Chemical & Metallurgical Engineering, Vol. 53, No. 2

FEBRUARY • 1946

Volum« 53 Number 2

S . D. K I R K P A T R I C K . . . J A M E S A . L E E ...

T H E O D O R E K . O L I V E . H E N R Y M . B A T T E R S . . L E S T E R B . P O P E ...

R I C H A R D \V . P O R T E R . E D M O N D C. F E T T E R . . R I C H A R D .F . W A R R E N .

M a n a g in g .A s s o c ia te . . .M a r k e t . A s s is ta n t .A s s i s t a n t .A s s i s t a n t .A s s i s t a n t

,E d ito r E d ito r E d ito r E d ito r E d ito r E d ito r E d ito r E d i to r

E D I T O R I A L R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S J O H N R . C A L L A H A M . , .S a n F r a n c isc o J* y* H I G H T O W E R ...W a s h in g to n E A R L E M A U L D I N ... A t la n ta R . S . M c B R I D E ...W a s h in g to n E . S . S T A T E L E R ...C hicago

M . A . W I L L I A M S O N P u b lis h e r

D I S T R I C T M A N A G E R S

E . H . B E D E L L ...N e w Y o r k J L G . F R E D E R I C K ... N e w Y o r k F R E D G R A N T ...C le v e la n d L. A . C U N N I N G H A M ...C hicago W . D . B O Y D ... . . . B o s t o n E . M . S C I I E L L E N G E R ... P h ila d e lp h ia

P u b lish ed m o n th ly . P r ic e 35 c e n ts p e r copy, p u b lic a tio n office, 9 9 -1 2 9 N o r th B ro a d w a y , A lb an y l n. y . A d d r e s s c o m m u n ic a tio n s apout s u b s c rip tio n s to V ic e -P r e s id e n t ( f o r w CT aio0nj ®Pe r a t i ° n s ) , C h em & M e t., 330 S t . , N e w Y o r k 18, N . Y . S u b - s c n o tio n r a t e s : U n ite d S ta t e s , M e x ic o , C e n tr a l an a ¡south A m e ric a n C o u n tr ie s . $3 p e r y e a r, 54 fo r tw o y e a rs , $5 f o r th r e e y e a rs . C a n a d a th r » . .p e r y,e a r ’ f ° r tw o y e a rs , $6 fo r r,ii, J c a r s ( p a y a b le in C a n a d ia n f u n d s ) . A il

~ c o u n trie s , $5 p e r y e a r , $10 fo r th r e e a se ,!u ca t e p o sitio n a n d co m p an y S 2 3 r » on ' s u b s c r ip tio n o r d e r s . E n- te re a as sec o n d c la s s m a tte r S e p te m b e r 3, TP«Ta j o st O ffice a t A lb a n y . N . Y ..

rie h i i o a r iCr M * r c h 3. 1879. C o p y pa^iy I n c b y M c G r a w -H ill P u b lis h in g Com- fices-’ i? n w a ,l e n 5 t.ts. .re s e rv e d . B r a n c h of- 11- kft P * 9 ? M ic h ig a n A v e n u e , C h ic ag o wv'rh TT ° St st/ , e e ' . S a n F r a n c is c o 4 ; A ld - A W w ycK . L o n d o n . W . C . 2 ; W a sh in g to n 4 ; P h ila d e lp h ia 2 : C le v e la n d A n e e i r °,'i 261 lS t- L o u is 8 ; B o s to n 1 6 ; L os A n g eles 14; A tla n ta 3 ; P itt s b u r g h 22.

K e tu rn P o s ta g e G u a r a n te e d

McG R A W - H I L L P U B L I S H I N G C O ..

I N C . J A M E S H . M c G R A W r o u n d e r a n d H o n o r a r y C h a irm a n

P u b lic a tio n Office

99-129 N o r th B r o a d w a y , A lb a n y 1, N . Y . a n d E x e c u tiv e O ffices

430 W e st 4 2 n d S tr e e t, N e w Y o rk 18, N . Y . C U R T ? c u r' M c G R A W , J r . , P r e s id e n t;

. ^ V . M e G R A W , S e n i o r V tc e -P r e s i- V i L tr T r e a s u r e r ; H O W A R D E H R L I C H , o n e r- rv T r f ' " J r . <~,c n c r a t B u s in e s s M a n - aZ ' , E U G E N E D U F F I E L D , E d ito r ia l G E R A R D T c P r e s id e n t; J O S E P H A . B U R N t I ’ S fS .r e ta r y ; a n d J . E . B L A C K - o p rra tio n s ) ( f o r c ir c u la tio n

M em b e r A .B .P . M e m b e r A .B .C . Lable A d d re s s M c G R A W H I L L N e w Y o rk

P rice o f th is is s u e , o n e d o lla r p e r copy

In this

Front the Viewpoint o f the E d itors... 10 5 Chemical E ngineering’s War-Ending A chievem ent— The A tom ic B o m b . . . . 1 0 7

S E V E N T H B IE N N IA L C H E M . A M E T . A W A R D

T he R ole o f the Process Engineer in the Atomic B om b P r o je c t... 112

By P . C. K E IT H

Chemical E ngineering Progress for P e a c e ... 123

A C H E M . A- M E T R E P O R T

P rocesses, P ro d u cts a n d I n d u s tr ie s ... 123 U n it O p e ra tio n s an d E q u ip m e n t... 135

T im m ie Versus Industrial Psychology.

B Y B . H . H O P K IN S

How German Plants Were Knocked Out by Strategic .-Bombs.

B y R . P . R U S SE L L .n d H . D . D A L E

1 4 7

1 5 0

D oron Armor— An A chievem ent and a Promise in P la stics... 1 5 4

By E . C . F E T T E R

W artim e Progress in Alumina and A lu m in u m ... . 1 5 7

D esign o f Hoods for Efficient D ust R em oval ... , 1 58

By C . C. H E R M A N N

German Fibers ... 162 Chem. & Met. Plant N oteb ook... 164 Integrated A lkali I n d u s t r y ... . 172

A C H E M . A M E T . P IC T U R E D F L O W S H E E T

20th C h e m i c a l E x p o s i t i o n G u i d e & D i r e c t o r y . . . 309

W a t c h i n g W a s h i n g t o n ... 9 4 E q u i p m e n t N e w s ... 1 6 7 N e w P r o d u c t s ... 1 7 9 N e w s ... 1 85 P a c i f i c P r o c e s s I n d u s t r i e s ... 1 95 F o r e i c n N e w s ... .- • • • 2 0 2 G e r m a n C h e m i c a l I n d u s t r i e s ... 2 1 6 C o r r o s i o n F o r u m ... 2 2 5 L o g o f E x p e r i e n c e ... 2 3 3 P e r s o n a l s ... 2 3 9

I n d u s t r i a l N o t e s ... 2 5 0 C o n v e n t i o n P a p e r s ... 2 5 8 F o r e i g n A b s t r a c t s ... 2 7 6 B o o k R e v i e w s ... 283 G o v e r n m e n t P u b l i c a t i o n s _____. . . . 2 8 4 M a n u f a c t u r e r s ’ P u b l i c a t i o n s 2 8 8 E c o n o m i c s ... 2 9 5 P r o d u c t i o n T r e n d s ... 2 9 6 P r i c e s ... 302 N e w C o n s t r u c t i o n ... 306 I n d e x t o A d v e r t i s e r s ... 5 5 0

Need Capacity?

