W. Leal Riho, Hamburg Harburg University of Technology, Germany
Prof.dr. D.H. Marks,:Massachusetts lhstitute of Technology, Boston, USA Pro fir. B. Mazijn, University ofGhent, Belgium
Prof.dr.C.J.H. Midden, Eindhoven University of Technology, TheNetherlands Mrs. S. Po yry, EEE network, Brusséls, Belgium
Pro f.dr. A. Rip, University of Twente, The Netherlands
Prof dr CJ Ryan Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology Australia Lund University Sweden Pìof.dr.ESchmidt-Biee!ç President Factor lOInstitute, Carnoules, France
Pro f.dr. R.W. Scholz, ETH Zurich, Swil2erland
Pro f.dr. M. Suzuki, Uhited Nations University, Tokyo, Japan Da. PM. Weaver,Paris, France
Local honorary commitino
Chair
ir J.J. Siechte, Chair man supervisory board, Deift University of Technology
Mòmbers
ir.drs. J. van der Veer;President Royal Dutch Petroleum Company Mr.:PA.FW Elverding, CEODSM
Mr. C.J.A. van Lede, CEO AKZO-Nobel
Ms.drs. M. Beckers,Dè Bruijn,President'StichtingiNatuur en Milieu' Ors. E.H.TM. Nijpeis, Chair-man,Dutch lnitiative'Sustainable Development Dr. G.J. Wijets, Senior Vice President, The Boston Consulting Group Dr. R Winsemius,McKinsey &Cornpany
Mr.drs. LC. Brinkman, PresidentAVBB-Federation of Dutch Contractors'
Organisations
Mr HA PM PonDirector general of National Institute of Public Health and the Environment (RIVM)
Ir. J. van der V1is Director-general Environment at Ministry of Housing, Spatial Planning and Environment (VRDM} Ir. JA. Dekker, CEOTNO
Mr J.H. Schraven,.President of Confederation of Netherlands Industry andErnployers, (VNONCW) !r.drs.HiV.J. Smits, CEO Rabobank, Nedeilãnd
Dr. H.H.E Wijffeis,Chair-man,SociaIand economic council (SER) in the Netherlands
Prof dr MCE van Dam Mieras Chair Copernicus Network Europe Member Netherlands Scientific Council on Government Policy (WAR) Ir. B. vanNedérveen, President, Royal Institute of Engineers (KM)
Pro f.dr. EW Saris, Director Energy research Centra of the Nettierlands(ECN) Mr kM.C.M. van Oorschot Mayor, City of De Itt
Initials name ó-malladdrsss title paper abstr.no page no.
K. Alem ArsenicMitigationand:Social MobilisationIn
Bangla Desh
179 669
B. Amadel arnadei@spotcolorado.edu Earth SysternsEngineeflng Programlin
Engineering for DevelopIng Communities
14 65
P. Anderson andersonp@iit.edu Engineering Education for the ReaF World
EdUcating Engineers toMeet RealNeedswith Minimal Environmental Effect?
33
S. Arllnghaus Profitable envlronmenlal:managemeñt in small
andmedium enterprises (SME)
180 678
P. Amfalk peter.arnfalk@illee.lu.se From Plantto Paper and SeattoSandwlch -TechnicallmplicatIons of Product Chain
Management In Real Life
86 324
N.A. Ashford nashford@mit.edu Pathwaysto sustalnable:Industiial
transformations: CooptImislngcornpeUflveness, employment, and environment
158 582
NA. Ashford nashford@mlt.edu Major challengesto engineering education for sustainable development: Whathas to changeto
make it creative,effeôtive,.andacceptabletothe establisheddisclplines
159 592
L. Baas Interuniversity Masters curriculum Industrial
Ecology
.141 501
L. Balaseviclus leobal@eaf.ktu.lt Internet based tralnlngprogrammes,for e-Ieaming 45 184
L. Basson Decision Making forSustalnabllity - aSenibr
Chemical Engineering Course
175
Baumann henrikke.baumann@esa.chalmers.se After 10 years and 300 students - Our LCA teaching experience
163 611
L. van Book Multidisciplinary projects as leeming tool for
sustainable approaches Experienceand some crlticalassessment
2 14
A. Behnsen Profitableenvironmental managementln small
and mediumenterprlses (SME)
180 678
H. B!rhofer Embeddlng Sustáinabillty Inthe Student's.Head or i-Iow the IdeaofSustalnable Product Design can be lmplementedlnEducatlon
183 703
F.A.J. Biner birrer@liacs.nl Teaching sustalnábllltylna.worldof.subliminai
enticement
117 431
J Boos Iboes@tbni.tUdelftfll ArsenicMitlgation andiSocialìMobilisation In
BanglaDesh
179 669
iñitIais name e-maliaddress title paper. abstr.no page no.
C. Boka c.b.böks@lo.tudelft.ni Experiences with TeachlngAppiled.
Environmental Désign
12 55
Bonfim jose.bonflm@icctlmcLpt Strategies Iorintegratlngsustainabie developmentcompetenceslnengineering and natUralsclences higher edUcation:the Portuguese experience
152 565
J.A.BA.F. Bonnet j.a.b.a.f.bonnet@tnwtudelft.ni Intéliectually Responsible TeachingolSubjects with Strong Normativa Contant, Like
'Sustainabiiity',at Universities
55 218
JAB:A.F Bonnet j.a.b.a.f.bonnèt©Inw.tudélftni Sustalnablé Ehlrêpreneurshlpin Engineering Cumcula:atDeift Universityof TechnoTogy: Context, Approach, Results,and Recommendatlòns
97 351
J.A.BA.F. Bonnet ja.b.a.f.bonnet@thw.tudeift.ni Teachingsustùinabilityln a world of subliminal enticement
117 431
J.J. van der Boom integrating süètainable deveiopment in
engineering education Thecase for chemistry and chemical engineering
3 '23
S.J. Bosch An Engineering UndergraduatelGraduate Course
on Sustainable Design and Construction
106 385
S.J. Bosch Guilt Environment Sustainabiiity:'An integrated
Approachto Education, Research, and Oütreàth
110 396
SJ Bosch Sustainable Facilitles& infrastructure Training:
Approaches.Findings,. and Lessons'Learned
118. 440
C. Boyle c.boyie@aucicland>ac.nz Educating Enginéers in Sustainabiiity 84 316
D. Brandt Implementing project orientatIontowards
sustalnability in the university - the issue of systemic change
21 73
N. Biandt FromiEnvironment toSustainabiiity - The
development of educational programme at the Royallnstltuteof TechnologyinStockhoim
142 510
J. Brauweller brauweiler@ihl-zlttau.de Environmental education and international know-how-transfer betweenuniversities - results froma pilotproject in cooperation wlthGerman, Polish and Czechiunlversltles.
105 381
J.C. Brezet j.c.brazetio.tudelft.nI AnévaivatIono1.theSüstalnabllity:lmpact of100 Design for Sustalnab!!ityMSc projects.
25 89
J.C. Brezet j.c.brezet@io.tudelft.ni LCA casa studies for students: added;value for theintegrationinasüsthlhabie mindset
64 262
J Bruno Experiences learnt from the lmplementationof.the
Environmental Plan of the Technical Universityol Cataionia (1 99642001)
36 139
'P. Bryce pauib@enguts.eduau implementing acourse insustainabliitylor
engineers atUnlverslty.of Technology, Sydney: a story of negotiating:lntersectlng agenda"
28 107
M.B.G. Castro m.b.castro©ta.tudelfl.nl LCA case studies for students: added.vaiuefor the integratloninasustainabie mindset
Initials name e-fliaI!'address title paper abstr.no page no.
G Cervantes gemma.cervantes@ùpces Anewmethodoiogy for teaching Industrial
ecology
176 653
M.H. Chaudbry ovpaacvf@lnfo.com.ph An International PartnershiptoEnhanco
Sustainable DevelopmentThroughEnv!ronmentai Engineering Educationand Research In the Philippines
26 96
J.S. Clancy J.s.clancy@tdg.utwente.nl Sustainabledevelopment In a north - south perspeotive: engineering in a development context
139 494
AT. Cooper coopera@engr.sc.edu An lnternatlonalPartnershiptojEnhaflce
Sustainable Development ThroughiEnvironmental Engineering Educatlonand Research In the Philippines
26 96
R. Cörvers Use of virtual communities for educatlonIn
sustainable development
161 602
F. Crotton orcad@4sustalnablllty.com Stone walls,labyrinths, draw-bridges and side doors In the Ivory tower: Challengesand opportunities for sustainable development in higher education.
