Widok Функциональная стилистика в ее отношении к эстетическому идеализму:в возможны ли элементы синтеза?

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2007: 32, 33). JI.

IIInnTijcp, pa3BHBaa sth npeACTaBJieHHB, CHmraji Hy>KHbiM „nepeHCCTHCb b .nymcBHbin MHp bcjimkofo xyno>KHHKa cjioBa, noora, htoGbi

yacHHTb cc6c... npouecc «3biKOBoro TBopnecTBa” (IIInHTuep

2007: 193).

Me>KAy tcm E. TaBpaHCK, Hccjicflya npoÓJicMbi cthjihcthkh b koktckctc Teopnu jiHTcpaTypHoro M3biKa, cTaBHji sagany „coaaaBaTb h cTaGHjinanpoBaTb nopMbi 3Toro M3biKa...”

(TaBpancK 1967: 338).

FIo B.B. BHHorpa/joBy, „aHa;iH3 CTHJIHCTHHCCKHX «BJICHHH OHHpaCTCM Ha HOHETHC HOpMbl B3bIKa H CC BO3MO>KHbIX

(2)

Stylistyka XVIII

Bapnaiinn...” (BHHorpaqoB 1955: 66). EO. BHHOKyp onpeqcjiaji ynoTpeóJieHHe H3MKa KaK „COBOKynHOCTb yCTaHOBHBIIIHXC5I B flaHHOM OÓmeCTBC a3bIKOBbIX npHBbiHCK u HopM...” (BHHOKyp 1959: 221).

KoHCHHO, OCHOBaTeJlH (jjyHKIJHOHaJIbHO-CTHJIHCTHHeCKOH TCOpHH HepeflKO yKa3biBajiH Ha TBopnecKHH xapaKTep Hcnojib3OBaHHa a3biKa ero hochtcjhimh h oópanjajiHCb k npoojiCMaiHKc HHjHBHayajibnoio cthjim nHcarejia; paóoraM ace

npe/jcTaBHTejieH scTeTHnecKon hikojibi othkw> He nyayjo hohmthc HopMbi. TeM hc MCHee qeHCTBHTejibHbiH npe/jMCT H3yHCHHa K. <I>occjiepa h ero nocjie/jOBa- Tenen - TBopHecKnii acncKT BbiCKa3biBaHHa, Torqa KaK caMo hohsth6 (j)yHKijHOHajibHoro CTHjia cooTHeceHO c KaTeropncH asbiKOBOH (pchcboh) HopMbi.

TaKHM OÓpa3OM, B CTHBHCTHKe Tpa^HIJHOHHblH H TBOpHCCKHH aCHCKTbl KyjibTypbi OKasajiHCb pa3qejieHHbiMH Mca<qy qsyMa KjiaccHHecKHMH KOHpenpHaMH'. IlpoaBJieHHio TCHfleHpHH k hx CHHTC3y, onpeAenaeMOH cbmoh

cyniHOCTbio KyjibTypbi, npenaTCTBOBana He tojibko BHyrpeHHaa jiorHKa pa3BHTHa i<aa<jioH KOHpenijHH, ho h nojiHTHKO-HflcojlorHHecKaa oijeHKa mctoaobo- rHHCCKHX pacxoa<AeHHH.

2. 06 H3MeHeHiiHX b npeaMere (JiyiiKUHOHajibHon ctmjihcthkm. B to BpeMa KaK KJUOHCBblC HOJIOKCHHa TCOpHH SCTeTHneCKOTO HfleaJIH3Ma ÓblJIH c(|)opMyjiHpoBaHbi b kopotkhh cpoK (ohh npejjcTaBJieHbi yace b paóoTe K. OoCCJiepa „IIO3HTHBH3M H H/jeaJIH3M B a3bIKO3HaHHH”, H3flaHH0H B 1904 r.), ocHOBonojiaraiomHe (JjyHKijHOHajibHO-CTHJiHCTHHecKHC h/jch 1920-30-xrr. Sbijih pa3BHTH b pejiocTHyio KOHiienriHio JiHnib b 1960-70-e rr. hobbim hokojichhcm yHCHbIX (E.H. rOJIOBHHBIM, M.H. Ko>KHHOH, B.r. KoCTOMapOBbIM, O.E. Chpothhhhoh, K. FayseHÓJiacoM, A. E/jjihhkoh, M. Ejihhkom, H. Mhctphkom h ap.). C 1980-x roflOB Hanajica hobmh 3Tan b pa3BHTHH c|>yHKUHOHajibHOH

CTHJIHCTHKH, HOJiyHHBLHHH HaHMCHOBaHHe CTHJIHCTHKH TCKCTa.