A -C ’S TYPE “R” SECONDARY CRUSHER GIVES YOU HIGH CAPACITY, CLOSER CONTROL, A MORE UNIFORM PRODUCT

- A T A LOWER COST PER TON!

This means protection against dam­

age by reasonable size tramp iron, bolts, nuts, drill bits, etc. It's Type

"R"s automatic relief valve that lowers crushing head when neces­

sary, permitting foreign material to pass through crushing chamber!

parts are heat-treat- manganese steel. Their non­

choking, uniform wear design permits close setting —- enables production of fine stone or ex­

cellent ball mill feed.

This means less wear, more uniform distribu-.

tion of feed to crushing chamber. It's Type "R"s recessed spider cap!

Costly zincing eliminated here. Crushing surface is 1-piece r i n g — held in place by unique self-lock­

ing device!

This means quick change of product size — without s t o p p in g crusher. It's A-C's "speed-set" control!

I

"R” will give you a more uni­

form product, greater capacity of size of product you require!

This means high capacity — uni- f o r m product.

It's Type "R"s scientifically de­

signed crushing chamber!

4 • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • C H EM ICA L & M ET A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G

A L L I S - C H A L M E R S

PRODUCER OF THE WORLD'S LARGEST ¿gfc MILWAUKEE,

LINE OF M A JO R INDUSTRIAL EQUIPMENT! ^ ¿ 7 WISCONSIN

HEAR THE BOSTON SYMPHONY: E v e r y S a t u r d a y E v e n in g . A m e rica n B ro a d c a stin g C o .

CHEMICAL & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERLNG • FEBRUARY 1946 •

4-C " T E A m -U P " MACHINES AND POWER!

Exclusive A-C "speed-set” con- 1 trol permits quick change of ' product size — at simple, almost I effortless turn o f crank. Result:

I close product control, fast un­

loading in case of emergency!

Got a screening problem? Per­

haps A-C’s modern "Ripl-Flo”

or one o f seven other different screens we build, can solve it!

Yes, in every line A-C gives you wide choice! For example . . .

| A-C builds world’s largest line of single and multi-stage grinding mills— ball, rod, pebble, "com- peb” and "ballpeb” types. Over 3700 mills now operating all over the world is an A-C record!

No, not "long tom” but an A-C rotary kiln. Products being treated in large quantities, at low cost in A-C kilns include ce­

ment, lime, ores, oxides, varied synthetic materials, etc.

• . . builds not only basic processing machinery, but also the equipment to run it! Y es, Allis-Chalmers offers you power generation, distribution and control equipment—motors, pumps, blowers, compressors, Texrope V-belt drives—builds over 1600 different products for you! Ami

Before it can go out to do a job for you, every Type "R” crusher is assembled and shop-tested . . . checked for crusher movement;

head clearances; oil circulation, temperatures, etc.

Best of all, you can buy casy-to- install and operate, low-main- tenance, modern Type "R”

crushers for same or less money than comparable crushers! Want more details? Send for B6006B

6527 GREEN STREET. OAKLAND 8. CALIFORNIA • B ranch Offices: 30 R ockefeller P laza, N ew Y ork 20 • 5644 N avigation B oulevard, H ouston 11, T exas • 1930 W est O lym pic B oulevard. Los A n g e les 6, C alifornia

6 • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • C H EM ICA L & M E T A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G

Set it! — and forget it!

0 T h e N e w G rove Flexflo, fu lly self-contained B ack-Pressure R egulator or R e lie f V a lv e provides p ositive b u b b le -tig h t shut off and insures absolute lea k -p ro o f control o f ev en th e m ost severe and hazardous ty p e s of liquids or gases. A pressure-actuated syn­

th etic rubber tu b e contracts to close, tig h t— sealing off th e flow . . . and in s ta n tly o p e n s w ith th e sligh test increase in line pressure.

It is im possible to b ecom e corroded or stuck and au tom atically self-com pensates for erosion or wear. W ith no packing glands or stuffing boxes, th ere is never a n y danger o f seepage, leak age or failure. O nce y o u se t it— y o u sim p ly forget i t

I n c l u d i n g :

H IGH LY

C O R R O S I V E I N F L A M M A B L E

&

H Y D A A U L I C A L L Y Ä P N E U M A T I C A L L Y S E L F - O P E R A T I N G

EX P A N D S TO O PEN CO N TRA CTS TO CLOSE

p

SPEED REDUCERS

• A ny industrial application for a speed reducer can be filled w ith a L ink-B elt unit, and satisfactory results assured. Link-Belt m anufactures all three standard types, and L ink-B elt pow er transm ission specialists can offer reliable recom m endations as to

type and size to _

suit your precise

need. rbrC

Herringbone Gear Reducers, for low and medium speeds, heavy-duty applications where large reductions are needed, and shock loads are encountered. Made in single, double and triple reductions. Complete details in Data Book 1519-A.

M o to rize d H e lical G e a r R e d u c e rs are s i m p le , c o m p a c t, s e l f - c o n t a i n e d p o w e r u n i t s , f o r m ed iu m speed a p ­ p lic a tio n s, fro m 1 to 75 h.p. D e tails a n d a p p l i c a t i o n d a ta in B o o k 1515.

A L ink-B elt pow er transm ission engineer has no one’s axe to grind — except his custom er’s. N o t con­

fined by a lim ited line — he can recom m end the type of speed reducer or speed changer — th e typ e of bearing — the typ e of chain drive — the exact power transmission units best suited to his custom er’s needs. Link-Belt engineering advice on your power tr a n sm issio n p r o b le m s is c o m p le t e ly u n b ia se d . T here is no reason for it to be otherwise.

Link-Belt Worm Gear Reducers are suited to high ratio reductions, with horizontal or vertical output shafts.

Compactness, extreme simplicity, flexibility of arrange­

ment and smooth, quiet transmission of power are among the advantages of the worm transmission gears. Details in Book No. 1824.

