f
(1895 r.) , Kapjri CHOHJibCKift flB.HHeTca bt. HacToamee BpeMH HatiOoafcc BU^aioih,hm ca Jia- pHKOMT, UIbcuíh. noanoe coópame ero crraxoTBopeHift nojLBiuocb bt, 1894 r. bt, CTOKrO.IBM'Í!, H MHOrÍH JIHIl,a, KOTOpblíT TITTajIH HXT, OTJ'6af.HO BO MÍpl! I10 ÍIB-jieaia bt, cbítt,, ct, y^oBOJibCTBieMT, yBajHTb hxt, coeflHHeaHUMH bt, onao H3nauie H Boenoab3yK)Tca cayaaeira BoaoóaoBHTb apiaiaoe BaeiaraM e, noayaeaHoe hmh apa
„reata 9Toro npHBieKaxeabaaro asiopa. fflaab TOMO, ™ oto Baeiaurtaie ocaaó- MeTca HÍCKoabKO óaarojiapa TOMy, hto coaera 1872 r „ no syxy n Tony Aobojtmio
jtaaeKie ott, óojrfce paHHHXT, npoa3BefleHÍfi, nociaBJieabi 3ff6cb Bnepexa TanaxT, HeBHHHbix'b a caoBOofíaabHHXb TpyóaflypHbm, cTHXOTBopeaia, Kara ntcHb ra *ea- jn^a í Ha ciyíemeoKOirb coópaaia 1862 r.; óbiio óh ropas«) eciecrBeHaie coxpa- HHTb xpoHoaoraaecKia nopajora.
BBOji,Hoe craxoTBopeHie aBflaeíca^yAHHM'b oópa3n,OMT, -rapara; HeMHoria KHani Moryn, noxBaaaTbca TaraMb npeitpacauMb BBe«HÍeMT,; CKB03b bocoko cBOíaaraft nopiara, o6bhthh po3aMH a Baaorpanaoto ao3oro, orapaBaeTOi oóraapHHa, npe- itpacHuS bhj,t> Bjaab; btb BBOnaaa aijcab OTJiaaacTca He Torara cB'UecTbio a noa- BOTOK), HO a pajocTHOK) BeceaocTbio oTBaiKaoa roaocTH. Bb aeii ctojim«) «ísficrBa- TeabBoa ch.m , hto B03rrara: „moh mojiohoh aeBb!“ ra, icoiopuMb noarb oópama- eTca ra CBoeMy cepwy, ae itaateTca crauntoMb cM’feauM'b, a tímt. Me ate cmtuuhumt..
Cy.pTe caMa:
„Axt., Kara HBMyaajiocb Moe cepW e, saaeproe bo (J>para, crtcaeaaoe ae- ecTecTBeHHUMH ycjiOBiaMa! Moaojoft moh m b i, coóapaftca ra cajiaMa ¿pa apuasica a y^apaa aanoio BOKpyn, CBoea raimen!‘‘
9 ia panorama atcaa yBepuopu pacaporapaHaerb KpoTKoe, apKoe «ecejibe Ha cipaHy ra. 3arop'I;BiunMa ora corana «bByaiKaMa — paóoTHanaMa Ha bhho- rpajHHKaxT., „aypaypoBbia ryóra kotoPklxt. yauóatorca“ , ho ato secerae caaBaerca ra, ropaaaMi., BOCTopaceHHHMT, yB.ieaeHieMb óopbóoio 3a HesaBacaMoeib napona. o- poaiHMT, npeflBliCTaHKOMT, cnywara to, tto aoara coóapaeTca aoraaHaTbca Bory ae bt, coóopHbixb pepraaxT,, a Ha aoraxb M aceara, a hto b c í crapaHauii easbi H3T, OHHbi a 30Ji0Ta hhhto » a aero no cpaBaeHÍK) ra „.ipocTHMb m o m na Kanpep-fc “ Bb apej;HCJiOBÍH 3aTporaBaiOTCH TaKHMT. oópa30Mb oóii rapyHbi, Koropua BByaaTT, 'ckbobb toaomecKifl npoasBeseaia Caoñ.Tbcicaro; cipyaa spormeoicafl a
aoja-1 5 8 KAPJIB C H O tjItC Klß.
THTCCKaa, CBtaaa ayBCTBemiaa cipami. k b Hacaa)K,fl,eHÍK>, KOTopaa cÓJiHHcaaa ero 6oJiBine ci. BaHTepoMB, hIimb ci. KaKHMB-jmßo .upyraMB .mpniecKHMi. hostomb coö-
ctbchhoh CTpaHBi, b lOHOfflecKoe yBaeieme H,a,eajioMB yMCTBeanon h nojinraiecKOt
cboóo^bi, 6aaron;apa KOTopoMy ycTaHaBJiHBajiacb cbh3b Meat^y hhmb, cb oæhoh cto- poHH, h ero 9noxoH) b MipoBoio HCTcpieio cb Apyrofi.— OöaaflaeTB jib ohb h TenepB
tok) ate 3j{opoB0H)j cB'IwKeio BiieiaurHTeaLhoctbio? liaxoïiiTca an ohb h TenepB bb
CBS3H co cbohmb BpeMeEeMB h ero Bciopiero? 9to BonpocB, na KOTopBift nocai^Hie coHeTBi no9Ta ne ähiotb bhojihè y^OBaeTBopHTeaBHaro OTirliia.