B pa3Hoe BpeMa npe^MCT otoh HayKH onpe.qejia.rica jiHHTBHCTaMH no-pa3HOMy. TaK, b nepnoq cc CTaHOBJieHHa TepMHH „(|)yHKu,HOHajibHbiH CTHJib”, He GyaynH oqHO3HaHHbiM, Mamę Bcero yiioi pe6jiajica qna oGo jnancima HCKOToporo ynaci Ka a3bIKOBOH CTpyKTypbl - COBOKynHOCTH OflHOTHHHO OKpaHICHHblH a3bIKOBbIX Cp- C^CTB. B 3TOM 3HaH6HHH HCHOJlb3OBaJI qaHHbIH TCpMHH H B.B. BHHOTpaAOB B CB- OCH HTOrOBOH CTHJIHCTHHeCKOH KOHIjenUHH: „CTHJIHCTHKa a3bIKa... OHHCblBaeT,

1 Mm hc 3arparnBaeM 3aeci> pa6o™ III. Banim, bo mhotom <>itpe,'iejiHBiiiHC reHe3Hc Teope-

THHCCKOH CTHJIHCTHKH. Hx OTHOIHCHHe K paCCMaTpHBaCMBIM HCCJlCJlOBaiCJIbCKHM Hanpa- bjichhsm cocTaBJiseT oco6yK> TeMy.

(3)

(pyHKi{uoHajibHaH

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KBajin(j)MLinpyeT u o6t>mchmct B3anMOOTHOineHna, cbmbh h B3anM0,neiicTBna pa- 3HbIX COOTHOCHTCJIbHbIX H3CTHbIX CMCTCM (J)OpM, CJIOB, pBflOB CJIOB H KOHCTpyKunii BHyrpH cahhoh CTpyicrypbi M3biKa KaK «chctcmbi chctcm». Ona

M3yliaeT HCTOpHlICCKH H3MCHM1O1HHCCII TCH/ICHHHH HJIH BHAbl COOTHOmeHHH CTHJien M3bIKa... 3tH CTHJIH OÓblHHO H33bIBaiOTC5I (jjyHKUHOHaJIbHblMH...” (BHHorpaaoB 1963: 5). d>yHKii.HOHajibHbie, hjih «3biKOBbie, cthjih CTaHOBMTca, comacHO B.B. Bnnoipa/iOBy, óasofi ajis flHij)(f)cpeHu,HauHH MHOTOHHCJieHHbix h MHoroo6pa3Hbix cthjich pcnn — KOMno3nunoHHbix chctcm b Kpyry ocHOBHbix TKaHpOB HJIH KOHCTpyKTHBHbIX pa3HOBHflHOCTCH yCTHOH H HHCbMCHHOH peHH (BnHorpaflOB 1963). OTdo.ua ycTOHHHBaa TpajiHHHii noHHMaHHM c|)yHKn,HOHajib- HOH CTHJIHCTHKH KaK J1HHFBHCTHHCCKOH HayKH, H3yHałOHjeH IipC/KJIC BCCTO OTHOCHTCJIbHO yCTOHHHBblC HaCTHbIC CHCTCMbl M3bIKOBbIX CpCJJCTB, pCryjlMpiIO Hcnojib3yeMbix b onpcAejiCHHbix c(jiepax oómeHHii.

no3flHee, co BTopoii nojiOBHHbi 1960-x rr., nocTenenHO yTBep>KAaeTca iiojiiotobjichhoc paóojaMH npcflinecTByiomero nepHO/ia (BHHorpaaoB 1955; IIpaiKCKHH 1967) pCHCBCAHCCKOC HOHHMaHHC (JiyHKUHOHajIbHOrO CTHJIM KaK COIIHajlbHO OCO3H3HHOH pa3HOBHflHOCTH peHH, COOTBCTCTByiOmeH TOH HJIH HHOH Cljiepe AdłTCJlbHOCTH H (JjOpMC CO3HaHHM (Ko>KHHa 1968). CKJiaAblBaeTdl MCTOfl HCCJieflOBaHHM, 3aKJHOHaiOmHHCM B BblMBJICHHH 3aKOHOMCpHbIX OCOÓCHHOCTCH OpraHH3aiJHH pCHH KaK flCTepMHHHpyCMbIX CBOCo6pa3HCM BOnJIOmaCMOH B HCH (|)OpMbI OÓmeCTBCHHOrO CO3HaHH5I. OCHOBHbIM npe/JMCTOM (JjyHKIJHOHaJIbHOH CTHJIHCTHKH CTaHOBMTCM 33KOHOMepHOCTH ynOTpCÓjieHHM pa3HOypOBHCBbIX M3bIK0BbIX CflHHHIl B p33JIHHHbIX C(|)CpaX OÓlUCHHM H CO3,T3B3eM35I CTHJ1HCTHKO- PCHCB3M CHCTCMHOCTb.

