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398298
^OBBoaeHO n,eH3ypoio. C.-IIexep6yprB, 9 jmaapa 1895 Tnnorpatjiia A. C. CyBopiiHa. Sprejiem, nep., 3. 13.
HBAHTd AfWEEBHBTL KPHJIOBTj. Ct> nopTpeTa, pwcoBa^aro bt> 1812 r. A. O. OpjiOBCKHMt.
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M O r M J IA H. A . K P b lJ IO B A . Bi. C.-IleTep6ypri, Bt AjieKcaiupo-HeBCKofl AaBp-Ł.
E B A H 1 ) A H f l P E E B M t K P B I J I O B B ) (Biorpa$HMecKiH onepirŁ).
K B aH t AiiApeeBHBTb Kp m a o b a po ah ach 2-ro c£>eBpaAH 176 8 r.,
b a Mo ck bP . Ot c b a ero , apMeftcKiił ocjbimepA AHApeft rip ox o- pOBHHt KpblAOBA, no CaMOMy pOAy CBOeft CAy>K6tI, ÓblAA npH- HyjKAeHt nocTOHHHO CTpaHCTBOBaTb co cbohm a noAKOMTb no ropoA aM t h ceAaM t Poccin h bo b cPx a bth x a nepeMEmeHiHXA eMy conyTCTBOBaAa w ero ceMbH, cocTOHBman b a Ty n o p y H3A « ro caM oro, >kchei ero , MapbH AAeKcPeBHbi, h to abko -hto
poAHBinarocB Cbma. E ^sa MaAeHbKOMy KpbiAOBy MHHyAO ne- Tbipe roAa, k ar t. ero o m a nepeBeAH Ha Yp aA A , t a^ b a to
BpeMH CBHp^ncTBOBaAA co cbohmh maftKaMU n yran eB A . H e AernaH 6biAa 0ÓH3aHH0CTb 3am,nmaTb npoTHBA opAbi n yra n e B a O peH Ó yprA, h o, KaKA roBopiiTA bt> CBoeft HCTopin btoto 6yHrra IlymKHHT.: «k a cnacTbio, b a KpPnocTH ( ^hukim ropoAOKT>) HaXOAHACA KanHTaHT> KpblAOBA, HeAOBpRA pPlHHTeAbHblH H ÓAaropa3yMHbra. Oh a b a nepByio MHHyay 6e3nopHAKa npHHHAA nanaAbCTBO HaAA rapHH30H0MA h cA^Aaa a Hy^KHbiA p acnop n- jKem nw. O TnopA , noAyneHHbiH IlyraHeBbiMA, npHBeAA nocA-pA- HATO BA TaKyK) HpOCTb, HTO OHA rpOSHACH, eCAH TOAbKO B03b- MeTA OpeHÓyprA, noBpcuTA He to abko caM oro KpbiAOBa, ho h bcio ero ceMbio. Ka cnacTbio, s t o eMy He yAaAOCb h 6yHTA CKopo óbiaa noAaBAeHA. BcKop^b nocA^fe yMHpoTBopeHin Kpan, OTeRA KpbiAOBa BbimeAA b a oTCTaBKy h nepem eAA Ha rpa>KAaH- CKyio CAy>KÓy b a TB epb, npeAC^AaTeAeMA ryóepH CKaro M
ara-IV
cTpaTa. H o cb nepeM^HOH cAyjKÓBi o m a Majio hto hsm^hhaocb bb oócTaHOBK^ Ma^eHŁKaro KpBiAOBa: KaKB h npe>KAe, otchb
6biab bcciHao 3aHBTB cayjKÓoft h ne motb yA^AATB ctoabko
BpeMeHH, CKOABKO 6bl XOr£AB, AAH CŁIHa, H OHB pOCB nOHTH HCKAioHHTeABHO Ha noneHemH oahoh MaTepH, KOTopan ynujia ero h HTemio, h nncBMy, h 3aKOHy Eohuio. MaTB óbiat bb otomb oTHomeHiH ero eAHHCTBeHHOH HacraBHHHeH h pyKOBO- AHTeABHHiieH, t^mb óoArfce, hto bb BpeMena He TOABKO He 6bmo ih k o a b, Aa HeoTKyAa 6biao bsatb Aance h caMaro nAoxoro yiHTe/iH. Bb TaKOMB ® e noHTH noAO>KemH óbiah a^th h óoA^e 6oraxBixB pOAHTeAeft, h npermymecTBO h x b 3aKAK)HaAOCB toabko bb TOMB, HTO HMH pyKOBOAHAH ryBepHepBI-HHOCTpaHHBI, TOJKe He BorB b^ctb KaKoro o6pa30BamA, a 3anacTyio Aame h 6e3B BCHKaro, ho Bce >Ke AaBaBuiie bo3mo>khoctb HayHHTBCH xotb
HHOCTpaHHOMy H3BIKy. nOCTOHHHO BB 3a6oT^ O BOCnHTamH CBma, MaTB Haiiuia bo3mojkhoctb nocBiAaTB ero Ha ypoKH k b
A ^thmb OAHoro óoraTaro noM^mHKa JlBBOBa, BOcnurameMB KOTOpBIXB pyKOBOAHAB TyBepHepB-cf)paHI],y3B. H o OTTOrO AH, HTO BB HyjKOMB AOM^, eCAH He CaMH ero CBepCTHHKH, TO yHH- TeAB othochaca kb Heaiy npeHeópeHCHTeABHO, He CB TT^MB b hh- aiaHieMB, KaKB k b a^thmb noMi5m,HKa, y KOTOparo hchab, h
3TO MOTAO A^HCTBOBaTB yriieTaiOUIHMB o6pa30MB Ha CaMOAIO- ÓHByro h HyTKyio HaTypy MaAeHBKaro KpBiAOBa, hah o t b nero A pyroro, ho to abko o h b 3ahhmaaca HeoxoTHO, aIshhbo h Ma TepH ero CTOHAO ÓOABIIIHXB TpyAOBB H yCHAift, HTOÓBI 3TH 3aHATin He nponaAH aah Hero AapoMB. Oht Aance npnAyMaAa AaBaTB eMy b b HarpaAy h^cko abko KonrkeKB, ecAH o h b BHHMa- TeABHO H A06pOCOBr£cTHO OTHOCHACA KB CBOHMB ypOKaMB. H o CB AeCHTHA^THArO B03paCTa KpBIAOBy npHHIAOCB ÓpOCHTB 3TH ypoKH, TaKB KaKB y Hero yMepB o t c h b, h bch ceMBA, yBeAH- HHBHiaACA KB TOMy BpeMeHH eme OABIHMB CB1HOMB HbBOMB, ocTaAacB 6e3B b c a k h x b cpeACTBB k b cymecTBOBamio. HanpacHO
h x b MaTB o6pam;aAacB c b npocBÓaMH o neHcin — H3B sto to
HHnero He bbiihao, h o, SHeprHHHan h A^ATeABHaA, OHa He yHBi- Bana h He ópe3raAa hh kakoh padoToft, htoóbi noAAepmaTB CeMBK); BB AOCTaBAeHiH CpeACTBB KB JKH3HH AOA5KCHB ÓBlAB noMoraTB eft h MaAeHBKm KpBiAOBB, ho, kohchho, 3Ta noMomB OBiAa oneHB He3HaHHTeABHa. 3anHcaHHBiH eme ac ba th a^thhmb*
Y
MaHBHHKOMU nOAKaHUeJIHpHCTOMt B I KaJTH3HHCKM yTk3.ZI.HBM cy^TB, ohtb, no CMepTH o m a , óbihu nepeBe^emB t^mt* m e hh- HOMTB BT> TBepCKOH MaTHCTpaTTB H CTB 3TOH nOpBI AJIH HerO Ha- najiacB HOBaa >k h3hb b u coBepmeHHO nyjK Aon ewy oócTaHOBKTfe. H o c a y m ó a OTa He oTHHMaaa y Hero mhoto BpeMeHH h ero ocTaBajiocB coBepmeHHO /tocTaTOHHO ahh 3aHHTM. cu MaiepBio, KOTopan He nepecTaBaaa 3aóoTH m ca o ero BO cnaTam a h CTa- pajiacB, no bosm o jkh octh, nepeztam e n y xotb tB 3Hama, k o t o- pBIH 6BUM BTB ea paCnOpHJKeHM. CBOÓOAHOe OTU 3aHHTM BpeMH KpBUiOBTb npoBOAimu cpezm HepHaro Hapo^a, Ha ToproBBixTB naoma,zi,HXB, okozio Kanejieft h KyzianHBixu ó o cbu, m a m o npn- cjiymHBaHCB k u roB o p y npocTOznozmHOBU, vuih CHmHBaziu no
lHzibimu nacaMTb Ha 6ep ery Bozirn c p e m cziobooxot.7m bb ix b npa- neKu, y KOTopaixu h Haynnzica TOMy caMOÓBiraoMy HapozmoMy H3BlKy, KOTOpBIMTB OTZMHaiOTCH B e t erO COHHHeMH.
Otu ero oma ocTazica ntziBM cyHAyKu k h h t u; Kania s t o
óbum khhth, — Hen3B"kcTHO, h o, c y m no cepBe3HOMy cnziaziy xapaKTepa oma KpauiOBa, noztóopu hxtb, Btpoarao, óbm u He AypHon, h ManBHHKi. ctbyBnenemeM u 3anHTBiBazica hmh. H rem e 3THXTB KHHTTB B036yAHZI0 BTB HCMTB OXOTy HanHCaTB CaMOMy HTO-ZMÓO, H nepBBIMTB IUIOHOMU 3T0H HOnBITKH ÓBUia KOMHHe- cnaa onepa «Koc|3eHHHna», HanncaHHaa bmb btb 1783 r., T.-e. Ha naraamaTOMTB roa.y. KoHenHO, sto nepBoe ero npon3Be- aeme óbuio hobozibho nzioxo h npHTOMu He omaaziocB caMO- cTOHrenBHOCTBio, Tanu nanu 6buio nanHcaHO btb noApajKaTeaB- HOMTB AyX't l"i3XTB KOMHHeCKHXU OnepTB, KOTOpBIH BU TO BpeMH 6BUM BTB ÓOZIBMOH MOiH. Ho BCe-TaKH y>Ke H BTB 3TOMTB nep- bomtb ero npoH3Bea,eHiH CKa3aziacB npHcym,aa KpBuiOBy cara- pnnecKaa mHJiKa. Memziy t^mtb, HeCiMOTpa Ha bcio SHepriio MaTepH, zrfeaa hxtb btb MaTepiaziBHOMu oraomeHM mzm naoxo; HaKOHenu, He bhhh HUKanoro HCxoaa H3U Kammromo B03pa- CTaBrnefi hxtb Hymmi n ó^ahocth, ona p^mnziacB nepe^nam btb IleTepóyprTB, rzH, hmH noe-Kania cbh3h, HazrfcaziacB bbduio- noTaTB neHciio azia Hafira m a caraa ziynmee mtŁcto. Ohh ne- peTfmazm Ty^a bu 1783 r., ho h thmtb hmtb He nocnacTzm- bhziocb. KpBiziOBu xoth h noziymrziu m^cto bt> Ka3eHHOH na- jiaT-ir, ho nraaoBaHBa 25 p. bu roziu óbizio cjmmkomu Hem- cthtohho h Hymzia nonpencHeMy He noKna,aaa hxtb. tło
cto-VI
jirnia BHecjia Bce - Tania H^noTopoe pa3Hoo6pa3ie b t o a h o- o6pa3HyK> u CKyLmyio ao toh nopti npOBHmiiaABHyio >k h3hb
KpBiAOBa h AaAa mhoto hobbixib BneHaTABmH. Me>KAy npoHHMiB,. TyTt eMy yAanocB npoAaTt cboio onepy «K.oc|ieHHHHy» k h h to- npOAaBuy EpeHTKoncfiy 3a 60 py6. accnrHau.iHMn, ho bmBc to
A£HerT> oht> 3aópajn> Ha 3Ty cyMMy pa3HHXT> khhtib, bt>hhca t> KOTopB^H óbiah coHHHeHiii PacHHa, MoABepa h Byajio. HTeHie 3th xt>imcaTeJieft, a Taione h ao bo abh o nacToe nocBmeme
TeaTpa, kt* KOTOpOMy ohh chabho npHCTpacTHACH, TiM t 6oaBe, HTO 3TO 6bIAO AAH HCTO eAHHCTBeHHBIMB, ÓOA^e HAH MCHpe AOCTynHtiMT., pasBJieHemeMB,— Aa, h iiomhmo sto to, TeaTpt bt> TO BpeMH BT> }KH3HH Hauiefl CTOAHHfcl HrpaAH ÓOABLUyiO pOJIB, noóyAHAO ero onnTB npiiHHTBCH 3a nepo h na stotib pa3T> 3a coHHHeHie TpareAiH Ha GOJKeTt H3T. >k h3hpi ApeBHeH Bpeniri h
Puma. IlepBOH TpareAieft ero ótina «KjieonaTpa», HanHcamiaH
hmh bb> 1786 r. Oht>CHecŁ ee Ha npocMOTpn kt> 3HaMeHHTOMy anTepy JUiHTpeBCKOMy, ho to tb. 3aópaKOBairB ee h yna3ajiT>
KpbuiOBy Ha bcP HeAOCTaTKH ero ntecbi. KpŁUiOBB He ynaAi> AyxoMT> h bt>tomtd me roAy Hanncant «<BHAOMe./iy»; oahhko
h 3Ty ntecy nocrarna Ta me ynacTB, Kaion n «iOieonaTpy». KaKT> HH nAOXH ÓBIAH 3TH nBeCBI, OHp BCe TaKH COCAy>KHJIH eMy óoAŁHiyio CAym6y. Bn to BpeMH AnpeKTopoMT, TeaTpa 6bl/it> reHepaA't-MaHop'B Coh m o h obb, CAymHBmiH Taione h b t na- óh h ctB Eh BeiiHHecTBa. Cohmohobb. oópaTHJiB. BHHMaHie na MOHOAoro aBTopa, nopyHHHt eMy nepesoA^ onepri «PlHc{DaHTa», a rjiaBHoe— nepeBeAH ero bh 1788 r. Ha cjiymóy noAT> CBoe HanantCTBO, bt> PCaÓHHeTiB Eh BenHnecTBa, h TarnaMt oopa30MH> MaTepiaAŁHoe noAomeme KpBMOBa 3HawrejiBHO y^ynuiriHOCB. 3to chabho nopaAOBano ero mhtb, KOTOpan, BnponejrB, oneHB HeAOAro npomHAa nociH sto to hcnoHHaAacB bh kohihŁ toto m e 1788 r.BCApATB3a ((^HAOMeAOH)), B-B TOMT. >Ke TOAy, KpBIAOBBIMH
óbiah HanHcaHBi on ep a «EBmeHaH ceMBH» h KOMenin « Cohhhh- TenB b b npHxomeH»; o ó B sth nBecBi óbiah npHHHTBi Ha cneHy h
AaBajiHCB. H e CMOTpn Ha t o, htosth nBecBi óbiah Tanm e aoboabh o
CAaÓBI, OH-B, IIOMHMO MaTepiaHBHOH BBirOABI, eABa AH He 6oABUiyiO BBiroAy n p ioóp iorB tPmt>, hto, ÓAaroAapn h m b, nonanT. b b
AHTepaTypHBiH npyiKOKiB KHH>KHHHa, y KOTOparo bt. to BpeMH coÓHpaAHCB b cB BBiAaiomiecH a^htcah AHTepaTypri h cueHBi.
