4th INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE
TRANSPORT SYSTEMS TELEM ATICS TST’04
ZESZY TY N A U K O W E PO L IT EC H N IK I Ś LĄ SK IEJ 2004
T R A N SP O R T z.55, nr kol. 1657
catalogue, management o f telematic systems
M arek S U M IŁ A 1 M artin T Ü C K E R 2
C A T A L O G U E O F T E L E M A T IC SY ST E M S
Constant develop and increasing number o f telematic systems needs an efficient presenting and managing. Such systems consist o f many elements spread on wide urban area. The paper presents a computer system based on an advanced databases and an electronic map service GIS (Geographical Information Systems) as a useful tool for many different services, for example road service. The system helps implement new telematic systems on traffic area and is especial useful in emergency situation.
P A SZ P O R T Y Z A C JA SIEC I T E L E M A T Y C Z N Y C H
Ciągły rozwój oraz wzrost znaczenia systemów telematycznych wymaga wprowadzenia i stosowania efektywnych narzędzi do prezentacji i zarządzania w/w systemami. W artykule zaproponowano system wspomagania komputerowego do zarządzania m iejską infrastrukturą telematyczną. Zaproponowane narzędzie wykorzystuje komputerowe bazy danych oraz mapy elektroniczne GIS (Geographical Information Systems), które wspomagają lokalizację poszczególnych elementów sieci.
1. IN T R O D U C T IO N
In the last years w e can observe exceptionally high increase num ber o f telem atic system s. Its prim ary tasks are influent on safety and o rder on the roads. It is no concern only m onitoring roads in the cities by hidden cam eras and supervises speed lim it, but it give opportunity to advice drivers about free parking p laces and guide through traffic jams.
T elem atic system s inform p eople w aiting at a stop about tim e to arrival next a bus o r a tramp, lighting panels inform about w eather condition, air pollution, our speed drive, a traffic jam, etc. A teleinform atics infrastructure o f telem atic system s in the cities is getting com plicated.
Sensors, cable distribution boxes, signal lights, lighting panels, cam eras, etc. are connected altogether in com plex netw orks. It causes that nu m b er o f cables and its location is difficult to identify.
1 Faculty o f Transport, W arsaw University o f Technology, Koszykowa Str. 79, 02-008 Warsaw, Poland sumila@it.pw.edu.pl
2 EL VIA Mondial Assistance, Solec Str. 22, 00-410 Warsaw, Poland
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O ur research show s th at the docum entation o f telem atic system s is unsatisfactory and often not updated through th e years. S ystem s w ork independent from one other w hile should w o rk to g eth er and im prove its perform ances. It seem s that for a few years th e problem will be very dangerous.
Fig. 1. A lighting panel on the road [8]
It seem s that good solution is creating a softw are application that allow s cataloguing m entioned system s and representing its elem ents on a digital m ap. O ur w ork focused on elaborate b r ie f foredesign.
2. R A N G E O F C A T A L O G U E OF T E L E M A T IC SY STEM S
T he catalogue o f telem atic system s focused rather on an infrastructure than real working o r tem porary state. In th e range o f catalogue system follow each an elem ent o f a telematic system and a n etw o rk o f connections. W e can distinguish follow ing system s:
- R o a d traffic signaling system , - T elem etric system ,
- M onitoring system , - E m ergency system , - M eteo ro lo g y system , - T oil expressw ay system , - R oad situation system .
N u m b er o f system s is still grow ing. R apid d evelopm ent o f teleinform atics increases this process. N ow adays urban drivers each day m eet w ith a free parking places problem or a traffic ja m s problem . M entioned system s should help drivers. To effectively operate the infrastructure o f the system s road services have a com plex docum entation o f that system . The d o cum entation is useful w hen system is grow ing or it need repair. Finding com m on elements (for exam ple cables) for at least tw o o r three system s in th at docum entations are difficult.
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A n application that p erm it m anaging all b u ilt in road telem atic system s give opportunity to precise w hich system is reality im plem ented on the road. In the collaboration w ith GIS system all m entioned road services have an access to all necessary inform ation about the actual state o f th eir system s, its h istory and localization. It im proves actions connected with upgrade, rep air o r install a new system .
3. G E O G R A P H IC A L IN F O R M A T IO N SY STEM S
O ne o f the m ost im portant features o f a good softw are application is the G raphic User Interface (G U I). In the application catalogue o f telem atic system s such G U I is directly connected w ith visual representing all elem ents o f the system on a digital map.
The G eographic Inform ation S ystem (G IS) is an inform ation system that creates new them atic m aps by m aintaining and processing a variety o f inform ation associated w ith spatial locations based on the locations and supports decision-m aking by using the maps. The geographic inform ation system has been used for m anagem ent facilities o f utility (electric power, gas, w ater and sew age). M ap exam ple is presented on F ig.2.
Fig.2. Example o f an application using the digital map [9]
B ecause a variety o f roads inform ation is m anaged in association w ith spatial locations, a data item m ay be found based on a location o r a location m ay be found based on a data item.
Consequently, the road services can quickly obtain the inform ation they need to identify for exam ple free cables for new sensors o r cam eras to a road m onitoring.
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C o llaboration betw een different services sim plified because they have visual inform ation com es fro m other services and th eir decision can be tak en after m ade analysis general situation on the location.
