M ETALLURGICAL ABSTRACTS
(GENERAL AND NON-FERROUS)
V O L U M E 4 (New Series)
E D IT E D B Y
G. SHAW SCOTT, M.Sc.
Se c r e t a r y
The right of Publication and of Translation is Reserved
The Institute of Metals is not responsible either for the statements made or for the opinions expressed in the following pages
LONDON
PUBLISHED BY THE INSTITUTE OF METALS 36 VICTORIA STREET, LONDON, S.W.l
1937
Copyright] [Entered at Stationers’ Hall
Form A. ( Membership Application) No...
II fed,
.
T h e I N S T I T U T E of M E T A L S
4 Gr o s v e n o r Ga r d e n s, Lo n d o n, S .W .l.
Founded 1 9 0 8 . / ncorporaled 1 91 0 .
To the Secretary,
The Institute of Metals.
I , t h e U N D E R S IG N E D ...
being... years of ago and desirous of becoming a...
Member of the I n s t i t u t e o f M e t a l s , agree that if elected I will be governed by the Regulations and Bye-lawa of the Institut« from time to time extant and observe the obligations imposed on Members under tho Articles of Association of the Institute, and that I will advance the interests of the Institute so far as may be in my power; and we, the undersigned, from our personal knowledge, do hereby recommend the said...for election.
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Dated this... day of.. 19..
Signatures of three Members.
The Council, having approved the above recommendation,
d e c l a r e t h e a p p l i c a n t t o b e d u l y e le c te d a s ...
M e m b e r o f t h e In s t i t u t eo f Me t a i.8.
To be tilted up b j the CounctJ.
4 G r o s v e n o r G a r d e n s , Chairman.
W e s t m i n s t e r , L o n d o n , S.W.l.
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{H would be a convenience if the candidate's card were sent urilh this form.) if.A. 4.
AB STR AC TOR S AND R E V I E W E R S
N. Agbew, Dr.-chcm., Met.Eng.
W. E. A l k i x s , D.So.
Professor J. II. A n d r e w , D.Sc.
C a p t a in R. H. A t k i n s o n , M .A .
W. E i B a l l a r d .
Dr. J. J. B i k e r m a n . B . Bl u m e n t h a l, D r .- I n g .
B. C h a l m e r s , B.So., P h .D .
J. C. Cira s t o n , B.Sc., Ph.D., A.R.S.M.
J. W. D o n a l d s o n , D.So. A. G. D o w s o n , B.A., P h .D .
W. E n o e l , Dr.phil.
M a r i k L. V. G a y l e r , D.Sc.
R . G e n d e r s , M.B.E., D.Mot.
F r l i r . v . G Ol e r, D r .- I n g . R o o s e v e l t G r i f f i t h s , M.Sc. E. J. G r o o m .
Professor Dr. W. G u e r t l e r .
G. A. H a n k i n s , D.Sc., A.R.C.S.
Professor D. H a n s o n , D.Sc. E. S. H e d g e s , D.Sc., Ph.D.
H. W. G. Hignett, B.Sc.Eng.
W . Fr e e m a n Ho r n.
A. W. H o t i i e r s a l l , M.Sc.Tcch.
D. R. H u d s o n , B.Sc.
0 . F . H u d s o n , D.Sc., A.R.C.S.
W. H u m e - R o t h e r y , M.A., Ph.D., F .R .S . I . Je n k i n s, B .Sc.
F. J o h n s o n , D.Sc.
W. D. Jones, M.Eng., Ph.D.
L . K e n w o r t j i y , M.Sc., A.R.C.S.
Professor W. M i s A n o y i , Dr.-techn.
W. A. C. N e w m a n , B.Sc., A.R.S.M., A.R.C.S.
J. E. N e w s o n , M.Met.
A. R. P e a r s o n , M.Sc., LL.B.
H. W. L. P h i l l i p s , B.A.
A. R. P o w e l l .
L. E. P r i c e , M.A., Ph.D.
Professor Dr. 0. Q u a d r a t .