V II
OCTpOyMHBIH, JKHBOH H KK TOMy BpeMeHH 3HaHHTe.7IBHO nO- nojiHHBiniH CBoe oópa30Bame, KpBMOBK óbijik He H3K n ocji^ A -
hh xk b k sto m k KpyJKfdfc. BaH>Ke b cFx k H3K 3Toro KpyjKKa
oh k comeaca ck KanHTaHOMK FL F. PaxMaHHHOBBiMK, noHHTa- TeaeMK h nepeBO.zHiHKOMK BoaBTepa, H3,zi,aBaBmHMK b k 1788 r. ncypHaaK «YTpeHHie HacBi», r a F KpruiOBK h CTaaK coTpya.- HHHaTB.
Kk BTOMy 5Ke ro ^ y othochtch ero HOBaa KOMe/ua «IIpo-Ka3HHKH», OHK BBIBeJIK KHBJKHHHa B K 3arjiaBHOH pOJIH Pnc}3MOKpaaa h ero >KeHy b k poan TapaTopti. Kone^ia ótuia caaóaa h cbohmk nponcxo}K,aeHieMK oóa3aHa oanoMy cayaaio,
Koraa Khhhchhht>,—hjih ero )KeHa, aocTOBppHO HeH3BpcTHO,
k t o h s k h h x k,— KaKK-TO HeocTopojKHO 3aa,FjiK ero caMoaioóie. B ort KTO rOBOpHTK OÓK 3T0MK FIoÓaHOBK: « OhK ÓBIJIK BCnfclJIfc- HHBK MHOraa a.0 KpaHHOCTH; JHOÓHJIK OTOMCTHTB CBOHMK Bpa- raMK, gcoójihbo 3a ocKopoaeHHoe caMoaioóie. Bca KOMeaia ccllpo- Ka3HHKH» eCTŁ He HHOe HTO, KTKK MIHeme, BK KOTOpOMK OHK
h caMK BnocaFacTBin npH3HaBaaca h pacKaHBaaca».. Xoth 3Ta nteca He ÓBiaa HaneaaTaHa, h o, KaKK BoaHaocB b k to Bpena, pacnpocrpaHaaacB b k pyKonncaxK Mejfcay 3HaKOMBiMH, aomaa
ao KHa>KHHHa h BBi3Baaa ccopy. KponF Toro,—hto óbijio aaa
KpŁuiOBa ropa3a.o Ba>KHFe,— bch 3Ta HCTopia c k Khhjkhh-
hbimk HeóaaronpiaTHO 0T03BaaacB Ha ycTaHOBHBtaiaca óbijio x o- pomia h ÓJiH3Kia OTHomema KpBUiOBa k k CoftMOHOBy, h s t o t k
nocaFamn He tojibko OTKa3aaK, h npn tom k b k jiobojibho
pFsKofl cf>opMF, bk nocTaHOBKF «IIpoKa3HHKOBK« Ha cneHy, HO
c k tFx k nopK nepecTaaK aajK e CTaBHTB h n p en u iia ero jibF nBecBi, hto BBi3Baao K paiaoBa Ha p p3Koe nncBMO k k Heny, noBeam ee k k noaHOMy pa3pBiBy.
Bk caFayromeMK 1789 r., b k KOMnama c k tFmk >Ke
Pax-MaHHHOBBIMK, OHK CTaJIK H3JI.aBaTB O K ew B CH H H B IH C a T H p H H e C K ifl
>KypHajiK « IIo LiTa /ŁyxoBK, hjih yaeH aa, HpaBCTBeHHaa h KpH- r a a e c K a a nepenHCKa ap aócK aro ć^ruiococjDa MajiHKyjiBMyjiBKa CK BOAHHBIMH, B03AymHBIMH H nOA3eMHBIMH ayxaM H », KOTOpBIH n eaaT aJica b k T H norpac^ in PaxMaHHHOBa. Bk st o m k jK y p H a a F OHK rJiaBHBIMK o 6p a 30MK OCM^HBaaK TOCnOACTBOBaBmyiO b k
HameMK ToraaniH eM K o 6p a 30BaHHOMK o 6m ecT B F r a y n y io n o - apa>KaTeJiBHOCTB B c e n y cj3pamiy3CKOMy, BBipa>KaBmyiocH He
VIII
TOJIBKO BB HSfclK-t, HO .ZiaJKe BB o6pa3^ >KH3HH H BpeMHnpe-npoBOKAemH. Hana^aji^ Ha to AypHoe h HOBepxHocTHoe boc- nHTaHie, KOTopoe £aBa./iocŁ HameMy KmomecTBy, BHCTaBJHHiB CrieCB H HeB-ijKeCTBO 3HaTHBIXB, B3HTOHHHHeCTBO H Ka3HOKpaA"
ctbo, nopoHHOCTŁ cy^eii, npoH3BOjn,, h Booóme ne nponycKaJiB HHnero Tanoro H3T> oómecTBeHHoń m a 3 m i h HpaBOBB, hto
TaKB h j w HHane Ka3a^oct eny cm^hjhhm-ł, HejrfcnHMB hjih 3a- Ciiy>KHBaiomHMT> nopHiiamn. IIo o rB óaceHB «FIoHTa ,ZtyxoBB» — ^iioóonfciTH^iłmee h BaHarfcftmee ero npoH3Be.fl.eHie, noKa3ti- Baiomee bb .ziBa.zmamflpTHeMB aBTOpB saMpHaTejiLHyio 3pP;iocTb MBICJIH, Ha6jH04.aTejIbH0CTŁ H CnOCOÓHOCTŁ KB IOMODHCTHHeCKOMy H3o 6 pa>KeHiio ne.aoB'i3HecKHXB cjiaóocTen.
Bo tt> hto roBopHTt, Mentay npOHHMB, JL H. MańKOBB o
CaTHp^fe K p H ^ O B a BT> ((IIoHT^ / I,y X 0 B B »: «Bb npe>K H H X'Ł CaTH pH -
necKHX'Ł HcypHajiax'Ł BCTpPnaioTCH t o^łk o ółitobłih onncamn BT> OÓJIHBHTe.TBHOMB ^yXrB, TOTjia KaKB BB CaTHpHHeCKHXT> onepKaxB KptuioBa H3o6pa>KaeMŁiH hmb jiHiia npHBOAHTCH bb ABHHreHie, bt> A^HCTBie: ero «IlHCŁMa thomobb)) HanoMHHaioTB co6oio HOBe^iJiŁi, b'ł kotopłixt> He TOJibKo onHcaHH HpaBŁi o6me- CTBa, ho h onepneHŁi xapaKTepŁi H3oópa?KaeMŁixB ./ihhb, pa3- CKa3aHŁI HXB HOXO>KA£HiH, H BCe OTO OKpaUieHO TOHKHMT) IOMO- pOMB, BCe BLI3ŁIBaen> TOTB BecenŁIH CM^B, O BLICOKOMB HpaB- CTBeHHOMT> 3HaHemH KOToparo roBopHTB Torojit bt n o cji^ - HeM-B MOHO/ior^ CBoero «Pa3Bp3,zta», h .a;a./rfce... «KaKB bb spF- jiomb nepio/rfe ero TBopnecTBa, kb KOTopoMy npHHa^/ie>KaTB 6acHH, ohb /[.ocTHraeTB xy^,o>KecTBeHHaro coBepmeHCTBa npe- HMyrnecTBeHHO MacTepcTBOMB pa3CKa3a, ttkb h bb «IlHCŁMaxB THOMOBB», KOTOpŁIH COHHHeHBI MOJIOAŁIMB HeJIOBpKOMB /IBaiHiaTH o,a,Horo ro^a, npOBBJiHeTCB to >Ke CTpeMJieme kb tohkoh OT.ąF./IkF H37IO>KeHiH. Bb TO BpeMH, KOT^a KpBIJIOBB A^HCTBO- BajiB Ha JiHTepaTypHOMB nonpHmis, CTHxoTBopHan cjbopaia CTa- BHJiacB ropa3^o Bbime, hPmb npo3aHHecKan; TaKB, kohcbho, AyMajiB h ohb caMB, ho ero npeKpacHŁie onepKH bb cdlonTp AyxoBB» AOKa3ŁiBaioTB, hto TaKoe npeAnoHTeme jihihh^o pyc- CKyio JiHTepai-ypy 3aMpHaTejn>Haro npo3aHKa-K>MopHCTa» *).
*) «riepBhie m ara EbaHa AHjipeeBm a KpbMOBa Ha jiHTepaTypHOMB no- npHirrb), Jl. H. MaiłKOBa. Cnó. 1889 r. CTp. 46.
IX
H o (dloHTa / I ^obto) He HMpna ycnExa h npocymecTBO- Bana Bcero c ł HHBapn no aBrycTt 1 789 r. BchBat> 3a npe- KpamemeMa. AcypHaAa HBnneTCH n on ra AByxnr£THm nepepbiBT.
bt, jiHTepaTypHOH A^HTejibHOCTH KptMOBa. PaxMaHHHOB'B yfeana. Ba cbokd ^epeBHio h nepeAanT> KpamoBy, KaK't CBoeMy coTpyA- HHKy, THnorpacfiiio, KOTopan noMpnianacb 6nn3b J Hthhbo caAa,
b i. aomB BeiiKaro, rAifc hłihB ABopeirb npHHiia OAbACHÓypr- CKaro. 3aHHTBift Tunorpacfnerr, a TaK>Ke h BCApACTBie CBoeS pa3MOABKIl CT> CoHMOHOBBIMt, O KOTOpOH MLI rOBOpHHH BbllHe, KpŁuiOB^ bt> 1790 r. AOAaKeHa. ółbtb ocTaBHTB cnyjKÓy npn KaÓHHeTp Eh BenunecTBa. B"b HananE 179 2 r. o h b, bimPctB ct> H3BpCTHfciMT> Bnoc/rkACTBm ApaMaTHHecKHMt nucaTeHeMb. K n y-
ihhhbim-b, CTant HSAaBarb AcypHanT) «3pHTenb», npecnpAOBaB- inific rAaBHBiMt o6pa30MT> tB nce iHhh, hto h «n on T a H,yxoB'B»,
ho nporpaMMa 3Toro >KypHana óbina y>Ke ne TaKT. y3Ka h >Kyp- nam, coAep^aH ij bt> ceóE óonPe pa3HOOÓpa3Hbra MaTepiajrt: TaMH> noMpmaHHct h KOMenin, CTaTbH no AHTepaTypmaMT. b o- npOCaM-Ł H CTHXOTBOpeHiH.