H3 COBpCMCHHOM >KC 3T3HC p33BHTHM (J)yHKUHOH3JIbHOH CTHJIHCTHKH, KOTfl3 BHHM3HHC HCCJ1C4OB3TCJ1CH COCpCflOTOHCHO H3 CTpyKTypHO-KOMHO3HIJHOHHbIX npHHIlHH3X npOflyUHpOB3HHM TCKCT3, KOTHHTHBHbIX H np3TMaTHlieCKHX OCO6CHHOCT5IX ero Opr3HH33lJHH B p33HbIX KOMMyHHK3THBHbIX C(})Cp3X, npe^MCT 3toh HayKH, AyMacTca, mojkct 6biTb onpeflejieH tbk: (fjyHKUHOHajibHaa CTHJiHCTHKa HsynacT CBoeo6pa3He ciiocoóob ocymecTBJieHHM tckctoboh fldlTeJlbHOCTH H THHOB pCHCBbIX npOH3BCflCHHH B CBM3H CO CHCIJHCjlHKOn TCX BH/JOB COIJHOKyjIbTypHOH flCMTCJIbHOCTH, B COCT3B KOTOpbIX TCKCT0B3M AeMTCJIbHOCTb BKJHOHaeTCM.

OtMCTHM, HTO 3Ta 3C(|)HHHHHfl OCHOBblBaCTdl Ha JiajIbHeHmeH SKCHJIHKaUHH noHMTHM “ccjiepa /jeaTCJibHocTH h o6in,eHHM”. C Hauieii tohkh 3peHHM, npn ero pa3BepTblB3HHH BaiKHO HCpeHTH OT padipOCTpaHCHHOrO B JIHHTBHCTHKe He/jH(|)(J)cpcHUHpoBaHHoro npe/iCTaBJieHHM o aeirrejibHOCTH (b othoihchhh

(4)

Stylistyka XVIII

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(5)

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3. M.M. EaxTHH npoTHB K. <I>occjiepa u JI. UJiiirniepa. Bsma/jbi npeflCTaBH- tcjich HAeajiHCTMHecKoS ihkojibi M.M. EaxTHH iiasbiBacT „Tcopncii Bbipa/Kcnna”. KaK H3BCCTHO, B TpaKTOBKC Bbipa^KCHHa K. OoCCJICp CJICflOBajI KOHUeniJHM E. Kponc. Couiacno HTajibaHCKOMy (|)HJioco([>y, ncpBHHHaa (|)opMa 3kthbhocth ziyxa ecTb mnynnna - cjinanne BnenaTJieHHH b HeKOTopoe opraunnecKoc nejioe. IlepepaóoTKa BncHaTJicHHH, nx AyxoBHbiH chhtc3 oananatoT najiPinne (J)opMbi: „HHTymjHM... OTJIHBaeTCB OT TOTO, HTO HyBCTByCTCa H HCHblTblBaCTCa, OT ByBCTBeHHoii bojihbi hjih npujiHBa, ot ncnxHHecKOH MaTepnn KaK (|)opMa; 3Ta (j)opMa, sto BCTynjieHHe b oóJiaaaHHe ecTb BbipaaceHue” (Kponc 1920: 14). IIOOTOMy HHTyHpOBaTb — 3H3HHT BbipaTKBTb. HHTyHTHBHOC, HJIH Bbipa3HTCJIbHOe, no3HaHMe cocTaBjiaeT npe^MCT sctcthkh. JlHHrBHCTHKa, no E.Kpone,

TOJKflecTBCHHa 3CTeTHKe, TaK kbk H3biKOBOC TBopHCCTBo npc^nonaraeT HcnpccTaHHoe cjiobcchoc BbipaTKenne bcc hobbix u HOBbix cj«rre3npyeMbix BnenaTJieHHH.

CornacHO K. Ooccjiepy, BbipaaceHHe KaK scTeTimecKMii (j)aKi naxo,a,nTca b bcjjchuh cthbhcthkh, aBJiaioineHca Bbicnieii jiHHrBMCTMHecKOH HayKoii. Jlpyrnc J1HHTBHCTHHCCKHC JJUCEJUnJlHHbl, H3ynaM „OÓmiin 33bIK”, HMeiOT fleJIO c peayjibTaTOM i paMMaTH3annn HH4HBH,aya.nbHbix pencBbix aKTOB. Cthjib h cctb „WH/jHBH/jyajibHoe _zjyxoBHoe BbipałKenne” (Ooccnep 2007: 32). Jlioóon 5i3biKOBOH (|>aKT - jiniiib MaTcpnan fljia oÓHapy^Kenna hcxoahoh ^yxoBHon aKTUBHOCTH. FIpeAJIOTKeHHblH JI. HlnHTH,epOM MCTOfl CTHJIHCTHHCCKOrO aHajiH3a B kohchhom chctc npejjycMaTpHBaeT „onncaHHe xiymH” nosTa no ee 33biKOBbiM npoaBJicHHaM, oÓHapyaceHne „peHTpa cthjihcthhcckoh HHflHBHjjyajibHoc™” (IIInHTLjep 2007: 212).

