Haaa-3 8 HCAÍÍfl TETHEPa.
caHHoe Kor¿a-aB()o FeaepoMa. Oto cTaxoTBopeaie BupaacaeTa Ba apeitpacHbLxa ¡i BpesBtiiaftHO opariraajibHbixa CTaxaxa BOCXBaaeaie óoroBa a .rnojieñ aaoxa fl3biae- CTBa Ba BH^b acaaofibi Ha axa Hcie3HOBeHÍe, ho, HecMorpa Ha rjiyóoKyro pa3Hapy
bb CTH.it, ¿yxa aToro cTHxoTBopeHia ¿o TaKofi cTeueHH HanoMaHaera B o r o b a T p e b i h“ IDaaaepa, hto Teraepa HecoMHtHHO b^oxhobhjicb iTemenia 3Toro apoas- BejeHia.
„B a ¿aaeKaxa BoenoMHRaaiaxa, Ba upenaHiaxa CTapaiiu coxpaHaaacb bh Ba
bha’í nycraxa B33i), icoTopbixa hh'ito Ha 3e M it He bk caaaxa HanoaHiiTb. Bajioe BpeMa Harne co CTpaxoMa OTBopaHHBaeTca otb Hiixa, h repoaiecKaH' jkhhhl coxpa- HH.nacb Ha ctB e p t TO.ibKO bb caraxa“ .
„Chh cnoKoftHO, npomaoe! Tboi-i noiBiirn HHKonna óoibuie He DOBTopaTca,
tboh Mean noKOHTca B'b Moraaaxa. JJpyroe naeMii MOiaTca ayaciiMB óoraMa, h ro- aoca ni>BH,a, BocniiBaBinaro Baca., 3aMO.nca“ .
H 3^rbct. Tanate citaH¿HHaBCitoe h rpeaecnoe a3UHecTBO caaaacb bb ojiho bb
ero BoenoMHHaniaxa.
Bb ¿tiicrBHTeabHOCTH 3TOTa ,,a3biiecKÍfla BJieMeHTa Ba ero HaTypt iipoflBaaca Ba HeMa Haaóoate 6accTam,HMa oópa30Ma anuía a o c it Toro, nana OHa npHHaaca 3a H3yaeHÍe ¿peBHe-rpeaecKOa aHTepaTypai. Batea OHa no3HaKOMnaca ca ¿o-xpa- CTÍaHCKOK) KyabTypoio, Koropaa ¿ocrarajia anorea CBoero BeaHnia He Ba ihhhoíí
(íopbót, a Ba npn\inpaioni,en boc apacoTi. OHa yBajrbaa, nana ryMaHHoe Haaaao pa3BHBaaoca oaHOBpeMeiiHO h Ba peaariosHOMB, n Ba iiosTaaecKOMa OTHomeHiaxa.
Ca tohkh 3pÍ5HÍH 3Toro Mipa ftpacoTbi TO cBepxaecTecTBfiHHoe, KOTopoMy iipoauoe CToatTie ca 'raKHMa cTpacTHbiMa yBaeaeHicMa oóaaisaaao BOHHy, He B03Óyacaaao óoaame paaapaateHia, a oraaaaao caivio coóoio, itaita M3anu]Hee. TerHepoBdda aeH3Ma BHataaaa H3a ceoa noaeMH'iecKÍH aaeMOHTB h B3aMtaa 3toto BocnonHaaa y 3iaa- HOBa n ía noKaoHeHie pa3yMy h itpacorl;. Mhcto HeiOBtaecicoe, cayatHBraee raaB- HHMa ocHOBaHieMa rpe-iecitoa ho33íh, oópaTHiocb iienopt aaa Hero Ba ochob- Hyio npacoTy BCaKoft H033ÍH; óaaroaapa 3T0My OHa Ba TeaeHie Bcefi CBOeft atH3Hii OTKa3biBaaca npa3aaTb Taita Ha3biBaeMyio óorocaoBCKyio no33¡K). Oto He pa3a oÓHapysKHBaaocb, Haap., a Ba OTaoineHia ita cTHXOTBopeHiaMa CTaparo í ’paaa.eHa, KOTopua Booóme Haxoaaaa Ba aaa,t Temepa ropaaaro a acKpeHHaro aonaosanKa.