KpoMp ero caMoro h Knyimraa, bt. >KypHanE npnHHMajiH ynacrie habPcthłih aKTept /EoiTpeBCKm, TyMaHCKifi, nnaBHHŁ- IHHKOBT H 3mHHT. Ho Ha AB^HaAUATOMT MpCHH^ H3AaTeHH npeKpaTHHH cboh jKypHanT * ) u c t HHBapn 1 79 3 r. CTann H3Aa- BaTb Apyroft, noAT Ha3BaHieMt «neTepóyprcKm MepKypifi», KOTOpŁlH, COÓCTBeHHO TOBOpH, ÓbUlT npOAOJIJKeHieMT a3pn-
teHH», TaKT KaKT nporpaMMa ero ocTanact Ta A<e. H3T CTa- Tefl, nOHBHBIIIHXCH BT 3TOMT ACypHanE H npHHaAHe>KaBUIHXT> nepy KpŁinoBa, HanBonPe saMpnaTeAbHbi tP, KOTOpbin óbiah no- CBHuieHLi H. M. KapaM3HHy,—toh HeecTecTBeHHOH caHTHMeH- TaHŁirocTH b t ero npoH3BeAeHiHX't, KOTopan coBepmeHHO He BH3aJiaCŁ CT JKH3HŁIO, OOTlCblBaeMOH HMT», Aa H BOOÓlHe ÓŁL/ia coBepmeHHO qy>KAa pyccKOMy Ayxy. KpuAOBy, CMOTppBtueMy Ha ACH3HB THKT, KHKT OHa eCTb BT) A^HCTBHTeAŁHOCTH, nO- AOÓhłih npoH3BeAeHin Kasanucb He TOJibKO cm^ihhhmh h He- HpnblMH, HO Aance BpeAHHMH, TaKT) KaKT) 3aKpbIBaAH o6me- CTBy rAa3a Ha A^HCTBHTenbHyio ach3hb,—h t^m t 6 ojiPe BpeA- HblMH, HTO 3T0TT) CaHTHMeHTaAH3MT. KapaM3HHa HMpAT)
X
m o n y c n E x B b b TorAanraeMB o ó p a30BaHHOMB Ham eM i oóine-
c t bE h nopOAHAB b b AtrrepaTypE Maccy noApam aTeAeft. KpBIAOBB HaXOAHAB HyjKHfcIMB ÓopOTBCA CB 3THMB HOBŁIMB B^iameMB b b Hamen AHTepaTypE b cEmh cujiaMH, a noTOMy b b
CBOHXB CTaTŁ>HXB ÓblAB pi>30KB, Ó63}KaJIOCT£HB, a HHOTAa A am e npocTO rpyÓ B. O coóeH H on pimKOCTBio OTAHnaAacB CTaTBA no a b
3arjiaBieMB «EtoxBaABHaA p E m EpMaAacfmAy, roBopeHHan b b
coópamn m o a o a h x b nncaTeAe&». IIo a b EpMaAacjbHAOMB, T.-e. neAOBimoMB, KOTOpHH HGceTB epMaAacfńio, hah n e n y x y , Kpbi-
a o b b noApasyM-tBaAB KapaM 3HHa. Memny nponHMB, b b m y p - naA i; o h b noMEcTHAB CBOio CTapyio KOMHHecKyro o n ep y «EE- LLISHaA CeMŁH» H KOMe^ilO «CoHHHHTeAB BB npHXOmeH». Ho 3TH ero npoH3BeAemfl, o k o t o p b ix b mbi y m e roBOpR/ra Bbime, KaKB H AOBOABHO MHOrOHHCAeHHBIA MeAKiA erO CTHXOTBO- pem n, nenaTaBuiiACA b b mypHaAE, ao bo a bh o caaóbi h ce- pbe3Haro AHTepaTypHaro 3HaqemA He hmEio t b. EKypHaAB «Mep- Kypm » npocym.ecTBOBa.7iB onaTb to abko o a h h b t o a b h hm^a b
150 noAnncBHKOBB. Bb 1 7 9 6 r. y n a 3B HMnepaTopa ElaBAa o 3aKpBITm BCExB naCTHBlXB THnOrpac^in 3AKpBIAB H KpBIAOB- CKyiO, H OnATB ABAAeTCA nepepBIBB BB AHTepaTypHOH aEaTCAB- HOCTH KpBIAOBa H Ha 3T0TB p a3B AOBOABHO npOAOAJKHTeAB-
hbih, a HMeHHO— BnAOTB a o 1806 r.
BcaEa b 3a 3aKpbiTieMB TunorpacfDiH, Kpb ia o bb yExaAB H3B IleTepóypra bmEctE c b k h. C. 0 . EoAHnBiHBiMB, KOTopBra BnaAB b b HeMHAOCTB HMnepaTopa ElaBAa h noAyHHAB noBeAE- Hie jkhtb b b AepeBHE, 11 noceAHACA b b hmEhih k h a3A, cnepBa
b b 3yópHA0BKE, CapaTOBCKoft ry6., a 3AtEmb b b Ka3anK0MB, KieBCKOH ry6. 3aEcb Kpb ia o bb t k u b c t b, KaKB ApyrB ceMet- CTBa k h a3a, h, MemAy npoHKMB, 3aHHMaeTCA c b aEtbmh ero pyCCKHMB A3BIK0MB. BoTB KTO TOBOpHTB H3bEcTHBIH BnreAB
b b c b o h x b 3anncK axB o ero ypoK axB . «H e CMOTpA Ha cboio aEh o ctb, o h b o t b CKyKH npeAAomHAB k h a3k> rOAHHBiHy npe- noAaBaTB p yccK in a3bikb MAaAiiiHMB cbihobbamb e ro , a caEa- CTBeHHO—h coynamnMCA c b hhmh. H b b s t o m b aEaE nOKa-
3 a A B OHB CeÓA MaCTepOMB. y pOKH HaUIH npOXOAHAH nOHTH
b cE b b p a 3roBopaxB : o h b yjmkAB B036ymAaTB aioóohbitctbo,
aio6h a b BonpocBi h OTBimaAB Ha h h x b raK B m e t o a k o b h t o,
-XI
CTBOBtUICH OAHHM-L pyCCKHMH n3LIKOMH, HO KH HaCTaBaeHlHMH
cbohmh npHirfcuiHBaan mhoto HpaBCTBeHHŁKT. noynemft ho6hhc- Hemn pa3HBixn npeAMeTOBi, H3n apyrnxn HayKn. H3h cayrna- Teaeń ero HHKoro He 6tiao BHHMaTeatHpe mchh, h h io^JKem. npH3HaTtcH, hto ecaH hm^io cKoatKO-HHÓyat yMa, TO MHOrO
b h to BpeMH OKoao Hero noHa6paaca».
TyTl. }Ke, BH Ka3aHKOMT>, KpBUIOBH HanHCa^-L CBOK) HiyTO"
Tpare.ai.io «TpiyM(|)n». 3ra Tpareaia 6waa HanHcaHa HCKaionn-
TeatHO aaa aepeBeHCKaro TeaTpa k h h3h, h KptiaoBH cainn
nrpaan bt Heń 3araaBHyio poat. 3anci> >Ke ótiaa HanHcana 3aTepBBmaHCH BnocaPacTBm h HanaeHHaH bh i 86i r. bt óh-
óaioTeK^ AaeKcaHapHHCKaro TeaTpa KOMeaia «nHporn». KoMe-
aia 3Ta 6 na a npeacTaBaeHa Ha cnenP Tpn pa3a: aBa pa3a bh
C.-IIeTepóypr-t h oanHn pa3n bh Mockb^, bh 6eHec]3Hcn CaH- ayHOBa. KoMeain KpBiaoBa «JHjhthh», HaftaeHHaa bh óyMa- raxH A . H. OaeHHHa h BnepBtie HanenaTaHHaa hh «C6op- HHK^fe cTaTeft o KptiaoB^)), H3aaHH0MH AKaaeMieft HayKn bh 1869 r., no MHTbmio PL PC TpOTa, othochtch kh 1800 roay.
TaKHM H oópa30MH, K p tia o B H npoBean b h HArfemu k h. To- amitiHa oKoao neTLipexn a p T n , pa3HOo6pa3a aepeBeHCKyio >KH3Ht TO aOMaiHHHMH CneKTaKaHMH, KOTOptie OHH CTaBHaH y KHH3H, TO nO"t3aKaMH no OKpeCTHUMH nOM^IHHKaMH, apMap- KaMH h ropoaKaMH.
n o BocmecTBin Ha npecToan HAinepaTopa AaeKcaHapa I, b h
1801 r., c h k h h3h roaHHfcina 6tiaa CHaTa onaaa h o h h noay-
nnan Ha3HaneHie reHepaan-ryóepHaTopoMn b h Pnry. Kh a s b npn-
raacnan k h ceóP Ha cayjKÓy b h cenpeTapH KpBiaoBa. H o b h
3t o h aoa>KHOCTH KpBiaoBH npocayjKHan Heaoaro h b h 1803 r.
ópocnan ee. Ch s t o t o BpeMeHH b h ero >k h3h h aBaaeTca asyx-
roaoBOH npoóPan. Hh k t o xopomeHŁKO He 3Haan, ra^ h Kann
3Knan o h h. HocnaHct, npaBaa, cayxn, k t o o h h yBaeKca Kap-
TOHHOH HrpOH, BBIHrpaaH 30 TŁICHHH H MH0T0 CTpaHCTBOBaaH no PocciH. Ho s t h cayxn Tann h ocTaaHCt ToatKO cayxaMH.
KptiaoBH noaBaaeTca onaTt To a tn o b h k o h iHs1805 r.; s t o t h
roaa> 3acTaeTH ero b h Mo c k bP , ra^ o h h c h TpeMa, nacTtio nepeBeaeHHtiMH, nacTtio nepea^aaHHtiMH, óacHHMH JlacfiOHTeHa, a HMeHHo: «Pa3ÓopnHBaa Hes^cTa)), «Ay6n h TpocTŁ»„ «CTa-
XII
^MHTpieBy. /[.MHTpieBB, npocMoxpEBB hxb, CKa3ajn> eMy: «Ha- KOHeilTb-TO BŁI HailMH BaUIB HCTHHHHH nyXb!» H OÓO,ZipH;i'B ero npoiion>KaxB cboio JinxepaxypHyio _zrtHxe./iBHOCXB bb sxomb po,zrk 3xh nepBHH ero xpn óacHH 6buih noM-tmeHŁi bb H3Aa- BaBineMCH Tor^a bb MockbtŁ jKypHan-B kh. IIIanHKOBa «Mo- ckobckIh 3pHxenB» n hm^jih óojiłihoh ycn ^ B . HecMoxpn Ha 3X0, Kprr/IOBB BCe-TaKH He cpa3y ÓpOCHJIB CBOIO npejKHIOK) 7iHxepaxypHyio ,zrfcHxejiBHOCXB, h bb 1807 r. Hannca^iB eme /ibE KOMe^m: «YpoKB AonnaMB)), «Mo/ŁHyio naBKy» h BonmeÓHyio onepy «MnBn EoraxBipB»; nepBBm abE onem noHpaBHJiHCB nyójraidb h aobojibho iiojiro ,a,ep}KanHCB Ha cneH-fe. Ho sxo óbuik nocjHarnH ero npoH3Be^eHiH bb sxomb po,zrB. HannHan cb 1808 ro^a, ohb BceiHjio ox^ajiCH óacH^s h y>Ke bb 1809 ro^Y BŁinycxHJiB hxb oxaEjiłhoh khh>kkoh bb kojih- ^ 0X6^ 23~XB ntecB. Cb Ka>K^OH 6acHeft pocna cnaBa h h3b-£cx- hocxb KpŁMOBa. Ohb nepBBiń H3B HauraxB óacHonncneBB cxanB nHCaXb xiMB ,fl,0-He./IB3H npOCXBIMB 6e3BHCKyCCXBeHHŁIMB pyc- ckhmb h3łikomb, nncaxŁ KOxopbiMB ao Hero Hy>K^ajIHCB, .aa h He yMEnn, h, BM,iscx'i> cb x'Łmb, npH^aBa^B cbohmb óac- HHMB Hpe3BŁIHaHHO H3HUIHyiO OX.irk./IKy. BoXB HXO TOBOpUTIB O B3BiK:fc ero óaceHB Barejit: «Bb npocxoMB hsbik^ cbocmb h3b npocxtixB H3penemH cxBaxH7iB ohb Bce, nxo noKa3ŁiBaexB ero rnyóoKOMBicnie, h 6e3B jihlhhhxb yKpamemH, 6e3B npnnpaBBi COCXaBHJIB H3B HHXB OpHTHHaTIBHBIH CBOH XBOpeHHi; XaKB CJiaB- hłih noBapB h H3B npocxBixB, ho caMtixB cb^jkhkb npHna- COBB rOXOBHXB BKyCHBIH CXOJIB, KOXOpBIH MO>KeXB y,ZIOBaeXBO- pHXŁ npHxoxHMB B3BiCKaxenBHaro racxponoMa». Hepe3B nnxB ji'Bxb nooH nonBnemn nepBOH ero óacHH, Ana^eMm HayKB, bb 1811 roay, c,zr£najia ero cbohmb nneHOMB h, nocBinan eny nnnHOMB Ha sxo 3Bame, nncana: ccConHHemH BaiHH cny>KaxB hcxhhbimb oóaramemeMB h yKpameHieMB cnoBecHOcan poccifł- ckoh». Bb ero óacHHXB xaKB hjih HHane HaxoAHJiH oxkjihkb He xojibko bcŁ BEjmin h xeneHiji xor^auiHBro o6mecxBa h >kh3hh, ho h nojMXHnecKifl coÓBrriH.