C h ic a g o 9 , I n d ia n a p o lis 6 , P h ila d e lp h ia 4 0 , A tla n ta , D a lla s 1, M in ­ n e a p o lis 5 , S a n F r a n c is c o 2 4 , L o s A n g e le s 3 3 , S e a t tle 4 , T o r o n t o 8.

O ffices, F a c t o r y B r a n c h S to r e s a n d D is tr ib u to r s in P r in c ip a l C itie s . 10214

CHEMICAL & M E T A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G • F E B R U A R Y x j 4 6 7

•S' Jio/ex ' 1150 motor.

P u m p , w -it h i t s r ° Press»re has ,iC as transit

0 { solven ts p<

PUlllps and gO0 ' So together.

I N D U S T R IE

■& Erie A V P D L

■t°Ot dis-

’ boa ring 66 gai- m i n u t e , t a r in g s

5958

FEBRUARY 1946 • CHEMICAL & METALLURGICAL ENGINEERING

The B ir d Centrifugal Classifier delivers oversize so lid s as a w ell-drained cake and the fines are discharged w ith the liquid. Sharp cuts are effected at the exact parti­

cle size desired, from 1 m icron to 2 0 0 m esh. R esults are uniform ly maintained. Capacity covers a w id e range.

O nly a few feet o f floor space are required. O peration is autom atic and over-all cost is small.

The B ir d Suspended Centrifugal has the capa­

city, the separating p o w er (forces up to 2 0 0 0 x gravity) and the strength and safety factors to sustain h igh prod u c­

tion . It is engineered to individual requirem ents — perforate or im perforate, 2 6 ’, 4 0 ’ or 4 8 ’ basket, un­

loader, autom atic tim er, fume or e x p lo sio n proofing, construction o f any m achinable corrosion -resistan t alloy or w ith rubber or other coating.

For application and perform ance inform ation, visit B ooth N um bers 5 3 5 -6 , 5 4 3 -4 at the S h o w o r w rite for B ulletins to

The B ir d Centrifugal Filter, Solid B o w l T ype, separates coarse or fine so lid s by continuous centrifugal sedimentation.

T h e Bird Centrifugal Filter, Screen T ype, separates crystalline or granular m aterials continuously by d ire c t filtration.

For a w id e variety o f separating job s the Bird Centrifu­

gal Filters produce drier so lid s and clearer filtrates at lo w er cost. T h e process is sim ple, clean, autom atic, self- contained — no cloths or filter m edia, no vacuum, no auxiliary equipment.

CHEMICAL & M E T A LLU R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • 9

Bulletin 962 features the C A S H S T A N D A R D Stream lined Type "1000” , Pressure Reducing Volve

“-illu stra te s the stream ­ lined construction and tells why you get excep ­ tio n a lly long, trouble- free, low-cost perform ­ an ce . Points out why you get no turbulence and therefore can meet peak dem and a t a ll tim es. Ex­

p lains why straig htline flow gives you maximum c a p a c ity , close d elivery p re s s u re c o n t r o l, a n d tight closure.

X h l O S E pesky va lve troubles th a t you ha ve taken fo r g ran te d d is a p p e a r a t once and there is smooth going on your lines when you equip with the " 1 0 0 0 ." The simple answ er is th a t straig h t line flow design, stream lined in principle, has elimi­

n ated co m p lica te d p a rts and small ports an d p a ssa g e s. Flow is not hindered— has no o b sta cle s to o verco m e. Y o u g e t flow th a t gives you maximum c a p a c it y , close d elivery pressure control, an d tig ht closures.

T h e p erfo rm an ce o f the " 1 0 0 0 " is so good th a t m any users sa y "put

C ^{a s h} S ^{tan dard ~)}

k M ii ■■ni»■ mu— jfnm

CONTROLS..

.VALVES

the '1000' on the line an d fo rg et it."

A. W. CASH COMPANY

D E C A T U R , I L L I N O I S

This flow pattern means no turbu- lence. The Streamlined form of the Inner valve produces the flow pot- tern shown above which m ale* for maximum capacity when It Is needed most and permits accurate pressure control under toughest working conditions.

• BULLETINS A V A ILA BLE ON O TH ER C A S H STANDARD

VALVES S e s u i lo J i t h e m

B U LLETIN 950—features the CA SH STAN DARD Type D Single Seat pressure Reducing and Regulating V alves for use with most fluids.

Shows sim ple inner working parts that save in m aintenance. Diagram explains how va lve works. Blue­

print shows sim p licity of installa*

BU LLETIN 965—features the C A S H STAN DARD "4 2 " Series—a com­

plete line of b alan ced lever valves for handling alm ost any­

thing that w ill flow through a pipe except some Injurious chem­

ic a ls. Two full pages show 16 in­

stallatio ns with d escriptions. .

BU LLETIN 967—features the C A S H STAN D ARD Type 11 Condenser W a ­ ter R egulator — self-contained — pilot-operated fa r controlling the flow of cooling w ater to conden­

ser co ils. Used with w ater or a ir

—with any g as or oil th at is non- corrosive—and with a ll refrig e ra t­

ing fluids. Blueprints show In sta lla ­ tion a t outlet of condenser and at In le t. C a p a c ity charts a re shown.

1 0 • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • C H EM ICA L & M E T A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G

SQUEEZE PLAY

CUTS SPACE

33%!

CAST BRONZE Sleeve ALUM INUM

Cooling Fans

PROBLEM: H ere is conventional pum p and motor. H ow can we couple them together better— to save space, increase stability, and provide rigid alignment.

INDESTRUCTIBLE

Rotor' W ATER

Slinger BALL

Bearing BRONZE

Impeller

SEA-BIUE BEAUTY: M odern design of E le c trifu g a l P u m p looks w e ll on jobs anywhere! Capacities from 15 to 1600 gpm— heads up to 500 feet.

ALUS-CHALMERS

CHEMICAL & M ET A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G • F E B R U A R I

smooth, trouble-free m ovem ent of "hard-to- h an d le" co rro siv es, a cid s, hot liq u id s or mild abrasives install WILFLEY A cid pum ps. This is the pum p without a stu ffin g b o x —therefore the pum p that's free from stuffing b o x troubles. Effec­

t iv e s e a l i n g b la d e s, n o le a k a g e p rob lem . N o rubbing contact. Works eq ually w ell in both in ­ term itten t a n d c o n tin u o u s o p e r a tio n s . 10- to 2,000-G .P.M . capacities. 15- to 150-ft. heads and higher. Individual en g in eerin g on ev e ry appli-

Write or wire for com plete details.

A. R. W I L F L E Y & S O N S , I N C . , D E N V E R , C O L O R A D O YORK OFFICE: 1775 BROADWAY, NEW YORK CITY, N. Y„ U.S.A.