OHa nnmeTa o íipaHaeHt BpaHKMaHy cat¿yiomee (Ba 1823 r.). „üpeicpacHoe Ba KOHut KOHaoBa noKOHTca Ha pasyMBOMa, noxoÓHO CBO¿y, KOTopbiií, itana 6bi hu 6íJJia bhcokb, Bcerji,a hmIictb neBn;i,nMyio onopy Ba CTlinax'i, xpaMa. Ho CTtau xpaxia Harnero B03HOÓaeHRaro <J)paHiieHa cihhikomb pa3yKpauieHbi oópaiiaMa—koto- paie iipaxaiO'n» ana MpanHuñ BHji,a“ . 0 „ K o a y M Ó t 4' Toro ace ao3ra OHa iihiiictb
resina jrbTT, cayera, catioBaTeibao, yace 6 y ¿yin enacnonoMa: „A nana 0jia3OKa 6aiaa oTa 3Toro óojite cBfeatiñ h ca.i i> h i>i ii poMaHTH3Ma óe3a aereaba a non utokk
na oópaareHiio a 6e3a MaccioHepoBa! H ueHaBaacy, apocra MeHH Boace, xaHacecKiii TOHa nana Ba hch3hh? Taita a Ba ao33Ía u. A eme ‘lepesa aeTbipe io¿a Ba o¿HOMa H3a ero naceMa roBOptiTcn; „ HhOomchoctI) MoateTa 0f>iti> bo BceMa no.ienHa, ho Ba
HCAHB TETHEPB. 3 9
no33ia OHa B03dyataaeTB coMHtHie, TattB KaKB no33ia HHKoraa Be Moaten Bnom i H3daBHTbCH OTB JI3I,tMCCKiirO SHCMCHTa“ . HoTHI IIO^OOlIUMB ate 0dpa30MB OHT> BHCKa- 3i>iBajrb Ty ate mbicat bb nocaiaHift ro,a,B CBoel 5kh3hh (1840 r.) no noBoay TOMa CTHiOTBopeHifl, Dpnc.iaHHbixB eMy flonepBio ojiHOfi CTapoii npiflTeabHHn,«; ohb ateaaaB 6m otb ayrnu, roBopnrb ohb, BocxnipaTbca hmh, ecan He pa^n caMOH nnca- Te.ibHHUu, to pajn ea Maiepn, no „cotihkomb doatinoe xaHatecTBO, BHpaateHHoe bb hhxb, npeicTaBaaeTca mh4, CTapoMy a3i>riHMKy, Bceraa h4ckojilko doafeHeHHHMB a MyTHblMJ.
Bb npoTHBonoaoatHOCTb odbiHHoii siaHepi (ocodeHHO ayxoBHHXB ann,B) npn- KpbiBaTb, yjiaaaTb nan craaatHBaTb BonbHoayMHbia aepTu bb npoH3BeaeHiaxB Bean- khxb coBpeMenfluxB yMOBB, TeraepB npn bcbkomb yaodHOMB noBoai B03paataeTB npoTHBB TaKoro poaa ^IniCTBift. Ero OTKpbrraa, ray6oKO necTHaa HaTypa He MoateTB He npoiecTOBaTb npoTHBB odMaHa, Kanofo dsi nijibro ohb hh npHKpwBaaca. Apaepc- nappB npHBopiiTB hhcbmo, itoTopoe TeraepB itpBcaaaB eMy, nscfemaa o noaynemH aMB ero B a f i p o H O B C K a r o M O H o a o r a “ .
„Baaropapio Teda 3a TBoero BaflpoHa... Mb’! Kaateica, hto tu B'fepHo n no- 3THiecKH H3o6pa3MB opHraHaabHbifl ocodeHHoerH 3Toro ypnBHTeabHaro h apKaro rema. Mory B03pa3HTb tohbko, hto th He odpaiMB pocTaiorao BHHMaflia Ha pean- rio3HHfl 3aeMeHTB. BaipoHB, noaodHO TeTe, 6ujn> daaropopHHMB a3bitHHK0MB. Y Hero He 6uac HadoatHocra, cocTaBamoipefi npHHaaaeatHoeTh bcskoh peanrin, bb HeMB atHBH dbi.iH cBiTcnaa Bipa, arodoBi. h naaeataa. Ho TaKoro popa HacTpoeHia cy- mecTByioTB y donbiirancTBa rartB Ha3UBaeMUXB^no3TOBB-xaHmeii, cbtJ;xb hoob KaKB peanrio3HOCTb Bouiaa bb Moay h My3a odnanaeTca bb nacTopcKyio pacy. H HeHa- BHHty BCHKaro poaa KOKeTCTBO, dyab to xpacTiaHCTBOMB, nan reHieMB, wm Kpyate-
bhmh; h a CTaB.no BaflpoHy bb 3acayry to, tto ohb, noaodno bcIsmb aymnHMB aaTypaMB, npe3apaaB napaanpoBaBie nyBCTBaMH, KOTopwxB ohb bb aiftcTBHTejib-
hocth He HMlsaB. BbiTb MoateTB, duao 6bi He6esnoae3Ho yRa3aTb emchho Ha 3Ty ocoderiHocTb BaftpoHa. Ho bb cyipHocTH sto mojoth“ .
Ecaa TernepB BHFta3UBaaB TaitHMB o6pa30MB HiKOTopoe HeaoBOHtcTBO. coBpe- MeHHOto peaHrio3Horo no33ieto, to npumiHa 3aKaro'iaaacb raaBHHMB odpa30MB bb tomb, hto no33is caMa iio cedi Ka3aaacb eMy cnaoio peaHrio3Haro xaparrepa. Bo- CTopateHHoe yBaeienie npeacTaBaaaocb eMy o6ihhmb npH3HaK0MB peanrin a no33iH, h CTpeMaeHie kb npeaay He poaatHO duao, no ero MHimio, hh bb no33iH, hh bb piHCTBHTenbHOCTH ciaHOBHTbca bo BpaataedatiH oTHomeHia cb jkh3hbk> bo Bee® ea iHHpoKoft, HeaoBinecKoft noaHorb. Boodipe ohb CTamiT b papoMB peaiiriio hno33iio— no Kpafinefl Mi;pf, TaKB KaateTca—ho nnorpa ohb nptmaeTB no33iio doaie odmnp- humb^ MHoroodB0MaioipHMB [lOHjn’ieM'i, h BFUKi'iaeTB bb Hero n peanriio.