Ero óacHH: «Bo^kb Ha ncapH^w, ((Bopona h Kypnna», h «IE [yKa h Koxb», HanncaHHBiH no noBoay co6bixift 1812 r., cocxaBHnH eny eme óonBinyio nonynnpHOCXB h cnaBy h ao xa- koh cxeneHH no^HHnn 3Haneme ero óacHH, nxo no
BbiconaH-XIII
rneMy noBejH m io ei\iy Ha3HanaexcH H 3t KaÓHHexa E ro B ejin- rtecTBa neHcin no 1,500 p. a c c n m . bt> rojrB. E m e a,o 9Toro KpBUiOBt onHTt n o cT y n n jit (18 0 6 r .) Ha CJiyjKÓy bx> «MoHex-
hbih jienapxaMeHX'B», a bx> 1 8 1 2 r. n e p e u ie jit bx> nyóJiHHHyio ÓHÓJiioxeKy n o jit HanantCTBO CBoero jip y ra A . H. OjieHHria, r jH ohjb h ocTaBancH nonxH jio caMOH CBoeft CMepTH. 3 xa
cjiy m ó a He xpeóoBajia oxx> Hero ycHJieHHBixrB 3aHHxm, ne ox- HHMana mhoto BpeMeHH h ajih aobojibho 6e3nenHaro h jHh h- Baro Kpm iOBa óbiju K a n t p a3t no HeMt. Co BpeMeHH noHBJie- m n ero ó a ce H t, ero 3HaKOMCXBa cxajin HCKaxB b c£, h He xojibko
HSB^crHtie b x xo BpeMH nHxepaxopH, xyji,o>KHHKH, yneHBie, ho h BBicoKonocraBJieHHHH jrana HanepepBiBt npnrjiam ajiH ero kjb c e ó i. H e p a 3 t ohx>óbiji-b npHrjiam aeM t h HMnepaxpnneH M a- piefr ©eiiopoBHon, Bcer,a,a ÓJiarocKJiOHHO oxHOCHBmeHCH K t p yccK o fi Jinaepaayp^ h en cnjiaM t. Bjihjkc B c f e t KptuiOBx> com ejicn e t H3BBcxHBiMt nncareneM L rH^nH neM t, CBorrnt c o- cjiyjKHBneMx> no nyÓJiHHHOH ÓHÓJiioaeidb h K t xoMy >Ke cocfe- n,OMx> no 3aHHMaeMofi KBapxHp-E, h c b ceMBen BBimeynoMHHy- xaro A . H. OjieHHHa. B t bxoh ceMB-t K p ru iO B t ÓBuit npnHHxt K a n t poAHOH h nocjH cnyjK eÓ H oe BpeMH n o n r a Bcerjia n p o- BO/iHJit y hhx"b. Ohx» He pa3t roBapH Bajit ncen^ OjieHHHa: «Korn.a H a cxy n n x t moh nocjH nm H n a c t , h n p n jiy yM eperr K t BaMt, ciona, K t BaniHMt H oraM t». B t 1 8 1 4 ro jiy n oxp eó oB a-
jiocb HOBoe H3n.ame ó a c e n t h óbijio BBmaHO eMy H3t K a ó n - Hexa E ro BejinnecaBa 4,200 p. accHrHaninMH. 3xh óhchh b bi-
ihjih B t 18 15 ron.y B t x p e x t KHHraxt. CjiEjryiomee sa a^ M t H3a.ame hobbix'b ó a ceH t bbilujio B t 18 19 r. n p H HH xt óbijio
noMrfem,eHO npenncjiOBie KpBuiOBa, r ;H OHt r o B o p n jit, hxo
3XHMt H3jiam eM t OHt x o n e x t 3aK0HHHXB cboio A^nrejiBHOcrB. 3 xo 3aHBJieme, KOHenHO, He óbijio HCKpeHHHMt h óbijio BBi3BaH0, K a n t mo>kh o nyMaxB a^ M t, nxo K pauiO B t jn o ó n jit paóoaaaB MenneHHO, oójiyMBiBaH nanenoe cjiobo, KajKjioe BBipajKeme h
n acxo neperHnBiBaH, a Me>na.y x iM x , eMy ne óbijio oxóoh— BC^fe npocHJiH HOBBixx> h HOBB^t ó a ceH t. K a n t ÓBI xo hh óbijio, BnjioxB ao 1825 r. o h b ne BBinycxHJit hh ojihoh hoboh
óacHH, HCKJnonaH óacHH «BacHJieKt», HanHcaHHOH hmx> bt> ajiBÓOMt HMnepaapHnB M ap in G eojiopoB H ^. A ^ n o b x xoM t, n xo bx> 1823 r. c t KpBuioBBiMt cji^jiajicH y jia p t . K o e - K a n t ,
XIV
nepeMorancfc, ohb AOTamHACH ao OAeHHHBixB u nporoBopHAB: «BEab h CKa3ajn> BaMB, kto npHAy yMepeTB y hotb Bamnxx; B3rjiHHHTe na MeHH». EMy no^ajiH TOTaacB >Ke noMomt, h ohb ocraBaACH bb hxb aomE ao CBoero BŁi3AopQBAeHm. Kor^a >Ke o ero 6oaE3hh y3Hajia HMiiepaTpHiia, OHa BeA^Aa OAeHHHy nepeBe3TH ero bb riaBAOBCKt, CKa3aBB: «Hoab mohmb HaA30- pOMB OHB CKOp^e nOnpaBHTCA». jEMcTBHTCABHO, KpBIAOBB TaMB nOIlpABHACH OKOHHaTeABHO H BBIpa3HAB CBOIO npH3Ha- TeABHOCTB HMnepaTpHirt óacHeft «BacHAeKB».
H 3bEcth octb KpBiAOBa He orpaHHHHAacB e ro OTenecTBOMB,
h c b 1820 r. CTaAH noHBAHTBCH nepeBOAti ero óaceHB h Ha HHOCTpaHHBie H3BIKH. Eto noHHHy rpacfDa OpAOBa, hEcko abko
BBiAaiomHxcA 43paHHy3CKHXB h HTaABHHCKHx,B noBTOBB nepe- BeAH 86 e ro óaceH B, kotopbih 6biah p ocK onm o H3AaHBi b b
1825 r. Bb npeAHCAOBin k b 4>paHiiy3CKOMy H3Aamio, Me>KAy npoHHMB, 6biao CKa3aHo: «hh o a h h b HapoAB He hmEc t b óacHO- HHCHa, KOTOpBIH CTOHAB 6 BI BBIHie KpBiAOBa BB H30ÓpETeHlH H OpHrHHaABHOCTH». H e MeHEe AeCTHBIH H BB TO >Ke BpeMH H npaBAHBBIH 0T3B1BB ÓBIAB H BB HTaABAHCKOMB H3AaHlH erO 6aceHB. B ooóm e ohE 6biah BCTpEneHBi HHOCTpaHHOH kphthkoh oneHB coHyBCTBeHHO. n ocA E BToro óacHH ero óbiah nepeBe- AeHBi Ha nEMeuKm, aHrAiftCKm, noABCKiń, eBpeHCKia h Aance Ha apaócK ffl a3bikh.
Bb to m b Hce 1825 r. KptiAOBB onHTB npeAnpHHHAB H3Aa- Hie BHOBB nonOAHeHHBIXB CBOHXB ÓaeeHB H nOAyHHAB OTB ro -cyA a p a Ha oto H3Aame 10,000 p y6 .
B o o ó m e mojkho cKa3ATB, k t o, co BpeMeHH nocTynAeHiH KpBiAOBa Ha CA ym óy b b nyÓAHHHyio ÓHÓAioTeKy, >k h3hb ero n e óoraTa coÓBmaMH. OKpyjKeHHBift aioóobbio, yBamemeMB, CAaBOH, BnoAHE o 6e3neHeHHBiH naKB CAyjKÓoft, TaKB h neH- cieft, KOTopaa b b 18 21 r. yBeAHHHAacB ao 3,000 p., o h b Be- AeTB >k h3hb cnoKOHHyio, poBHyio. CAaBa He oTyMaHHBaAa ero h
OHB OCTaBaACA TaKHMB >Ke, KaKB ÓBIAB, KpaHHe npOCTBIMB H AOCTynHBIMB HCAObEkOMB. EAHHCTBeHHO, HTO erO nOTpHCAO II 3acTaBHA0 em e rA yó m e npKBH3aTBCA k b ccmbE Oach h h biab,
o to CMepTB ópaTa HBBa, >KHBinaro b b Ty n o p y b b npo-
bhhiuh h noAAep>KHBaeMaro h m b. H e octabahaa cbohm b bhh- MameMB KpBiAOBa h napcKan ceMBH h TaKB hah im ane
BBipa-XY
>Kajia eMy CBoe BHmame. TaKB, b b 1831 r. HMnepaiopB Hh- KOJiaft b b HHCjrfc noaapKOBB Ha Hobbih ro,a.B, nocaaHHBixB Ha-
cji^AHHKy, nocjiajrL 6ioctb KpŁMOBa. Bb 1838 r. 2-ro cj^e-
Bpa^H HCnOJIHHJIOCB 50 JI^TB JIHTepaTypHOH A^HTe^BHOCTH KpuJiOBa, T.-e. co BpeMeHH noaBaema b b nenaTH ero Tpare.zi,iH
«<i>H^OMeJia». 3t o t b noayBiiKOBOH loÓHJiefi ó l m b OTnpa3£HO- BaHB TOpJKeCTBeHHBIM'1. OÓpaSOMB. BeJIHKie KHH3LH HnKO^aH HHKOTiaeBHH-Ł H MnxaHJi'Ł HnKOiiaeBHHH npifejKajiH no3^;pa- BiiHTŁ ero, a rocy^apt nonęajiOBajiB eMy 33^ 3^ CTaHHCJiaBa. 3a oó^a o m b no 3TOMy noBoay, na k o t o p o m b npucyTCTBOBa^io
okojio 300 nejiOB-isKH, }KyKOBCKm npHB^TCTBOBajiB KptuiOBa
CJI^jyiOmHMH C^IOBaMH:
«Młi óaaro,zupHMB BacB, BO-nepBŁixB, 3a caMHXB ceón, 3a CTOJIB MHOrin CHaCTJIHBBIH MHHyTŁI, npOBeACHHfclH BB óecfc.zrij
c b BaiHHMt remeMB; 6jiaro.a.apHMB 3a HamHXB lOHOineH npo- rnjiaro, HacTonmaro h 6y£ymHXB noKOJi^Hift, KOToptie cb Ba- IUHMB HMeHeMB Hanajm h ó y a yT B HannHaiB jhoóhtb orene- CTBeHHBlH B3BIKB, nOHHMaTB HSHIUHOe H 3HaKOMHTBCH CB HHCTOK) My^pocTBio }k h3hh; ÓJiaroAapHMB 3a p yccK in HapoAB, k o t o -pOMy BB CTHXOTBOpeHiflXB CBOHXB BBI TaKB B^pHO BBICKa3ajIH
ero yMB h c b Tanoio n peaeciB io aajiH ctojibko rjiyóoKHXB Ha- CTaBJieHin; HanoHenB, ó^arojapHMB BacB h 3a 3HaMeHHT0CTB Bamero hmchh: oho— coKpoBume orenecTBa hBHeceHO hmb b b
^rfeTonHCH ero cjiaBBi».
A khh3b BaseMCKm n p o w r a a B nocBameHHoe eMy CBoe cth- xoTBopeme, rais o h b roBopuTB:
«3a6aBoii o h b jhoach HcnpaBHJiB, CneTaH c b h h x b nopoKOBB nbub; Oh b óacHKMH c e ó a npocjiaBHJiB, H cjiaBa 3Ta— Hama óbinb. I i He 3a6yAyTB s t o h 6u j w, Ilo K a no-pyccK H roBopOTB: E e AaBHo mm 3aTBep^njih, E e h BHyKH 3aTBepAiiTB».
Bb naMHTB 3Toro kdóhjiea ófciaa BBiÓHTa Me^aJiB h OTKpBiTa no^nHCKa ajik cocTaBaeriin n o cT o am iaro K an m ajia, h to6bi n p o - ueHTaMH ero moh/ih coa,epBKaTBca b b yneÓHBixB 3aBe^emHXB
mojioabic jiio^h noAB Ha3BameMB « Kpbh iobckh xb cran eH aia-
XVI
B t 18 41 r., T.-e. nepe3T> neTLipe roAa nocA B io6HAeA, c l
neH cien b l 5,400 p ., K p m io B rL OKOHqaxeALHO ocTaBHJia. CAy>KÓy
h nepe^Kaji-L Ha n a c m y io KBapTHpy Ha BacHAteBCKift ocTp., no
i-h ah h h i, b"l j o m l Kyniaa BjiHHOBa. I Io caF sto to oht> npo-
jkhatj HeAOAro h yMepL 9 -ro HOHÓpn 18 4 4 r. 76-TH aBtt.. KpLMOBa noxopoHHJiH bt> AAeKcaHApo-HeBCKoft AaBpB ph ao m l>
c l ApyrOML. e ro TH^HneML.. I Io caP ero cmcdth ó m ia OTKpriTa no^nHCKa Ha ero naMHTHHicL, KOTopLiH nocTaBAem , bt> J IPt- HeMTb caAy. IlaMHTHHKL), pa6oTLi npO(£>. K.noATa, npeACTaBAneTL. nOOTa TaKHML), KaKOBTb OHT> ÓLIJTL B'L CTapOCTH! TyHHLIML. H TiDKeJILIMLi.
Bo BpeMH Top>KecTBeHHaro npa3AHOBamH c t o aBthato ioóh- Aea K.pBL/iOBa, 2-ro cjDeBpaAH 1868 r., npeocBHmeHHtiH Mana- p in , apKienHCKona. xapŁKOBCKi.H, CKasaAL cA^Ayiom ee, npKO x a- paKTepH3yiom ee aFatcalh octl óacHonHCua, c a o b o: «Hto oh-l
rOBOpHAA? FoBOpHAT, TO, HTO MOJKeTL. TOBOpHTL HCAOBpKL. ca- Maro 3ApaBaro CMBicna, npaKTHHecKm My^pena., h bt> ocoóeH -
hocth M y^pem . p yccK in . BpaTLH cooxeqecTBeHHHKH! AoroBa- pHBaTL a h, hto em e saBFm aAA HaarL 6e3CMepTHLiH óacHonH- ceirL? Oht> saBpmaAT, aioóobl, óesrpaHHHHyio aioóobl ko BceMy OTenecTBeHHOMy, kt> HarneMy poAHOMy CAOBy, kt> Hamen pOA-
hoh CTpaHB h ko bcPm-l HaqaAaMT> Hameft HapoAHOH >k h3h h... HTaK"L, p a3BHBaHTe BaUIH MOAOAŁTA CHALI H CnOCOÓHOCTH, b o c- nHTLiBanTe h yKpPnAAHTe hat, bo bccm-l npeKpacHOM-L, 060- raoraHTe ceón p a3HopoAHHMH n o3HAHi.HMH, o T K y A a 6li o h h h h n p n x o A H A H , CTapaHTecB ycBOHTL c e ó P nAOALi oóm eeBpo- neftcK aro, o 6 m e q e A O B F q e c K a r o o6p a3 0BaHiA. H o sanFiyrL? SaT^feMTj,— noMHHTe,— h to6li Bce s t o A o 6p o, BaMH npioópFTeH - Hoe, npHHecTH bt> jKepTBy eft-— Bameft po a h o h MaTepn, P o c c m ».
npHBOAHMT> xapaKTepncTHKy h 3Haqeme óacHH KpLiAOBa CAOBaMH H. B. ToroAA h aKaAeMHKOB-L iL K.- TpoTa h A . B. Hh
-K H T e H -K a .