OcHOBHOH IiyHKT KpHTHKH 3TOH TJOKTpHHbl M.M. SaXTHHbIM - HOHHMaHHe BbicKa3biBaHHa KaK hhctoto HHflHBnayanbHoro aKTa, KaK Bbipaacenna HHflHBHflyajibHoro co3HaHHa. flaHHoe npejjCTaBaeHHe, CHHTaji SaxTHH, CTano CJieflCTBHeM MOHOJIOrnHCCKOTO HOflXOfla K BbICKa3bIBaHHK), HC4OOHCHKH KOMMyHHKaTHBHoii (JjyHKUHH a3biKa. Meatfly tcm MbiniJieHHe h cjiobo flnajIOTHHHbl. OhH HC CymeCTByiOT BHe COPHaJlbHOH OpHeHTHpOBaHHOCTH. CornacHO SaxTHHy, „Ta CTHJincTMHecKaa HHAHBH/jyapHa BbicKa3biBanna, o KOTOpoii TOBOpaT (J)OCCJiepHaHHbI, aBJiaCTCa OTpa>KCHHCM COU,HajIbHbIX B3a- HMOOTHOHICHHH, B aTMOC(|)CpC KOTOpbIX CTpOHTCa JjaHHOC BbICKa3bIBaHHC. SjiHTKaHmaa couHajibnaa cHTyapna h 6onee innpoKaa coHHajibnaa cpe^a Bceueno onpeflcnaioT — npHTOM, TaK CKaaaTb, H3HyTpH — CTpyKTypy BbiCKa3biBaHHa” (EaxTHH 1993: 94). B flajibHciimeM, KaK hsbcctho, sth mbicjih nojiyHHjiH pa3BHTHC B nOCTCTpyKTypajIHCTCKOH KOHLienHHH HHTepTCKCTa (KpHCTCBa 2000).

(6)

Stylistyka XVIII

Ecjih JI. IUnnTuep pastacnaeT cBoe MCTOflOJiormecKoe Kpe.no ccmjikoh Ha

pcKOMCHnaumo cbjitoio ABrycTHHa: „hcxoot Hapyacy, b uiyónuc yiyniH >khbct HCTHHa”, to, noM.M. EaxTHHy, „opneHTaHHS b cboch nyme (caMOHaSjiioneHHe) peajibHO HeoT/jejiHMa ot opneHTannn b naHHoii counajibHoii CHTyapnH

nepe>KHBaHHa”, OTBjieneHHe >kc ot coijnajTbHoro KOHTeKCTa „npuBO/jMT k nojmoMy norameHHio nepeacMBanna”(EaxTHH 1993: 44).

OnpoBcpraeT M.M. SaxTMH h KjnoueByio ocHOBaTCJieii HneanHCTHnecKOH niKOJibi Mbicjib 06 BCTeTHHecKoii npnpoHC aabiKOBoro TBopuecTBa. CorjiacHo K. Ooccjiepy, HCTopHKO-jiHHTBHCTHHecKoe HccjienoBaiiHC opneHTHpoBaHO „He Ha cneijHajibHbie hctophh hojihthkh, HayKH h T.fl.”, a Ha HCTopmo hmchho

xyao>KecTBeHHOH jiHTepaTypbi, nocKOJibKy peub HBjiaeTCs acTeTnnccKHM

npoijeccoM (Ooccjiep 2007: 62). M.M. EaxTHH >kc noflHepKHBaeT, hto „TBopnecTBO M3biKa ne coBna/iaeT c xyzjo>KecTBeHHbiM TBopnecTBOM hjih c

KaKHM-JIHÓO HHbIM COHHajIbHO-HJJCOJIOTHHeCKHM TBOpHCCTBOM.Ho BTO 7KC BpCMH

TBOpneCTBO 33bIKa HC MO/KCT SbITb HOHHTO B OTpblBe OT HanOJIH5HOIHHX ero HfleojiorHHecKHX CMbiejiOB h HeHHOCTeH” (SaxTHH 1993: 108-109).

npoOjieMbi, cocTaBHBniHe npeziMer cnopaM.M. EaxTHHa c <J)occjiepHaHiiaMH,

oócyac^ajiHCb hnpyrHMH yucHbiMH, paapaSaTbiBaBniHMH reopMio oGmeumi Kai< MeaCJIHHHOCTHOrO H COHHaJIbHOTO B3aHMO/jeHCTBH51.