Dr. E. R a b i n o w i t c i i .
J. T. R a n d a l l , D.Sc. C. E. R a n s l e y , B.Sc. G. V. R a y n o r , B.A., B.Sc.
P. W. R e y n o l d s , B .A ., B .S c .
A. G. R o b i e t t e , B.Sc. R. T. Rolfk.
P h o e b e M. C. R o u t i i , B.Sc. D. N. S i i o y k i i e t , C h e m .E n g .
E. H. S . v a n S o m e r e n , B.Sc.
P r o f e s s o r J . F. S p e n c e r , D.Sc., Ph.D.
D . St o c k d a l e, M .A ., P h .D .
H. S u t t o n , D.Sc. N. S w i n d e l l s , B.A.
C. S y k e s , D.Sc., Ph.D.
R. T a y l o r , M.A., Ph.D.
G. J. T h o m a s , B.Sc., Ph.D.
J. S. G. T h o m a s , D.Sc. R. S. T h o r n h i l l , B.A., Ph.D.
E. V, Walker, B.Sc., A.R.S.M.
J. H. W a t s o n , M.C., B.Sc., Ph.D., A.R.S.M.
S. V. W i l l i a m s , B.Sc.
I I . Z v e o i n t z o v , B.A., B.Sc.
Sy m b o l s a n d Ab b r e v i a t i o n s Us e d i n Te x t.
A. Angstrom units. km.1
abs. absolute. kv.
a.e. alternating current(s). kva.
amp. ampère(s). kw.
amp.-hr. ampère-hour(e). kw.-hr.
A.W.G. American wire-gauge. lb.
Be. Baumé. L.-F.
B. & S. Brown & Sharpo (gauge). m.
B.H.P. brake horse-power. m.a
B.O.T. Board of Trade. m.3
B.th.u. British thermal units. m.amp.
B.T.u. Board of Trade unit. max.
B.W.G. Birmingham wire-gauge. mg.
C. contigrade. mm.
cal. calorie(s). mm.a
c.c. cubic centimetre(s). mm.3
eg. centigramme(s). m.m.f.
c.g.s. centimetre-gramme-second. m/t
cm. centimetre(8). m.v.
cm.1 square centimetre(s). N.
cm.3 cubic centimetre(s). N.T.P.
coeff. coefficient(B).
const. constant(s). oz.
c&.u. candle-power. P.C.E.
centigrade thermal units. p.d.
cwt. hundredweight(s). p.p.m.
d density. R.
d.c. direct current(s). r.p.m.
d?- decigramme(s). Bp. gr.
diam. diameter(s). sq.
dm. decimetre(s). V.
dm.1 square decimetre(B). va.
dm.* cubic decimetre(s). w.
e.m.f. electromotive force(s). w.-hr.
F. Fahrenheit. w.p.c.
ft. foot; feet. O
ft.» squaro foot. %
ft.3 cubio foot. A
ft.-lb. foot-pound(s). f-
gall. gallon(s). w*
grm. gramme(s).
high-frequency.
a
H.-F. t
H-ion. hydrogen ion. "
H.P. horse-power. <
H.P.-hr. horse-power hour(s).
hr. hour. >
hrs. hours.
in. inch; inches. <
in.* square inch.
in.* cubic inch.
in.-lb. inch-pound(s). <
I.S.W.G,. Imperial standard wire-gauge.
K. absolute temperature (scalo).
kilogramme-degree-oentigrade
K.C.U. ¥=
heat unit ( = 3-97 B.th.u.). = kg- kilogramme(s).
kg.m. kilogramme-metre(s).
km. kilometre(s).
square kilometre.
kilovolt(s).
kilovolt-ampóre(s).
kilowatt(s).
kilowatt-liour(s).