Bott> hto nHcaAT. ToroAL. « E ro óacHH— AOCTOAHie HapoA- Hoe h cocTaBAAioTTs KHHry MyApocTH caMoro HapoAa... BcAKan óacHH ero hm^cta. HCTOpHnecKoe npoHCxo>KAeHie. HecMOTpa Ha cbok) HeToponAHBOCTL h, noBHAHMOMy, paBHOAymie KL> co- ÓLITiHMT) COBpeMeHHLIM-L, nOSTTb, OAHaKOJKe, CaFa hAL BCHKOe coÓLiTie BHyTpH rocyA apcTBa: H a Bce noAaBaAT* cboh toaoct*,
XVII
h bt> roaodb 3TOMt c/ibiiiia.ziacb pa3yMHan cepeAHHa, npHMii- pniomia TpeTeftcKift cya-b, KOTopbiMT> TaM-b CHJieH-b pyccKifi ywL, Kor^a aocTHraeTB ao CBoero nojmaro coBepuieHCTBa. CTpOrO BSB-tmeHHŁIArŁ H Kp^IIKHMTj C/IOBOATŁ TaKTa pa30MT> OHT> M Onpe^fejIHT-b .ZrEaO, TaKT> H 03HaHHT-b, BI. HeM"b ero hcthh- Hoe cymecTBO... Booóme ero 3aHHMaaH Bonpocbi BajKHtie. Ba> KHHrB ero bc^m-ł ecTŁ ypoKH, bcEm-b CTeneHHMt bt> rocyaap- ctb^, HaBHHaa ott> BŁicuiaro caHOBHHKa h ao nocji^^Haro Tpy- jKeHHKa, paooxaiom.aro bt> HH3maxr pa,aax-t rocyaapcTBeH- hhxt>... Hh OAHH-b H3-b ri03T0Bx> He yark/i-b ciiioiaTb cboio Mbicnb Tana. omyTH_rejibHOio ii Bbipa>KaTBCH TaKij AOCTynHO BCT^Mt, KaiTB KpŁITIOB-L. IloST-Ł H My^peilt CJULlHCb BT> HeMb Boe^KHO. y Hero >khboiihcho Bce, HaniiHan ca. H3o6pa>KeHiH npHponbi, nji^HHTejibHoń, rposHoft h .zianie rpH3Hoft, ao ne- pe/ianH MajrMuiHXT> ott^hkob^ pa3roBopa, Bbuaiomiix'b >kh- BbeMT> AyrueBHbiH CBOHCTBa. Bce TaKa> cKa3aHO m^tko, Tana, Hafł- aeHO B^pHO h TaK"b ycBoeHbi Kp^nKO Bernu, hto .rance onpe- A^jiHTb Hejib3H, B-b aeMa> xapaKTepa> nepa KpbL/iOBa. Y Hero He noHMaenib ero cnora. ripeaMerb, Kaica> 6bi ne hm^h cjiobcchoh oóojiohkh, BbiCTynaeT-b caMi> coóoio, HaTypoio nepena. rna3a, Cth xh ero Taicnce He cxBaTHuib. HnicaKB He onpea-fejiHmb ero CBOHCTBa: SBynem, jiii ohi>? jieroKi> jih? THncejia, jih? 3ByaeHT> ohtj TaMijj npe^Mer-b y Hero 3ByHH0"b; abhhcctch Tazirt, r^-fc npe^MeTT. ABHnceTca; Kpirnnaerb, rn-E Kp-fenHeTa. Mbicjib,
h CTaHOBHTCH B,n;pyra> jierKHM^, rzrt ycTynaeTa, arencoB-tcHOH
6ojitobh^ .rypana. Ero p-fcnb nonopHa h nocrymHa mbicjih h
jieiaerb, icaica> Myxa, to HB-rarcb Brpyra, bi> a^ihhhomt, mecTH- CTOnHOMTj CTHX"k, TO Ba, ÓbICTpOMa, OAHOCTOnHOMa,: pa3CHHTaH- HbIMT> HHCJIOM-b ClOTOBa, Bbl^aeTT, OHT> OUiyTHTeJIbHO caMyio He- Bbipa3HMyio ea ayxoBHOCTb» *).
K . TpoT-b bt. cBoeM-b o iiepK-fe «JIirrepaTypHaa >k h3hb
KpbiJiOBa» **) roBopHT-b, hto « Me n ery poaaMii n o33m , nepe- meauiHMH Ha pyccKyio noHBy c-b 3anaaa bt. X V I I I ctojiEtIk, 6acHH BC-i3X-b 6oa-£e noaioÓHJiacb HaiHHM-b nHcaTejiHM-b»... «H3-b
*) Cm. CoHHHeHia H. B. Torowa, t. IV, crp.
754—757-**) Cm. CóopHHKT. cTateń, qnTaHHbixT> Bt oTa-taemu pyccKaro a3biK.a u cJiOBecHOCTH HsmepaTopcKOH AnaneMm Hayat. T. VI. CriB. 1869. Grp. 1.
XVIII
b cŁxt> pojiOBT. no33in bt> pyccKOH jn rrep aT yp ^ , £0 chxt> nopT>
tojiłko óacHH, ÓJiarojiapH KpbuiOBy, cjrfejiajiacb bt> nojiHOH M^fc- p E opraHOM t HapojiHOCTH h no iiy x y , u no H3biKy. IIpHHHHbi T anoro BBJieHiH jiojihuio n cn aT t bt> toatł, hto óacHH, n no cymHOCTH CBoefł, n no cfiopM^, ocoóeHHO cooTB-isTCTByerb CBoncTBaMt HapOAHaro jiyx a . JXa a Hen HMemio HyjKeH t n npan- ran ecK ift cmbicjiT), n npocTOAyumaH 3aMbicjiOBaTOCTb, h oxoTa HStHCHBTBCH npHTnaMH h nocjiOBHnaMH, KOToptiH TaKT> npe- oÓJia&aioTTj bt> pyccKOMi, HapoirP. Ecjih caMT. Kpw^iOBt ejiBa He a o copoKan^THHro B03pacTa yjiepjKajicH ott> xy,a,o>KecTBeH- HOH 6aCHH, TO 3TO MO>KHO OÓHHCHHTŁ TOJIbKO eTO CHJIt>HBIMT> CaTIipHHeCKHMH TaJiaHTOMTj, KOTOptlH JIOJITO HCKajTb ce6 E 60- jiise npHMoro h OTKpfciTaro Bbipancema. 3to n peoójiajiaiom ee
cbo h ctbo e ro jiyx a npn^ano h óacHHMt ero ocoóeHHoe 3Ha- nem e. KaKT> cn o p o OKa3ajiocb, hto tohbko btb cjDopivrfc óacHH
AAA Hero b o3mojkho bhojihE ycnEuiH oe coneTam e xy^:o>Ke- CTBeHHaro AapoBaHin ct> nponBJiemeMH rjiyóoKO-caTHpHnecKaro y n a , to oh'l He Mon> ne npejm onecTb ee bchkoh jipyroH 4>opME no33m . H3t> BCrt x rt pyccKH xrB nHcaTenefi y o ah o to
KpŁIHOBa COe^HHHJIHCb BT> BŁICIHeił M-tp"l3 T'B yCJIOBin, KOTO- pŁia MoryTTj c o o6ihhtł 6acHB HCTHHHO-oyóoKoe cojiepH cam e. y A pyrnx'b nHcaTenen óacHH noiTH Bcerjia tojiłko cjiOBecHan HrpyniKa; y Hero OHa—jiBjio, nojiHoe 5KH3HH h 3HaneHiH». H iiajrBe: «E[poBejiH CBoe jtBtctbo Ha Y p a jiB , a noTOMTb b t ojihoh h3t> npHBOJi>KCKHX'B ryó ep m ft, KpbuioBT. nonepnHyjiH nepBbia yMCTBeHHŁiH n pioóp B T em n cboh n o n ra H3H toh >Ke coKpoBHin- HHHLI, KaKT> JIOMOHOCOB'Ł; napOJIHŁIH 6lITT> H HapOJIHblH HSbIKT* cjiE jiajincb juih o ó on x'b HCTOHHHKaMH jiparonBHHbDCb a a a 6 y - A ym eft h x"ł jrBnTejibHOCTH SHamn h o 6p a 30BT>».
A . B. HHKHTenKO b t CBoeft CTaTbB « 0 6acH axrb EL A . KpbuiOBa bh xyjio>KecTBeHbioM'b oTHomemH» roBopH rb b t 3a- KJnoneHie cjiB jiyioin ee: « P a3cy>Kjian o K pbuioBB, młi AajieKO He Bce CKajKeMH o Heni), K orjia HasoBeMH ero óacHonHcneMT, H n0 3T0MT> BT) CaMOMT> BblCHieATb H JiyHUieMT. 3HaHemH 3THXT>
cjiobtj. H caMan HpoHia e ro ctojib TOHKan h MHoro3HaHyin;aH, H3o6jiHHaiom,aH Tanyio npoHHnaTejibHocTb h He3aBHCHMOCTb yMa, He jiOBepniHTTj H acToam aro o hcm-ł noHHTin. IIpaBiia, bt> A y x ^ en, oh-b roBopHjrb co cbohmtj Hapoa,OMT> Tan^, KaKT> r o
-XIX
Bopmn* 6u Hapo^t cant cl co6ok>. 3to BticoKoe aoctohh-
ctbo. Ho BajKHO to, hto satononajiocb bt> ero cxoBaxT>. Oht roBopHjn> eMy o He,a,ocTaTKax'b, nopOKaxT> HejlOB-fcHecKPrKT,, a óojrfce Bcero o rfon,, KOToptie nopancaiorb caMHH ochobłi ne- ^OB^TecKaro óbrra— o rpyóbrrb Hapymem^^ npaBAbi h 3aKOH- hocth, o sjToynoTpeó.iem^-L chjibi h BJiacra, ^apyeMBKt ycTa- HOBJieHiHMH o6ru,ecTBa. Stom^ -to oht> npe^ocTeperajit cbo- HXT> COOTeHeCTBeHHHKOBt OTT> nOAOÓHbHCŁ Hpa BCTBeHHbIXT>
30^it> h HanpaBaajit yj\rb hxt> kt> noHHMaHinMT> hcthhhbk^ ycjiOBiw oómecTBeHHaro .aoópa. Ero AaioTT) HHTaTb h yHHTB HaH3ycTb /['feTHMt' ^HCTBHTeTiŁHO, h ajih jiir e ń OHt Bcer,aa
Óy^eTT^ CaMŁIMT) npHB./ieKaTe./IbHbIMT. COÓecisAHHKOMT., HaCTaB- HHKOMT BT> H^KOTOpLIKT) HpaBCTBeHHŁIXT> HCTHHaX"b, BTj HHCTOT^ h KpacoTaxT> caiMopo^Haro pyccnaro cjiOBa. Ho cymnocTŁ h a,yx"Ł ero ypoKOB^ npHHa/tJiejKHTT) ne hmt>, a tikt, omaMT n B3pOC>TŁMT> ÓpaTŁHMT). Hame BCerO AO/[>KHbI HXT> BblCJiyiHHBaTb Bbicmie ^,'EaTeJiH o6mecTBa, bojkah ero, Korna bt> thihhh^ OHH SaKOTHTT) ÓeC^AOBaTb CO CBOeiO COB^CTblO. TaKT H3T> TJiy-6hhh Hpomn, noBHToft iiB^TaMH rio33iH, BOSHHKaeTT. npe,a,i> HaMH, caMT> Toro He noAosp^Baa, BejiHKffl yHHTejib, My/tpeH^b Hapo^a, h ero HenoApaHcaeiMO-H3HmHbHi óacHH cTaHOBHTCH ajih nacii Jiynineio KHHroH oónrecTBeHHOH HpaBCTBeHH0CTn».
CaMan Jiyninan xapaKrepHCTHKa oópa3a >kh3hh, npHBbiHeiCb, CKJiOHHOCTeH KpbMOBa BT> ero BTOpoń nepioATj jkh3hh h ;H- HTe^ibHOCTH, t. - e. co BpeMeHH nocTynjieHia Ha cjiyjKÓy bt> nyóJiHHHyio ÓHÓJiioTeKy, sto pa3CKa3bi 6jih3ko 3HaBmnx'b h CTOHBiHHx,b kt> HeMy coBpeMeHHHKOBij, KOTopue Tenepb co- 6paHbi bt> o^ho rHjioe h hochttj HasBame aHeKAOTOBT). npn-BOAHMT. HX'b 3,ZrEcb.
XapaKTepHCTHHecKin nepTbi CBoen HapyjKHOCTH KpbinoBT. caiMTi onrica^iT) bt. mojio^octh Taicr:
(fHepiAKO mhjiłjmtj ÓHTb /Keaaa, $ nepea/Ł sepKaaonn, Bepaycb... H, HcnyjKaBuiHCB caMt ceóa, Bopny, hto Baaaa npHpoaa He aopaóoTaaa Mena H TaK"Ł nycTHJia KaKB ypoaa. A o ca ^ a cHaBHaa óep eT t, lloaTO h BBinymeHb Ha CB-feTt
XX
Gb TaKOio rpyóoił roAOBOio. 3aÓHBinncB, poKB h noHomy, H tojiobbi jpyroń npomy, He 3HaA, H'feMB H TOH HCTOJO, KoTopyio TeriepB Homy».
(«CIIB. MepKypifi», h. III., cTp. 12—13). * *
KpŁIAOBt, K aK t CTapfcIH XOAOCTAKt, MaJIO 3aHHMaACH CBO-
hm b TyaaeTOM t h ÓHAt Booóme HepniHAHBt h p a s c i a H t . K o - rAa OHt n p r ix a A t B t nepBHH p a s t bo ABopent aah npeA-CTaBAema HMnepaTpHnA Mapin GeoAopoBHis, A . H. OAeHHHt, KOTopHH AOAmeHt ó tiA t npeACTaBHTb ero rocyAapuirib, cna-
3aAt eMy:
— A ań-K O B3rjiKHyTB Ha Te6a, H B a n t AHApeeBHHt, Bce ah
Ha Teó^ B't nopHAK^?
— K a n t me, Aackc^h HnKOAaeBHHt, HeymeAH h n o^A y HepaxoH bo ABopeiit? H a MHi hobbih MyHAnpt.
-—- A a hto me 3to 3a nyroBHuti Ha HeMt?
— Ax t h! Oh-Ł eme B t 6yMamKaxt, a MHi h HeBAOMeKt n x t pacKyTaTL.