112 408
M.C.E. van Dam-Mieras Use of virtual communities for educatlonin
sustainable development
161 602
L. De Jong dejongimf©hsbrabant.nl Multidisciplinary projects as learning tool for sustalnable:approaches Experience andsorne critical assessment
2 14
G. Dervinls valtek@eaf.ktu.lt Internet basedtralnlng programmesfor e-learnlng 45 184
J.C. Diehi j.c.diehi@Io.tudeift.ni Sustainable Product Development education for industrial OeslgnEngineering students
24 80
J.C. Diehi jc.diehi@lo.tudelft.nl AnevaluationoftheSustainabllltyimpact of 100 Designlfor SustainabliltyMSc projects.
25 89
B.T. Doma ovpaacvf©info.com;ph Anintemational Partnership to Enhance
SùstalnableDevelopment Through Environmental Engineering Education and'Researchin the Philippines
26 96
C.AJ. DUlJvestein c.aJ.duijvestein@bk.tudelft.nl EducationLonsustalnabiedevelopmeflt at the Faculty of Architecture Dé!ftUniversityof Technology
173 638
M. Enzer ernzer@muk.tu-darmstadt.de Embeddlng Sustalnability Inthe Student'sHead or How the Idea of Sustainable Product Design can be lrnpièmentedlin!EducatIon
183 703
A. Esturo aesturo@sukaztl.es Sùstainabledevelopment lnthe food industry:
education experiences in SME8
177 664
D. Ferrer-Balas coord.medi.ambIent@upces Experiencesleamt from theimplementation of the Environmental Plan of the TechnlcalUnIversity of Catalonia (1996-2001)
36 139
C.v. Flora ovpaacvf@info.com.ph An International Partnership to Enhance
Sustalnable!Dovetoprnent Through Environmental Engineering Educationand Research.inthe Philippines
26 96
J.R.V. Flora ovpaacvf@lnfo.com.ph An International Partnership toEnhance Sustaináblo:Developnient Through Environmental Engineering Education:and Researchinthe Philippines
'Ihitiais name e.maiiladdress title paper abstr.no page no.
J. Frederick jlmfred@slkt.tha!mers.se Case Studies In EnvlronmentaIiySustalnabie Process Technology at Chalmers
124 450
Jw. Frouws J.w.frouws@wbmt.tudeiftnl istheapproach of competency learning sufficient to coversustainabie deveiopmentin thefields of Marine Technology or shoUld there!be;more?
151 551
V. Gerasimov The management ofsustainable development 78 283
M.M. Godinho Strategies for integratingsustainable,
development competences inengineering and natural scienceshigher education:the Portuguese experience
152 565
L. Greden Teaching and Understanding the Designof
Sustalnabie LlvellhoodslntheSpace Between
83 306
U. Gren Case StudiesinlEnvironmentally Sustainable
Process Technology at Chalmers
124 450
S. Griffith saui@medla.mit.edu, 'ThinkCycle: Developing Online Tools and
Curricula for Open Source Collaboration in Sustainable Design
188 721
J. Groene j.groene©maii.hzeeland:nl Sustainable shortseashipping A multidiscIplinary project in education in sustainable development
50 208
J. Grosskurth jagrosskurthicls.unimaas.ni LeerningforStrategies in Sustalñable Development
63 252
A.R:C. de Haan ar.c.dehaan@tbm.tudeift.nl Education in SustalnabielDeveiopment at MechanicalEngineering
7 14
M. Hadfield susan.herbertsmith.nephew.com Sustainable developnlent1trainlng& educational chaliengesfor business & universities
43 174
i. Hadjamberdlev igorho2000yahoo.com Sustainable dèvelopment course for environment engineering 'speciality in: Kyrghyzstan
40 157
W. Hafkamp Pathways to sustainable industrial
iransformations:Cooptimlslng competitiveness, employment, andenvironment
158 582
J.J. Hageman hageman.jj@hsbrabant.ni lntegratingsustáinable dévelopment in
engineeringeducation The casefor chemistry and chemical engineering
3 23
GJ. Harineen g.jharmsen©tnw.tudelft.nl Development of MSc courses sustainable (chemical) technology design
49 198
A. Heldeveid aheidevéld@sôience.uva.nl TheDuth:network'SuStainabieDevelopmentin HigherEducation'-Lessonsforthe futurein nowadays higher education
181 687
C. Hendriks Interuniversity Masterscurrlcuium industrial
Ecóiògy
141 501
Ch.F. Hendriks c.f.hendriks@ct.tudelft.n! Sustalnableuse ofmateiiaisand products, DeIft University of Technology, The Netherlands
Initials name e-maIladdress UtIepaper abstr.no page no.
M.A. Hersh m.hersh@elec.gIaac.uk Eco.Design ForAll: incorporatlngSustalnabIe and Accessible Designintothe Engineering Curriculum
67 269
K. Hillebrecht Profltableenvironmental managementlinsmali
and(mediumenterprtses(SME)
180 678
L. Hlndlyarti Case Studlesin EnvironmehtallySüstainable
ProcessTechnologyat Chalmers
124 450
B. van HoOf bvan@unlandesedu.co Effectivenessandlperspectives forreglonal
capacity building'lndeanerproduction engineéringthroUgh theùse ofintemet baséd technology
131' 470
Hoogwater d.a.hoogwater@tnw.tudelftnl SustalnablelEntrepreneurship in Engineering Cúrricúla at Delft University of Technology: Context, Approach Results, and Recommendations
97 351
G. Horvath Sustainable deválopment training &edúcational
challenges for business & universities
43 174
R. Hyde rosie.hyde@keenca How Green Is that Building? Leamlng,and
transformation in the Construction Industry
92 332
s. lhsen ihsen@vdl.de
-Implementlngiproject orientation towards sustalnabiiityln1theunlversity -thelssueof systemic change
21 73
hic v.itic@uws.edu.au Engineering Educatlonlnthenew Millenium 190 735
M. Installé lnstalle@auto.ucl.ac.be Introducing Sustainable Deve!opment Concepts IntolEngineering Curricula : SomeProposals and Implementations
42 167
WP.MF. lyons wiifned.lvens@ou.nl Lise of virtual communities for education In sustainable development
161 602
F.J.J.G. Janssen Environmental englneertngin Tanzania
-experiénces,inenvironmentaleducationfor and in develOpment countries
145 527
H. Jonsson hansj@egLkth.se Sustainable Energy EngIneering - An lnternationar
Master Degree Program
146 535
L. Juurllnk l.juuriink@chemIeidenunlv.nl' SustaInable molecular science and technology, SMST. A new academic stuctyinthe fieldof physical sciences
147 543
J.HX. Katima Environmental
engineeringiin.Tanzanla-experlencesInenvironmental education for and in developmefltcoúntrles
145 527
H. Keimpema Istheapproach of competency learning sufficient
tocove.eustathabIò;dèveiopmentihthe fields of Marine Technology or should there be more?
151 551
T. Kiba tkiba@nlra.Qò.jp A Proposal of Citizen participatory Technology
Development for Sustainable Development_-from Japanese Expedences
189 730
A.F. Kirkels a.fkirkels@tzn.tue.ni Lifecycle assessment ineducatlon-at Einhoven University of Technology
initials name emall address titiepaper abstr.no page no.
R. KIelJn intewniversity Masters curriculum IndustrIal
Ecology
141 501
J. Kiein,Woud Educatlonin SustalnableDevelopmentat
Mechanical Engineering
7 14
G. Korovaar gLkorevaar@tnw.tudelft.nj Development of MSc coúrses sustainable (chemical) technology design
49 198
G. Korevaar g:korevaar©tn*.tudelft.nl lnte!iectually Responsible Teaching of SubJects withStrongNormative..Content, Like
SustalnablliW, at Universities
55 .218
G: Korevaar g.korevaar©tnw.tudeift.nl CriticalTeachingof. industrial Ecology 56 228
M. Kranert m.kranert@fh-wolfenbuettelde Profitable environmental managementinsmall and mediumLenterprises (SME)
180 678
C.J. KrelJns Use of virtual communities for. education in
sustainable development
161 602
O. Kroesen j.o.kroesen@thm.tudelft:nI Preparation andParticipation of Students in the Arsenic Mitigation PrograminBangiadesh.