Í
)ound(s). ow-frequency.metre(s).
squaro mctre(s).
cubic metre(s).
milliampére(s).
maximum.
miUigramme(s).
miUimetre(s).
square miliimetre(s).
cubic millimetre(s).
magnetomotive forcc(s).
millimicron.
millivolt(B).
normal.
normal temperature and pres
sure.
ounce(s).
pyrometric cone equivalent, potential difference, parts per million.
Réaumur.
revolutions per minute, specific gravity, square.
volt(s).
volt-amp6re(s).
watt(s).
watt-hour(s).
watta per candle.
dcgree(s) (arc or temperature).
per cent.
wave-length.
micron.
1 millionth micron = 0 01 A.
ohm.
minute of the are.
second of the arc.
A < B denotes that A is less than B.
A > B denotes that A is greater than B.
negative of < ; A < B de
notes that A is not less than B.
combination of < and = ; A < B denotes that A is equal to or less than B.
is not equal to.
identically equal to.
approximately (or essentially) equal to.
C O N T E N T S
I. Properties of Metals, 1, 25, 73, 129, 177, 225, 277, 317, 369, 425, 481, 581, 713.
II. Properties of Alloys, 3, 34, 84, 137, 181, 230, 283, 325, 378, 430, 493, 591, 715.
III. Structure (Metallography; Macrography; Crystal Structure), 5, 43, 92, 145, 187, 238, 286, 336, 386, 437, 506, 624, 717.
IV. Corrosion, 7, 47, 96, 148, 191, 243, 290, 339, 390, 441, 512, 628, 718.
V. Protection (other than Electrodeposition), 8, 49, 99, 150, 194, 245, 292, 343, 396, 445, 517, 637, 719.
VI. Electrodeposition, 10, 50, 102, 152, 196, 247, 293, 345, 398, 447, 523, 642, 720.
VII. Electrometallurgy and Electrochemistry (other than Electrodeposition), 53, 104, 199, 251, 294, 347, 401, 451, 528, 649, 720.
VIII. Refining, 251, 650.
IX. Analysis, 10, 53, 105, 155, 200, 253, 295, 347, 402, 453, 531, 651, 721.
X. Laboratory Apparatus, Instruments, &c., 11, 58, 108, 150, 202, 254, 296, 350, 404, 458, 536, 655, 721.
XI. Physical and Mechanical Testing, Inspection, and Radiology, 11, 58, 109, 156, 202, 255, 296, 351, 405, 459, 537, 656, 721.
XII. Temperature Measurement and Control, 13, 59, 111, 256, 299, 354, 408, 460, 544, 662.
XIII. Foundry Practice and Appliances, 13, 60, 111, 159, 203, 257, 299; 355, 408, 461, 545, 663, 723.
XTV. Secondary Metals: Scraps, Residues, &c., 260, 302, 356,462,549, 667.
XV. Furnaces and Fuels, 14, 62,112, 160, 204, 260, 302, 356, 410, 462, 549, 667, 724.
XVI. Refractories and Furnace Materials, 62, 205, 261, 304, 411, 463, 551, 669, 724.
XVII. Heat-Treatment, 15, 63, 113, 261, 305, 553, 670, 724.
XVIH. Working, 16, 63,114, 160, 205, 262,305, 357, 412,463,553, 672, 724.
XIX. Cleaning and Finishing, 17, 65, 115, 162, 207, 263, 360, 414, 465, 555, 682, 725.
XX. Joining, 18, 65, 116, 162, 208, 264, 306, 360, 414, 466, 558, 684, 725.
XXI. IndustrialTJses and Applications, 19, 66, 118, 164, 210, 267, 308, 361, 417, 468, 561, 692, 726.
XXII. Miscellaneous, 21, 68, 120, 166, 215, 269, 313, 362, 472, 567, 699.
XXIII. Bibliography, 22, 70, 122, 167, 216, 270, 362, 422, 473, 569, 702.
XXIV. Book Reviews, 124, 171, 224, 273, 313, 367, 479, 573, 704.
I n d e x ... 727