• F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • C H EM IC A L & M E T A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G

l/N N % B E L T S C R E W C O N V EYO R

COLLARS - COUPLINGS • H A N G ER S • TROUGHS • BOX END S • FLANGES • T H R U S T S • DRIVES

CHEMICAL & M E T A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6

N O - » " s c r e w c o n v e y o r s a r e NOT a l i k e . . .

an d here's why:

h e l i c o i d

O n e p ie c e c o n tin u o u s r o lle d flig h t, se c u re d to s h a f t b y w e ld in g a n d lo rm e d s te e l r e in f o rc in g lu g s . L a rg e p ip e g iv e s g r e a t e r to r q u e ; no la p s o r r iv e ts to c a tc h d i r t o r to w e a r o u t. T a p e r e d cro s s sec­

tio n fo r g r e a t e r s tr e n g t h .

SECTIONAL FLIGHT

I n d iv i d u a l flig h ts a r e r iv e te d to ­ g e th e r , a n d s e c u r e d to p ip e o r s h a f t w ith fo rg e d s te e l lu g s.

E a s y to r e p a i r w h e n n e c e ss a ry , b y r e n e w in g s e c tio n s ; ^ sp ecial size s, t y p e s a n d m a te r ia ls c o st le ss to m a k e in th is ty p e .

CAST FLIGHT

S h a f t a n d flig h ts a r e c a s t in o n e p ie ce f o r e a c h le n g th , a s s u rin g a tr u e sp iral^ a n d s m o o th flig h t s u rfa c e . A v a ila b le in c a s t iro n , o r in c a s t s te e l w h ic h c a n b e h e a t t r e a t e d f o r r e s is ta n c e to a b r a s io n .

DOUBLE FLIGHT

F o r s m o o th e r flo w o f c e r t a in m a te r ia ls , d o u b le o r tr i p le flig h t c o n v e y o rs m a y b e s u p ­ p lie d , in s ta n d a r d o r e v e n in s h o r t p itc h s crew s. U s e d f o r c e r ta in m a te r i a ls , a n d p a r t ic u ­ la r ly a s f e e d e r s r e q u i r in g e v e n flow .

STAINESS STEEL, ETC.

F o r c o rro s io n a n d h e a t r e s is ta n c e in fo o d a n d c h e m ic a l in d u s tr ie s , L in k - B e lt o ffers v a rio u s s ta in le s s s te e ls , a lu m in u m , c o p p e r, b ro n z e , M o n e l m e ta l , e tc ., in v a rio u s d e ­ sig n s a n d ty p e s .

HELICOID ROTOR LIFT S p e c i a l f l i g h t i n g , w i t h s h a f t h u n g f r o m a to p t h r u s t b e a rin g , in a d u s t- ti g h t s te e l h o u s in g .

tO.!59 c o v e r p la te r e m o v e d f o r p h o to g r a p h in g .

Different types of screw conveyors a re required for d if­

ferent job s. That’s w h y Link-Belt offers v ario u s kinds sho w n b elo w , an d others d esig ned for sp e cia l in sta lla tio n s.

T here are m any types of screw conveyors in the L in k -B elt line, because just any screw conveyor cannot do an efficient job. In specifying the conveyor, a L ink-B elt M aterials H andling E ngineer considers the kind of m aterial to be carried; the volum e required;

the capacity, speed, angle and installation of the conveyor; w hether the conveyor is used to transport m aterials, or as a m ixer, or as a feeder to supply a predeterm ined am ou n t

Link-Belt, as M aterials H andling Headquarters, offers th e m ost progressive engineering service, and is alw ays abreast of th e latest d evelopm ents and im provem ents in conveying m ethods.

L I N K - B E L T C O M P A N Y

C h ic a g o 8 , I n d ia n a p o lis 6 , P h ila d e lp h ia 4 0 , A tla n ta , D a lla s 1, M in n e a p o lis 5 , S a n F r a n c is c o 2 4 , L o s A n g e le s 3 3 , S e a t tle 4 , T o r o n to 8 . O ffices, F a c t o r y B r a n c h

S to r e s a n d D is tr ib u to r s in P r in c i p a l C itie s .

Get this Data Book 7 2 8 9

Details on many types of Link-Belt Screw Conveyors are found in this 128-page book. Write today for your copy.

m i x i n g p a d d l e s

M a n y ty p e s o f p a d d le s a r e a v a il-

? b *e f ° r. u s e a s c o n tin u o u s o r u a tc h m ix e r s f o r li g h t o r h e a v y , o r y , d a m p , o r w e t m a te r ia ls . r e ?.re f n iix in g c a n b e co n - b y P a d d le d e s ig n a n d

S e t t i n e r

RIBBON

F o r s tic k y m a te r ia ls , su c h as m o la s se s, s u g a r, h o t ta r , a s p h a lt, e tc . C le a r s p a c e b e tw e e n r ib b o n flig h ts a n d s h a f t ■ p r e v e n ts b u ild ­ u p w h e re flig h ts jo in s h a f t. M u l­

tip le r ib b o n s a r e s u p p lie d f o r m ix in g .

In te rra cia l S e p a r a ­ tion w ith s e le c tiv e p o ro u s m e m b ra n e s

M ic r o - F i lt r a t i o n w ith m icro -p o ro u s p o rce la in

® I© I® I© I® I® .

® I® I® I® I® I® I®

® I® I® I® I® I® I® I®

® I® I© I® Ä ® I© I® I®

Liqu id H e a tin g w ith d ire ct fire d ra d ia n t-g a s b u rn ers

S E L A S P R E S E N T S ITS C A S E FOR PROCESS IM PROVEM EN T

S E L A S CORPORATION OF A M ER IC A PH ILA 34 PA

1 4 • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • C H EM ICA L & M ET A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G

E X H IB IT S A , B , C A T CH EM SH O W

I BOUT THAT OLD BUGABOO, STATIC ELECTRICITY.

IMSTATIC-RfSlÎTIHO SOPER-I, M Y BUILT-IN CONDUCTING 1 ELEM ENT CARRIES CHARGES/

TO T H E M ACHINE I W H E R E THEV tE GHXMDED/

HEAT HASN'T GOT A <

GHOST O F A CHANCE OF HURTING M E . 1 FIND EVEN '1 8 0 7 JU ST COMFORTABLY WARM I'M SUPER-7 .

k HEAT-RESISTING. A

T I SAY B O O TO REALLY TOUGH O IL CONDITIONS, I W H E R E BELTS M UST

VIRTUALLY S W IM IN O IL O R G R E A S E . I 'M C . S U P E R - 7 O I L - P R O O E ^ C ' I PU T TO E IN DIAN S 16N O N 9 0 % M

O f ALL O IL CONDITIONS. I’M ( f t SUPER-7 OK.-RE3ISTIN6...MY Vft

S K IN IS M A D E O F N E O P R E N E . Î Ï

A m e rica ’s n ew est a n d w id e st line of V -B e lfs— A llis-C h a lm e rs’

Texrope — so lves p ro b lem s that h a v e hoodooed drives in alm o st ev ery in du stry . . . see w h a t they can do for you!