npnMipB nepBaro B3raapa mojkho nonepnHyTb H3B nncbMa kb BparntMaHy, bb KOTopoMB ohb 3aKaHMHBaeTB bb BLiciiieii CTeneHH CTpacraoe Hanaaenie na hI;- KOTopua peaHrio3Hua npeac'rai!.:ienia c.riiayfomnMn caoBaMn: „.(oporoii dpaTB, a chh- Taio ceda tukoki ate nosTHHecKoro HaTypoio, kbkb h doabiMHCTBO hostobb, h bjo
-4 0 HCAÍÍJÍ TETHEPB.
fÖaBOKT» HtCKOHbKo' ÓOlte nOSTHHeCKOK), M’tMB (£0C$Of»CTO, KOTOpHC G¡MH Ha3bl- BaiOTTi eeón iiobthhockiimh HaïypaMa, xoth hbkto He 3a » s o3płiaB 6u iixt» bb otomb. P e J I U r i f l H H 0 3 3 Í H — Kpbl JI BH 4CJI O l i t t e CT S», K O r j a OHO X O 1 e TT.
ji e T a T b, h a ace.iajn. 6u, mtoóu oho Mame o6Hapy.KHBa.io sto meianie, thkt. Katrb B i Tanom cayaat a a nonuTajicji 61.1 aocatxoßivvb aa hhmb. Eto o6mkho-
bchho jiioah, hoaoóho bc-Łmb ApyniM i ÓJiaropsayMHUMT. a iitp a m , xoahtb Ha cbobxb
AByxT, Horaxm; a y siena coxpaaiiJiocb emo cto.i i.ko CKanxHHUBCKoa Kpowi otb CBoeft KOpMHJiaHH, MTO H 3HaiO H MVBCTByK), HCHOCTb pa3yMH H CBÍ5TT. paaCVHtAGHifl AjOlHiHH 6uTb bb 3T0MT. caynat pyKOBOxamaMa CHJiaMn“ . flpaiatpB H3o6paHten!ii TeFiiepoM'b no 33 i a bb Biu-fe oóiparo iiohhtíh, oxBaraBaiomaro H peiarim, mu HasoxmiB bb
nacbsrt kb Taróepry, namicaHHOMT, 3a Ht.CKO.ibKO Arm xo toto: „Booóiąe a bco
óoibinc a óoibuie B03Bpamaiocb kb mohmb CTapusn, meam, hmchho wo. aoasia ca- Moe MacToe, BoaBbitneHHOe Bbipanwaie aeiOBtaccTBa, a hto bco, mtomu chiithcmb
ÔJiaropoxHbiM-i, a bucokhmb bb aeiOBtaecKosn. po«*, aaiacTca i m uuoMMtHe- HieM-b ea. Thkhsib oöpasosn. a peiaria apexcTaBJuierb bb a-ŁSctbiitoałbocth ne HHoe Mío. KaKb n p a kta m e c k y 10 noasiio, cy-ieia. 6o.ibuioro ctbojih noasia, apa- BHTbia KB xpeby jkb3hh“ . ßpyriiMH caoßaMH, peinria no33ia, bb Koropyio » t p u T B , a, c.itxoBaTeibHO, ea xorMaTiiHCCKaa aacrb o6pa3yeTB coóoro ëojiMiiyio nosMy 0 CBOpX'iyBCTBCHHOMB M¡pt, 3HäM0Hi0 KOTOpOÜ OÖyCJlOBJlHBaeTCS utllHOCTMO T'feXB.
JKBSHeHHUXB IipaBHJIB H HpaKTHMeCKHXB BblBOXOBB, KB KOTOpUMB OHH M0ÎKCTB nptt-BecTb. npaßxa, TeraepB ae x^aeTB aox.oóHaro buboxh hmchh© bb npaBexeHHbixB BbipameiiiaxB aaa coBepmeHHO 6e.3B bchkoh oroBopaa, ho stotb buboxb moikhoho- CTOHHHO MHTäTb Mexcxy cTpoKB, xaace bb tomb cjiyMat, Korxa caMB TeimepB U0X- MHHii erca cTtcueHÜiMB, uaaaraeMUMB Ha ero CBOÓoxy Bupaatemä m im m m
yciOBiaMH.
3a to TeraepB moeb apoaBim. bo ucea nojiHOTt CBoeä nyaixua apex- pascyxKOBB ryMa.HH3MB bb Bbipamema caMiiaria kb mbcto MeiOßtaecKOMy bcihmík) H KB T’tMB H3bIMCCKHMB XOÖpOX'feTCJIHMB, KOTOpblH HthOTOpblMH OCyiKXaiHCb, ItaKB nopoKH. Ohb nauieTB bb 1821 r. l'eäepy, Koropufi ne 6ujib Bao.rat opwAOKcaab- HUMB MeiOB'tKOMB, HO BCe JKe B'l’.pHXB 6C3J’C10BH0 BB CBepXBeCTeCrBCHHOC OlKpoae- Hie: „Tboh B033ptuia na pexariio itaaiyTCs smt oxHoupeMeuHO a upeKpacHUMH, h
capaBexiuBbiMH, na cko.ibko a nooóme bhoxhî yacnaiB hxb ce6t... ByxeMB ßiaro- xapmb Bora, mto nauia ßtpa xyaine a same Btpu xpcbhhxb, ho mm xojiikhh
•Bcerxa noMHHTb, mto bb Macat Bbixaroipaxca apexcTaBHTeaea MeiOBtaecTBa BCTpt-
■jaeTca MHoateerBO ii3UMecKBXB HMeHB11.