CHofiaBcitifl, K3KB H03TB, lypncTB. Ohb same Bcero oôaeicaeTB bb cthxb ny- TeBBia BueiaTainia b3b Mthjiííí, _ H en an in, ‘[»pamijn, /laniu h repuami!. tIto mbi paHBme Bcero h npeat^e Bcero nepeacHBaeMB cb hhmb, bto no$3,a,KH na roH^oaaxB, ocMOTpu KapTHBHBixB rajuiepefi, nocoaBcme tíaaBi h ^auiHeóeabHbie Be ne pa Ha Ky- naHBaxB; ohb, iiOBH,pMOMy, h IÜBepiio paäCMaTpHBaeTB ,,b3b okohb BaroHa“ ; bb
ero aaBÓOMÍ HMteTca iipaina h3b Heanoaa, ropjraa Moao^aa sÎByinKa b3b Capa- roccH, 6pa3BaBflHi!a, HBiraHKa, Kpeoana, napaatasKa a a b í iipaaipuni,
HapacoBaH-HblH B C i CB CM'fiilOCTMO H H3flin,eCTB0MB,---- HO 9T0 BCe He ÖO.’lf.e , KaKB
BOCHOMH-n aBOCHOMH-n ia TypscTa. J iy im e Bcero to, mto hohth bc'é btb :j t k w.i naiiiicaH M c a v ia im o , HatíponieHBi iio jB b jiíh h íc m b MBHyxHaro b^oxhobchíh, h asniB OT^iiaBHBie h3b h h x b, KaKB, n a r p ., HiatOTopBia HCDaBCKie, 3acTaBaa»TB sacB jiyMaTB, óy^TO p iuibio íiy ie m e -
c t b íh 6hjio emchho 9T0 coópaBie 9TK*aoBB. He M ory He CKa3aib npa to m b, kto CTOaB pfeKO DpOBBaaKIHlifiCa BB HI1XB aH6epaaE3MB H03TH HOCBTB OineiaTOKB x a - paKTepa lypHCTa. JBoöobb h H e iia e rc n . H3o6paataiOTca b b cBa3H cb iv ik t u m h, OTi,aaeHHHMH saeMeHTHMH. Ho3t b ne noKaoHHHKB ria m m ia u naaMeHHbifi B p a ri.
BCHKarO poj^a D pH ltC H eH ifi. H o MOIKBO OTHOCIlTŁCfl CB CTpaCTHBIMB HerO^OBameMB KB
npecaixoB aH iio B po cB iią eB ia — b b Pmrfc, h cb jk h bh m b coiyBCTBieMB k b cbo6o,h;4—
b b Hyacßoä yrHeiaeMOfl cTpanls, h b b to ate BpeMa BC TptiaTB, KaKB ho9t b, chm hü óaarocKaoHHBifi npicM B b b jiioöomb CKananHaBCKOMB c a a o B i. H aceaaaB óbi, btoółi
CpeflH 9THXB ro p a iIIX B H 3a,HymeBHŁIXB H3.1ÍHHÍH npOTHBB (JlOpMB THpaHnilt, BparOMB KOTopBixB możkho H83tiBaTB ceöa, He nopaataa h He oiTaaKHBaa hh ochoto cjinaHciepa
b b C itaH ^H H aB m , BaiiMOCB 6 u x o t b fŁckojibko, KOTopaa othhhh Óh xa pa m e pB CaaOHHOH U033ÍH y CÓOpHBKa CTHXOTBOpeHiS, COBepmeHHHXB HO (jm pM i H ó a a ro p o fl-
HB1XB BB CaMOMB XOpOHieMB CMBICJli 9TOTO CHOBa.
Ch o iij ib c k íh— I109TB, MacTepcKH B .ia .u 'iio m iH nepoM B h itapaH jiauiO M B . Bb o a -
HOMB H3B CBOBXB COHCTOBB OHB TOBOpHTB, KTO COBepHieHCTBO H3BIKa H CTHM, OT-
jiH H aioniee e ro c ra x o T B o p e flia , oôycaoBJiHBaeTca óopBÓoio e ro c b H eno jpiaioiiiB M ca HCKyccTBeBHOH o 6 p a 6 o T K Í M a ie p ia a o M B ; Tpy^HO h o b^p h t b 9T0My; (JiopMa e ro c th xo- TB opeH ift n o iT H B c e r^ a TaKOBa, kto b c b o jib h o ro B o p H in b ce6-fe: t k k b o ó a e K a ro ica b b (fiopM y c jio e a t o j b k o T o w a , Kor.ua n e B C T p tia iO T B H a n y m HHKaKBXB npenaTC TBifl.