YOU CANT SCARE ME WITH HEAVY LOADS.I'M S U P E R - 7 S TEEL - -MY STEEL CABLES ADD POYVER. REDUCE I STRETCH AND SLIPPAGE. ]

Texrope V-belts are available nation-wide through Allis-Chalmers Dealers and Sales Offices

IT PAYS TO MAKE

ALLIS-CHALMERS

YOUR V-BELT DRIVE HEADQUARTERS

T e x ro p e S u p er-7 V -B elts re s u lt fro m th e co o p e rativ e research o f tw o g re a t com ­ p a n ie s — A llis-C h a lm e rs a n d B . F . G o o d ric h — a n d a re s o ld exclusively by A -L .

WITH HELP OF HEW FREE A-C KIT!

Guide to "H ow fo Take Reconversion Inventory" of Drives,

Motors, ^Pumps

Help in the big job o f reconverting for peacetime production is now offered to plants everywhere by Allis-Chalmers Mfg. Co., its district offices and dis­

tributors. To all who request it, we're sending the new "Reconversion Inven­

tory Kit”, planned to speed the task of determining the condition o f your ex­

isting equipment — V-belt drives, mo­

tors, ana centrifugal pumps

will be used in reconverted production.

which

SUGGESTS PROCEDURE, STATES STANDARDS

Gives bearing tolerances, resistance for­

mulae, etc., incompact, easily-used form.

Check List appraisal charts help deter­

mine present and future condition of units inventoried.

HOW TO GET YOUR KIT

ALLIS-CHALMERS M FG. CO. *•

Dept. 19> Milwaukee 1, W is.

Please send Reconversion Inventory Kit free of charge to:

Company________ ______________

Address________________________

Attn, o f Mr..

■■

■■

■■

■I

■

■■

■

■■

■ J

CHEM ICAL & M ETA LLU R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • 1 5

BULLETIN!

HOODOO SÜA ⁵ KSRÎ!

I O W . VĄC

4/*F VAPOR

C V £ f í F l O * S A L )

C R Y S T A L L I Z E R S E V A P O R A T O R S

SPRAY DRYERS

S T O R A G E 7

-t*a- VALUE NORM

v a i i / C r O R *

V*l Vf NO**.

MLVl

Y

V i f/R u z o V E K P IO W

O V E R 7 V £ P L A N T G <'!> S T - (m STEEL P/P£

¿ i / 1 A * ¿ At U k t I Pf P t

| gp A m erica ’s m a g n e siu m d e v e lo p m e n t d u rin g th e p ast few years h a s n o t o n ly su p p lied th e vast q u a n tities req u ired fo r w a r, but it h a s p rep a red th e w a y fo r to m o r r o w ’s e x te n siv e use o f th is lig h t m eta l in re co n v er sio n products.

9ÉP T h e n e e d fo r m a g n e siu m fo r aircraft, flares, in cen d ia ry b o m b s, a n d o th e r critical w a r u ses w a s so u rg en t th at there w a s n o tim e fo r th e u su al p e r io d o f exp erim en t, te stin g , and p ilo t p la n t runs. In ste a d , m a ss p ro d u ctio n p la n ts h a d to b e set up fo r im m e d ia te o p e r a tio n .

See us at Booth # 4 3 at the Exposition

LEVEL /V TU/S T.

R O R M A U V / O H t o HAVE STORA AVA! L O O L E Ufa.

ORATORS H AVE POIMN FO R C t t

KfPAfR.

L E G E N P

1 6 • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • C H E M IC A L & M E T A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G

S A L T W A tfi VAe. r i L T e tI

U,L. ■

SWENSON

VACUUM COOUR!

t U E F F F C T

¿* KG. YAC

X U V V A f o K

CMIUd Wolff Mf.COAT

fllTIR Containing Mg-

Bflnt . EVAPORATORS^SWENSON SPRAT

DRYERS IRttiduol

, Biin» fiem

Pctath Plonll CARNAUI7E

FILTERS

EVAPORATORS (SwSmtigtd CombfUionl CONTINUOUS

CENTRIEUOAl

BEIT CONVEYOR) SulpHoie Mii*d Soll«

End Piodtfii

Capacity

T O S V A 4 F

P e r i o d i c C h e c k - U p s T e s t

O p e r a ti o n M a n u f a c tu r e o f

E q u ip m e n t D e s ig n a n d

L a y o u t A n a ly s is o f

R e q u i r e m e n t s

S W E N S O N P R O V I D E S T H I S F I V E - W A Y S E R V I C E

SW ENSON EVAPORATOR CO

H A R V E Y , I L L . , U . S . A .

MATER/AL BALANCE

* . L . r t t 7RA TC 1 ___

6B.3&4 *SOL ’M j I

Preparing for large scale evaporation, crystallization, and filtration o f highly corrosive magnesium chloride involved special problems that required engineering judgment, skill, and "know how .” Under these circumstances, magnesium producers naturally turned to Swenson, w hose 60 years’ experi­

ence w ith similarly difficult assignments enables them to design and fabricate the special equipment required for each individual process.

1 |P Sw enson engineers applied the principle o f multiple effect evaporation to m agnesium chloride for the first time! They designed major commercial units o f equipment for a number o f different processes—evaporators with brick lin in g, rubber lin in g, carbon tubes, high nickel-chrome alloy, and other corrosion-resistant constructions. They designed and built vacuum crys- tallizers, rotary vacuum filters, settlers, and coolers—all carefully designed for efficiency and dependability in working with magnesium chloride solutions.

It is a matter o f record that the majority o f all plants set up to produce m agnesium by the electrolytic process were Swenson-equipped. The engineers w ho made these important contributions to speeding America’s war produc­

tion w ill be glad to assist you with your problems in jProcess Engineering.1 S W E N S O N E V A P O R A T O R C O M P A N Y

15669 Lathrop Ave. Division of Whiting Corporation Harvey, Illinois

CHEMICAL & M ETA LLU R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • 1 7

S H A R P L E S

Sharpies w ill be at th e 2 0 th C h em ical E x p o sitio n o p e n in g February 25th at the G rand C entral P alace in N e w Y o r k , N . Y .

M any th ou san d s o f fo lk s have visited the Sharpies B o o th at each o f the 19 previou s E x p o sitio n s. Sharpies is proud o f th e m any substantial B u sin ess F rien d sh ip s d evelo p ed .