HHorAa pa3ci>HHHOCTt ero AOxoAHAa aototo,hto OHt KAaAt B t cboh KapaiaHt, bm^cto HoeoBoro nAaTKa, Bce, hto hh no- naAaAocb B t pyKii, CBoe hah nymoe. 3a o óim oM t CMopnaACH OHt HHOrAa TO B I HyAOKt, TO B t HenHHKt, KOTOpue BŁITa- CKHBaAt H3t CBoero KapMaHa. nepnaTOKt o h t HHKorAa He ho- CHAt HH 3HMOIO, HH A^BTOMt, CHHTaH HXT> Óe3nOAe3HOIO pO- CKOIHBIO. BlbHHO HXt TepAK), TOBOpHAt O H t,— Aa H pyKH y aieHA He 3a6H yTt».
*
B o T t eme nepTa pasc^AHHOCTH KpŁiAOBa. naHaeBt nocAaAt K t Heaiy cboh ccHam aaIh)). KpBiAOBy xoTisAOCB, yBHA^BHiHCb c t HHMt, noÓAaroAapHTŁ ero. IAHAHHt pa3CKa3HBaAt, hto Ha óyAŁBapi; B t pa3Hoe BpeMA ocTaHaBAHBaAt OHt TpoHXT> He-
3HaKOMBIXt eMy AIOAeH H npHHOCHAt HMt CBOHD ÓAarOAapHOCTb. HaKOHent, b t nyÓAHHHOMt HTeHin 06mecTBa CopeBHOBaTe- Aen, OHt npocHAt TH^AHna noKa3aTb eMy, x o t a caMt 3iraAt ero, h a h, no Kpaimeft M ^ p i, h^cko ałko pa3t b k a s a c a h rc- BopHAt c t HHMt. TH^AHHt aah myTKH yKa3aA t eMy Ha K o p cia ;
XXI
Kpuaobb roTnacB nomejit h CTaAB ÓAaroAapuTB ero, ho, ybhah, hto totb He noHHMaeTt ero, y3HaAB cboio ouiHÓKy h, HaKo- HerrŁ caMB OTBicnaAB IlaHaeBa (3aM^TKH B. M. RHAJKeBHHa).
* *
Pasa* KpŁMOBt npifeaAB k b OAHOMy CBoeMy 3naKOMOMy.
C^yra CKa3aAB eMy, hto óapnHB cnHTB.
— Hunero, OTB^naAB Kpbiaobb, — n noAOJKAy.
Cb 3THMH cjiOBaMH oh b npomeAB b b rocTHHyio, AerB TaMB Ha AHBaHB h 3acHyAB. MejKAy t^m b, xo3Ah h b npocHyACA, BXOAHTB BB KOMHaTy H BHAHTB AHHO, COBepHieHHO HC3Ha- K O M O e .
— Hto btm b yroAHO? cnpocHAB ero Kpbiaobb.
— Ilo3BOJiŁTe Aynine M n i CA^AaTB btm b sto tb BonpocB, CKa3aAB X0 3HHHB, — nOTOMy HTO 3ATkCB MOA KBapTHpa.
-- KaKB? Ha B^AB 3A"BCB JKHBeTB H.?
— H ^t b. Tenepr >KHBy h sa^cb, a r. H. >k h a b, m o jkctb-
ÓBITB, AO MeHH.
IIoCA^ BTOrO pa3rOBOpa, X03AHHB CnpOCKAB H KpBIAOBa o6b
ero cjaaMHAm h, KorAa t o t b CKa3aAB, oópaAOBaACH CAynaio,
hto bhahtb y ceón 3HaMeHHTaro óacHonHcna, h nanaAB npo-
chtb ero CA^AaTB eMy necTB — ocTaTBCH y Hero.
— Ht^t b y>KB, OTB^naAB Kpliaobb:— MHi u t t k b TenepB
COB^CTHO CMOTp^TB Ha BaCB,— H CB 3THMH CAOBaMH ymeAB.
* ?}c *
}KeAyAOKB y RpriAOBa óbiab noHCTHH-t óoraTBipcKm. OAHajKABi ohb npHKa3aAB npnroTOBHTB kb CBoeny oó-^Ay npa- >KeHBIXB nHpOJKKOBB. OhB CB^AB H^ABIH ACCATOKB H nOTOMB CnOXBaTHACA, HTO BB HHXB ÓBIAB KaKOH-TO CTpaHHBIH BKyCB Aa H HB^TB HeoÓBIKHOBeHHBIH. KpHAOBB KpHKHyAB KyxapKy, HO OHa 3aH^MB-To OTAyHHAacB bb AaBOHKy. Ohb norneAB caMB Ha KyxHio. Bhahtb, Ha onarfc ctohtb KacTpioAA, HenumeHuaH h He Ay>KeHan cb He3anaMHTHBixB BpeMeHB; 3arAKHyAB bb Hee,
3eAeHBie nnpo}KKH, T.-e. noKpBiTBie 3aAeHOio uprio, nAasaioTB
BB 3eAeHOMB MaCJrfc. IIoCMOTp^AB-nOCMOTp^AB, H HMB OBAa- A^ao HCKymeme— nupojKKOBB eme ocTaBaAOCB mecTB niTyKB. «Ha hto, noAyMaAB ohb,—b^ab sto HHnero: cb^ab >Ke n
Ae-XXII
c h to k h, a rnecTB Ky^a hh h m o!»— aa h cnpoBaAHJin h xh bh
CBOH MOBO,ZieHKm JKeByAOKH.
Cjitima jKajioóti mojioalixb jno^eń Ha caa6ocTB >Ke^ynKa,
o h h, yjiBióancB, roBOpHJin:
— A b Tann, ótiBaBO, He .aaBajin eMy noTamon Ectih nyTB
ohh sa/iypHTH, to h h t^mch B^BOe, a TaMT> orna ceó^ KaKT>
XOHeiHB paSB^BŁIBaHCH.
* * *
O^HajKABi KpwnoBH ółuih npHn/iameHH rpacjDOMij
MycH-HŁIMH-IIyiHKHHŁIMH Ha OÓ^BH CH ÓJHOBOMH MaKapOHH, OTBHHHO npHrOTOBJieHHŁIXT> KaKHMH-TO SHaTOKOMH-HTaBBHHHeMH. K p tl-
jiobh onos.zia.an h nprJ^aBn, Kor^a y>Ke no.aaBa.TH TpeTBe
ÓJUOAO ---3HaMeHHTLIH MaKapOHBI.
— A! BHHOBaTT)! cKa3aBT> Becejio rpacfrn,— Tann both BaMn
h HaKa3ame.
Oht. HaKnajin ropoio rayBonyio Tapeany ManapoHn, Tann
HTO OH^ y>Ke nOH3HH CH en BepIHHHŁI, H nOAaJIH BHHOBHHKy.
KptinoBH ch HecTBio BBiHecB sto HaKasaHie.
— H y, cnasann rpac^H,— sto He bh cneTn; TenepB Hann- HaHTe oó^/iaTB en cyna, no nopn^Ky.
Bn KOHirB O Ó^ a COCACH RpBUIOBa BBipa3HJTB H^KOTOpBIH onacemn 3a ero Hce^yBOKH.
— A a hto eMy caRiaeTCH, otb^thjtl KpBiaoBn: — h, no- jKajiyń, xotb TenepB >ne totobt. eme pa3n npoBHHHTBCH.
* *
Kann-TO pa3H, BenepoMH, Kphjiobh samean k h ceHaTopy
ABanyMOsy h 3acTan r y Hero h^ckotibko neaoB^KH, npHraa-
meHHBKB Ha y>KHHH. AóaKyMOBn h ero tocth npucTaaH kh
KpBiHOBy, hto6bi ohh HenpeM^HHO cb hhmh OTyjKHHajin; ho o h t He noaaaBaacH, roBopa, hto a,OMa ero o^KH^aeTH CTep- biokbh yxa. HaKOHenn, y,aaaocB yroBOpHTB ero noan ycao- BieMH, hto y}KHHH óyaeTH no^aH-B HeMeaaeHHO. GfeaH 3a CToan.
KpBIBOBH CH^JIT. CTOJIBKO, CKOHBKO BCe OCTTJIBHOe o6meCTBO bm^ctR h ea,Ba yemfean nporaoraTB noca^AHift nycoKH, Kann
XXIII
— IIoMHJiyHTe, HBairL AHApeeBHm,, Aa Tenepb-TO KyAa JKe BaM t TOpOriHTBCH? 3aKpHxiaAH X03HHHA H rOCTH BA, OAHHA ro A O C A : — bPa b bbi noyjKHHaAH.
— JX& CKOAbKO >Ke p a s t M Hi B aM t rOBOpHTb, HTO MeHH AOMa CTepAHJKbH y x a o>KHAaeTA; h h t o ó o io c b , htoóai OHa He n p o - CTbMa, cepAHTO o t bPt h a a Kp h a o b a h yAaAKjiCH c o Bceio rio- cn-tniHOCTbio, Ha KaKyio t o a a k o ó h a a cn o c o ó e H A .
%
*
Pa3t BA CMeiKHOMb CA KBapTHpOH KptlAOBa AOM^ CAy- HHACH nOIKapt. JIlOAH KpblAOBa, C006lII.HBA OÓA 3T0MA, 6pO~
CHAHCb cnacaTb pa3HHH Bema h HeoTcrynno npocnAH, h t o6h o h a, nocn^mHAA, coópaTb c b o h óyMarH h rdfcHHbie npeAMeTbi.
H o oha,, He o ó p a m a n Brn-mamu Ha npocbów, KpHKH h cyjyia-
TOxy, He OA^saACH, npHKa3aAA> noAaTb ceó^b naft h, BbinHBA e r o He roponncb, e m e 3aKypiaAA curapy. Ko h h h b a Bce s t o,
oha, HanaAA, MeAAeHHO OA^BaTbca; noTOMA, bh h a h Ha yAi-my,
norAAA^AA, na rop^Bmee 3Aame h, CKa3aBt: « H e a a h nero
nepeÓHpaTbCA)), B0 3BpaTHACH Ha cboio KBapTHpy h yAercn cno-
KOHHO Ha AHBaHA,.
* * *
y KpfcIAOBa HaAA, AHBaHOMA,, TA^ OHA OÓbIKHOBeHHHO CH- A^AA,, BHC^Aa, COpBABLHHCb CA, OAHOrO rB 03AH, HAHCKOCb nO c r fH -p , ÓOAbHiaa KapTHHa BA TAJKeAOH p a iH . KtO-TO 3aivdsTHAA eM y, h to h A p y ro ft t b o s a b, Ha KOTopoMA OHa e m e A ep iK aA acb , H enpoqeH A h h to KapTHHa K orA a-H H Ó yAt MO>KeTA y n a cT b h
yÓHTb e ro .
— H 4t a, OTB^naAA KpbiAO BA,— y ro A A paMbi a o a j k c h a 6 y - AeTA b a TaKOMA C A y ia ^ HenpeM^HHO onircaT b KpHByio ahhho
H MHHOBaTb MOIO rOAOBy.
* *
Ba «OfeBepH0fł n iieA ^ » (1847 r ., N° 22) HeHSB-kcTHbift aBTopA p a 3CKa3biBaeTA cA ^ A y io m ee:
«3 aMpTHBA Ha c r i m ^ e r o KOMnaTbi r p n3Hoe iih t h o, n o3aAH r f x A K peceA A , Ha KOTOpbIXA OHA nOCTOAHHO CHACHBaAA, OÓpa- 30BaBiueecH o t a n a c T a ro npHKOCHOBemH roAOBbi k a OAHOMy
XXIV
Arfccry, h nocoB^TO Bajit H. A . BtiKpacnTt KOMHaTy. S a M ^ a m e Moe, noBHAHMOMy, yAHBHAO ero, KaKA 6łi Ba>KHoe OTKpHrie.
— 3x a, dpaTeuA, cn a3aAA o h a, HeMHoro noAyMaRiHH,—
b^ab q p e3A h^ck o ałk o AHeń iiohbhtca HOBoe iihtho; HeyjKTO AAH 3TOrO BCAKift p a3A KpaCHTŁ KOMHaTy?
IIpH3BaBT3 nOTOMA CAy>KaHKy, OHA CTaAA eft BŁirOBapHBaTb, noneMy OHa He n o3aóoTHTCA cmhtł m m io ; KorAa >Ke ona bo3- pa3HAa, hto nKTHO óyAeTib em e xy>Ke h óoAŁiue, ecAH ero błi-
młitł, noTOMy hto KpacKa KpyroMi) c o h a c t a, H . A . OTB^naAA npecepbe3Ho: « /U , npaBAa tbo h! H y , n ona mbi CA^AaeMA Ayqm e: npHKpOH nATHO HHCTOIO TpHnHHKOIO, npHKpisnHBA ee KA CrfiH^,
h Ka>KAŁiH p a3A, KaKA TpanHKKa 3aMapaeTCA, MOJKeniL ee bbi- MŁITB». BblAyMKOIO 3TOIO OHA OCTaACA TaKA AOBOAeHA, KTO AHHO e ro , iipe>KAe 03aóoqeHHoe, T orqacA npociaAO ocoóchhmma yAO-BOAŁCTBieMA)).
3ameAA OAHajKAH k a HBaHy AHApeeBHHy h oóom eAA B c i KOMiraTŁi; b a h h xa He 6mao hh oahoh jkhboh A yum ; nAaTiA peóeHKa npnBeAA mchh b a KyxHio, .H n ojiaraaA HaftTH
b a Hen k o t o-ah óo H3A HeMHoroHHCAeHHŁixA cAyrA ero; Hanpo- THBA, A HameAA CaMOrO X03AHHa. OhA CHA^AA Ha npOCTOH CKaMeńK^; b a koałiBcah nepeAA hhma a o kaAA peóeHOKA, hc- yroMOHHO KpHHaBuiiH. H. A . c a oxeqecKOfo 3aóoTAHBOCTbio Ka- naAA ero h npHÓaioKHBaAA. Ha BonpocA moh, AaBHO api3arm- MaeTCH 3THMA peMeCAOMA, OHA npecnOKOHHO OTB'feqaAA: «Ht o->k a
A^AaTL? HerOAAH, OTeHA H MATŁ, ÓpOCHAH Ha MOH pyKH Haro peóeHKa, a caMH yiHAH B o rA 3HaeTA KyAa». H. A . n p o- AOAHUAA ycepAHO HCnOAHATŁ o6H3aHHOCTL HHHBKH AO T ix A nopA , nona ne B03BpaTHAacŁ MaTb.