Hmaa CHoflaBCKaro, n o a y ia e u ib b o b c h k o m b c a y i a t s ific T B y iO Ą e e ocofieHHO n p ia r a o H a H H Taieaa B n e i a r a t a i e , k to n e p e ^B HaMH M acTepB, noH H M aiom ift ocHOBaieabHO CBoe HCKyccTBO, H H K or^a He BbinycKaioni,iH b b c b'Ét b noaoBHHHaTOH p a ó o r a h He
KAPJTL CaOflJibCKlft. 1 5 9
no3BOHínomifl ceó* Hilero sujieTTiiHTcuaco. Ero rjiaimaH caía, Kara, xysoaHHKa, aaKJiroaaeTca bt. hpkocth a TenaoT* KpacoKT., ho so Kaaofi cieneim oin. BJias*eTT>
peMecaeHHoñ CTopoHoñ CBoero acaycciBa, jOKa3i»iBaeTca pasoto coHeioat, KOTopue, 6htb Montera, caMH no ce6* He socTaBH.ra 6u eMy toh cnaBU, Kaitoio OHB bt, HacTOflipee BpeMH HOJib3yeTCfl, ho KOTopue bc í oneHb xoporan. Meatsy ero cTnxoTBopeHiflMB ii 3T. Heanoaa caMtifl Jiynmia, Cutb Moatert, „ N i n a l a l a v a l i da j a “ , KOTopoe saen. Hanrc. H3o6paaeHÍe nojiHaro hchshii anua, sa.ibirl;iiuiyto cysbóy 'noToparo He Tpysno npesyrasarb, a ,,C h i a j a 11“, pncyioipee lomo-UTajib- flHCKÍH TIIHT. BT, OSHOMT» HpKOMT, OÓpa3*; HO BC'Il 0TaabHHCKÍH CT0XOTBOpeHÍH TaaT'l, B1, ceói jiynH KiKHaro co.rana, same ,„Ho hísji hb a a no r o s a b i Ph m* ‘ ct, ero opHrHHa.ibHOH) ctbxotbophoio (jiopMOio, saate rpapio3Haa apoTHiecKaa uiyTKa T p o tt> C n p e H u “, jocTOflaas yneHHKa Koppesacio. Bt. bboshomt. cTHxoTBopeHÍH CHOHSbCKifi OfiBflBJiaeTB, 110 OHT, BOCHÍBaeTT. T0.1BK0 TO, HTO B0CnpHHH.1T, BC*MH CBOBMH IlHTbK) BHÍ1IHHI1MH lyBCTBaMB, HO CTHXOTBOpeflia HcnaHiH, c.TÍisyH)ipiH
3a nepBbiMT> cCophhkomt,, phtmt, KOTopbixi, hocbtt, vapainepi. óoaiie Bombín h Coate cooTB'tTCTByeTT. cosepaiauito, ne coraacyroTca Bnoimli ct. btoio nporpajuon;
BT. hhxt, HaÓJiosaiOTca Hep^SKO HesocMOTpu, a aaaeropia ótreaerc, imorsa h* - cko» ko HaiaayTOio ( „ Al o e n , T i t i a u s A r i a d n e “). 3a to OTS*abHbia cuxotbo pesia hst, flama (,,Ha r o p H p a a , “ „T Ih.1hr pb m c t b0“ 0t.s. jouimaioTca
xenaoTOK) r n a h óaecKOMT, pacora n itain, óh upoHiiKHyTti nauaxosn, KJieBepa, meaftameMi, co.iobt.s h jiIithhmt, bTstpomt,, syiomHMi. ct> 3yHsa.
Ho CaofiJibCbin oTanaaeTca He ^oamso cbohmt, yM'lnieMi, pHCOBaTb BoenpnHaToe
0MT. 0 onHCbiBHTb cboh BrieiaTaTmiH bt. ÓaarosByiHHXi, cTii.xa.vi. Bt, ayuran, ero CTHXOTBopeHiaxi. aaM'biaeTca BoosymeBaenie, .lapiiiecKÜi uoaen., BbiSBanubiñ o m -
cth íoHOiuecKOH) oTBaroio, oiaacTH ropaneio CHMnaTieio ivBCTByiomaro cepspa. Momo
d ílT b H03T0MT,, HamiCaBT, T0HBK0 3TH HHTb CTp0<f)Ti.
„yTpoM'b cb. IloTpT. co b3soxomt> noKHsaeTT, cboh BaTHKaHi.. Bo ficen OKpy- atawmeíí npnpos* passaeTca npara: Tcnepn npoóyawaeTCH BenHKiií flam,!“
„JKh3hb, imanan Tgnaa 11 sBH3i:eHba, spomarb ott, xoaosa, CKOBaHuaa l i t uana, oKpyaceHBaa TajKKHMi, rueTOMT., HC3Haiomaa cnaena ct, a3uiecKHXT> npeMeHT,“ .
’ „03^ TBicaHH HoneiiT. BapbiBaeTca Hapyaiy CypHaa, xaoTHiecKaa Becna, Mope
ott. pasocTH BoaHyeTca, a Tnópi. pasocTHO KaTiiT'i cboh bojihh .
„B'bTepT. T e cnep iH c m u ik o m t. xo p o u iT ., h to ó m irfeTb n íc H b , n p o ó yjK sa io m yio OTT. CHa, SJis patíoBT.; oht, c.i i i i i u;o m i xop ouiT ., t toCh BBSbixaTb cpesu M0ni.1T., BT,
KOTopi.ni n o io a te H u bt, H acM ÍnuKy o sh! ; t o il k o c T a 'ry n “ :
„O
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cihhikomt, xoponn., htoOu ■KCtHS3bi h MOuieHHHKH Monii^ ocB'taaTbca HMT,; BOKpyrt bhcokhxt, maeMOBT, repoeBT, oht, B^era Tenepb, cboCosuijhh ropsbin!“HanpacHO n o m roBopim, iiuaTejiio, ttooht, BasdspeBaeTca noKasaTb eiiy toilko
CBOdOSHblf. T0PH30HTT, CBOefi íaBTMiH, a He OTKpHTb HepeST, HHMT, CBflTHSUlUB
CBO-HXT, a v R C T in ( N o 1 i m e t an g e r e“ ). d r a u j TpysHO aopípHTb noca* Toro, Kam, oh^ sanHcan, cTHXOTBopenie „D o a b m * '‘ ,-Móaosoe, ropance, sasynieBiioe,
iiponyucTiio-1 6 0 KAPJIB CHOfl.XLCKIH.