Tomkh 3ptH¡a, aa ocHOBaiiia uoTopoa BbicoMafluiee Meioat'iecKoe Bexanie oujio
XOCTarHyro bb xpeBHÍH Bpesieaa, 3aK.iiOMacTB bb c e 6 t moi Ma apH3HHHie, mto oho MoæeTB óbiTb xocTHrHyTO a bb 6 o it e iio3XHee BpcMH, a xLftCTB.iTe.ibHO xocTaraeTCH BB TOMB cay Hat, Korxa MeaoBtMecKaa HaTypa ne noxaBJiaeTCH Ha cpexHCBtKOBU0 aaxB, MTOÖU noTOMB BOcnpuHyTb bhobb, a itorxa MeaoßtMecKia pa3ysiB cb cboh- CTBeHHUMB apaBOB’tpHUMB CaMOOTpeMeiliCMB He 0TKa3bIBaeTCfl OTB BepXOBHUrO
py-IICAÍIH TEI’HKp'f). 41
KOBOJI,CTBa, HT0ÓH 3aT'l3MB BHOBb B03CrfiCTL Ha HpeCTOJlB, OHIipaflCb na nOCOXB nor- MaraKH, a Korxa, HanporiiBB Toro, pch cyipHocfb nejiOBtiecKOfl HaTypu npoaBjiaeTca
B n o -iH Í, B c e p ÍJ io , K a a i y jpeB H H X B .
Mu npiiBencMB cennacB npiiM'bpu Toro, icairb ciuibHo, khkb pteKO aio yótac- jeHie BHCKa3aaocb y TerHepa. Ho cuanana ocTaHOiuiMca Ha MimyTy .pa H3JionseHÍH ocHOBHoro ero B3rM ia Ha othohiohíh, cyrn,eeTByiOHi,ia Meauy xpncTÍaHCTBOMT> h H3une- CTBOMB. ^'fejIO BB TOMB, HTO X|)IICT¡aHCTBO HC npejCTaB JlllOTCH eMy OTKpOBeHÍeMB BB pepKOBHOMT, CMbic.if) 3Toro c.'iosa; 9to, no ero mhíihíio, ne HOBoe HB.neHÍe, He HOBoe HaaiiHaHie, a pe3yjibTarb ecTecTBORaaro HCTOpanecsaro pa3BHTÍa co3ji,aH- HblXB BB HpOIIIJIOMB )'CJIOBÍH. 9tOTB B3rMJI,T> OHB BbipaiKajl'b BB CaMblXB pa3- H006pa3HblXT> (JlOpMaXB, HO HHIXÉ I1C BbICK33aJIB ero TaK'b OTKpbITO, KHKB BB uane-
c t b í eiiBCKona na coópaHÍn nyxoBeHCTiia bb Bencio bb 1836 r.; bo BpeMH 3Toro o(fi()iHii,iajibHaro TopuiecTBa ohb, no enimorjiacHOMy CBiiA'IiTejibcrBy coBpeMeiiHHKOBB, BHCTynMB co Bceio aBTopnTGTHOCTbio euHCKOucKaro cana ti bo Bcewb 6aecK4 Bbinaio- maroca yiia. Ohb oópaTiuicn kb cbobmb nacTopaMB crb yB'bmaBicMB 3HaKOMiiTbCn He TOJIbKO C'b HOBIJMB BaBÍTOM-b, HO H CB H3BIKOMB, Ha KOTOpO.VlB OHB ÓbIJIB HanHCaHB, CB HpyntMH BPJIHKHMH naMHTHHKaSlH 3TOTO H3bIKa ,,CB CBflIHOHHbIMH pyHaMIl“ , BaHHCaH-
hhmh Ha Hexi%; 3artMB ohb opoiomicajiB cb chokohhoio CM’bjiocTbio: „noToiiy hto ohh
C B H IB, e H H bl, XOTH Óbl I1XB Ha3blBaJIH H3bIHeCKHMH; MeHC/I,y HHMH pa3C’feflHbl 3aaaTKH xpncTuiHCTBa. B3bi'ieci;oe... hto 3hhhhtb co6cTBeHHO otocjiobo? Pa3BÍ mot.ho 6bi cy- mecTBOBaTb xpiicTiancTiio, ecjm óbi eMy He npenmecTBOBajio jmiHecTBO? BceMipHan HCTopia oÓBJiciiaeTB nanano Kaatnaro aBjienia; OHa He npn3HaeTB ripuaiKOBi, a TonbKO o p y HenpecTaHHyio iyfeiib, ÓcaKOiietHoe pasBHTie... OTKpoBCHie He ecTb MepT- Bbifi JiyHHbifi KaMeHb, ct, inyMOMB ynaBuiiii cb HeóecB, a jkhboc nepeBO, pa3BiiBiiieeca
h co3p1;Biuee cb TeneHÍeMB iipeMeHH, xoth ero cémh yua.io ct. Heóa“ .