* *
X o3AHHA AOMa, BA KOTOpOMA K p H A O B A 3aHHMaAA KBapTHpy AO noAyqemH Ka3eHHOH, npnHecA eMy aah noA nncn KOHTpaKTA.
Ba 3TOMA KOHTpaKTdfe, MeJKAy npOHHMA, ÓHAO HanHCaHO, KTOÓbl OHA, KpŁIAOBA, ÓblAA OCTOpOJKCHA CA OTHeMA, a 6yA e, q ero Bo>Ke coxpaHH, a o m a cropHTA no ero HeocTopoJKHoeTH, TO OHA o6a3aHA 3anAaTHTŁ CTOHMOCTb AOMa, HMeHHO: 60,000 p y- ÓAen accnrH .
XXV
KpunoBH nonnH cann KOHTpaKTTa h kh cyMM-fc 60,000 npH- óaBHJit em e nBa Hyna, hto cocTaBHno 6.000,000 p y ó .
-— Bo3LMHTe, CKasaTIt KpblHOBH, OT^aBaa KOHTpaKTH xo-
3aHHy: h na b cŁ nyH KTŁi cornaceHn; ho hjih T o r o , htoóh b u
6bvm coBepmeHHo oóesneneH u, % bm^bcto 60,000 py6 . n o cra -
bhhh 6.000,000. 3to hhh Bacn ó yn eT n x o p o m o , a hhh mchh
Bce paBHO, h6o h He bh coctohhIh 3annaTHTb hh to h, hh
npyrofi: cyMMti.
* *
n o COB^Ty HOKTOpOBH, KpblHOBH emeHHeBHO ryjIHJin. B n nom nnHBoe h HeHacTHoe BpeMH OHt H3 6npann hhh n p oryn oK n BTOpOH HpyCH roCTHHarO ABOpa, KOTOpfclH o6xOHHJIH h^ckojilko
p a3H. B n TO BpeMH CHH^HfcHŁI OÓbIKHOBeHHO CaMHMT Ha30HJIH- BblMH o6p a30MT> 3a3UBaHH npOXOJKHXH BT> CBOH HaBKH. OnH a- m n u ohh jKecTOKO araKOBann KpbiHOBa. — « y H a c t caMEie jiyn u iie M^xa! nom anyiiTe! nomanyHTe!» h noHTH HacHJibHO 3aTam,HJiH ero bt> naBKy. Ohh p^hihhch hxh npoyHHTb n cna- 3ann:
— H y, noKaHCHTe >Ke, hto y Bacn x o p o m a ro ?
Chh^hłhłi HaTacKajiH eMy pa3Hbixn MfeoBn. Ohh
pa3Bep-TBIBaJIH, pa3rHHHBIBaHH H rOBOpHHH:
— Xopoura, xopom n, a ecT t jih eme nymne? npHTamHJiH eme.
— X op om n h oth, na h^th hh eme noHynme?
Eme pa30CTnanH nepenn hhmh MHomecTBO m,Bx o b h. T a - KHMH 0Ópa30MH OHH nepepEIHH BCIO naBKy.
— H y, ónaronapio Bacn, CKa3ann ohh, HaKOHemn:—y Bacn MHoro npeKpacHtixH Bemei! npomaHTe!
— Kann, cynapŁ? A a pasB^s BaMH He yronHO KynHTt? — H ^t h, moh npy3tH , mh-B HHHero He HanoÓHO. fl. n p o- xa>KHBaiOCb 3H^CŁ AJin 3HOpOBbH, H BH HaCHHbHO 3aTamHHH MeHH BH JiaBKy.
H e y c n ijiH ohh em e bh h th H3H sto h naBKH, Kann ch-
h^hbhh cH^nyiomeH naBKH non.xBaTHJiH ero: — « Y Hacn can u e ny^rnie, nom anyH Te-cn», h BTam ajin ero bh cboio naBKy. K.pu-
jiobh TaKHMH m e o6pa3 0MH nepepbuiH Becb hxh TOBapn, no- xBaHHHH ero, noónaronapHJin ToproBHeBH 3a noKa3n h Bbimenn..
XXVI
CTirfeAyiom,HX'L jiaBOKa,, nepenienTŁiBancB Mem,a.y co- 6oh h yAbióancb, £aAH eMy cbo6oahłih npoxo,zia>. Ohh yme y 3Ha^n o ero npoKa3axa, H3a, nepBoft AaBKH. Ca, T fca, nopa, KpbUIOBa, CnOKOHHO H CBOÓOAHO npOryjIMBa^CH rio rOCTHHOM y ABOpy H TOAbKO OTKJiaHHBa^CH na yBTHBbie nOKAOHbl H Bece- AblH yjIBlÓKH CBOHXA> 3HaKOMbIxa, CHApAbljeBa,.
* * *
KpbuiOBa, He AioÓHJia, Me^HHHHbi, u BcerAa, KaKa, tojibko
HaHHHajia. ayBCTBOBaTb xaHApy, o6pamaACH ka, HTemio rjiy rrM - IHHXa> pOMaHOBA, *). 3tO ÓblAO e^IHHCTBeHHOe Cpe^CTBO KA, B0 3- CTaHOBJiemio ero 3AopoBbH. B ce sto BnpoaeMa,, ne MpmaAO eMy B^pHTb ba, CHMnaTm h HcnoTiHBTB caMLie nea^nbie co bBtbi CTa- pyxa>. y m e Ba, npeKAOHHbixa, ApTaxa,, KpbuiOBa, 3a6oApAa, po- m e ń Ha AH irk IIpHrjiameHHBiH n o yT p y Bpaaa, nponncaAA, eMy jieKapcTBa h BeaepoMA,, n p o P sm a a mhmo AOiMa IlyÓAHaHOH ÓHÓjiioTeKH, nom ejiajia, B3rAAHy tb Ha CBoero 3HaMeHHTaro na- nieHTa. Hto m e OHa> yBHA^aa,? EojibHOH c h a n a t, na toma, m e K pecAp, t a^ OHa> ero ocTaBHAa, yapoMA,; ho Bce ero amho 6biao
saB^meHO KpacHŁiMa, cyKHOMa,, Ba> kotopom a, óbiah n p o p B3aHbi AB^ ABipOAKIi AAA rJia3B.
— Ka> aeMy bbi s t o A^AaeTe? cn p ocn A b ero AOKTopa,. — R a bota, ohB roBopHTa>, bto sto noMoraeTA,, oTBilmaAA, KpŁuioBa>, yKa3ŁiBan Ha KaKHxa>-xo meHim-iHA,, cha^sbihhka, Ba, COC^AHeft KOMHaTB.
RoKTopy ctohao 6oałihobo TpyAa yBppma, ero, HTO Ae- KapcTBa A^HCTBHTeAbH^e KpacHaro cyKHa.
OAHamAH KpbiaoBa, óbiaa, npHrAameHa, Ha oóBaa, ka, hm- nepaTpniR M apin OeoAopoBHp Ba, IlaBAOBCKA,. TocTeH 3a cto- aoma, óbiao HeMHoro. Phaoma, ca, h h m i cha^aa, }KyKOBCKiH. KpbiAOBa, He OTKa3biBajiCH hh ota, oahoto ÓAioAa.
*) KptMOB-Ł jiioóhjii, HHTaTL poMaHbi Ba cTapnHHbiKb nepeBOAaKb, H poMaHb ółijtc, rjiyirte, oht, ócwrfee HpaBUJica eaiy.
XXVII
— A a oTKajKHCt xotb pasa,, HBam, AHUpeeBun-b, iuenHy^i.
eMy ACyKOBCKm:— nan HMnepaTpnn^ bo3mojkhoctb nonoTHH- BaTt te6a.
— H y, a Kant He nonoTHyeTn? oTB^nairb KpbuioBi, h npo- jo./DKa./it HaK^aABiBaTt ceóis Ha Tape-any.
*
HMnepaTpHiia A./ieKcaH^pa GeonopoBHa, Kant pa3CKa3ti- BaioT'L, nonapnua o^HajK^ti KptuiOBy cfiapcfiopoByio Haniny ct> KpfciiHKOH, noKpbiTOfi Ko6a^BTOMT. ct> jkhbohhcłio Ha KJieHMaxa>, a noTOMTa, BcnoMHHBB, hto 9Ta nanina ÓŁuia eft nonapeHa hm- nepaTpHHeio Mapiero GeonopoBHOK), npHKa3a.aa noTpeóoBaTb ee Hasano. K o rn a npHKa3ame óbino cooómeHO KpbinoBy, to OHrL OTB^iayiT.: «Ao^iO}KHTe rocynapbra^, hto noTOMy a u He OTnaMT) HauiKH, hto OHa npHHa/uieiKajia noKOHHmnb). Otb^tt. ółijit, nepenaHT. HMnepaTpnH^, KOTopan CKa3ana: ((Hto nPnaTb co CTa- pHKOMTj? riycTb OHa y Hero ocTaHexoi)>. (CooómeHO A . B. Hh- KHTeHKoio). O/mano, BnocnAacTBin naniKa óbma B03BpameHa.
* * *
Oahht, t o a t. rmnepaTopCKaa cjDaMunin ninna Bn Ah h h ko -BOMb ^BOpa^, a KpbUIOBTj BTE> TO BpeMH 5KHJTŁ BT> HOM^ I ly -
ójihhhoh ÓHÓnioTeKH. Pasn HMnepaTopTi HuKonair IlaBnoBHHn
b c t p^th^t. KpbMOBa Ha HeBCKOArb n p ocn eK rk
— A! liBam^ AHnpeeBUHn! K an n nonorBaeuib? AaBHO He Bunairacb mh Cb toóoh! CKasann HMnepaTop-b.
■— AaBHeHbKO, Banie BejinnecTBO, OTBibnanij ó^CHonucenH.,— a B^Hb, KaiKHCb, COC^AH.
* * *
OnHaiKAbi KpbuiOBT) nojiyHHjrb npHrnameme Ha npiinBop- Hbift MacKapann. 3 a h^ckojibko nHen no Macnapana, ohtj, bt> MpaHHOMT. pacnonojKemu nyxa, cnn^nrb nocn-B oó^na y A. H. OneHHHa.
— Hto cb BaMH, n^nym na? cnpocnna BapBapa AneKcPeBHa OneHima, nonb A . H. OneHHHa.
— A a bott. a: Hano ,PxaTb bo nBopenn, b i luacKapana*, a He 3Haio, Katcb oh^tbch.
XXVIII
- /ta BU, A^AyiUKa, nOMŁMHCL, nOÓpHTIHCŁ, OA^LHCŁ 6bl nmne, Bacrb TaM-Ł hhkto 6bih ne y3Hajrb, oTBpqa.zia O n em m a.
P a3p^inHTŁ Tpy^Hyio sa g a n y , Kanx OA^Ttca, y ^ a jo c L 3Ha- MeHHTOMy TparHKy B. A . KapaTurmiy, KOTopuft HapniuuiB no- 3Ta bl>koctiomtj KpaBHaro. MacKapa^a, 3totl> 6uj\rh ycTpoeH^ no aHrjiiHCKOMy oÓLinafo: KOMy AocTancH KycotCL nupora co cnpHTaHHBiMi. bl> HeM"B 6oóoml>, totl> h 6uj\rb napeMB npa3A- HHKa. Ket 9T0My napio KpŁMOBt oópaTHaca ct> c/rkayiomeH p^nLio:
n o nacTH KpaB^ecKOH, o napb, mh-P pPnb no3BOJb, PI to, nero TeóP )Kejaio,
H TO, O HeML X yMOMIO, He Mopmacb, BbicjiymaTb H3BOJib. }Kejaio, Haim. otcul, TeóP x anneTHTa,
Htoól Ha j.eHb pasa. xotb imtb tbi KymaJib 6u jocbiTa, A TaMt 6bi cnajrb, ja noHHBajb,
ila CHOBa KyrnaTb óbi BCTaBajb,— Botl jkhtł 3jopoBaj MaHepa!
Cl Hefi kl r o jy ,—3a sto h, KpaBHiił. tboii, óepycb,— Tbi óyjeuib y/KL ne óoól, a óyjeiiib napb-ap6y3b! OTeuL narn-b! He óepn tli cl tPxl aapeS npFM-fepb,
KoTopbie He jiaKOMo 'fejjTL, 3a nojjaHHbixL He c m t l,
H TOJIbKO JHIHb TOTO H CMOTpjTL H TJHJJTL, HtOÓL ÓbMH BCp y HHXL JOBOJIbHbl H CHaCTJHBbi;
Ho, pa3cyjH npemyjpo caML, Hto 3a jKHTbe cl TaKoii 3aóoTon nonojaMb;
PI ÓPjHbIMb KpaBHHML HaML KaKoił TyTL >KjaTb ceóP Harpajbi? T o rja xotb ópocb Bce tiame peaiecjo. HPt l, ne toto óli mhP xoTpjocb!
H BCHKiS jeHb mojiocb Tenjio,
Htoóbi TeóP, OTeiiL, nnaocb 6bi jh-hhb, ja pjiocb, A jPjo 6bi Ha yML He hmo.
CTHxoTBopeHie s t o rocy^apL HnKOJiaH riaBJiOBHLL) BLicjy- inaJL) CL> BHJHMLIML) y^OBOLBCTBieML). TyTL> >Ke KpŁICtOBL) npo- nejL) BnepBLie óaemo «BejiBMO}Ka». Bch óacHH h ocoóchho 3a- KJIOLHTeJILHLie CTHXH TaKL> nOHpaBHJIHCB rOCy^apiO, LTO OHL>
o6h h jl> aBTopa, nouAnoBanb. ero h cKa3aLL>: CTapnicL, * *
*
KpBMOBL) ÓUJL. XOpOLLIO npHHHTL) Bl> AOM^ rpacjDHHH C. B. CTporaHOBOH h nacTO TaML> oó^jiajn,. CTOJiOBaa rpacjamm ot
-XXIX
JIH^aJiaCfc pOCKOHIHLIML, yÓpaHCTBOML.; Me>KAy npOHHMTa, HaA"Ł caMHMij oó^^CHHfciMt ctojiomx BHC^na rpOMajHan jnocTpa, ynp a- meHHan KpynHtiMH xpyCTajiLHBiMH rpaHHMH cTapHHHOH paóoTBi; Ha rpaHHxi) 3th x,l OTCBFnHBajiT) cojmeHHLiH cbPtl, caMHMH pa3- H006pa3HBIMH paiiyjKHŁIMH HBpTaMH, HTO npOH3BOAHJIO ÓOTIBIHOH BcjpeKT'!..