61 238
E. Kurzinger Profitableenvironmental managementln.small
andmediùmenterp,lses (SME)
180 678
JP. Kusz Engineering Education for the Real" World
Educating Engineers.to'Meet Real Needs with Minimal EnviroflmentalEffects"
5 33
B.J. van de Laar b.van.de.laar©fwn;rug:nl Communication training as a key skill for sustainable education: experiences at the University of Gronlngen, the Netherlands
95 341
G.H. Lamelis Intellectually Responsible Teaching of Subjects
with Strong NorrnativeContent,Like 'Sustalnability''at Universities
55 218
G.H. Lamerla Critical Teaching of Industrial Ecology 56 228
JJM. Leinders Use of virtual communitlesfor education in
sustainable develópment
161 602
S.M. Lemkowitz s.m.Ièmkowltz@tnw.tudelft.nl Development of MSc coursessustalnable (chemical) technology design
49 198
S.M. Lemkowitz s.m.lemkowltz@tnw,tudelftnl Intellectually Responsible Teaching of Subjects with Strong NormativeConterit,. Like
'Sustalnabiiity',at Universities
55 218
SM. Lemkowitz s.m.lemkowltz@thw.tudelft:nl Critical Teaching of Industrial Ecology 56 228
s:M. Lemkowitz s.m.lemko*ltz@tnw.tudelft.nl Teachlhg.sustainabillty inaworid of.súbllminal enticement
initiais name e-maliaddreas title papér abstr.no page flO.:
D. Loorbach d,ioorbach@icis.unimaas.ni .Societyih.techhälogy, tethnològy ¡n society transiflon-managernent and engineering
99 361
C. Lundholm ceciiia.iundhoimped.suse Learning about EnvIronmentaiIssuesin, Engineering Programmes A case studyofflrst-year clvii engineering students' coñtektüaiisatioñs ofanecoiògy course.
47 189
V. Macerauskas vaitek@eaf.ktuIt internet based training,programmes for e-!eaming 45 184
Y. MagUire yeai©mediamiLêdU ThinkCycie: DevetopingiOnhine Tòòisand
Currlcu!afor OpenSourceCo!iaborationin Sustainable Design
188 721
A. Malik Case.StudieéinEnvironrnentahiy Sustainable
Process Technology etChaimers
124 450
R. van Mansveit Assessmentand Policy development of
sustainabhiity in higher education with AiSHE
35 123.
AR. Martin Sustainable Energy Engineering. Anintematlonal
Master Degree Program
146. 535
Martlnac Sustainabie Energy Engineering - Anintemationai
Master Degree Program
146 535
P Monger The development of a:new study Sustainable
Technoiogy' in higher education
101 370
B. Miller bwnom@mit.edu Teaching and Understanding.the Design of
Sustainable Liveiihoodslinthe Space Between
83 306
N. Monroy Effectiveness and perspectives for ragionai
capacitybùhidiflg 1h cleäner production engineering through the use of intemetbased: technology
131 470
R. MUkhorJee ConceptuaiiFramework for criteriaand indicator
assessmentofSustainabie Development
182 695
S. Mukhopadhyay ibrad©giascl01.vsninet.in Conceptuai!Framework for criteria and indicator assessment of Sustainab!e Development
182 695
KF. Muider kfmulder@tbmtude!ft.ni interuniversity Masters curriculum industrIal Ecology
141 501
KF. MUider k.fmüider@tbmtudeift.ni lntegratingSüstainable Deveiopmenvinto
engineeringcourses. An oveMewandevaIuation, of experiences at the Deift University of Technology.
.143 518
D.DA. van Noort Life cyc!eassessment in education atEinhoven
University of Technology
166 617
H. vari Nunen Life cyclè'assessment in education atEinhoven
University of Technology
186 617
E.C. Obra ovpaacvf@info.com.ph An international Partnership to Enhance
Süstàinab?eDeveiôprnent Through Environmental Engineering Education andResearchin the Philippines
Initials name e-malladdress title paper abstr.no page no.
N. OlOihik The managementofsustainabledèvelopment
Orle Sustainable molecular scienceandtechnology,
SMST. A new academic study in the field of physical sciences
M.G.F. Overschle m.gJ.overschie©tbm.tudeiftnl lsthe approach of competencyleamingsufficient to cover Susthinablè:dòvelòpment n'the flelds:of Marino Technology orshould there be more?
M.G.F. Overschle m.gJoverschle©tbm.tudeifLnl Education ori sustainable deveiopmentatthe Faculty. of.ArchltectureDelft University of Technology
LE. Paula Teaching sustainability in a world of sublIminal
enticement
A. Pearce annle.pearce@gtrl.gatech.edu AnEngineering Uñdergradùâte/Graduate Course on Sustainable Design and Construction
A. Pearce annie.pearce@gtri.gatech.edu Built Environment Sustalnability: An Integrated Approachito Education, Research, andOùtreach
A.R. Pearce annie.pearce©gtrl.gatech.edu Sustainable FacilItles& infrastructure Training: Approaches, Findings, and LessonsLeamed
D.J. Peat d.j.peat@tbm.tudeift.ni integrating Sustainable Development into
engineering courses. An'överviewandìevaluation of experiences at the Deift University of Technology.
J. Petrie pelrie@chem.eng.usyd.edu.au Decision Making for Sustalnability - a Senior Chemical Engineering Coursa
J. Plnkster lathe approachofcompetency leamIngsufficient
to cover sustainable development in the fields of Marine Technology or shouidthere be more?
A.L. Porter aporter@isye.gatech.edu Impact AssessmentandSustainabiiity in
EngineeringEdùcatlon
F. Prakke Pathways to sustainable industriaF
transformations: Cooptimislng competitiveness, employment, and environment
T. Prestero t.prester@mit.edu ThlnkCycle: Developing Online Toolsand
Curricula for Open Source Collaboration in SustainableDesign
y. Qu!lllen yvon.y.quiiiien©sheii.com Sustainabie Techñology - E&P steps uptothe challenge
J. Quist jnqulsttbm.tüdelft.nF SslainabieEntrèpreneurshlp in Engineering
Curricula at DahU University of Technoiogy: ontext,,Approach, Results, and Recommendations
J. Quist Jnquisttbm.tudeift.ni Astrategic approach to radical sustainable
innovatläns:, stakehoider involvement, visioning, back-casting, learning & engineering education
C. Rammelt cframmelt@tbmtüdeift.ni ArsenioMitigation andlSoclailMobilisatlon in BanglaDesh 78 283 147 543. 151 551 173 638 117 431 106 385 110 396 118 440 143 518 175 644 151 551 38 149 158 582 188 721 34 115 97 351 171 626 179 669
Initials name emaIl address tltlepaper abstr.no page no.
J. ReedlJk SUstainable molecular scienceandtechnology
SMST. A new academic study In the fieldof physical sciences
147 543
H. Remmerswaal J.a.m.remmerswaal©iò.tudelftnl Sustainable ProductDevelopmenteducatlonfor Industrial Design Engineering students
24 80
J.A.M. Remmerswaal j.a.m.rémmerswaai@lo.tudelft.nl Successfactors Ineducation:of Lite Cycle Assessment Methodology
27 102
J.AM Remmerswaai jamíremmerswaai@lo.tudeift.nl LCA case studiesfor. students: added value for the Integration In a sustainable mindset
64 .262
H. Rllsgaard hennk@l4auc.dk Paying Students to Pay Attention - andNine other
Ways to TeachSustainable Design andLCA at AalborgUnlverslty
186 713
L. Rodlc-Wlersrna rod@ihe.nl Teaching sustainable development to students
1romlo*-lncome countries
125 457
N. Room Interuniversity Masters curriculum Industriai
Ecology
141 501
N. Roorda nroorda@planet.nl Integratlngsustalnable development in
engineering educatlonThe CIRRUS approach
1
Roorda nroorda@planelnl Assessment and:Poiicy developmentof
sustalnability In higher education with AISHE
35 123
J. Rotmana Soclety:In technology, technology in society
transition-managementand engineering
99 361.
