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Political Preferences

Preferencje polityczne

10/2015

Redakcja naukowa: Robert Alberski Zbigniew Widera Katowice 2015

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Rada Naukowa:

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Support the candidate by the party leader and the decisions of voters.

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care about their electoral decisions and also have lack of skills to determine on ZKLFKSODFHRQWKHOHIWULJKWOLQHWKH\DUHJLYHHYLGHQFHRIDYHU\ORZOHYHORI civil political competencies. Less important for them are programs and future SODQVSUHVHQWHGE\WKHSROLWLFLDQVDQGSROLWLFDOSDUWLHVDQGDOVRKRZWKH\UHDOL]H WKHP RUQRW :KHQWDNLQJDQHOHFWRUDOGHFLVLRQRQWKHORFDOOHYHOWKLVJURXSWDNH a lesser degree of care then other voters about the local elections candidates (for PD\RUVFRXQFLOPHPEHUHWF PHPEHUVKLSVWRWKHSROLWLFDOSDUWLHV .H\ZRUGVSROLWLFDOFRPSHWHQFHVHOHFWRUDOEHKDYLRUHOHFWRUDOGHFLVLRQVSROLWLFDO SDUWLHVSDUOLDPHQWDU\HOHFWLRQVORFDOHOHFWLRQV 0DJGDOHQD0XVLDá.DUJ $GDP0LFNLHZLF]8QLYHUVLW\LQ3R]QDĔ3RODQG  (OHFWURQLFYRWLQJDVDQDOWHUQDWLYHPHWKRGRISDUWLFLSDWLRQLQWKHHOHFWLRQV± RSLQLRQVRI3ROHV

7KH UHVHDUFK VXEMHFW RI WKLV SDSHU DUH WKH RSLQLRQV RI 3ROHV RQ WKH implementation of one of the alternative methods of voting in elections and UHIHUHQGXPVDQHOHFWURQLFDOO\DVVLVWHGYRWLQJ7KHPDLQDLPRIWKHDXWKRULV WKHDQDO\VLVRIWKHDWWLWXGHVRI3ROHVRQWKHLGHDRIHVWDEOLVKPHQWRIHYRWLQJ LQ3RODQGDQGWKHLUGHFODUDWLRQVUHJDUGLQJWKHXVHRIHYRWLQJ LIVXFKSRVVL ELOLW\ 7KH¿QGLQJVZRXOGEHVXSSOHPHQWHGZLWKVHOHFWHGGDWDIURPWKHSXEOLF RSLQLRQSROOVUHDOL]HGE\WKH2൶FHRI+XPDQ5LJKWV'HIHQGHU 2PEXGVPDQ  .H\ZRUGVHOHFWURQLFYRWLQJHYRWLQJ,QWHUQHWYRWLQJRSLQLRQVRI3ROHV Maciej Marmola 8QLYHUVLW\RI6LOHVLDLQ.DWRZLFH3RODQG 

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Summaries

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Summaries

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