4. CoBMecTHMa jim Hjien flHajiorHHHOCTH c npejiciaB/ieiiHeM o BbipaaceHMH

MH/jMBH/iyajibHoro cojiiaiiwa? B „(})HJioco(j)HH /jnanora” (M. Eyóep, E Mapcejib, X. OpTera-H-FacceT, H.A. EepnaeB,C.JI.OpaHK h /jp.) co6ecefl,HHK- OTKpbiTaa CBOÓOflHaa jihhhoctb, eii CBOHCTBCHHbi unaKocmb, hh/ihbh- ayajibHOCTb. 3to jihho npyroro nejiOBCKa, „b Ka>KB,OM OT^ejibHOM cjiynae

e/JHHCTBCHHOe... HHKOrfla He HOBTOpHMOe, HHKCM He 3aMCHHM0e” (Yxtomckhh 2002: 359)2. KaTeropna „HHflHBHjjyanbHoro” TpaKTyeTca b pa3Hbix

flHajIOFHHCCKHX JJOKTpHHaX HO-pa3HOMy. Mbl KpaTKOOTCTaHOBHMCJIHa KOHHCn-

Hhh X. OpTeTH-H-FacceTab eeCTHjiHCTHHecKOMnpenoMJieHHH.

2 Bjhbkhh B3TJMAHaHejioBeKapa3BHBacTcs buchom psmepaóoT M.M. BaxTMHa(1994, 19796,b; h 4P-).

ComacHO 3TOMy (J)HJioco(|)y, HenoBeHecKoc cymecTBOBaHHe aBJiacTca CnOHTaHHOH aKTHBHOCTbK). CyObCKT CBMTBOpHT Cc6fl H CflHHCTBO MHpa. >KH3Hb

BHe ceós, noa BJiacTbio ^pyroro h bhchihhx oócTOSTejibCTB ecTb

eaMOomy/K/iciiMC, KOTopoMy npoTHBOCTOMT caMoyEJiyGjieHMC. B otjihhhc ot M.M. SaxTHHa (a t3k>kc M. EyGepa), X. OpTera-M-FacccT bhziht b

(7)

caMoyrny-(pyHKnuoiiajibiiaH cmwiucmuKa

BJIAflHMMP A. CAJIHMOBCKHH

6jichhh He noranieHHC nepe>KHBaHna, hc ynpa3,uHeHne cyótcKTa, a cnocoó, BO3BpaTHBIHHCb K CCÓe, CO3flaTb npOCKT CBOCTO eymeCTBOBaHHfl H 33T6M B COOTBCTCTBHH C 3THM HpOCKTOM peaJlH3OBaTb CCOH CaMOTO.

IloHHMaHHe )kh3hh KaK H3HaHajibHOH aKTHBHOCTH conpa>KeHO y X. OpTerH-H-facceTa c npejjcTaBJicHneM o hotpcShocth cy6i>eKTa Bbipa3HTb

COÓCTBeHHbIM COKpOBCHHblH MHp, H3JIHTb CBOIO Ayiliy ApyrOMy, HCHOBeflaTbCa. HaJIHUO 3KCHJIHKaUHM H/JCH JJHajIOFHHHOCTH B pyCJIC TeOpHH BbipaaCCHHS, a He couHOJiorHHecKoro Mero/ia (paapaóaTbiBaBincroca M.M. EaxTHHbiM b kohuc 1920-x rr.). IloKa3aTCJibHO, hto X. OpTcra-H-facceT, bo mhofom anajiorHHHO K. Ooccjiepy, TpaicryeT o6pa3OBaHHe «3biKOBbix (JiopM H3 cTHjiHCTHHecKoro Bbipa>KeHHM:

TKCjiatOlilHM Bbipa3MTb HTO-TO r.lyOOKO JIHHHOe H, CJieflOBaTCJIbHO, aOCOJIKJTHO HOBOC, KaK

npaBHno, hc naxo;ini b jiki.ickoh pchh, b aibiKc, Toro cjiobcchopo oSbinas, KOTopbiii 6bi

ajJCKBaTHO COOTBCTCTBOBajI CTO BbICKa3bIBaHHK>. Toi,'ia HH/IHBH/ITBOpHT H0B06 Bbipa>KeHHC. U ccjih nocjie/iHCMyhobcsct heronoBTopsT mhofhc, oho, no bcch bcposithocth, cjiotkhtchb

HOBbifiH3biKOBOH oóbmaH (OpTcra-H-PacceT 1997:680).

IbBopeHHe h HBJiacTca cjieaoBaHHeM oownaio, KOTopbin, o^HaKO, hoctomhho ceóa co3flaeT h paapyinaeT b aKTax pcncBoro TBopnecTBa.

IlOHMTHe CTHJIfl HHCaTejIH B HHTCpnpeTaHHH HCnaHCKOTO (j)HIIOCO(|)a TO7KC OKa3biBaeTca BecbMa 6jih3khm npeflCTaBJieHHSM HfleajiHCTHnecKOH hikojin h TpaKTyeTca KaK ocynjecTBneHHe nocTOHHHbix h nacTbix tbophcckhx btoptkchhh b JieKCHKy h rpaMMaTHKy (OpTcra-n-FacceT 1997: 670).