T h is year in B o o th s #58 and #5 9 Sharpies is e x h ib itin g a num ber o f n ew C e n tr ifu g e s. . . and anybody in terested in im p r o v in g th e quality and lo w e r in g the c o st o f th eir products w ill see n e w uses o f C entrifugal Force.

C om e and se e i f Sharpies can h elp so lv e your P ro d u ctio n a n d /o r R esearch P ro b lem s.

2 3 0 0 W E S T M O R E L A N D S T R E E T • P H I L A D E L P H I A 4 0 • P E N N A . L O N D O N * P A R IS * N E W Y O R K • B O S T O N • P IT T S B U R G H • C L E V E L A N D D E T R O IT • C H I C A G O • D A L L A S . S E A T T L E • S A N F R A N C I S C O • L O S A N G E L E S R E P R E S E N T A T I V E S T H R O U G H O U T T H E W O R L D .Sk a r pl es

1 8 • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • C H EM ICA L & M E T A L L U R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G

ADVERTISEM ENT— T h is entire page *j a paid advertisem en t. Prepared M onthly by V . S . ind u stria l Chemicals, Inc.

US I.CHEMICAL NEWS

F E B R U A R Y ★ A M o n th ly S eries fo r C hem ists an d E xecutives of th e S olvents and C hem ical C onsum ing In d u stries ★ 1946

Q uick-D ry V arnishes, H igh C olor R eten tio n From 2 U.S.I. R esin s

Used with “ Soft” Oils to Yield Tough, Quick-Drying Films

Developed during the war, when the cry was for faster bodying in the varnish kettle and faster drying on the production line, two non-phenolic U.S.I. varnish resins a re prov­

ing of great postw ar utility because of the excellent resu lts they produce with the c u r­

rently available, slow-polymerizing and re la ­ tively slow-drying oils.

Arochem 607

Arochem 607 is a high-m elting point syn­

thetic resin produced especially for use with linseed, castor and other “ soft” oils. It is appreciably b etter than the usual modified phenolics in four respects: it bodies faster;

it yields faster drying vehicles; it gives greater film h ard n ess; it is m uch superior in color retention and can be used satisfac­

torily for whites.

In addition to providing the advantages associated with high m elting point and large molecular stru ctu re resins, A rochem 607 also facilitates processing because of its unusually high solubility in all norm al varnish oils. It can he cooked with “ soft” oils in the sam e manner as modified phenolics of correspond­

ing melting points; no special cooking pro­

cedures are necessary.

The w ater and alkali resistance of “ 607”

varnishes are alm ost equal to those of m odi­

fied phenolic varnishes; for all b ut a few special applications, its resistance will be found entirely satisfactory.

A rochem 60 3

A companion resin to “ 607,” Arochem 603 is a lower priced resin of lower m elting point which yields slightly slower bodying and

{ .C o n tin u ed o n n e x t p a g e )

The v e r s a t ility o f A ro c h e m 6 0 7 is d e m o n stra te d by its m a n y a p p lic a tio n s in the h o u se h o ld . Illu s ­ trated here a re its uses in ru b b in g v a rn is h e s for fu rn itu re , in e n a m e ls fo r V e n e tia n b lin d s , in a r ­ ch ite ctu ral fin ish e s fo r trim , in flo o r v a rn is h e s , a n d in m etal e n a m e ls fo r ra d ia to rs .

THE MONTH IN COATINGS

Electrostatic paint spraying saves up to 5 0 % in paint, minimizes chipping . . , The “ duo-color metal painting system" of­

fers a means of reducing maintenance costs . . . A w all paint blended with DOT proves an effective insect control as long as 16 months after a single coat application . , . Induction heating bakes resin coatings on ferrous metals in a few minutes1 . . . A number of coatings are developed to in­

crease eye appeal and chemical resistance of plastics . . . An electronic instrument measures paint films deposited on non­

magnetic metals . . . Details of certain German processes made available . . . New standards proposed for determining the degree of color change of paints and enamels . . . Use of luminescent pigments

booms In textile industry.

New Synthetic Drug T ops Atebrin , Quinine

U.S.I.’s Noval Ketone Vital As Intermediate in Synthesis

A new synthetic drug, said to be superior to both atebrin and quinine in the treatm ent of m alaria, has been developed by U. S. sci­

entists, according to a recent government an ­ nouncem ent. T he drug, known as “ SN 7618,”

relieves m alaria three times as fast as the other two drugs, and produces fewer ill ef­

fects. Noval ketone (5-diethylamino-2-penta- n o n e ), a product of U.S.I., is an im portant interm ediate in the m anufacturing process.

Advantages o f “ SN 7 6 1 8 ” As a result of research extending over four years, the Board for the Coordination of M alarial Studies found that “SN 7618" is an effective m alarial suppressive when adm inis­

tered no more frequently than once weekly in a well-tolerated dose. It will also cause an abrupt term ination of the clinical variety of m alaria. In addition, it neither discolors the skin nor produces gastro-intestinal irritation

—symptoms usually associated with the use of atebrin.

“ SN 7618” -was the 7,618th drug tested in the four year screening of over fourteen thou­

sand compounds for antim alarial activities.

{ C o n tin u e d o n n e x t page)

S y n th e tic C arnauba W ax P r o d u c tio n in S ig h t

It will soon be possible to secure speedy production of synthetic carnauba wax in the U.S., according to a recent government an ­ nouncement. The synthetic wax — m anufac­

tu red on the basis of patented German proc- cesses now released to A m erican industrial- jsts — is reported to be equal to and, for many purposes, superior to natural wax.

C arnauba wax, now produced principally from the wax palm grown in Brazil, is used m the m anufacture of floor wax and polishes, carbon paper, and leather finishes. A new and increasingly im portant use has been found lor it in the preservation of fruit.

R ussian R esearch U ncovers N ew U ses

For E thyl A cetate

Versatile Chemical Is Employed In Many Novel Organic Syntheses

Ethyl acetate — used principally as a sol­

vent for nitrocellulose and cellulose acetate, and in the production of many pharm aceuti­

cals such as sulfadiazine — offers m any new possibilities in organic synthesis, according to papers published in Russian scientific journals during the last five years. T his com­

pound has been employed successfully by Russian research chem ists in reactions vary­

ing from G rignards to the polymerization of vinyl plastics.

New A p p lica tio n s

The following are among the new uses of ethyl acetate reported in the Russian lite ra­

ture:

1. W ith benzol in the presence of alum inum chloride, ethyl acetate forms 9,10-dimethyl- anthracene which can readily be oxidized to anthraquinone.

2. Heated with iodine in the presence of aluminum, magnesium, or iron, it produces ethyl iodide.

3. A fter prolonged heating with 2-mcsityl- magnesium bromide, it produces me.silol, mesityl acetate, and the acetate of methyldi- 2-mesitylcarbinol.