P ast, bo BpeMH oóP^a, bl, KOTopoMt ynacTBOBajn^ KpBi-
jiobt,, nocpTHTejiH rpacj3HHH Be^iH pa3roB oprt o TOMia, xo p o m o
jih czFbiajn* HMnepaTOpt IleTpT. BejraKin, hto ocHOBajiL r ie te p - ó y p r t . Cnopa> 6biji^ aobojibho }KapKm h, pa3yMpeTCH, KaiCB Bcer^a ÓBiBaeTL., oahh óbihh o^Horo MHpmH., .apyrie— A p y ro ro . KpfcMOB^ BCe BpeMH MOHHaJirb H yCep^HO Tpya.HJICH Ha^^ yHHHTO" ncemeMT, no.aaBaeMBiXL KymaHm. FpacfDHHH CTporaHOBa, Karta.
óbi >Ke^an BOBnenB ero bt> pa3roBop"L, BBipa3Hna eMy yAHBJie- n ie O TOMT>, HTO TaKOH BaHCHŁIH npe^MeTX, KaKIb nOCTpOHKa Ile T e p ó y p ra , noABepraeTCii a,aBHHro BpeMeHH ctojib pa3HO- OÓpa3HBIMl3 TOJIKaMli.
— Hunero T yT t hFt^b y^iiBHTe^ŁHaro, B03pa3HJiT3
coBep-IIie H H O CnOKOHHO KpBL/IOBTP---H HTOÓBI AOKa3aTfc BaMTb, H TO H
roBOpio HCTHHy, riporny Baer, rpacjpHHH, CKa3aTB, Kanoro HB^Ta BaMi> KajKeTCH bott> OTa rpaHB?— ripn btomt^ oht> yKa3ajrL Ha o^ny h3t> rpaHeft jiioctpbi.
— OpaH>KeBaro, OTBpHaJia rpacfDHHB.
— A BaMT>? CnpOCHHI. KpŁIHOBTj TOCTH, CH^pBIHarO CL Jrfc- BOH CTOpOHbl rpacflHHH.
— 3ejieHOBaTaro, OTBpnajiL noc^^^Hin.
— A BaMi,? npOAO^r>KaH-L Kpbl/i o b l, oBpam ancB k l toctio, CHA^BmeMy no npaByio CTOpOHy o r t rpacjpHHH.
— (piojieTOBaro.
--- A MHp, 3aKHIOHH.7IL KpBWIOBL,---CKHHTO.
Tocth Btipa3HHH cn e p sa yAHBJieme, a noTOML pa3 CMpa-JIHCB.
— - Bce 3aBHCHi"B o t l T oro, 3aMpTH;iL Kp ł h io b l, npriHii- Mancfc 3a ncapKoe,— hto b cF mbi, xoth h cm o tph m l Ha o a h h l h t o t l nce npeAM eTt, aa ryina.HMt-To c l pa3HBixL c t o p o h l.
# * *
Ha oahoml jiHTepaTypHOMLj BenepP A . C. nyiiiKHHL hh- TajiL CBoero «EopHca Foa.yHOBa». BcP óbijih bt> BOCXHmeHiH, OAHHL KpLMOBTj OCTaBaJICH paBHO/iyHIHLIMLj.
XXX
--- BLpHO BaML, HbcLHI, AH£peeBHlrL, He HpaBHTCA moh
«EopHCL»? cnpocHJTB ero A . C. nymKHHt.
--- H/ŁrŁ, HHHerO, HpaBHTCA, OTB-tnaJITj KpLIAOBt:--- TOAbKO nocAymaftTe, h BaMt pa3CKa>Ky aHeKAOTt. OAHHt nponoB-feA-
hhktj roBopHAt, hto BCHKoe co3Aame Eonde ecTL Bepxt co- BepmeHCTBa. TopóyHB, e t ropóaMH cnepeAH h c3aAn, noAO- rneAt K t KaeeApL iiponOB^HHKa h noKa3aA t eMy cboh ropóbi h cnpocHjit: «Hey>KejiH h h B ep xt coBepmeHCTBa?» Ilpono- bLahhk-l, yjLHBHBHJHCb ero 6e3o6pa3iio, OTB^najit: «Aa, MejKAy ropóyHaMH r o p ó a r fe Teda hLttctli coBepmeHHiftmiH ropdym o). TaKt h Bama ApaMa, AAeKcaHApt CeprLeBHHt, HannpeKpacHa B t CBOeMt pOA^.
* * *
H. EL rH LAH H t, COCAyjKHBeilt, BCeAHeBHLIH COÓecLAHHKL H AOÓptlH TOBapHUit KpLIAOBa, OCTaBHBL CAy>KÓy, nOAyHHAt no ocoóoM y Ha3HaHemio ro cyA ap n 6,000 p. acc. neHcin. B A p y r t K p tiA O B t n ep e cT aA t xo ah tl kt> HeMy h, BCTpLnaHCŁ bt, o ó m e- CTbL , He TOBOpHAt C t HHllŁ. THLAHAt, Aa H Bcdfe BHALBHlie 3Ty BHe3anHyio nepeM^Hy bt> Kplia o bL , He n o c ra ra A H , hto 6 li
3TO 3HaHHA0. T a K t npOUIAO OKOAO AByXt HeA^Ab. HaKOHent, o6p a3yMHBHIHCŁ, KpblAOBt npHXOAHTt K t THLAHHy CL nOBHH- HOH rOAOBOH.
— HriKOAaH HBaHOBHHt! HpOCTH MeHA!
— B t t e n t , H BaH t A H A peeB H tt? f i BH>Ky to a l k o x o a o a -HOCTL H He nOCTHraiO TOMy npIIHHHLI.
— T a n t n o K a A -M >Ke 060 mhL , noHTeHHbm A p y r t ! f i no- saBHAOBaAt TBoeft neHcm h n o3aBHAOBaAt TBoeny cBacTiio, KOToparo tli coBepmeHHO AOCTOHHt. Bl moio A y m y BopBaAOCb TaKoe nyBCTBO, KOToptiMt h raym aiocB .
EhLa h a-l KHHyACA K t HeMy Ha m eio, h b l Ty >Ke MHHyTy Bce npoiHAoe óliao 3aóbiTo!
* >jC*
O 6 t OTHOHiemAXt KpLIAOBa K t rp. XBOCTOBy BaHTLIIHt- KaMeHCKift, co CAOBt f i . H. LbbiKOBa, p a3CKa3HBaeTt caL - Ayiom ee:
«OAHajKALi npH ineA t K t KpLiAOBy npinTeAL ero Ok. h y ro - BOpHAt KpLIAOBa OTnpaBHTLCH BmLc tL K t rp . XBOCTOBy. n o
-XXXI
cfem em e sto Hpe3BLmftH0 oópanoB aao HeyTOMM.uaro cth x o- TBopiia.
—- CanHTecb, rocno^a, CKasann rp . Kb o c t o bt.:—h npo^Ty BaMt HOBoe C B o e npon3BeAeme.
— ne CH^eM-Ł, oTB^Hajin Ok.:—nona He ccy^nuib TLI MeHH 20 0 pyÓHHMH.
Kboctobh OTroBapHBancH.
— r i p o m a i ł , cKasa^tH Ok. ct> ^ o c a ^ o io h n p n r jia c H jn . K p fci-
jiOBa nocji^^OBaTL ero npHArfepy.
— OcTaHŁTecb, BŁicjiyuiaHTe! cKasajiT. x o3bhhh em e c l óojilhihmtj Hey/coBOJiLCTBieMH:— npaBO, ne ó y ^ e ie pacKanBaTLCH. — Jla.fi 200 p yójieft, npoiioHjKajiH b l cbojo onepe^b Ok.:— OCTaHeMCH.
— J\awb, ho Bbic^ymanTe nanepe^H.
— 6paTT>, He npoBe^emb: ^ah 200 pyón en , a T a n t HHTaft, CKOJibKO Teó^ óy^eTH yro^HO.
/teHbrn orcHHTaHbi, tocth yc^HHCb y OKHa 6jih3l nBepn, X03HHHrL HanaJIH HTeHie CT> HCapOMH, CBOHCTBeHHLIArb nOSTy. jlo jir o npo^ojijKaHOCb oho. BbiBe^eHHbra hsh Tepirtm a Ok. CKasajiH Ha yxo KpmiOBy: «yft.zieM'L, npaBO, h^t-l chjit>!» — KpbUIOBH COB^TOBaJIH AOJKAaTbCH KOHHa. Ok. y^aJHUICfl nOTH- xoHbKy, noTOMt K ^łmobt,; ho noca^AHm, BLinie/mni, ocTaHO- bhjich 3a ^Bepbio, OKH^aa pa3BB3KH.
— H e npaBAa jih, £py3LH, npoH3Hecb, naKOHeirb, cth xo- TBopenH, npepBa.BT) CBoe HTenie:— hto s t o cthkh remajibHbiH!
h, He cjm m a OTB^Ta, oraaH yjica, BCKpuKHyBH c l cepAUeArb: « Axt>, npoKHHTbie, ohh y m n irb
T o r^ a KpLMOB^b ópocHHCH ó^h u t l, ne orna^biBaHCb Hasaa,^.
rp acfin Kboctobh, pa3cepAHBLHHCL Ha KpbuioBa 3a KaKoe- to caTHpHHecKoe saM-Łname o6 t> ero cTHxoTBopeHiHXH, Hann- ca^iH Ha Hero c/H ^yiom yio snurpaMMy:
«He6 pHTLiS h ne^ecaHbiH, B 3BajtHBIIIHCb Ha JHBaHB, K a K t óy^TO HeoTecaHBiH
KaKOH-HHÓyAb nypóaHt,
JIOKHTŁ, COBC-ŁmB. pa3ÓpOCaHHbIH,
3oHJI1jKpbMOBd. HBaHt.
XXXII
KpŁMOB-Ł, pa3yM-ieTCH, TOTnacn >Ke yra,na;in, kto cthxo- KponaTejiŁ. «Bn KaKyio xoHeim> HapnAncn KO>Ky, moh mhjiłih, a yrnKa He cnpHHemb», CKa3ann ohh h otmcthjih eMy Tann, KTKH 6łUIH BH COCTOHHiH MCTHTL TOJILKO yMHŁIH H .ZIOÓpO.HyiH-hłih KpHHOBH. IIoht> npe.zuioroMn jKenam u npocnym aTb Kanie- TO HOBŁie CTHXH rpacfia XBOCTOBa, KpŁLZIOBn HanpOCHHCH kh HeMy Ha oó^a h, "kun 3a Tponxn, h n o cn k o ó k n a , Kor^a aM- cfiHTpioHt, npHrnacHBn r o c r a bh KaÓHiieTn, Kanaan HHTaTb cthxh cboh, ohh ó e sn HepeMomn noBajiHHca Ha aHBaHn, sa-CHyan h npocnaan £0 no3.zi.HHro Benepa.
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9-ro anpkziH 1812 rozia HMnepaTopn AjieKcaH^pT. I OTn-fe- >Kaan kh zHsHCTByiomeH apaiin. Ha MoneócTBie bh K a 3aHCKOMH c o 6o p k cnkKaziHCŁ Bek 3 H a B u iie oón orn^bszik rocyziapa. n a o - ma^Ł nepezin coóopoMH HanozmnaacŁ HapoziOMn. KpŁinoBH, npo6HpaHCB bh Tozmk, CTOZiKHyncH ch rp. Xboctobłimh.
— H y, hto, rpacfm, cnpocHnn ohh,— ne HannuieTe zih bu ozih? Błi, KOneiHO, npHHum ciozia 3a BAOxHOBemeMH?
Tpacj^y He noHpaBHZiocŁ sto HacM^mziHBoe npHB^TCTBie. — n oneM y >Ke HMeHHO h zionn-cenn nncaTŁ? cnpocHJin oh h:— błi TaKJKe nurneTe cth xh, h, k t k h r o B o p a m , oneHb xo p o m ie.
•— Moh cthxh, OTBknazin Kpłiziobh,— hhhtoikhłih óacHH, a błi napiiTe błicoko, błi ziH pH K H .
Tozma pasziynnaa hxh.
AoJDKHO 3HaTŁ, HTO rOCyziapb, Ha3HaHHBH A . C . IIlHUIKOBa rocynapcTBeHHŁiMH cenpeTapeMn Ha MkcTO CnepaHCKaro, noiKa- ziOBann eMy Ha Topory npnziBopHyio KapeTy. Bh toth >Ke zieHŁ ZUhh ółijih npomanBHŁiH oókzin rp. Xboctobłimh. Bh kohlH oói;zia, Korzia HanazmcL toctli, noziazin xo3HHny nanem Ha ero hmh, Ohh pacnenaTŁiBaeTH ero h HHTaeTH Bcayxn cakziyiomee:
CTHXH A. 0. IIIfflllKOBy.
(Ha cjiyiaa BceiWiocTHBMme iioacaJioBaHHOH euy kojhckh). IHhiiikobb! ocTasa HHecŁ óecfeabi cB-iTJiBm homb, Tbi 'fea.emb bb naabmił nyTt bb Kaperis nonB opaoMB: HamB aoópbifł i^apt, Teódb spy^aa BajKHO zrkao, CTapaeTca TBoe óepenb, iiokohtł rfejio; JIhuił sto Haa.o6HO, o rfejrfe Toatiio p^hl: HeKoaeÓHMbifi ayxB yMienib chmb óepe^b.