SB. Roy ibradgiascl01.vsni.net;!n Conceptual Frameworkfor.criterlaand indicator assessment of Sustainable Development
182 695
M. RuIjgh-van der Plòeg m.p.m.vanderploeg©tbm.tudelft.ni PreparatlonandiParticipatlon of Studentstinthe Arsenic MitlgatlonProgramInBangladesh.
61 238
R. RUtkauskas valtek@eaf.ktu.lt Internet based training programmes for e-ieamlng 45 184
SaezdoBuruaga Sustainable development inthe food Industry: edUcation experiences In SME5
177 664
L. Sandberg From Environment to Sustalnability - Te
development ofeducatlonal programmeatthe Royal Inatituteof Technology in Stockholm
142 510
R Sans Experiences learnt from theimplementationof the
Environmental PIanottheTechnicallUniversity of Catatonie (19982001)
36 139
N. Sawhne nitln@medlamitedú ThinkCycle: Developing Online Tools and
Cufficula torOpenSource:Co!laboratlon in Sustainable Design
188 721
P.P.A.J van SchlJndel p.paJ.v.schijndel@tue.nl Environmental engineeflngIn Tanzania -experiences In environmental educationfor and In development countries
initials name e-mail address title paper abstr.no page no. RP.A.J van Schljndoi p.p.aJ.v.schijndeI@tue.nl Life cycle assessment ineducatlon at Einhoven
University of Technology
166 617
S. Schön schoen©ztg.tuberlin.de Co-operation managementasa Partof
EngineeringEducatlon
138 486
T. Severljn Integrating sustainable development In
enginee,lng education TheC1RRUS approach
1 4
T. SeverlJn Multidlsdplinary projects as learning tool for
sustainable approaches Experlenceandsome critical assessment
2 14
S. Silvester s.sllvester@lo.tudelft.nI. An evaluation of theSustainabiIitylmpact of-lOO Design for SustalnabllityMSc projects.
25 89
M. Simon mislmon@shu.ac.uk Life Cycle Thinking and LCAin:englneering
deslgn:education
81 298
M. Skutsch Sustainable development In a north - south
perspective: engineering In a development context
139 494
P.8. smith pib.smIth@fwn.rog.nl Sustainabllity'ls notaTechnôlogloIPrôblem 62 247
J. Spaans Sustainable Entrepreneurshlp:lnEnglneerIng
Cùñlcula at DeiftUnlversity.of Technology: Context Approach, Results, and
Recommendations
97 351
A. Stevels Experiences with Teaching Applied
EnvlronmentalDeslgn
12 55
S. Szyrnkowiak apdd2@st-etienne-metropole.com The Introduction of-Sustainable Development into SclentlflciEducatlon, Objectives-operational structure Projects
134 480
S. Szymkowlak apdd2@st-etlenne-metropole.com EnglneeringEducatlon In the new Millenlum 190 735
PG. Teeuw p.gteeuw©bk.tudelft.nl Education onsustainable developmentattha
Faculty of ArchitectureDelft University of Technology
173 638
A. Temmink Sustainable short sea shippIng A multidIscIplInary
project in education in sustàlnabledevelopment
50 208
T. ThálIb Case.Studles In Environmentally Sustainable
Procese Technology at Chalmers
124 450
Thellander Case-Studies-In: EnvIronmentally Sustainable
Process Technology atChalmers
124 450
A. Thideil aake.thidell@liiee.lti.se FromPlant to Paper and Sea to Sandwich -Technical implications of Product Chain ManagementInReal Life
86 324
Thompson lrss@igc.org Status andprospectsofsustainabieengineering
educatIon in some AmerIcan universities
Initials name e-maiiaddress titie:paper abstr.no page no.
A. Tiliman After 10 years and 300 students -OurLCA
teachingexperience
163 611
ap. TJaIiingI s.p.tjalilngi©bktudelftnI Education onsustalnable development atthe Facultyof Archltecture'Deift UnIversIty of Technology
13 638
Tugengold The management of sustaináble development 78 283
H. Udo deHaes Interuniverslty Masters cuniculum Industrial
Ecology
141 501
M. Urbanlec Envlronmental'educatlonandintematlonal know
hoW-transfer betWeenunlversltles - results froma pllôt project ln.cooperatlon wlthGerman, Polish and CzechunlversIties.
105 381t
J. Vanegas j.vanegas@aepl;army.mII AntEngineering Undergraduate/Graduate Course on SustalnabieDesign and Construction
106 385
Vanegas j.vanegas@aepi.army.mil Built Environment Sustalnabllity::An Integrated Approachto Education, Research, and Outreach
110 396
Venselaar tertso.venseiaar@planet.nl Integrating sustainable development in engineering education The CIRRUS approach
1
J. Venselaar tertso.venselaar@planet.nl Multldisdpllnary projects as learning tool for sustalnableapproaches Experienceandsome critical assessment
2 14
J. Venselaar tertso.venselaar@planet.nl Integratingsustalnable developmentin
engineering education Thecasefor. chemistryand chemlcalengineering
3 23
s. Verbeiren sara.verbelren@vitobe Awareness-raising of researchers throughthe evaluationof projects on their contribution to sustalnabiedevelopment
41 161
Ph.J. Vergragt phj.vergmgt©lotudelft.nl Pathways to sustainable industrial
transformations: Cooptlmlsingcompetitiveness, employment, and environment
158 582
C. Vezzoil carlo.vezzoli@poiimi.it Educational strategies, projects and tools for higher education improvement Inthefleldof sustaiñableproduct and service development. Italian projectsand too!s co-ordinated by the Interdepetemental ResearchCentreinlnnovation forEnvlronmental Sustalnabllity of the
Polltecnoco di Milano Univ.
115 421
E. vander Voet voet©cml.Ieldenuniv.nl interuniverslty Masters curriculum !ndustrlal Ecology
141 501
J.G. Vogtl8nder SustaInable use f materláis andiproducts, IDeIft
University of Techno!ogy The Netherlands
191 741
AM van Voorden amvanvoorden@its.tudelft.nl ¡nexample oflaboratory exerclsesÏnrenewable energy
77 278
A.M. van Voorden e.mvanvoorden@lts.ludelft.nl Lectures and iaboreto,y.exercláes in renewable energy systems
lñltlals name e-mail address titlepaper abstr.no page no.
J. Wampler Téaching andlUnderstandingtheDesgn of
Sustainable Livelihoods In the Space Between
83 306
Wehrmann c.wehrrnan@tbrntudeift.nl Sustainable EntrepreneurshipinEngineering Curricula at DeiftUniversityof Technology: Context, Approach;Resuits1 end Recommendations
:97 351
P. Wells weiispe@cardiffac.uk TowaMs aphliosophy of sustainable engineering 11 48
R. Wennersten iw@ketkth.se From EnvironrnenttoSustalnab!lity- The
deveiopment of educationai programme at,the Royailnstitute of Technoiôgy in:Stockhoim
142 510
k
Wleman The:Duth network Sustalnab!e:Development inHigher Education-Lessons for the future In nowadays higher education
181 687
JB. Woudstra wa@thnjswljk.ni The developmêntofa newstudy:Sustaiñabie
Technoiogy inhighereducation"
101 370
F.C.M. Zo!ler Thedeveiopmentofa new, study Sustainable
Technologin:higher edùcatiôn"
101 370
J. Zufia Sustainable:developrnentin:the food industry:
education experiences in SMEs
Contermce Enqnenng Edijcaton in SustanabIe Development Oeft 24.25October. 2002
001 Integrating sustainable developmentin engineering education. Theinovel CIRRUS approach, J. Venselaar, N., Roorda, T. SeverUn, Brabant University of'Professional Education,, The Netherlands 4
002 Multidisciplinary projects as learning tool forsustalnable approaches. Experience and some critical assessment, L. Dejong, L. van Beek, T. Severijn, J. Venselaar, Brabant Universityof Professional Education,
The Netherlands 14
003 IntegratIng sustainable development :fl engineering education.'The case for chemistry and chemical engineering, J.J. Hageman, J.J. van der Boom, J. Venselaar, University of Professional Education Brabant,
The Netherlands 23
005 Engineering education for the "real"world. Educatingengineers tomeetreál needs with minimal
environmental effects, Paul Anderson, 'Ph.D., Illinois Institute of Technology, John Paul Kusz, MBA, MFA,
Stuart Gradùate Schoolof'Business, USA 33
007 Education in sustainable deve!opmentatmechanical engineering. The successful.use.of projects for integration of sustainable development, I,. A.R.C. de Haan; 'Prof.ir. J Klein Woud, Deift University o!