BaHHoe; anxopB He tojibko hb ôonxca BbicKa3biBaTb bb iieMB cboh HyBCTBa, a, HanpoTsiBB Toro, CTaBHTB cehi 3aAaxero TpoayTb ApyraxB h A^öoTBOBaxb Ha hhxb. Meatjy hoæhxhhbckhmhcxiixoTBopeaiaMn CaoitnbCKaro ecxb MHoro npeicpacHuxB;
oaho KJiaccHaecKoe no CBoeft apaeorÈ. 3xo üLcbb oôb ancxh Ha Kpunrb JJtoôôojibCKOH MeabHiipu. riooTi) onHCUBaeiB Bejtaaaßaiee rope npn homoihh cp.mmxb npocTbixb cpeflCTBi., h npn cBoeft deanpHMtpHOft aaHBHOCTH niciib xporaeTB Bach cBoero ocoôoio xapyroipeio npeaecibio. Oaa HanoMHHaexB bxhmb oaho CTHXOTBopeHie bb „ L e s c h â t i m e n t s “ , bb KOxopoMB BaKXopB Fioro onHCbiBaexB Bcfe yœacu 2-ro peKaßpa no- MOipbK) rHf,3Âa h Koau6e;iH (Livre premier, XIII).
„Fa î xboh 3,0mb, ancxB? Tbi khkb 6yAxo H iperab aero xo aa nyry? Ta ny- rjiHBO xjionaemb Kpu.ibHMH h mapoKO pacnpaBjmenib hxb—hto BOsSyatAaeTB bb Teöi TpeBoryV FaL tboiI aomb? Oxß'baafl!“
„HapB 30MOMB MeabHHKa y J(io66ojibCKOfi MeabHapu h jkhib npocxopHo, a h mou. B cauxajiB ce6a ôoraneMB, Kor^a bhaLjib, uaicB cojmpe, 3arnaAUBaa bb Moe atHampe, ocßlnpaeiB m o h x b naxepuxB caaiiHUXB Abrefi“ .
„yxp o M B pa33a.ica cxpauHbifi myMB u xpecKB: pymefiHue upHtuiaAU no.-i3.xii BOKpyrB ropu, h ao m b MejibHHKa cropiaB b b o ahhb M nrB, noAMMaa BBepxB k b oôaaiiaMB muaMa; citopo ociajiHCb oähh to-übko oöropLjiue ctojiôu— axB , moh Ma- aïOTKH eipe ne yM'Lm aexaxb!“
„Tenepb a, öesAirHBifl, 6e3A0MHUH, ôporny h Hipy cpepa BJiaiKHuxB ayroBx: a TaKB papB, Korpa Haxoacy hxb, paxcKHXB MaacayranoBB cb po30BbiMii ipexKaMn!—
ohh poaîKHbi coBpGMeneMB oxoMcxHXb 3a mohxb naxepuxB A'ÈTOKb!“
H ynoMHHy.iB o cxHxoxBopeHin „ N o l i me t a n g e r e “ . Oho cjiyacaxB Hasa- .xoMB nocji'ÈAHaro papa co n e xo B b 1872 r. OcuoBHaa ero mucju> caLAyioipaa: noaiB xoxexB ypepiKaxb cboh xyBCTBa ahh ceöa, iHTaxejno npepocxaBaaexca pocxynB t o m o
b b BepxHifi BHtmHiË cjioh 3THXB xyscTBB. KaKoe pascTOflHie oxpiaaexB axo npoH3- BeAeHie oxb xoro Bpe.weHH, kopah CHOiubCKiü n t a : „ il npimomy BiiaorpaAB, a npn- Homy po3u, a pa3aHBaro CBoe MoaoAoe bhho! “ Tenepb ewy HpaBHxca pucoBaîb cboio My3y bb o6pa3'b HeAoexynHMmeft h3b KpacaBHpB. Ohb He npepaara exB ôoabme po3B, ohb H3o6paiKaeTB „a.ïïbiiiiicKia po3u noAB chLpomb“ , ohb He pa3JiHBaexB CBoe npo- cxoe bhho, a nceiB chmb maMuaacKoe, npeABapuxejibHO saMopomeHHoe hmb ( „ A l p r o s e n , h i n v ä n o
y
j a g“ [aaimincKia po3bi, moh apjtb h a]).Korpa noaxB roßopuxB bb cBoeMB cohciL „ N o l i me t a n g e r e “ , xxo ohb ae xoxexB BUCTaBJMTb Ha bhab cbohxb xyßciBB, a AyMaio, ohb xoscxb Bupa3Hib bb 9XHXB caoBaiB CBoe Heateaanie AonycTHTb mcropoHHHXB bb MipB CBoefl aacT- non HCH3HU. Bb btomb OTHOinemii ohb BrioxH'l; upaBx; KaatAun nopaAOSHbifl, rop- Abiii u CAepMHHbift xeaoB'bKB ôyAeiB ayBCXBOBaxb to me, xxo a ohb. Ho CHOöabCKiß omiiôaexca, npeAnoaaraa, xxo mixaxeab, oôaaAaioinüî noaxiixecioiMB xyibeMB, mo- mexB, crapaa jiioôouuicxbomb, xpeöoßaxb, xxoöu ho3tb BiiycxniB erö bb xy oôaacxb xyBcxBB, Koxopaa aßaaeTca AOCToaHieMB xacxuoü jkh3hh.