4. Polyvinyl acetate is p repared by poly­

m erizing vinyl acetate in the presence of ethyl acetate. The solid polymer is obtained by steam -distilling the solvent.

5. With tertiary and secondary butyl m ag­

nesium chloride, it forms ethyl butyl ketone and diethyl ketone.

6. It reacts with silicon tetrachloride to form tctra-acetylsilicate, and other silicates an d chlorides.

S e m in a r G ro u p to D iscu ss E c o n o m ic s o f C h em istry

T hirteen specialists from industry will p a r­

ticipate in a graduate sem inar dealing with economics and cost aspects of chem ical in ­ dustries, it was announced recently. The sem inar, which is scheduled to begin early in February, will be held at the Polytechnic In stitu te of Brooklyn.

Topics to be discussed include: the prep ar­

ation of economic surveys an d appraisals, plant location, cost analysis and estim ates, organization and control, and interpretation of financial statem ents. T he course will he offered on T hursday evenings.

E nzym e May Be R e m e d y For Oak, Ivy Poisoning

The recent discovery that mushroom tyro­

sinase can render the irrita n t toxicants of poi­

son ivy and poison oak innocuous adds a n ­ other plant enzyme to those already known to have the same property. T he o th er enzymes, however, have not been effective in vivo.

It is hoped by the discoverers that mushroom tyrosinase will have a definite rem edial action.

ADVERTISEMENT—Thu entire page is a paid advertisement.

— • U.S.I.CHEMICAL NEWS

N ew Synthetic Drug

( C o n tin u e d f r o m p reced in g p a g e) Chemically, “ SN 7618” is a m em ber of the 4-arninoquinoline series. It is known as 7- chloro-4- (4-diethylam ino-l-m ethyllm tylam ino) quinoline. T he vital side-cliain is added to the basic 4-am ino-quinoline group by reaction througLt noval ketone.

P la n s S im p lific a tio n O f P la stic N o m e n c la tu r e

To elim inate confusion arising from the lack of uniform ity in plastics nom en­

clature, the Society of Plastics In dustries has opened a cam paign for proper lab el­

ing of plastics. T he first step in this program was taken recently w ith the Society’s publication of the “ Inform a­

tive L abeling G uide.” T his book con­

tains a series of descriptions of various plastics used in consum er goods.

Organic Nitrogen

C o m p o u n d s Made B y D irect A m ination

A m ethod for producing nitrogen com­

pounds by direct am ination of olefins con­

taining more than 3 carbon atom s is described in a recent patent. It accom plishes nitrogen fixation by treatin g the olefins with am m onia in tlic presence of a catalyst at tem peratures between ‘LOO and 650 degrees F.

D irect nitratio n oilers a sim ple m ethod for p rep arin g n itriles and am ines. By th is m ethod, for exam ple, ethylene and propylene can be converted to acetonitrile, acrylonitrile, and ethyl, isopropyl, and n-butyl am ines. These com pounds a rc vital in the m aking of plastics and synthetic rubber.

U .S .I . A n n o u n c e s

N ew F e e d F o r tifie r

Curbay B-G 40 is a new low-cost ferm en­

tation product, containing the vitam ins of the B-complex, and has a guaranteed riboflavin content of 40 m icrogram s per gram . T his newly announced U.S.I. product is rapidly w inning wide acceptance among poultry-and- stock feed form ulators.

Q u ic k D r y V a r n ish e s

( C o titin u c d fr o m p re ced in g p a g e) slower drying varnishes. O therw ise, the prop­

erties ob tain ab le are qu ite sim ilar.

F in d M a n y U ses

Many m anufacturers are finding these resins ideal for use in quick-drying enam els, porch and deck enam els, vehicles for arch i­

tectural and in d u strial finishes, sp ar var­

nishes, gloss inks, and o th er coatings which are in such heavy dem and today. Especially, these m an u factu rers report excellent results in whites because of the pale color and high color retention of these resins.

Specifications

AROCHEM 60 7 AROCHEM 603

Acid Number: 25-35 25-35

Melting Point: 1 5 5 -1 6 5 °C . 1 3 0 -1 4 0 °C . (Mercury Method)

Color: 9-11 9-11

(G.H. 1 9 3 3 - 5 0 % cut in Toluol) Solubility: Complete in petroleum hydro­

carbons and the usual varnish oils. In­

soluble in alcohol.

Arochem 6 0 7 is a vehicle for a w ide variety of white and colored industrial finishes. Parts of toy trains, such as those illustrated here, retain their color longer when coated with varnishes based on this modified phenolic.

D e c r e a s e s H o s ie r y R u n s

A p a te n t has been issued on a new p rep ara­

tion to in h ib it runs in sheer hosiery. T he preparation, claim ed to have a ru n load ch ar­

acteristic of 2y% pounds, consists of zinc resinate, amm onia, w ater, and a m ixture of isopropvl alcuhol and acetone.

TECH N ICAL DEVELOPM ENTS

Further inform ation on these item s may he obtained by w riting to U.S.I.

A n e w f u n g ic id e , s a i d to b e e f f e c tiv e a g a i n s t n u m e r o u s d i s e a s e s th a t a t t a c k g r o w i n g p la n ts , h a s b e e n a n n o u n c e d . (N o. 030)

U S I

T r a n s p a r e n t p l a s t i c s h e e t s , c l a i m e d to b o non- e l e c t r o s t a t i c a n d s h a tt e r - p r o o f , a r e n o w a v a i l ­ a b l e fo r a v a r i e t y of a p p l i c a t i o n s . T h e y a r e s a id to b e e a s i l y s h a p e d in to w i n d o w s fo r p r e c is io n e l e c t r i c a l in s t r u m e n t s . (N o. 031)

U S I

A n e w p a i n t s t r i p p e r is c l a im e d to b e n o n - d e s tr u c ­ tiv e to a l u m in u m , z in c a n d o t h e r b a s e m e ta ls . It is s a i d to r e m o v e s y n t h e t i c e n a m e l s a n d m a n y o t h e r t y p e s o f to u g h o r g a n i c c o a t i n g s c le a n ly a n d r a p i d l y . T h e p r o d u c t is d i l u t e d w i t h w a r m

w a t e r . (N o. 032)

U S I

H e a t - s c r e e n in g g l a s s , s a i d to b e c a p a b l e of s c r e e n i n g a b o u t 9 0 % o f i n f r a r e d , o r h e a t , r a d i a ­ tio n fro m li g h t w h i l e t r a n s m itt in g 8 5 % o f v is ib le r a d i a t i o n is a v a i l a b l e fo r m a n y a p p l ic a t io n s r a n g i n g fro m h o u s i n g to th e r a p e u t i c s . (N o. 033)