Technology, ThoNetherlands 41
01 1 ToWards a philosophy of sustainable engineering D P Wells Cardiff'Bùsiness School1 UK . . . 48
01 2 Experiences with teaching applied environmental design. Casper Boks, Ab Stevels, Deift University o!
Technology, The Netherlands , , 55
014 Earth systems engineering program inengineering for developing communities, Bernard Amadei, Prof.,
University of Colorado, USA 65
021 'lñiplementingprojectorientation towards sustainability intheuniversity. The issue of systemicchange,
SusanneIhsen, VDI TheAssociation ofEngineers, Duesseldorf, Germany, Georg Schoeler and Dietrich
Brandt,AachenUniversityoffechnology1 Gemîanj, . ,
...
, .73024 Sustainable product development educaon for industrial design engineering students, Jan Carel Diehl MSc, DeIft University of technology, The Netherlands . . . i 80
025 An evaluationofthe sustainability impact of 10 years of design for sustainability MScprojects. Pmf. Han Brezet PhD, M.Sc., Sacha Silvester PhD, M.Sc, Jan Carel DiehlM4Sc, Delft University of Technology, The
Netherlands 89
026 An international partnership to enhance sustainable development through environmental engineering education and research in the Philippines, Ma. Consuelo V. Flora, Bonifacio T. Doma Jr., and Edwin C. Obra, Mapúa Institute of Technology, Manila, Philippines, 'M. Hanif Chaudhry, Joseph R. V. Flora, Adrienne T. Cooper, University of South Carolina, South Carolina, USA 96
027 Success factors in education of life cycleassessment methodology, Dr. J. Remmerswaal, DeIft
University of Technology, The Netherlands . 102
028 ImplementIng a program in:sustainability for engineers at University of Technology, Sydney. A story of intersecting agendas, Paul Bryce, Stephen Johnston, Keiko Yasukawa, University of Technology Sydney,
Australle 107
034 Sustainabletechnology. E&P steps up to the challenge, Yvon Quillien, Shell exploratrion &production
115
035 Policy development for sustainability in higher education. resúlts of AISHE audits, NikoRoorda, Rogier van Mansvelt, Dutch Committee for Sustainable Higher Education, The Netherlands 123
036 Experiences of curriculum greening atthe Technical UniversityofCatalonia Intheframe of the
environmental plan (1996-2001) Didac Ferrer Balas Jordi Bruno Ramon Sans Technical University ol
Catalonià, Spain, 139
038 'Impact assessment and sustainability in engineering education, Alan L. Porter, DeIft University o!
technology, The Netherlands
. ... .
149040 Sustainabledevelopment courseforenvironmental engineering specialityin Kyrghyzst'an, Dr Igor
Conter3nce Enqn.engEducationin SustnableDoveiopgirt Deft 24.25.Oc1aber 2002
041 Awareness rising of researchers through the evaluation of projects on their contribution to sustainable development, Sara Verbeiren, Vlaamse Instelllng voor Technologisch Onderzoek, Belgium I 61
042 IntroducIng sustainable development concepts into engineering curricula. Sorne proposaisand
implementations, Miche!' Installé1 Université Catho!iquede Louvain, Belgium 167
043 Sustainable developmenttralning and educational challenges fôr business and universities, M. Hadfield, Bournemouth University, U.K., G. .Howarth, York Science Park, U.K. 174
045 Internet basedtrainlng programmes for e-iaerniflg1 Leonas Balasüvicius, Gintaras Dervinis, Vidmantas Macerauskas, Romas Rutkauskas, Kaunas University of Technology; Lithuania 184
047 Learning about environmental issues in engineering programmes. Acase study of first-year civil engineering students' contextualisation of an ecology course, Cecilia Lundholm, 'Stockholm University,
Sweden 189
049 Development of MSccourses sustainable (chemical) technology design, G.J. Harmsen, G. Korevaar, &M Lemkowitz; DeIft University of Technology, The Netherlands 198
050 Sustainable short sea shipping. A multidisciplinary project in edUcation in sustainable development; Anja de Groene, Delft University of Technology, The 'Netherlands 208 055 Intellectually responsibleteachingof subjects with strong normative content, like 'sustainability', at universities S;M. Lemkowitz, G Korevaar, J.A'.B.A.F. Bonnet, and G.H. Lameris, Delft University o!
Technology, The Netherlands 218
056 CritIcal teaching of'industrial ecology Case study'in co-operation with industry: Planning an industrial ecology complex in Amsterdam harbour, Saul Lemkowitz, G!/sbert Korevaar, GeertLameris, and Erkan Tedi,
Deift University of Technology, The Netherlands 228
061 Preparation of student participation in sustainable development projects in non-western countries, Otto Kroesen, Martino RuJgh-van der Ploeg, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlands 238
062 Sustainability is' nota technological problem1 Phillp B. Smith, University of Groningen, The Netherlands
247
063 Learning for strategies in sustainable development, Drs. Jasper Grosskúrth, University of Maastricht,
The Netherlands 252
064 LCA casestudies: added value for the integration inasustainablemindset, M.B.G.Castm;
J:A;M.Remmerswaal; J;C.Brezef, Delft University of Technology, The Netherlànds 262
067 Eco-design for all. Incorporating sustainableand universal design into the engineering curricUlum, M.A.
Hersh, University of Glasgow, Scotland .269
077 Lectures and laboratory exercises inrenewable energy systems,A.M. van Voorden, G.C. Paap, L. van der Sluis, Deift University of Technology, The Netherlañds 278
078 The management.of sustainable'development, prof. Boguslavski I., ass. pmf. Gerasimov V., ing. Oleinik N., State Institute of Management and Innovation, Russia, prof. TugengoldA., Don State Technical
University, Russia 283
079 Lectures and Iaboratoryexercises in renewable energy systems, A.M van Voorden1 G. C. Paap, L. van der Sluis, DeIft University of Technology, 'Faculty of Information Technology and Systems, The 'Netherlands
293
081 Life cycle'thinking andLCA design education, Matthew Simon, She ffleld 'Hallam University, UI< 298 083 Teaching and' understanding thedesign of sustainable livelihoods In the 'spacebetween', LaraGreden, Bruno Miller, Jan Wampler, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA . 306
084 Educating:Engineers.inSustainability1 Dr. Carol Boyle, University of Auckland, New'Zealand .316
086 From plant to paperand sea to sandwich. Technical Implications of product chain management in real life, Peter Arnfalk, Ake Thidell, LUnd University, Sweden 324
092 How green is that building? Learning and transformation in the construction industry, Rosamund Hyde,
Conter3nce Ennßaring Educaton'in SustainaboDeveIqprnrnt De!ft.425 Octobor, 2002
095 CommunicationtrainingasakeyskiII for sustainable education: experiences atthe Universityof Groningen, the NetherlandS1 BJ valide Laar, UnivorsityofGroningen, The Nethedands i 341
097 Sustainable entrepreneurship in engineeriñgcurricula at DelftUi,iversity.ofTechflolOgy Context, approach, results and recommandations, Hans Bonnet, Daan Hoogwater, JacoQuist, Johan Spaans, Caroline Wehrmann, Deift Universityof TechnolOgy, The Netherlands i 351
099 Society in technology, technològyin society, D. Loorbach J. Rotmans, University ofMaastricht, The
Netherlands 36i
loi A new study sustainable technology' in higher educahon Ir P Monger Ir J B Woudstra Ing F C M
Zolle, RUswUk Institute of Technology, The Netherlands 3.0
105 Environmental education andinternational know-how-transferbetweenuniversities. ResultsfromapiIot
project in cooperation with German, Polish and Czech uniVersities Dr. Jana Brauweiler, Dipl-Kff Maria Urbaniec, International Graduate School Zittau, Czech Republic 381
106 An engineering undergraduate/graduate course on sustainable design and construction, Dr. Jorge A. Vanegas, Georgia Institute of Technology, Dr. Annie R. Pearce, Ms. Sheila J. Bosch, Georgia Tech Research
Institute, USA 385
110 Builtenvironmentsiistainability. An integratedappróachito education research and outreach Dr. Jorge
A. Vanegas, Georgia Institute of Technology, Dr. Annie R. Pearce, Ms. Sheila J. Bosch, Georgia Tech
Researóh Institute, USA 396
112. Labyrinths, stone walls, draw-bridges and side doors in the ivory tower. Challenges & opportunities for sustainable development in higher education, Dr. Fiona 'S. Crofton, Vàncouver, Canada 408 115 Educational strategies, projectsandtools'forhigher education Improvement in the field of sustainable product and service development Educational experiences projects and tools co ordinated by the
Interdepetemental Research Centre in Innovation for environmental sustainability of the Politecnico di Milano University, Carlo Vezzoli, Politecnico diMilano University, Italy 421