M
u BOBce n ne Ay^aeMB H3carbA0Baxb xncxo aHHHyro h yAHAeimyio oxb oômecxBeHiion îkh3hh CTopoHyacnny-KAPJIB CHOHJlbCKlft. 1 6 1
îparo eipe HHcaTeaa: Kanoe naMB /yÈao no ero aiHHHXB neHaaeii h pa^ocTeft, ^od- postTeaefi h noporcoBB! Ecjih sth BneHaTatcHia
ue
OTpaacaiOTca bb ero npoH3Bep;e- HÎflXB, MH Hinero OTB 3TOrO He IIOTCpilCMT,.ïTî>tb, nycTt ohb, HanpoTHBB tofo, eipe doabuic ottîchhtbHa 3an,nift naaHB aHHHyro cTopoHy CBoefi acH3HH, htoôbi Bce doawne h doabiue, Bce cephesHÎe h noa- Hie CTaHOBHTbca h ocTaBaTbCH o p r a H O M i ! Ohb BocxHipaeTca BepaHace, bocxh- ajaeTca et, doabmeft cTeneaa, tIcmb mojkho duao oacBaaTb otb noaia, naTiiTaBina- rocfl BcaacTb npoH3BeseaiaMH TeoiJiHaa F o rn a Bo^eaepa; ho cobcc» GBoeio npo3aHH- hoctbh) BepaHace HMteTB to* rtpemiymecTBO, hto cep^pe Hapoga dbeTca bb ero rpyaa.
CTHXOTBopeHia CaoHabCKaro caaaiKÔMT, tajournam.i, hto6u hxb. Moacno duao ynpeiiaTb bt, ouraCKax'i,. Ho y a hxt, ecTb o.thht, BaacHHÏi ochobhoë He^ocTaTOKT,: mh noay- naeMB hbb hhxb Maoro CBÎ^H ifi ToabKO o caMOMB hostIc, a caHiiiKOMB Maao c b î- jeaia o jpyraxB, o tomb odmecTBi, aaeaoMi KOToparo-ohb coctohtb. Bero xo- aerb ero Hapo^i? KaKOBH ero Menra, ero Ha^eacsu, ero naaHH Ha dyxymee? 9to mh najÎHaacb y3Haîb H3B ero CTHxoïBopeHiij, Kor,a;a yeaumaan, hto ohb nepBHfi aHpraecKifi hobtb IÏÏBen;iH, a Meacay t'êmb ero cthxh canuiKOMB Maao pa3CKa3HBa- H)TT> HaMT, OC)T> 3T0MT>!
üoca'Èa.Hie coaeTH cKopie oTHMaiOTB BcaEyro HaaiejKay, hto CHOflabCKifi HMieTB bt, Ba,a;y otbîthtb Koraa-ando nyacecTpaHHOMy TirraTeaio aa ara BonpocH, yèmb B03dyacaai0TB ee. Bto(5u He aaTb noBoaa et, HeaopaayMÎHiaMB, a no3Boaro cedi 3aMÎ>T0Tbj HTO ÔOabaiHHCTBO 3THXT, CIHXOTBOpeiliH, 6CaH pa3CMaTpHBaTb HXT,, EaKT, COH6TH, npeBoexoaHO, h npaôaBHTb, hto ohh aecoMHiBHO yKa3HBaiOTB Ha doabinoM yMCTBeHHHii, ecaa He no3THHecKiil nporpeccB. Bb hhxb nposBaaeTca ropa3so doab- ine 3Haaia CBÎTa, doabine yMCTBeHHOti spiaocra, hIsmb bb doaie paHHHXB cth- xoTBopeaiaxB. Boabinoft 3anacB onbiTa noaoaceHB bb hxb ocaoBaHÎa. Mohcho aaate ci;a3aTB, htoohh nao^b onuTa noaoÔHO TOMy, khkb nepBua CTHXOTBopeHia duan naoaoMB BneaaTa'ÉHiH. Meacay hhmh nonaaaroTea Hedoabinia naacTHHecKÎa h hchbohhchhh MacTep- cicia BeinHiru, to BHTecaHHbia H3B KaMaa, kbkb „Ji ea;a h Jl ed ep;b“ , to EadHHCTHHii yKpaaienia bb crnaf, pokoeo, eekb „ P e t i t e m a i s o n “ ; mh naxoAHMB cpean hhxb raydoKOMHcaeHHbie CHMBoabi, H3o6paîKeHBHe cb doabaiHMB oerpoyMieMB, KaEB Haap., „ I I p a i K E a n o a c a “ h „ B e ] n v e n u t o C e l l i n i “ ; mhoto pa3aHHauxB to -HOBB 3ByiHTB BB HHXB, ] MyjKeCTBeHEHXB H TyMaHHHXB, HOaHHXB CKyKH }KH3HH H oatecToneHHHXB, ho b s î ohh npoHHKHyTH oæhhmb h T'iiM’i, ace HeaocraTicoMT,: nanti- eau h cKopf.e 3pHTeaeMB, tèmb y'iacTiutKOMT, bb MipoBoS acusmi. Ohh bcè hochtb totb ace CTpaHHHfi, He to apHCTOKpaTHHHHH, He to 'leactrabHMft, 060 p 0hht e a b-
h u fi xapaETepB, KOTopHMB saneHaTaiîHB nepBHË coHeTB. Heyacean hostb 3adt,iBa- eTB, CKoabKO npeHMymecTBB, icaKB no3THHecKHXB, t3kb h apyrnxB, 3aEaiOHaeTB bb ce6t h a c t y n a e h i e? Mohcho CKa3aTB, hto CHOflabCKifi îianticaaB yace caHHiEOMB MHoro coHeTOBB. Ero rcHifl ¡ji,un> icaicT, du cjihihkombaoaro 3anaio'ieHB bb 3Ty y3icyio OTHxoTBopHyro (J»opMy, 3a 14-bio npenoHaMH KOTopon ohb BHHyacjeHB duaB
a,BH-T E O P r t B P A H flE C !» . II. 11
1 6 2 K A P .ll CHOHJIbCKIH.