CTHJIMCTHKa, KaK H y <t>OCCJiepa, OÓTjBBJiaeTCM BblCHieH JIHHrBHCTHHCCKOH HayKoii: ona „BonpcKH KO/janeMy mhchhio cthioab He cny>KHT hckhm npH^aTKOM rpaMMarHKH, a, HaoóopoT, npeflCTaBJiacT HOByio, Hapo^Kuaioinyiocs jihhfbh- CTHKy... 51 flax<e pncKHyji 6bi npe/inoJio>KHTb, hto rjiaBHoe npe/iHa3Ha- nenne CTHJIHCTHKH, BO3HHKHieH HBflaBHO K3K 3aTCHJIHBaa AOÓaBKa K JieKCHKe H rpaMMaTHKC, - BoSpaTb b ce6a yKasaHHbie abc ancijHnjiHHbi, a sao^HO Booóme nocarHyTb na bcio FiHHrBHCTHHecKyK) npoSjiCMaTHKy” (OpTcra-H-FacceT 1997: 671).

KaK bhjihm, b pa6oTax X. OpTern-n-FacceTa AHajiorHnecKaa KOHuenijHa

OpraHHHHO COBMCIH,aeTC5I C KJHOHeBbIMH JIHHFBHCTHHeCKHMH npe^CTaBJieHHMMH c|)occjiepHaHueB.

B ojihoh H3 nanSojiee BJiHaTeabHbix coBpeMeHHbix 4>hjiococ|)ckhx jjoktphh - TeopHH KOMMyHHKaTHBHoro fleiicTBHfl K). Xa6epMaca - HcnoBCAb cySteKTa paccMaTpHBaeTca KaK aKTyajiH3auna ero CTpeMJieHHa óbith npH3HaHHbiM

(8)

Stylistyka XVIII

flpyrUMH B KaHCCTBC HHflMBHflyaJlbHOCTH, KaK BOnjIOmCHHe JKCJiaHHa nOflTBepflHTb Bblóop CBOeii HCTOpHU 5KH3HH, BblÓOp CaMOTO CCÓa. ripn 3T0M cyóbeKT HHflHbH/iyajiH3npyeTcs Hepe3 npoueccbi counaM3aimn b HCTopunecKOM KOHTeKCTe (Xa6epMac 1989).

Mooo, cjieflOBaTejibHO, yTBepa<4aTb, hto „(|)HJioco(J)Ha flHanora” hc

npc/iycMaTpHBacT czihhoh HHTepnpcranHM coomomeHHa HH,anBH,nyajibHoro

n

copHajibHoro b HejiOBCHecKoii penn. HpoTHBonojioacHbie no3nunn no stoh npoÓJieMc npcflCTaBJieHbi M.M. EaxTHHbiM, 3KcnjinunpoBaBninM npcacTaBjienna, yTBep/iHBniHeca nos^nee b poccnncKon (J>yHKHHOHajibHOH crnjiHCTHKe h innpe - b peneBefleHHH (cm.: JleoHTbeB 1979), h X. OpTcroH-n-FacceTOM, Mba TOHKa 3pcHHa 6jiH3Ka „Tcopnn BbipaaccHHa”.

M.M. EaxTHH, kohchho, He orpnnacr npaBOMepHOCTb HsyneHna „TBopnecKon HH^jHBH^yajibHOCTH” roBopamero. Ho fljia Hero ona aBJiaerca „Bbipa>KeHHeM OCHOBHOH TBCp^OH H HOCTOaHHOH J1HHHM COHHaJIbHOH OpHCHTaHMH /jaHHOTO HejiOBeKa” (SaxTHH 1993:102). Coflcpa<aHHe cro kohhchhhh KaK pa3 h

COCTaBJiaCT pa3BHTHC nOJlOaCCHHH O COHHajIbHOM pCHCBOM B3aHMOfleilCTBHH B pa3JiHHHbix ccj)cpax oómcHHa. B Teopnn >kc BbipaaccHiia bkucht .ncjiacrca Ha

HH^HBHflyajlbHOM AyXOBHOM TBOpHCCTBe, TOrfla KaK COUHOKyjIbTypHblH njiaH BbiCKa3biBaHHa opeHHBacTca HeraTHBHO h ocTaerca btchm (no K. Ooccjicpy, „sto 4C(|)HnHT, HJIH naCCHB, B HaiHCH a3bIKOBOH O/japeHHOCTH” - 2007: 33), npH stom

npeflCTaBjieHHe o counajibHO-a3biKOBbix HopMax pacnpocTpaHaeTca nnuib Ha „o6njHH a3biK” BHe ero CTHJieBbix MO/jHcJjHKapHH. BBH/jy CKasannoro paccMarpHBaeMbie cthjihcthhcckhc KOHuennnH, HecMOTpa Ha pa3JiHHHe hx MeTOflOJIOrHHeCKHX npHHUHHOB, BOCnpHHHMajOTCa KaK BO MHOTOM B3aHMO- AonojiHaiomHe.