117 Teaching sustainability ihaiworid of sUbliminal enticemént,, Fians AJ. Birre,; Lino E. Paùla; Leiden University, Hans (J.A.B.A.F.) Bonnet, Saul M. Lemkowitz, DeIft University of Technology, The Netherlands43l 1,18 Sustainable facilitiesand infrastructUre training. Approaches findings, and lessons learned, Dr. Annie R. Pearce, Ms. Sheila J Bosch, Georgia Tech Research Institute, USA 440
124 Casestudiesinenvironmentally sustainable process technologyat Chalmers, James Frederick, Lusi
Hindiyarti, Azhar Mailk, Themy Thalib, Urban Grén, Hans Theliander, Chalmers University of Technology,
Confçence Er!fneeinç EducationinSuinabIe deeornent DeIft. 24-25 Ocoer..2OO2
125 Teaching sustainable development to students from low-income countries, Ljiljana Rodic-Wiersma International Institute fbi Infrastructure! Hydraulic and Environmental Engineering Deift The Netherlands
457
127 Status and 'prospectsof sustainable engineeringeducatlon in some American univerSities, Gordon Thompsön !nstitùte for Resource and Security Studies, Massachusetts, USA 463
131 Effectiveness and perspectives for regional capacity building in cleaner prodiictlonengineeringthroügh the use of internet based technology, Bart van Hoof, MSc.and Nestor MonroyMSc. Universidad de Los Andes / Sustainable Performance,Organizalion, Bogota, Colombia 470
134 The introduction of sustalnabledevelopment intosòientiflcedúcation, Sophie Szymkowiak, Association pour les Pratiques du Développement Durable, Samt-Etienne, France, 480
138 Co-operation management as a part of engineering education, Dr. Susanne Schön, Technical
University of Berlin, Germany 486
139 Sustainable developmentinallorth-South perspective, Engineering in a developmentcontext, Joy
ClanÇy, Margaret Skutsch, University of lTwente, The Netherlands 494
141 Interuniversity masters curriculum industrial ecology Ester van der Voet, René Kle,jn, .HeIias Udo de 1-laes, Leiden University, The Netherlands, Leo Baas, Nigel Roome, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands Charles Hendriks, Kare! Múlder, Deffi Universityof Technology, The Netherlands 501
142. From environment to sustainability, The development of educational programs atthe royal institUte of technotogy, Nils Brandt, Ronald Wennersten, Larsgöran Strandberg, Royal Instituteof Technology, Sweden
H 510
143 Integrating SD into engineeringcoursesthatare not specifically SD targeted - The DRAIA,method, aJ. Peet, K.F. Mulder, Delfi University of Technology, The Netherlands 518
145 Environmental engineering in Tanzania - experiences in environmental education for and in a development country, Patrick P.A.J van Sch/ndelandFrans J.JG. Janssen, Eindhoven University o!
Technology, The Netherlands and Jamidu H.Y. Kafima, University of Dar es Salaam, Dar es Salaam,
Tanzania 527
146 Sustainable energyengineering, an internatlonalmaster degreeprogram,,Andrew R. Martini Hans
Jonsson; Ivo Martinac, Royal Institute of Technology, Sweden 535
147 Sustainable Molecular Science añd Technology, SMST. knew academic study in the field of physical sciences, Ludo Juurllnk, Mark Orte, Jan .Reedjk, Leiden University, The Netherlands, DeIft University of
Technology, The Netherlands 543
151 Is the approach of competency learning sufficient to cover sustainable development in the fields of Marine Technology? Orshouldtherebe more, ir. J.W. Frouws, Ing. H. Keimpema, ir. J. Pinkster and ir. M.G. F. Overschie, DeIft University of Technology, The Netherlands 551
152 Strategiesfor integrating sustainable development competences in engineering and natural sciences higher education The Portuguese experience José Bon tim Manuel Mira Godinho Technical University of
Lisbon, Portugal 565
158 Pathways to sUstainable industrial transformations. Co-optimising competitiveness, employment, and environment, Nlcholas.Ash ford, Massachussettes Institute of Technology, USA, Wim Hafkàrnp, Erasmus
University of Rotterdam, Frits Prakke, Philip Vergragt, Dem University of Technology, The Netherlands 582
159 Major challenges to engineering education for sustainable dvelopment: what has tochange tornake it
creative, effective, and acceptable to theestablished disciplines, Nicholas A. Ashford, Professor o!
Technology and,Poilcy, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, USA 592
161 Use of virtual communities for education in sustainable development, Ivens, W.P.M.F.; van
Dam-Mieras M C E Kreijns C J Cörvers R J M Leinders J J M Open University of the Netherlands The
Netherlands 602
163 After 10 years arid 30.0 students. OurLCA teaching experience, Anne-Marie Tillman, Henrikke Baumann, Chalmers University of Technology, Sweden. 611
Eng Delfi. 2425 October. 2002
166 Ecodeslgnandlifecycle assessment in education at Eindhoven Universityof Technology (TU/e),AF. Kirkels D A A van Noort H van Nunen P P A J van Schijndel E:ndhoven University of Technology The
Netherlands 617
171 A strategic approach to radical sustainable Innovations Stakeholder involvement, visioning, back-casting, learning & englneeriñg education, Jaco Qúist, Deilt University of Technology, The Netherlands 626 173 Educationonsustainable devélopment at the faculty of architecture DeIftUniversity of Technology, prof. ir. C.A.J. Duqjvestein, ir. M.G.F. Overschie ir. P.G. Teeuw, dr. S.P Tjallingii, Facultyof Architect uro, Deffl University of Technology, the Netherlands 638
175 Decision making for sustainability. Aseniorchemicalengineeringcourse, Jim Petrie, Lauren Basson,
Universityol Sydney, Australia 644
176 A new methodology for teaching Industrial ecology1 Gemma Cervantes, Department of Chemical
Engineering, Barcelona, Spain 653
177 Sustainabledevelopmentin the .foodlindustry: education experiences in SMEs, Esturo, Aintzane; Saoz de Buruaga, Maite; Zufia, Jaime, Azti, Fundazioa, Sukarrieta, Spain 664 179 Arsenic mitigation and social mobilisation in Bangladesh, C.F. Rammelt, J. Boes, Deift University o! Technology, The Netherlands, K. Atam, Arseniò Mitigation andResearóh Foundation, Bangladesh 669 180 Profitable environmental management in small and medium enterprises (SME), Martin Kranert, University o! Applied Sciences Braunschweig/Wolfenbuettel, Andreas Behnsen, Kai Hillebrecht, GAM -Company for Waste Minimisation and Material Flux Edith Kürzinger Susanne Arlinghaus Deutsche Geseilschalt fOr Technische Zusammenarbeit GmbH, Germany 678
181 lihe dutch network 'Sustainable Development in Higher Education. -L essonsfort he future In
nowadays higher education Drs Antoine Heideveld Drs Anneke Wieman University of Amsterdam The
Netherlands 687
182 Conceptual framework for criteria and indicator for assessment of sustainable development. An illustration on Joint forest management, S. B. Roy, RaktimaMukherJee, Indian Instituteof Bio-Social
Research and Development, Siddhartha Mukhopadhyay, Indian Institute of Technology 695
183 ,,Embedding sustainability in the stúdent's head" or ,,How the idea of sustainable product design can be implemented in education', Marc Ernzer, Herbert Birkholer, Darmstadt University of Technology, Germany
703
186 Paying students to pay attention -and 10 other ways to teach LCA and reläted issues at Aalborg University, Henrik Riisgaard, Aalborg University, Denmark 713
188 ThinkCycle: Supporting open sourcecollaboration andsustainable engineering design In edücatibn, Nitin Sawhney, Timothy Presterot, YaeI Maguire, SaulGriffith, Massachusettes Institute of Technolgy, USA
721
189 'A Proposal of citizen participatory technologydevelopment for sustainable development - from Japanese experiences', Takao Kiba, Ph.D, National Institute br Research Advancement, Shibuya-ku, Tokyo
730
190 EngineerIng educationintheneW millennium1 Vojis!avllic, Univerèity of Western Sydney, Australia1 Sophie Szymkowlak Association pour les pratiques du development durable, 735
191 Sustainable use of materials and products, Pro f.dr.lr. Ch.F. Hendriks, Dr.J. G, Vogtländer, Delfi
ConferencEnginoerhig Education n Su3Ir.abIoPevlopmm! Doift, 242 Octobor, 2O2
151
Is the approach of competency learning sufficient to cover sustainable
development in the fields of Marine Technology? Or should there be more, ir J W
Frouws Ing. H. Keimpema, ir. J. Pinkster and ir M.G. F. Overschie, Deift University of
Technology, The Netherlands
Preface
SUstainable Development defined accordlngthe Brundtland Commission United Natioñs 1987:
Sustainable Development is development that meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of futuregeneratläns to meet their own needs."