raïbca uoctohhho oahhmb h t-èmb æe pasvriipeHHbiMB uiaroMB; nycTb ohb' eipe pa3T> CKamen»:
„Moio^ofl moë JieB b, coCepucb cb chmmh jpa npum a h ysapau .uanoio BOKpyri C B o e fi K-rÎmcn!“
Mal- HC ïOT'ÊJIOCb 6 H CbITb HCCnpaBCMHBblMT, OïHOCHTe.’IbilO II03TU. Bb 3THÏB coneTaxi, BbieKaBHBaeTca BpeMeHaMH cBMuaTHHHoe, Ciaropowoe ayBCTBO Coin, Hanp., BB „ I I p a3ji; h e c tb i B B a e c T b n o i b i i i H “ ; BeMKOjiymHyH) h nyCoKyro npe- .aaJocTb kb noTepn'feBineH nopaaceme <I>paHniH, nensM-iauiym jhoÔobb kb nefl bh- paataerB craxoTBopeaie „ F i 11 d e n h ô g f o r s t an d ig e“ (kt, bucoko pasym ot);
HaKOHepi bb B u c ra e fi CTeneHii TporaTe.ibHOMB cTnxoTBopeHiH „ S t r a n d v r a k “ (KopaCaeKpyraeHie) roBopHTca o hLmoh neiajiH h phsChthxb Ha,nesK,aaxB. Ho ¿aace BB 3THXB lyHIBBXB H3 b CTHXOTBOpeHÎH CHOHlbCKarO BUCKa3bIBaeTCa M'iCTaMH HaHB-
H aa ro p e a b , KOTOpaaiiOTOitaMB jibeTcabomhoitixb ¿pyrnxB coaeTaxB, bb „ T h é â t r e f r a n ç a i s “ , HanacaHHOMB bb upecumennoMB tohL MHoro noiKHBmaro H ejM Bta, h bb aerapexB ciHxoTBopeHiaxB nojçb 3ariaBieMB „ L a p é t r o l e u s e “ . H He jiioCjiio 3THXB MCTbipeXI. C0H6T0BB H He « M a » , HTOÔbl MOB HCJIHlCOBI. oCBHCHHiaCb uiîMB- i h6o juihhumb. 9 th CTnxoTBopeHiH hmIiiotb bhj,b oCjie'iemibixB bb CTHxoTBopHyio (jiopMy nepeji,OBbiXB CTaTeft uaKoft-iuCo CapateBofi rasera. HeaocTaTOKB hxb 3atuno- aaeTca ne bbtomb, mto ohh BwpamaioTB yatacB h Hero^OBaHie no uoBo^y KpoBaBHXB aacM ilI, H0 BB TOMB, MTO OHH BB CHJiy yAHBHTOJlbHO BH1 0 CT B y W H (J)aHTa3iH rpynnnpyiOTB hxb BOKpyrB KypTH3anKH, t. e. ooHiipy/KHBaioT'b y/uiBHTeibHO
Me-flOHHbift BSTMAB Ha TaKoe rp a H « 0 3 H o e , ByjiKiiHH'iecKoe « B ie n ie . Mohcho jih nasBaTb H03T0MB n e iO B tK a , noynatom aro nacB , mto fltftc rB ia , KOTopua h peôeHOKB m o^ t b BHBecTb USB rayCoicaro, mroiH-i; oCocHOBauHaro O 'r a a tiia p L ia r o oôm npH aro caoa H aceaem a, h h h t o HHoe, o i î b aerKOMUCJieHHoe u p e^ u p iaT ie HhcKOJibicnxB oC esyM ÎB - ranxB MyatHHHB h nopoTHbixB »eHipHUB? Moîkho jih naniU Ti, h o s t o m b H eioB ’ÈKa, He 3aM l!Ha[om aro, mto u o a b bcLm h b t h m h HCKaœeHiHMH B eiH itnxB Hj,en h H3Bpame~
HiaMH b h o jihL noHHTHUXB nyBCTBB CKpuBaiOTca r.iyCoicie ypoKH h iipenocTepeacema t î m b, kto v m’é io t b uoHHMaTb h x b? To t b, kto u a 3b iB a iB ceCa H iK O n a ,,M ;iaA.BHMB c h h o m b nacTOam aro BpeMeHH“ , ¿OJiateHB Cm jib Cm o C jiajaT b ¿oeTaTO-muMB nyB-
c tb o m b coCcTBeHiiaro jocTOHHCTBa, HToCbi He HHcaTb TaKoro p o sa n o u iio cT en , k b ic b, H a n p ., c.TtTyioinia: m h h h c t p o m b oômecTBeHHUXB paCoTB np n KOMMyH-fe Cu.t b KaTopat- h h k b, h j ih: MHHiicTpB napoAHaro npocBiun,eHiH B ucTynH iB B nepejB c b ycTapiBraero Topnèjioio — opoorpa<J)ia naxHei'B apHCTOKpaTieio. nycTb 'niTaTc.ib cpaBHHTB b th COH6TU CHOfiJIbCKarO CB npeKpaCHOIO, ;KH3Hepa^0CTH0I0 OAOIO, KOTOpOIO CBHHÔepHB u p n - BÎTCTBOBaiB upoB03rjiaiueHie bo Îp a H p in pecnyCiHKH, h o u b nofiMeTB pa3HHn,y B 3 n a - î;o b b u a coBpeMeHHyio Hcropito .u îC e p a ib iia ro nosTa hno9Ta b iio u iiTi CBoCo^OMucnamaro.