'lyBCTByonib," itaicB rjiyóoiioe Bocxnmeme rpenecKOio npeBiiocTbio oiipeníJifleTB coóoio 3Ty hhcto HejioB'fe'iecityio Teojioriio. H oTcrona, khkb bh^ho h3b Bcoro, 3aBH- CBTB H TO, HTO KHKB TOJIbKO Tcraep'b XOHeTB npOC.IiaBHTb KOrO-JlHÓO, OHB He peTB cedí; nonos, nona He HaxoxiiTB toi"i ctopohu ero, cb Koiopofi bobmojkho ókijio 6u
OTKpblTb Bb HeMT> HT0 HIl6yjI,b aHTIlHHOe. ^TOÓH HaHÓOJl'ie pfelto BblCTaBHTb 3T0 6e3co3Haiejibiioe, hhcto UHCTiiKTUBHoe c’rpeMJicHie bb hcmb, ji npuBe^y iBa cjiyaaa, Kor^a ohb iipiniHMaeTCfl 3a 1130!parKCnie n.B-yx’b xpHCTiaHCKHXT. repoein> B’lipbi h
KOrna OHB CaM'b D03iKe IipiIXO/IIITT, BB BblBOüy, HTO n o ^ BJlÍHHÍeMB npeiUI3}IT0H CHM- naTin ohb BnaiiB bb oiimóity bb ceoeMB ryMaHH3npoBaHÍn. Bb cbooii P’Íihh no no- Bony loónjiea peijiopManiii bb 1817 r. TerHcpB npaniicbiiiaeTB .¡IioTepy Bcb BejiHide ryMaHHTapHbic nojB iirii, conepuiaBuiieca cb H'luibio ocnoOo;nji,ea¡a HCJiOBÍiHecKaro yMa
h cocTaBJiaroipie oTJHiHirrenbHyio nepTy Toro speMemi. Ohb npe»Ae Boero n3o6pan;aeTB JIlOTepa B03M0JKH0 ÓOJIblIie CB HeJIOB'll'ieCKOH CTOpi'Hbl, yHOMHHaeTB O lipOHCXO/KACHÍH (íypiKyasHaro KJiacca, H30Óp'feTeHÍn KHaronenaTaHia, oTKpbiTiii AMepara, ocHOBaHÍi BCeMipHOH TOprOBJlH II B03p0JKÜ,eilÍH I13yHeHÍa KJiaCCHKOBB, KHKB O CHJiaXB, OÓyCJIO- BHBIUHXB J'bHTejILHOCTb jlKITepa. 3 a T ÍM B OHB CTapaeTCJI yKp tiHHTb 3a JllOTepOMB
uo-4 2 HCAHH TECHEPt.
joaceHie anocTOJia CBOÓoaHaro no3Haaia, HasuBaen, pe<ł»opMan,iio „HOBbiMt 3aB'f;roMt 'ie.iOBl;iecKaro pa3yMa“ , BonaomaeTt, Taiit cKa3aTb, Bt jinn,t, JBoiepa Bce, hto dwa o co3;iaHO B t apoauioMt pBin,apJiMn oaccanecKaro oOpa.-iOBania, YabpaiOMt (}>OHt I'yTTeHOM'B, «PpaepoMt (fioin, CiiKiiH[’enoMr&, h BbniojipiTt (j&paHBy3CKyto peBo- juou,iio H3T.S’pe(j)opMai],iH. „PajyiOTca, roBopaTt OHt, TOMy, hto peBOHioiya b i Haoro- amee BpeMa aaKOHiena. Ho roBopa oto, omadaiOTca, noTOMy bto pcBoaiopia hhkobmb ofjpaaoMT, He naiioineiia. II po mc .tb toibko ea napt, a Teiiepc ona e t noanoio yirii- peHHOCTBIO H Ot CHOKOHCTBieMt BO B30pi HpOflOJUKaeTt ffleCTBOBaTB Bnepe^t... ¿^JIO cBodopti, parne rpaacpaHCKoa cBodopa He Hyacpaa odaacTb pan Hact. CBa3aHHaa 3a- KOHaMH CBodopa, Bt KaKOMt 6u Bn;i,f, oHa im upoaBjiaaacb, iianri. tobapaipt no B ip i. 9to Bpoac^eHHH® aKTepaHHHt, Kast u mbi“ . nociaBHMt bipŁcto „aioTepa- HHHa" „Bpoac^eHHHH aaaHHt“ , h ijipasa OKaaceTca coBepmeHHO apaBaabaoio. TerHept HcnBiTBiBaat HeypepataMoe acejiaHie co3paTb H3t xapaKTepii3yeMaro HMt ma,a repoa CBOdOAbI B t ailTIIHHOMt CMIJCal) 9T0r0 C.30BU. Ho IIOyHHTCJbHO BH/piiTb, pO KaKOfi cieneHH CMymeHHbiMt h nopaBJieHHHMt Teraept ceda ayBCTByeTt, Korpa eMy npa- iophtch óaaropapa cayateÓHbiMt OTHoaieaiaMt ópaTBca 3a doate TmaTejibHoe ii3yae- Hie HCTopHKo-TeoaoriiHecKHit HayKt h Korpa OHt 0Ka3BiBaeTca BHHyjKpeHHMMt oraa- aaTbca OTt CBoaxt CTapBiit npepcTaBaemii o repMaHCKOMt HHapiaTopi npoTeoraH- TH3Ma h npastiaTB ero cpepHeBfocoByio orpaHHHeHHoetb. Hepe3t ceMB a lrrt nocjrfe:
aroTepoBCKaro rodaaea, Korpa TerHept, anta B t Bapy enacKoacKła npecToat, poa- ateHt dbiat yraydaitca B t npoTeoraHTCKyio porMaTHKy a a,epKOBHyfO acTopiio, oat BucKa3BiBaeTt oxBaTHBaiee ero paaonapOBanie B t iibcbm,I; Kt BpaHKMaHy, CBoeMy ppyry: „H Tenept apaHaaca 3a asyneme acTopia poraaTOBt, KOTopaa onem. aoyaa- TeatHa, hmchiio B t tomi cMticai, B t aaitOMt iioyaHTcabi-io H3ytm. ToproBbia Kaara daHKpoTa, htoóbi ydiflHTbca, Kaiaisn. odpa30Mt OHt pomeat po darnipoTCTisa, He ToabKO cBoero pa3yiaa, hoii Btpbi, Ha3biBaeM&a Teaepb opTopoKcaabHoft. B rcoko e n p e p c T a B a e H i e , n o r o p o e a c o c i a B i i a t c e d i o J I i OT e p t a o pe«|>op- Maropait, caabHO aoHB3aaocb. CjKoasKo JIiOTepoBt noaapodaaocb 6bi HaMt eia,e Te- nept! 4>aHTa3ia rHociHKOBt, dypTO 3aofi MipoBOił CTpoaTeab co3paat a ycTpoaat Bce, Kaaterca mh4 poBoatHO aopxopaai,efo paa HacToamaro BpeMeHa a Moraa du cptaarbca TaKHMt ace xopoiaaMt porMaTOMt Bfepbi, Kant a MHoroe ppyroe“ .
^pyraMt apairlipoMt roro, Kant TerHept npapaert aeBoabHo cBOHMt xpa- CTiaHCKHMt utacTByioiHHMt aapaMt aHTHHHbia xapai;Tept, MoaceTt cayacaTb TyeTaBt- Apoabijit. 9to dbiat, roBopaTt OHt Bt CBoea iodaaeaHOa piaa o HeMt B t 1832 r.,
„ repoiiHCCKiiii HaTypa caMaro BeairiecTBcmiaro a ihcto 'lejioirliaecKaro rana, Kania CToab aacTO BCTp'feaaiorca Bt Tpepia a Phm^. Mohcho CKa3aTb, hto BeaaKie aio^a jpeBHOCTa cHOBa B03po^aaacb B t HeMt, ho c t oÓJiaropoaceHHbiMH aepTaMa aan,a a ct xpacTiaHCKHMii ^odpoyliTejiaMH“ . H bth BbipaateHia hc BbidpaHti cayaaaHO, a HOCHTt acao oapejitjieHHHfl TioaeMi.iec..iii xapaKTept. 9to moikho ;ioi;a:iaTb noMoiątio HaaacaHHhixt ojjHOBpeMeHHO c t araMt 4aorHbixt naceMt Teirnepa, KOTopua, Kant a Bce ocTaabHoe, apeKpacHO noacHarort npoa3HeceHHbia oiJafiHaiajibHO piaa TerHepa.
HCAHJI TEPHEPb. 4 3
Bb jieKaóp'fe 1832 r. OHb Bb ojeomb bbthmhomt. nnci>MÍ BbipaataeTb c-rpaxb no.
noBO^y Toro, hto Teñepb, KOTopoMy nopyaeHO Oí,lio roBopirrb o xomb ate npeaMeT-b,
xohctx btíchhti) oópa3b TycTaBa-AioabiJia Bb naHuapt repon B'bpu 11 jihihhtb ero coBepmeBHO cboOojki x íb c t b ííí, CBOíicTBeiiHoñ aeaoB-bKy: „H onacaioci), hto oin>
OyjeTb pa3CMaipHBaTb TycTaBa-Ajojibijia raaBBLiMb oópa30Mb KaKb Teología polémica H.ra KaKb MyieBiiKa «JiopMyabi KOBKopjaxa, KOTopaa Bpaab jih 3acayjiíHBaaa Taitón
tocto“ . Bb BHBapl) 1833 r. obx nepejaerc. apyroMy apyry npHÓaH3HTeabHoe co- lepacaHie cBoeñ p-biB Bb cabayiomHXb caoBaxb: ,,9to Oejjio, na cicojibko a iiomhk), H-icKoanKO o6iBBXb pa3cyatjeHÍB no noBoay 3Baaeaia nocabaHen boübhj TycTaBa- AjojibiJia, KOTopaa óuaa, noatajyii, pe;iHr¡03B0i0, bo bo BcaKOMb cayaai ne xeojio- rnsecKOio, no noBOjy nonaTia ,,npoTecTaHTH3Mb“ BOoOme h Toro, noneisiy Tanoro aejiOB'feKa, KaKb FycTaBb-AjiOjib^b, nejib3a npeacTaBBTb ceób MyieHHKOMb 3a KHary KOBKOpUaTa BJIH 3a HbCKOJbKO OoníC HJIH MeB'fee BbCKHXb flOraaTOBb, H3b-3a KOTO- pbixb MHoria Jinn,a aoMann Konaa“ . Kaiib bhjho H3b stoto, onb XAT-bm, bo hto Obi to bb cTaao BbiCTBBBTb aa BHjb h bbcto 'leaoB-bTOCKoe, 'ihcto rpeiecKoe Beianie SBaMeHHTaro Kopoaa. Ho rojKi ibjih 3a rojiiMH, n Ternepb pa3BHBajica KaKb Bb CMbicaÍ! BCTopnnecKaro Kpyro3opa, TaKb h cb tohkh 3p-bHÍa neaoB-bHecKoñ ayuie.