The basic interpretation of this definition by many companies and politicians is that an economical grow is
possible without jeopardizing the ecology and power of the earth to support future generations. This is a more
positive point of view, compared to the environmentalists view In the early days, i.e. "We have definitely to
decrease our consumption in order to correct the environmental damage"
In practice the enyironrnentaimeasures taken are mainly pursued! because they solve problems which effects
our own lives and because we can afford them. The new more positive approach is more "a belief" in the
possibilities of technology than the reality of today; The reality is the impossibility to discuss, on a higher political level, any step backwardsin personal economical wealth in order to achieve environmental goals for the benefit
of all! mankind.
The Indian definition "We have not inherited the earth from our parents, we lend it from our kids" does not
leave any space for self-deception.,
Which definition should beeducated?
Educational demand in Sustainable Maritime Technology.
Environmental aspects ofMarine Technology
The pollution of the seas and world oceans has reached an unacceptable leve!. The late Jacques Cousteau and later Green peace have drawn the attention of the public to this Issue. Still a lot of people are not aware of the size and impact of the pollution and related problems of the oceans seas and coastal area s
lt has to be realized that the inter European transports of freight by sea has increased by 273 milllon-tôn
kilometres between 1990 and 1999, or some 30 %. (http:I/www.acidrain.orglshlpfold99.htm)A further substantial growth of this relatively cheap mode oftransport by sea is realistic due to the fact that the majority of people live inthe coastal areas and that world trade is still on the increase.
Just to get a perspective of what the status of the actual pollution is, several causes, consequences and
measures shall be identified These are subdivided into air pollution and water pollution Finally this section will concludewith the potential of clean ships formass transportation of goods.
Air pollution
The main consequences of the marine technology orientated emissions are ozone depletion acid rain and
climatechanges. The followlngemisslons causethese consequences: Refrigerante. (Freons)
Emissions from diesel engines S02, NOx, CO2, soot etc.
Vapours from chemIcal oil tankers and boil off from LNG tankers.
Figure 1 shows the contribution of shipping: on the emissions of S02 and NOx worldwide and locally in Europe (Hamburg) as a part of the total emissions. Especially S02, due to the high content, up to 5% of sulphUr in the marine fuels, contributes substantially to the acid rain problems.
Conferenco Erìgir.oenngEdiicationn Su513;nable Oevokipmém 'Oelft,2426 October, 2002
SO. NO,, C'O
ETC CO
6.4
6.0
0.15
0.25
370in. 10" tons
Share of wuridwide shipphig In most Important emlss1on in toils nnd-%. Rad(1994)
SO. NO
C'odust
33001 '2000t 53000t
Share of shipplagin air polluikai duc io
(ridlic In hamburg in,tonmm and 'V0 9001
I (10",'«
figure 1
The "measures creating body" is the International Maritime Organisation (1MO http://www.imo.org/home.asD), which operates under the flag of the United Nations. Each newly designed measure wilI generally spoken, enter
Into force after being accepted by 15 flag states representing at least 50 % of the woild merchant shipping
tonnage An important fact is the introduction of the precautionaryprinciple in 1996
The 1MO restricts the emissions into the air in the MARPOL (Marine Pollution) regulations Annex VI. Annex VI is entering into force in 2002. However! even with this new legislation, the Sulphur content in fuels will still be accepted up to an unacceptable level of 4 5 % This level does not restrict in any way the current business The positive side Is the factthat the annex allows for"SOx emission control area's ". This are special areas where the sulphur content may not exceed 1.5%". The Bältic area is such an area. The North Seals presently a subject of
discussion within the 1MO.
Truly even 1.5% is still a high figure when one looks at the "Large Combustion Plant Directive" as agreed upon by the European Community. This latter agreement enforces the maximum amount of 1% sulphur fuel for all installations larger then 50 MW, and even a 0 25% weight sulphur emission for plants larger than 500 MW Typical for the totaE situation of Marine regulations are the remarks of J'.M. Joyce the Marine Director from the
International Chamber of Shipping2 in 1998, quote:
"Why was there insistenceon preserving the high sulphur globalcap? There were a varietyof reasons:
A beliôf by some that air pollution from ships is-nOt a significant problem.
A protest by developing countries about the high standards demanded by developed countries
Fear that the costs of providing fuel oil with low sulphur content would cut into the revenues of oil producers
Oil Industry opposition.
This man was not satisfied 'because he realizes that the rules will create an unclear double standard in the world which will possibly be changed in the nearbyfuture not to mention thebad;presswriteupthatwilíbeforyears.
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Conference Engineenng Education in Stmtaiñabie.Oeveopment Deift, 242f October. 2002
Water pollution
Oil. pollution due to oil transport losses, cleaning tanks and bilges of vessels.
Oil pollution has decreased substantially due to the effects of Annex I Of the MARPOL regulations which became
effective in 1973. Over the years these regulations. has been changed several times i.e. in 1978 .(additional
requirements on segregated ballast tanks, better tank washing systems the usage of inert gas to limit the number of explosions on board of the vessels) and in 1984 (regulations to survive assumed damage) The
disaster with the. Exxon Valdez caused the birth of the Oil Pollution Act (OPA) in the USA, requiring double hull
tankers for all tankers calling Into US ports. In 1992, 1MO reacted With further amendments. The latest
amendments date from 94 and 97.
Pollution by chemicalsdue to cleanina operations
Pollution by chemicals: This Is dealt with In Annex Il, i.e. the regulations forthe control of pollution by Noxious Liquid Substances in Bulk. This came into force in October 1983 and required full compliance of ship owners in 1986 Amendments were made in 1985 Since 1992 aIl revisions of Annex Il are under review due to innovations
in chemical tanker design and new knowledge regarding the effects .óf chemicals on the ecology. The precautionary approach was introduced in 1996 by the 1MO.
Loss of ships and carao.
Loss of ships and cargo: The 1MO site gives an impressive idea about the number and kind of accidents http://www.imo.orqlincludes/blastDataOnlv.asp/data id%3D511813.pdf ). This is a complex topic lt does not
require a genius to guess what the loss of one container with aggressive herbicides can bring about In terms of
marine pollution.. Many actions have been taken in many regulations and still. many actions have yet to be taken.
The environment atsea can be extremely harsh. Garbaae from ships. esecIallv packaainq materials
Annex V deals with the ,prevention of pollution by garbage from ships This annex came into force in December 1988. Just a simple example to quantify this issue: it is estimated that in 1980 every day around 400.000 plastic bottles were dumped at sea from ships. lttakes.450 years for a plastic bottle to dissolve at sea. How longdoes it take a plastic bottle to getto the coast? Recentsurveys carried out in the US show that there is. about 10 tons of garbage per mile of coastline.
The main problem areas in combatting such pollution are the construction and implementation of suitable worldwide port receiving facilities and the enforcement of the landing of garbage ashore from the ships.