CHOHJibCKÎn ria^uTB Ha BceMipHyio HCTopiro nocih^naro xecaTiurtiia cb tohkh spiHia H eaoB oibuaro, ^ p o H ^ e p a . H, uecoMHt.Hiio, hLtb HHKaKOft hphhhhu pasoBaTbca hjih CbiTb chokoiihumba m nejioB'ïiKa cbthkhmb yMCTBeHHHMB HanpaBie-
HieMB H TaKHMH cHMHaTiaMH. Ho ¿aine neaajib h Ccbhokohctbo He ¿ojmhu Cujih
K A M B CaOfljlbCKIH. 1G3
<5h npiiHHMâTb Ta ïcoro xapamepa naccHBHofi pacTepaHiiocra h HenoHHManis. IIo-
c n in s e e bo bchkomb c n y i a t He 00310110. K a K a a nonb3a lyBCTBOBaTt ceôa pa3npa- 5KeHHtiMT> xonoMb BceMÎpHOH Hcropin! Hano ho pa3npamaTbca. a CTapaTbca noHaTb ee. Haine pasnpameme ae noBpenuTb efl, ho Haine noHHMame Momerb npaflecTb hhmb noJiB3y, h npoeKTï. n p o e n a n ,n,o tBxb nopb, noKa Haurn Mea™ h menania He
ocyipecTB aT ca (coHeTt „ T h ’ é â t r e f r a n ç a i s " ) — ^ÈTCKaa <|>aBTa3ÍH. „EBpona bbi- poena h BpeMa HacTa.no“ .
$p enepiœb HanynaHB-Mronnepb aacTO roBopanb cb ynbiÔKOio HaMb, MonontrarK
„ïïpemne Bcero ciapaËTecb He 3aTepaTbca, khkb PeËHB, bb necKaxb OKono JleËneHa!“
<jH0HJIbCKÍH em e M OIOJB, OHB CJffllHKOMB H0JI0HB ¡KH3HH H 9H eprÍH , CiHfflKOMB TanaH T- .UHBb, HTOCtJ 3aK0HHHTb CBOH) HOSTHieCKyiO K a p b e p y pOJIbK) He^OBOübHarO. Ohb bb 3T0MB CÓOpHHKÍ CTHXOTBOpeHiË „paC H pO ipanC H “ CO CBOeiO nepBOH) MOnOÆOCTbK) H, nOBHfl,HMOMy, HOKOHIUJIB COBCÍMB Cb ea p03aMH H ea MOnO^MMb BHHOMB. Ohb CB ro p b K o fi ynuÓKO ft H a ô n io n a n b , K aK b p o3bi y B a n a n n , a M ononoe bhho o ô p a m a n o c b B b y ic c y c b . Ho mm H a n t o ic a , ito éro 3p in b iË B03p a c T b np aH eceT b HaMb HOBue, eip e C o n te npeK pacH bie n n o n b i h h b ît h! OhbcaM b B b coH erfs „ U l B e p i a “ n o c r a - BHJib ce6t 3a n a iy , KOTOpy» H a M tp e H b n p e c n t^ o B a ïb bb óynym eM B . E ro p o nnH a HyacflaeTca B b tomb, itoôh dtîi 3an a s a C u n a p a s p ’iiiiie iia , a OHb totb HMeHHO ie -
nO B tlC b, KOTOpblII n O Œ e H b UOCBHTHTb 3T0Ë D ,tnH CBOH Tpyn,b.
IL (1883 r.)
nocnt MHormb n tra Moniaaia CHofinbCKifl bb 1881 r. H3nanb tomb ,,H 0- b h h c T H x o T B o p e H i a “ h3b HaiiHcaHHMXB HMb Bb nea npenNnymie roña npo- H3BeneHÍH H Bb 3T0Ë KHHrt OÓHapyHtHnb HOBOe, BHOnHÎ! rapMOHHHHOe HaCTpoeHie.
Bb 3THXB CTHXOTBOpeHiaXB ffÈTB HH OÆHOrO TOHa, KOTOpHÜ He ÔHnb ÓH B3HTB yBt- penHO h He 3Byianb BnonHt hhcto. 9totb côophhkb MenKHXB xynomecTBeHHMXB npoH3BeneHÍft npoH3BonHTB HeoÔMKHOBeHHoe BHeiaTjrÈHie npHMnpHTenbHaro chokoë- CTBia; Hcae3na HCKpamaaca ayBCTBeHHaa BOCHpiraiinBOCTb Mononocra; mícto ea 3a- CTynana nonnaa yaacma 3anyineBH0CTb, HtiîOTopaa nosTHiecKaa híhchoctb; oHa b h- CTynaeTb He TonbKO bb t íx b HeMHorHib craxoTBopeHiaxb, bb KOTopbixb aporaiecKoe lyBCTBO TonbKO cæaTO, MenbKOMb npoÔHBaeTca Hapymy, ho h HaraanuBaeTb cboë OTneaaTOKb CTonbKO ate Ha ToiKy 3ptH¡a, cb itamoñ hostb cmotphtb Ha hctoph- aecKia mihocth n OTHOineHia, CKonbKO h na ero B3rnan,b Ha (Jinrypti h oCpa3H CyaHiiiHOH mH3HH, KaKb ohh npencTaBnanHCb eMy bo BpeMa ero npeÓMBania bb iy - mnxb CTpaHaxB h bb npyrnxb aacTaib. BonbinoË aanacb Mnpa h kpotocth oôpa- 30Banca Tenepb bb ero nyint.