To ate caMoe anaenie, Koiopoe Haóaioaaaocb naMH npn oiiHcaniH .uhbhoctb JliOTepa, BOBTopaeTca h 3Abcb: B3oaj,b Ba repoa opTOjoitciii, BapaOoTaHBbiii hmb cb totoh
3piiBÍa ApeBHe-rpeaecKaro yMa, ona3biBaeTca coBepineBBO HeB-bpHHMb h npoH3Boai>- BbiMb. IlaTb jiiiTb cnycTH noc.rb npHBejeHiiuxb Bume onpentaeHiñ TerHepb nmneTb BecKOBy o FycTaB'b-Aaoju^ Ts: „ H,o rocnoncTByroiaHXb in, nacToamee BpeMa kocmobo-
•JHTHieCKHXb Buen OBb Bpaflb JIH 6bIJIb Bb COCTOaHÍH B03BbICHTbCa; H OHb Bpaib .ni ciHTaab ceóa npejB-bcTHHKOMb bobob bboxh. T a c B o O o j a m m c j i h, 3a k o- T o p y h) OHb 6 o p o a ca, 6 u a a h b 4 ri i Mb n h ai m b, K a K b c bo ó o j a c o b í- CTH, H B e C b M a COMHHT e a b BO, H' r oObl I i p O T e C T a H T H 3 M b n p e n c T a -
ba a a c a e m y ko r a a-a h ó o C b n p y r o f t c to p o bm, a ne c b m e t o i e - o n o r H i e c K o S “ .
Boa-be TinaTeabHoe H3ca-bjOBaHÍe n Bb 3T0Mb cayaa-b sacra,thjo necr- Haro MucaHTeaa 0TKa3aTbca otb pa3b npiiHararo noaosceHia. Ho 3to He pa3b no- Biopaiomeeca oTCTynaeHie nocaii CM-bao hco cTpacTbio HanaToa nonbiTKH OTbicKa-rb to- cto BeaoB-bnecHoe, repoñcKoe, airrim oe bo Bcbxb repoaxb, jame Bb TaKBib, aeao KOTopbixb op-roaoKcia ycn-baa oKpyatHTb cbohmt, BbHHOMb paHbuie, a-biab Teraepb Morb yKpacHTb ero CBOHMb CBo6ojHbiMb aaaHHCKHMb aaBpoBUMb B-bHKOsib, hcho no- Ka3HBaeTb, KaKb chjkho nponuKb KaaccHiecRiñ ryMaHH3Mb bo Bcb nopu ajina no.3Ta.
Oflb naiaab cb Toro, hto Bocxiunaacu BC-bMb pbinapcKH-iipHayanuBbiMb, c\rb- abiMb, HHCTOcepjeHHbiMb, aecTbio p a jil iecTn, jaiKC cb ea ni.nypauMi, 6aecKOMb.
Bb 3TOMb BOCXHiii,eHÍH, KOToparo OHb ao itoHua He yTpaTHnb, BbicKa3biBaaacb ero HBTypa; OHb lyBCTBOBaab, Kaitb jhth npapoju, KaKb cwHb cBoero Hapojar „n o
-4 -4 HCAHH TErH EP't.
TOMy n o y insejia buihc ncero ctohtb necra: nanoio Oh OHa hb óbiaa, HacToaiueio Han JioJKnoto, ho*ona Bceraa nuina bb ero BOcnoMHHaHin“ .