Extremely important in this aspect is that the ship owners Involved are offered a port receiving facility, which is not excessively expensive in terms of monetary payments involved or have to accept extra time delays.
The above demonstrates the direct need for education adequate port facilities, clean ships (i e less plastic back to cardboard packaging etc.) andfurther enforcements of the regulations.
Sewaqe especially from cruise shløs sailinq in'ecoloqical fracille environmentsand larqecities in coastal areas. Elements such as nutrients, nitrate and phosphorus, create Harmful Algal Blooms (HAB's, www.nitrate.com). Due to algal, for example, in the Gulf of Mexico and near Hong Kong, fish die or leave the area and bathing
becomes unhealthy.
A part of this pollution comes from rivers streaming into the sea. Since increasing the amount of enforced regulations on land bound Installations in the developed countries, the related pollution has substantially
decreased On the other hand with the growth of shipping the need to take more actions to reduce pollution
from ships has become even more urgent..
The:effects of antifoullnq paints
An example of shlpInduced pollution is illustrated by the sex changes in whelks that are caused by tributyl tin, which is Included within a particularcommonly used antifouling paint. This form of pollution has, in turn, created
new regulations that will soon be coming into force. Ship owners too are now challenged to look for a
replacement antifouling paint without tributyl tin. Enclosed areas, such as the Baltic Sea, the Mediterranean Sea,
the Black Sea and the Dead Sea are very vulnerable areas in this respeöt.
Alien invaders due to ballast water of seagoing vessels can and have created massive ecological disasters.
Conference EngineeringEducation'!n Suetainable Dei&opmert DeIft,24..2& October2002
Aggressive species of Tish, or other animals and/or plants imported by means of discharged: ballastwater loaded in other parts ofthe world can totallywipe out local ecological worlds. An example can be found in theCanadian
lakes.
Overfishiha creates a dramàticsltuation worldwide
Until now unsatisfactory attempts have been made to regulate the amounts to be fished lt has been shown that over fished areas are not automatically replenished with fish again These problems are not new Around 1850 200 ships took 1719 whales (another 348 were killed but not recovered) in the Bering Sea In 1852 again 2682
bowheads were killed None in 1855 and 1856 Never again did the catch reach 600 animals in a season
http I/www explorenorth comllibrarv/yafeatureslbl whalinq htm) The cod collapsed in New-Found land and left the coastal human population without jobs Up to the present day the Cod population in Newfoundland has not yet recovered Presently, the cod population in the North Sea collapsed' due to over fishing On top of this there
are grounds to believe that the rising water temperature' is also driving the cod to the (cold) north
Even the single simple fact that the highest yearly possible catch requires a large fish population could not
cause a responsible management of the fish population in the developed' countnes How can one expect the undevelopedcountries to set up and execute a responsible management oftheirown fish' population?
L.and based activities
Last but not least there is the pollution introduced by land-based activities such as ship demolishing in South East Asia or port and city building which devastates wetlands and coastal areas These activities are executed in a reasonable responsible way in the developed countries but, as can be read in the daily papers, cannot always be carried out in an acceptable manner by the underdeveloped countries The latter often cannot afford the necessary environmental measUres
Ship building operations like cutting, weldiñg, blasting and painting activities fall within thiscategory.
Environmental potential Of shippinq
There is a clear and interesting relationship between the speed and the required' kW/t km/hr as J Isenseel
showed in figure2.
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l J older shIp modern ship 0.001 10 20 30 40 10 100 200 300 600 1000 2000 tkmteJ figure 2This graph shows the very low energy demand per ton km/hr of marine vehicles. This in combination with the huge amount of cargo carried; in comparison to its containment weight (i.e. the weight of the ship itself and its
machinery) means there is no feasible alternative in terms of energy efficient transport. lt is definitely the
sustainable means of mass transport for the foreseeable future.
Investing in emission reducing technology in shipping is very cost-effective, as the Swedish have mentioned in their statements (http:/www.acidraln.orq/shipfold99.html). For example the shore-based installations have high requirements regarding NOx and SOx emissions and further limitations will be gained only at high costs. In
shipping, on the other hand, it is relatively easy to gain a lot regarding the diminishing of pollution due to
emissions with a limited amount of money.
However, the main problems here are the enforcement and control regarding compliance of existing regulations and in some areas indeed, the lack of quality regarding emission standards in comparison to the land based situation of the developed countries.
Marine Industry in the playing field of national, multinational and global
political forces
The Marine Industry In general can be characterised as a very dynamic, low profit, competitive and International business. This holds true for both shipbui'ding and shipping.
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The shipbuilding market is often influenced by financial subsidies and has been transformed rapidly from product
orientated to business orientated. Besides this fact there Is a continuous struggle between technology,
organisation and (low) wages. Nowadays, the huii is often imported from Rumania, or other countries with low wages and reasonable quality, for obvious economical reasons.
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The margins are small and the risks are high. This does not leave much space for substantial environmental measures. Following the lOcal environmental rulesis therefore common practice.
On the other hand the process of shipbuilding does not have a big environmental impact Measures to prevent pollution are relatively cheap and often produce positive money saving side effects. However, a disadvantage Is the location of shipyards as these are often situated In ecologically vulnerable, also crowded coastal areas and occupies much space in terms of land area. On top of this soUnd pollution (decibels) due to shipyards can be a
problem. Shippinq
The shipping industry engaged in transporting all kinds of products over the world is clearly internationally
orientated Crews can be found all over the world but are mainly recruited from cheap labour countries with reasonable educational facilities The general wish (and also necessity) to avoid paying too much taxes can be seen by the historical shift of vessels towards the cheap flag states of Panama Honduras and Liberia Which alsoleads toan unacceptablehigh political powerofthese countries in the caseofnew 1MO regulations.
The ship owners are very interested in a fair level playing field and look thereby critical at any form of national legislation. The low margin shipping business is often characterised by means of thesheer fact that a vessel can sail years barely above variable costs while somewhere one or two extremely good years will pay off the ship and bring in the real profit. In other words, some nerves can come in handy in this risky business.
lt is common use nowadays to form single working companies for each ship in order to limit the possible claims to be paid due to environmental damage. This risk was added on top of the already relative high risk of total or partial loss of ship and cargo.
In this kind of business world one cannot expect many decision makers to be very sensitive towards ideas like Sustainable Development etc This might be the case unless their business is directly influenced by political economical pressure and/or a bad press write up. The latter argument Is more valid In the western countries as these have sanction possibilities or negative effect on clientele (past, present or future).
Due to the clear environmental effects of their operations the marine industry is fully aware of the necessity of
environmental regulations. This can be sensed from the statements made by the International Chamber of
Shipping2 . Their main drives in this field being the creation of a level playing field and their (good) image. They see the threat, for example, of the European Commission working on inland Sulphur rules for fuels, something which they also strive to have; furthermore theserules will be extended to the European shipping industry should
1MO not come up with suitable (i.e. sharper) requirements.
In this respect, the US had already enforced additional rules for oil tankersserving US ports.
The role of the Under- and semi develoøed coûntnes
The opposing forces against sharp environmental regulations and against speedy enforcement are often coming from the underdeveloped countries. In the publication4 (The Elusive Saviours) the relation between North and South Is analysed as well as the role of Multi Nationals In the playing field of sustainability Not a popular subject
nowadays.
Although this book focuses on the negative sides, looking to the environmental situation and sustainable long-term food supply it is not wise to ban these kinds of :problems.from the political agenda. The words from Niala Maharaj5 in 1991 about ecological aspects and sustainability are quite clear: It is your skin cancer. Solve these
problems yourself. We have to deal with problems like the measles, whooping cough and even the bubonic plague". Representatives of the Government from Malaysia4,6 stated more bluntly if you do not agree with our demands regarding economical development, we will not talk about environmental issues If we anyway have to die, then preferably together."
In one way they are right, the agenda should deal with hoWdo we (North and South) survive together and should not be focused on the quality of live However surviving is a short-term issue for the developing countries and a long-term issue for the North. But for how long? An article In the NRC? on July 102002 indicates the speed of using the world's resources According to the calcUlations described in this article, we are already asking, more from the earth than the earth can give.
The cynical conclusion seems to be that only common short-term interests can create a common agenda on the
topic of sustainability.