T he key to b uilding the geographic inform ation system is the construction o f its database. E ach system s m entioned in chapter 2, existing in the database and is organized as a separate layer. The d ata in each layer associated w ith spatial locations is processed based on the location inform ation to produce new inform ation. The inform ation is provided to the road adm in istrato r to aid them in th e ir w ork. In general the G IS databases consists following inform ation:
1) D igital ro ad m ap database: road m aps on w hich road netw orks are represented as nodes, links, an d th e ir relationships (topology).
2) R oad m an ag em en t database: a unitary database into w hich road draw ing data and specifications data fo r location ro ad structures o f system s, w ay o f connection, etc, 3) S ystem s and item s history: a database, w hich stores data such as: date o f install
system , date o f exchange sensors, loops, o r other elem ents o f p articu la r system , the results o f the road p revention inspections, etc.
4. S O F T W A R E A P P L IC A T IO N
T he ca talogue o f telem atic system s has the client-server structure. A ll data are stored in a separate p lace (com puter) n am ed th e server. A ccess to its data is p o ssib le by a client applications installed on the u se rs’ com puter. C lients are connected v ia fo r exam ple a local area n etw ork (LA N ) o r w ide area netw ork (W A N ). The solution gives m any advantages for future users. T he central b an k o f data (server) gives certainty th at all users have an access to the sam e updated data. A ny change o f the infrastructure telem atic system m ay be input to the catalogue system directly b y the service th at change m ade. It causes th at the update data will be available for all users soon after updated. A ccess to the serv er’s data is restrict depend on the service need. It p ro tec t against free access to the data for unprivileged persons.
Fig.3. M ain parts and modules o f the catalogue o f telematic systems
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S oftw are based on an object-oriented architecture (OO A). The object-oriented m ethodology supports natural m odelling and designing o f m odular architectures. T he nature o f catalogue system confirm properties this choice. The origin o f the O O M is connected w ith the n ee d to bring under control the com plexity o f data structures and their processing. The basic concept o f this m ethodology is the object, understood as entity com bining data and operations processing this data. A class defines the object. The data enclosed in the object are called the attributes and the operations processing this data are called methods. O ne o f the basic rules is the indirect m odification o f values o f the attributes w ith the use methods. This rule assures flexibility o f the object data structure. The O O M enables to divide large and com plex problem s into sm aller p arts th at are easier to m anage. The object-oriented technology has already a stable positio n as a m odelling m ethodology [1],
U sing the 0 0 technology is especially effective in the catalogue system as a com plex database. E ach real item s o f the telem atic system has ow n interpretation as the object. The object consist its nam e, a function in the system , a date o f install, a geographical location, etc.
The collection o f objects in the database is natural interpretation o f the real part o f the telem atic system . The softw are structure com bined six m ainly m odules.
The local database consist all necessary inform ation about saved telematic system s, their item s, rem arks, etc. The digital m ap server stores a graphic representation o f spatial locations a sy stem ’s item m ay be found. The external databases m odule allow s users to access to an external tem porary databases to im prove the know ledge about the telem atic system. The graphic user interface com bine all data com es from different m odule into the one com prehensible view easy to interpret by user. The m ap scanner allow s to th e preparation o f an external m aps to use w ith the system . The last m odule is responsible for the analysis loaded data from the server as an answ er to u se r’s question. O ther function the last m odule is the reporting. It is the one o f m ain function o f the catalogue program . Particular parts o f the softw are are p resented in Fig.3.
5. C O N C L U SIO N S
R apid developm ent o f teleinform atics influent on the developm ent o f telem atic system s.
W e can distinguish m any system s th at help to drive urban drivers. The paragraph tw o specifies areas o f the im plem entations.
N ow adays m any different road services need fast and com plex inform ation about state o f the roads, its infrastructure, num ber and places o f cables, etc. T hat inform ation may avoid a situation w here for exam ple a digger dam age a cable connection, or a gas pipe or a service looking for free cable connection to a new lighting panel.
P resented idea o f the com puter program to cataloguing o f the telem atic systems give a chance to efficient m anaging the transport telem atic system s. The application p erm it m anaging all b u ilt in a road telem atic system s allow s to precise w hich system is reality im plem ented on the road. In the collaboration w ith the GIS system all road services hav e an access to all necessary inform ation about the actual state o f their system s, its history and localization. It im proves actions connected w ith upgrade, repair o r install a new system.
U sing the client-server architecture and an object-oriented architecture enable to the distributed access all users and supports natural m odelling and designing o f the m odular architectures o f the catalogue system .
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B IB L IO G R A PH Y
[1] KOCHAN A., W AW RZYŃSKI W: The object-oriented modelling o f control systems in transport. The Archives o f Transport, W arsaw 2001
[2] SUMIŁA M.: State o f the art o f the simulation in tools to design complex control systems. 5th European Conference o f Young Research and Science W orkers in Transport and Telecommunications. Zilina 2003 [3] TÜCKER M.: Paszportyzacja infrastruktury sieci telematycznych w transporcie. Engineer’s thesis PW WT
TwT, W arsaw 2004
[4] KRA AK M., Orm eling F.: Kartografia: W izualizacja D anych Przestrzennych, PW N 1998
[5] M öglichkeiten und Grenzen des Einsatzes von Telematik im Verkehr. M ożliwości i granice zastosowania telematyki w transporcie. Internationales Verkehrswesen.-2003, Nr. 12
[6] http://www.imagis.pl [7] http://www.road.pl [8] http://www.tens.com.pl [9] www.fast.com.pl
R eview er: Prof. A ndrzej Lewiński