CHOiinbCKii cntnanca inBenoMb no M03ra KocTefi. Ohb cb ConbniHMb TanaHTOMB h ropaieio nioCoBbio HocBaTHnb ce6a CBoeË 3anait— H3o6pa3HTb bb iJiopMt poMan- cobb panb HBneHiË HCiopHiecKoË atH3HH HlBepin, h HapHCOBanb panB
HCTopaae-1 6 4 k a p i b cao fuibC K ifi.
CKHXB KapTHHB BB pO lt TÈXB, KOTOpiJfl pHCylOTCH <|>. P03CH0M1), 3aiyUIC}!HblXB, BBI- TIOlHOHnblXB CO BOOK) TipaTeJILHOCTMO 3HâT0KB; mejiaKHIiarO BtpHO H306pa3HTL Me6- jinpoBKy H koctiombi. KoHeaHO, ero CTHXOTBOpeuia hc Moryn. ne-TiauoMHirrb MrI; - ciaMH oöpaÖOTKy PyHeÖeproMB t îx b ate ciomeTOBB, tojibko iianucaHbi ohh 6o ■ jiie yTOH'ienHHMT) h3bikomb. JIjx b CHofljiBCKaro nbijiaert BOCTopmeimoio .tio6obi>k>
kt> poiriHt n Kopojno; Kapur, PycTaBw h Ocicapu si bjiîiîotcm j neio npeiMeraMH caMaro ncnpennnro, h3 hbho -itrcKaro noK.aonenia; bo BpeMn Bctxi, ero lOHOiiiecKHXB crpancTBOBanin n KoaeGaiiiii KopoaeBCKO-HiBeiCKiii hybctbh coxpaHiiancb HenoBpem- AeimuMH Bi. ero iy m t. Ohb c itia a c n Han,ioBajiBBi,iMB hobtomb, ho cobcîmb Hem»
TOMB CMhIC.lt», BT» KHKOMB il XOïtlT», HTOÔhl OHT, C ltiaiC Ä HMB. rMHt ÔO.lbllie npaBMOCb 6h, iTOÔbi ohb cohhhjuib bb coraacin ci, coBpeMemioiO ;kh3Hi»io IIIRenia, a He e t es BCTopmecKHMH naMaraiiKaMn. CitaaBiimcb floate napionajibHUMB, Cnoüib- cKifl c a tia icn BMtcTt CB t1»mb MC'Hte coBpeMenHbiMB. (Ohb OHHTb craiB coBpe- MennbiMB iiHcaTCieMB bb no3AHtflmeMB cÔopHHict CB cTHxoTBopeiiieMB „.I p o r s- 1 in s f a b r i k e n “ , Ha <}>ap<fiopoBon (¡laflpnKt).
P»b to me BpoMH CHonjibciiin c itia a c ji floate ryMaHHbiMB hbthhgckhmb. I Iohtf. Bct ero cTHXOTBopenijr nocBiimeHbi iipociaBieHiio loApoitToaefi: xpaflpocm, BrI;p- hoctii Bomia h jiaccaia, jiroÔBH 3a rpoôoMB, cocTpaiaHin kb necwTHhiMB, cynpy- atecitaro lo iîtp ia h H ta o c ra n t. a. Bb npeh-pacHOMB cTHXOTBopcHiu „ r e i i e - p a i b H i a “ yKa3biBaeTca, nanp., KaitHMB o6pa30MB iame noiarpa ciaparo, xpaflparo cynpyra He npoH3BOjHTB OTTajiKHBatoiparo itfiCTBin na ero MO.ioi,yio npeiaHuyio ateny. 3iiMtHaTeii»H0 noBTimecKii flopeTcii aBTopB bb „ Mk j o h h e h i h „ Ci n 111- k o m b n o3i h o“ cb paBHOiyuiieMb kb AIiihocth iioieü, nocTaBjieHHbixB bb 6.ia- ronpiaTHbui 3KH3HeBHhm yciOBia. ITocatiHee ciiixoTBopciiie, imoflpamaioinec pacKaimie neaoBto, KOTopuii h3b HHCTtfimefl it im hc noian» mhjioctlihh, oimiaKOBO xopomo
P»b to me BpoMH CHonjibciiin c itia a c ji floate ryMaHHbiMB hbthhgckhmb. I Iohtf. Bct ero cTHXOTBopenijr nocBiimeHbi iipociaBieHiio loApoitToaefi: xpaflpocm, BrI;p- hoctii Bomia h jiaccaia, jiroÔBH 3a rpoôoMB, cocTpaiaHin kb necwTHhiMB, cynpy- atecitaro lo iîtp ia h H ta o c ra n t. a. Bb npeh-pacHOMB cTHXOTBopcHiu „ r e i i e - p a i b H i a “ yKa3biBaeTca, nanp., KaitHMB o6pa30MB iame noiarpa ciaparo, xpaflparo cynpyra He npoH3BOjHTB OTTajiKHBatoiparo itfiCTBin na ero MO.ioi,yio npeiaHuyio ateny. 3iiMtHaTeii»H0 noBTimecKii flopeTcii aBTopB bb „ Mk j o h h e h i h „ Ci n 111- k o m b n o3i h o“ cb paBHOiyuiieMb kb AIiihocth iioieü, nocTaBjieHHbixB bb 6.ia- ronpiaTHbui 3KH3HeBHhm yciOBia. ITocatiHee ciiixoTBopciiie, imoflpamaioinec pacKaimie neaoBto, KOTopuii h3b HHCTtfimefl it im hc noian» mhjioctlihh, oimiaKOBO xopomo