U S I

S ilic o n e o ils , w h ic h a r e s a i d to f lo w a t te m p e r a ­ t u r e s a s lo w a s — 1 2 1 °F ., a r e d e s c r i b e d a s s u it­

a b l e fo r u s e in a i r c r a f t h y d r a u l i c s y s t e m s , in fine i n s t r u m e n t s , a n d a s a d ie le c t r ic f lu id in c a p a c i ­ to r s a n d tr a n s f o r m e r s . (N o. 034)

U S I

A n e w m o i s t u r e d e t e c to r , d e s c r i b e d a s b e in g b a s e d o n a n e l e c tr o n i c p r in c ip le , is r e c o m m e n d e d f o r d e t e c t i n g l e a k s . (N o. 035)

U S I

T o r e m o v e s c a l e , a n e w " a l k a l i n e p ic k lin g "

p r o c e s s is o f f e r e d f o r a p p l i c a t i o n to m e ta l s u r ­ f a c e s . T h e p r o c e s s is s a i d to e l i m i n a t e p ittin g a n d h y d r o g e n e m b r itt le m e n t. (N o. 036)

U S I

T o s e c u r e li n o le u m in p l a c e , a n a d h e s i v e tr o w e l­

l i n g m a t e r i a l s t a t e d to b e im m u n e to th e a tta c k s of w a t e r , is c l a i m e d to b e e a s i l y a p p l i e d to c o n ­

c r e t e s u r f a c e s . (N o. 037)

U S I

R e d y e i n g o liv e d r a b a n d o t h e r s h a d e s o f w o o l m a t e r i a l fo r c i v i l i a n u s e is s a i d to b e a c c o m ­ p l i s h e d b y a s im p l e p r o c e s s . A b o o k le t is a v a i l ­ a b l e d e s c r i b i n g th e p r o c e s s a n d th e d y e s u s e d . (N o. 038) U S I

A w a te r p r o o fin g , b o n d in g m o rta r, c l a i m e d to b e m a d e b y m ix in g a l i q u id c h e m ic a l w i t h c e m e n t, is s a i d to b e e f f e c tiv e fo r u s e in s to p p i n g le a k s , e l i m i n a t i n g s e e p a g e , a n d in p a t c h i n g a n d w a t e r ­ p r o o f in g p it s a n d c o n c r e te p i p e s . (N o. 039)

U S I

A d e w p o in t r e c o r d e r , is c l a i m e d to p r o v id e v i r t u a l l y c o n t in u o u s r e c o r d o f h u m i d ity w ith i n a t e m p e r a t u r e r a n g e o f — 7 0 ° to + 6 0 ° F . (N o. 040)

U S I

To h a n d le a n y s h a p e d d ru m , c r a d l e h a n d l e s a r e s a i d to b e a b l e to p ic k u p b a r r e l s w i t h s tr a i g h t, b i l g e d s i d e s , f l a t o r c h i m e d s i d e s . (N o. 041)

U S I

U .S .I N D U S T R I A L C H E M I C A L S , I N C .

6 0 EA ST 42ND ST., N EW Y O R K 17. N . Y. B R A N C H ES IN ALL P R I NC I P AL CI TI ES

ALCOHOLS Am yl Alcohol

Butanol (N orm al Butyl Alcohol) Fusel O il— Refined

Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol) S p e cially Denatured—oil regular

and anhydrous formulas Co m p letely Denatured—a ll regular

and anhydrous formulas Pure— 190 proof. C .P . 96% .

A bsolute

*SuDer Pyro Anti-freeze

* S o lo x P r o p r i e t a r y S o l v e n t +ANSOLS

Ansol M Ansol PR

•Registered Trade

A C ETIC ESTERS A m yl A cetate

Butyl A cetate Ethyl A cetate OXALIC ESTERS

Dibutyl O xalate Diethyl O xalate PHTHALIC ESTERS

Diam yl Phthalate Dibutyl Phthalate Diethyl Phthalate OTHER ESTERS

•Diatol

Diethyl Carbonate Ethyl Choloroform ate Ethyl Formate M a rk

INTERMEDIATES A ceto acetanilid e Acetoacet-ortho-anisidide Acetoacet-ortho-chloranilide Acetoacet-ortho-toluidide A ceto acet-p ara-chlo ranilid e Acetylp rop yl Chlo rid e A l p h a - a c e t y l b u t y r o l a c t o n e 5-Diethylamino Pentanone-2 Ethyl Aceto acetate Etl.yl Benzoylacetate Ethyl Alpha-O xalproplonate Ethyl Sodium O xalacetate Met*'vl Cyulopropyl Ketone ETHERS

Ethyl Ether

Ethyl Ether Absolute—A .C .S .

FEED CONCENTRATES

•C u rb ay B-G

•C u rb ay Special Liquid

•Vacatone 43 ACETONE

C hem ically Pure RESINS

Ester Gum s—a ll types

Congo Gum s—raw, fused & esterified

•A ro p laz—alkyds and allie d m aterials

•Arofene—pure phenolics

•Arochem —m odified types N atural Resins—a ll standard grades

OTHER PRODUCTS

C ollodions Ethylene

Ethylene G lyco l Urethan

N itrocellulose Solutions

Printed In U .S .A .

If you d o n ’t w a n t to stop production, STOP CORRO SIO N ! Work stoppages d u e to corrosion c a n be cut to a minimum with modern equipment.

For all concentrations and temperatures o f sulfuric acid D U R IR O N is most resistant.

Where a

alloy is required, DURI- MET 20 is highly satisfactory.

The corrosive effects o f «¡trie acid on Durco alloys are almost nil. In a high strength alloy we offer D U R IM E T for such combinations as nitric and N aC l.

For hydrofluoric acid we offer Durco equip­

ment built in D U R IM ET . A lso DURIM ET pumps, valves, jets, siphons, etc., have been very successfully used for nitric-hydrofluoric and sulfuric-hydrofluoric acid mixtures in the pickling o f stainless steels.

For all concentrations and temperatures up to boiling, DURICHLOR possesses excellent re­

sistance to hydrochloric acid. I f Durcopumps or Durco valves are desired for such service in a high strength alloy, please write us.

Phosphoric acid is successfully handled w ith D U R IR O N and D U R IM E T . G ood results are reported with slurries and (with DURIM ET) in combinations such as phos­

phoric plus 3% hydrofluoric.

Acetic acid is readily handled by either D U R IR O N or DU RIM ET. Some D U R IR O N pumps have been on vinegar service for over 20 years. D U R IM ET pumps are extensively used with vinegar generators.

For m odern equipment and alloys for corrosion service, See our display at the Chemical Show,

Booths 19 a n d 2 0.

CHEMICAL & M E T A LLU R G IC A L E N G IN E E R IN G • F E B R U A R Y 1 9 4 6 • 21