5, 3jieMcn rbi „TeopHH BbipaiKeHHfl”

b

Hccjie/iOBaHHflx no (JiynKunonajiiiHOH

CTHJIHCTHKe. B

pOCCHiiCKOH (jjHJIOJIOrHH K 'lOCJiy OCHOBHblX TCOpeTHHeCKHX HCTOHHHKOB pa3pa6OTKH npoÓJlCMbl H4HOCTHJia nHCaTCJia OTHOCHTCa KOHHCnUHa o6pasa aBTopa

B.B.

BHHorpaflOBa. KaK hsbcctho, OHa (|)opMHpoBajiacb c

1920-x

rr. b pycne npeflcraBjieHHH (JjopMajibHofi hikojim, c oahoh cropoHbi, h

4)HBOCO(J)CKO-JiHHrBHCTHHecKHX HflCH

B.

(J)oh FyMÓojibATa,

A.A.

HotcOhh,

K.

Ooccjiepa - c apyron. Or3ByK (J)occncpoBCKHX Haefi HccJicAOBaTeJiH naxoaar b ey>KflCHHax B.B. BnHorpaflOBa o pojin TBopHecTBa KpynHbix HHcarejieH b 33biKOBOM pa3BHTHH (Hy^aKOB 1992: 248-249), CBa3b c sthmh HflcaMH oOnapyacHBaeT

u

cro Mero/jHKa anajiH3a xyno>KecTBCHHoro npoH3BcaeHHa. npHMeHarcjibHO, hto, onpcAejiaa KarcropHio oópasa aBTopa, B.B. BunorpajioB

(9)

fI)ynKu,uonajihHciA

cmtuiucmuKa

BJIAJIHMHP A. CAJIHMOBCKHH

npMBo^Hji cjiejiyiomHe cjiobh JI. TojicToro: „Hto 6bi hm H3o6pax<aji xygoxnHK... mbi mijeM h bhjjhm tojibko jjymy caMoro xyao>KHHKa” (BnHorpaaoB 1971: 181).

[loHJiTnc oGpaia aBTopa, no B.B. BnnorpazioBy, - ojjHa H3 KaTeropnn ocoGoii (JiHjionorHnecKOH jihciihiijihhbi - nayKn o »3biKe xyjio>KCCTBCHiiOH JiHicpaiypbi (BnHorpa^oB 1959). Otmctum, hto HCKOTopBie coBpeMCHHBie HCCJiejjOBarejiH, onnpałomneca Ha /jaHHyro KaTcropnio, othocbt cboh paGoTbi k oÓJiacTH

4>yHKnHOHaJlbHOH CTHJIHCTHKH. IIOKa3aTejlbHa B 3TOM OTHOIHCHHH TOHKa 3pcnna H.C. BOJIOTHOBOH - aBTopa KOHLieniJHH KOMMyHHK3THBHOH CTHJIHCTHKH Xy,UO>KCCTBeHHOrO TCKCTa, CHHTaiOmeH 3Ty KOHHCHLIHłO HanpaBJICHHCM (JiyHKPHOHajIbHOH CTHJIHCTHKH (EojIOTHOBa 2003, 2005). ECTb JIH OCHOBaHHM JUia bkjhohchhm npoSjicMaTHKH HHjjHBHjiyajibHoro cthjib nncaTcaa, orpa>Kaiomcro „xapaKTep MHpoBocnpnaTHa... jiyiiin nosTa” (Eojiothob3 h jip. 2001: 79), b Kpyr (JiyHKUHOHajibHo-CTHjiHCTHHecKHX npoSjieM? Ha Hani inuiaa, ecTb.

Bbinie OTMenajiocb, hto jihhtbhctbi no Mepe pa3BHTHa i|)yHKn,HOHajibHOH CTHJIHCTHKH BHOCHJIH KOppCKTHBBI B HOHHMaHHC CC HpCAMCTa. HaHHHaa C paÓOT K. rayaeHÓJiaca (1967, 1972), (JiyHKUHOHajibHO-CTHJiHCTHHecKHH anajiH3 cocpeaoTaHHBaeTca hc tojibko na ocoGchhoctsk OTÓopa h ynoTpeSjiCHHa pa3HOypOBHCBbIX M3bIKOBbIX CpC^CTB B pa3JIHHHB!X KOMMyHHKaTHBHbIX C(|)epaX, HO H Ha 3aKOHOMepHOCTMX TCMaTHHCCKOH OpraHH3aiI,HH TCKCTa, npneMax HCnOJIb3OBaHHM 5I3bIKOBbIX H TCMaTHHCCKHX e/JHHHH. B JIHHTBHCTHHCCKOH cthjihcthkc nojiyLiaio'i „npaBa rpaac^ancTBa” rai<HC hohbthm, KaK komhoshhhm, cioiKeT (Oahhhob 1980), HHTerpau,Ha, tckctoboc Bpeiwa h npocTpancTBO, npocncKiina, peTpocneKuna, mothb (kohhcht) h jjp.