Ha 3TOfl ochob'í! HyBCTBB npoHcxojuuio ero BocnHTaHie hoab BaiíiHieivrb otho- meHiñ, BT> KaKH.x'b oht> HaxoAnaca kbkT) kb nponuiOMy CBoefi CTpaHH, thkb h kt>
HacToameMy. Oht> He tojibko ahth npnpoAH, ho h ahth ucTopiH, a HCTopia nocTa- Biiaa ero na pyOeadi MeiKjiy upocB'bmenieMT, 18-ro Bina u pejinrio3HOio peatípieio Haia.ia 19-ro. TerHepB hc cat,AOBaaB bh 3a 'rfeMB, hb 3a jpyrHMT>. Cb pfeKO b u- paateiiHoio caMoObiTHoeibio ohb j^íiaen. BbiOopT. Meac^y oópa30BaTeabiibiMn aaeMeH-
thmh, npewaraBiiiiiMHCfl e¡ny, ao rbxB nopT>, nona bb ero yurfe He o0pa3yeTca ca¡no- CTOHTGHbHOC IIOHBTÍe O COOCTBeHHOH HpiipOAfe, CaMOCTOJITejIbHblH B3raHAT> Ha HOaOB'fe- HecKyro ¡KH3Hb, Ha oTHoiueHia MeíKAy peaurieio h uo33Íeio, h nona Bce oto ne npa-
boahtb ero KB co3AaHÍro BejiHüaro ryMaHHCTiiiecKaro HAeaaa, cb kotophmb ohb
ateáaeTT. corjiacoBaTb A'bflcTBHxejibHOCTb eo Bcero HbuiKocTbio noaTHHecKaro 'lyBCTBa, Ataan ahh 3'roro ¡icBo.ibHbiíi h He Bcerja yAa'iHbia ycHnin. 9to He óoeBOñ HAeaffB;
ero HaexpoeHie Ohjio bb to BpeMH AHneKO ne BOHHCTBeHHoe, h totb BapBapcKift 3a A0 pT>, KOTOpblií OHB CHlITajlB y CeÓH BpOiKAeHHbIMB, DpHHHMaeTB 3A'l!Cb MHTKiñ
h npjiMHpii'rejibHbiií xapaKTepB. 9to Tan« h HexpHCTiaHCKin HAeaaB, hotomv hto
OHB o0yC.IOBIIHBaeTCH COBpGMeHHbIMB MÍp0B033ptHÍeMB, BB KOTOpOe BXOAHTB H afl- THHHoe bb KanecTB'!) A’fcHCTByiomaro 3aoAHO aaeMCirra. Ho sto BAeajiB, bb koto- poMB AoOpoe h npeitpacHoe carBaiOTca cboOoaho bb HpaBCTBCHHOe Berane h Kpa- coTy. Khkb HecnpaBeAaaBB Ohjib kb Ternepy PytieOeprB, rrorAa bb 1832 r. DHcaaB:
,,y Hero p'fcAKO 3aMl¡TaemL npoOaecitB HAeaaa, Aawe He bhahiub BHyTpeHHeft OopbObi, Koropaa noKa3aaa Obi ero nomiMaHie, htoTanoBoft iiaeaaT. cymecTByeTB bb A’feflcTBHTeab-
hocth“ . BeaHKift ([timoKin coriepHHKB TerHepa 44 roAa cayera 3aMÍ>THjiB bb npn- MÍHaHin, hto 'renepb aro yB'bpeHie KameTca eiay cjihiiikomb pHCKOBaHBHMB, ho ohb
AoameHB Ohjib CA^Jiara híhto Ooabinee: npuMO co3HaTbcn bt, CBoeñ ouihókIi.
Y II.
Ü3B rviianuTapiiaro MÍpoB033piHÍH TerHepa BbiTCKaaa bhojih'í nocjrbAOBaTCJibHO Ta noaiiTHHecKaa Toraa 3prbHÍa, KOTopoñ ohb npHAepHiHBaacH bb nepBua 50 jrfeTB CBoefi IKH3HH, a h3b ero peaHr¡03HbixB h noHHTH i ec kiixb Boasp'bniíi Hen30 Iskho bbi- TeKaan ero JiHTepaTypHHe HCXOAHue B3i jiíiabi.
Ohb He Ohjib, noAoOno OoabiiiHHCTBy hostobb raro BpeMeHH bb Tepaania h
^ aHÍH (aaiiB Thkb, EBxeHAopiJiB, 9aeHiiiaerepB, I’eñóeprB), HiiAU({)(l)epeHTHHMB bb
HoaHTHiecKOMB OTiiouieHÍH. MesKAy t ím b kbkb upeAiipiínie, bb poA'b, Hanp., Cbíi- meuHaro Coi03a, bphab aii orpaBiuo BuuieynoMHHyTbiMb noaxaMB xora Obi oahhb
nacB JKH3HH, niicbMa TerHepa noaubi HeroAOBaaia n capua3M0BB no HOBOAy 3Toro coro3a KHH3efi; bto HeroAOBauie OTaHMaeicii otb óaiípoflOBCKaro ToabKO tIimb,
hto ropAUH h caMocTOHTeabHHH aHraiiHaiiHHB BupaacaaB ero orapuro bb BeaHKHXB HOSTH'iecKHXB npoii3BeAeHÍaxB, bb KOTopHXB óe3nomaAHO OnneBaaB B.iacTirreaefi
HCAHfl TETHEPb. 45
Eßponu, Meatjy T*Mb KaKt jiyHACKiñ inH O B B ara 0 npo(j>eccopb name Bcero o rp a - HHBHBaaca rfeMb, kto paBanb no.™ cBoeMy r a t By Bb Hacraoft óec-ftA* e t m a y Ha
Eßponu, Meatjy T*Mb KaKt jiyHACKiñ inH O B B ara 0 npo(j>eccopb name Bcero o rp a - HHBHBaaca rfeMb, kto paBanb no.™ cBoeMy r a t By Bb Hacraoft óec-ftA* e t m a y Ha