B (JioKycc BHHMaHna cthjihctob OKa3biBacTca coflepacaTCJibHO-CMbicaoBaa CTOpOHa TCKCTa B ec flCTCpMHHHpOBaHHOCTH COOTBCTCTByiOmHM BHflOM ayxoBHOH couHOKyjibTypHOH AcaTCJibHOCTH. HanGojiee ijejieHanpaBjicHHO 3tot anajiH3 ocymecTBJiaeTca no othoihchhio k Haynno-peneBOMy npoH3BCACHHio (KoacHHa 1992, OncpKH 1996). 3naHHMocTb nojiyHCHHbix pesyjibTaTOB b jjannoM cjiynac bo mhotom onpc/jeaacTca rjiyónHOH npoHHKHOBenna b oKCTpajiHHTBHCTH- necKyio ocHOBy tckctb — oGBCKTHBnpyeMyio b ero cmbicjiobom cojiepacaHHH CTpyKTypy HayHHO-no3HaBaTCJibHoro npouecca. 3tot no/ixofl k peieBOMy npoH3BejieHHio 3KCTpanojiHpyeTca h Ha apyrnc cijicpbi o6in,eHHa, b tom hhcjic xyjjo>KecTBeHHyK). B KanecTBe 3KCTpajiHHrBHCTHHCCKOH ochobbi xyuo>KecTBeH-

hoto TCKCTa paccMaTpnBacTca ncKyccTBO kbk HO3HaBaTCJiBHaa fleaTejiBHOCTB. Ecjih b anajiH3 HayHHoro tckctb BBozjaTca HayKOBejiHecKHe nonaTna, to b JIHHrBOCTHJIHCTHHCCKOM HCCaCflOBBHHH XyflOJKeCTBCHHOrO TCKCTB CHHMBCTCa 3anpeT Ha ncnojiB3OBaHHc mhothx jiHTepaTypoBejjHecKHx nonaTHH, bhbcthocth,

(10)

Stylistyka XVIII

xapaKTepn3yioiUHX Mnp iipotTiBeneHHa u JiHTeparypHbiH npoijecc. TpaHHua Me>KAy JIHHrBOCTMJIHCTHHeCKUM H JIHTepaTypOBCnHCCKHM H3yBeHMeM xyao>KecTBeHHoro npoH3BeneHHa CTaHOBHTca 3bi6koh, OHa onpenenaeTca iipc/Knc Bcero npoÓJieMaTHKOH HCCJiejiOBanHH, a ne CTporoH nHCUHiuiHuapiioii paarpaHUHCHHocTbfo ncnojib3yeMoro KOHuenTyajibHoro annapara.

BHHMaHMe k aBTopy h ero npncyrcTBnio b npoH3Ben,eHHH, TpannuHOHHoe ,uia jiHTeparypoBe^ioB, craHOBHTca xapaKrepHbiM h nna jihhfbhctob. Karciopna oópaaa aBTopa, KaK h npyrne npencTasneHHa o BbipaiKeHHH tbophcckoh aKTHBHocTH cyóbeKTa h ero HHflHBHjjyajibHOM CTHjie, coBMenjaioTca c paCCMOTpCHHeM TCKCTOBbIX, >KaHpOBbIX, (J)yHKUMOHajIbHO-CTHJieBbIX HOpM (Wi tasz 2005) H CTaHOBHTCJI OpraHUHHblMH flJIM (J)yHKIIMOHajIbHO-C™jlMCTHMeCKHX nccjie;ioBaHnii. 3th npeżjcTaBJieuHa BBonaica b HiyiCHHC tckctob pa3Hbix ko- MMyHHKarnBHbix cc|)ep (Kotkhhb, TuroBa 1976; Gajda 1996; ConraHHK 2000 h

«P-)-BecbMa noKaaarejibHa b nnane HacTHHHOH cobmccthmocth KOHijenTyajibHoro annapara cpaBHHBaeMbix 0TnjincTHTiecKnx ihkoji ((JiyHKUHOHajibHOH cthjihcthkh

h ocTeTHHecKoro Hneann3Ma) TpaKTOBKa hx npencTaBHTenaMH noHarna Bbip- a3HTejibHOCTH. Tax, b (JjyHKijMOHajibHon cTHjincTUKc innpoKoe pacnpocrpaHeHne

nojiynnno iiOHHMaunc Bbipa3HTejibHoc™ peqn KaK onTHMajibHon pcajin3aij,nM ee KOMMyHHKaTHBHbix 3a/jaHHH. Bbipa3HTe.nbHOH Mo>KeT ObiTb h Hexyno>KecTBeHHa$i peHb-nySjiMijHCTHHecKafl, Haynnaa, aenoBaa (Iojiobhh 1988; KocrowapoB 2005; Komuna u Ap. 2008). ComacHO E.H. lojioBHHy, Bbipa3HTejibHOCTb, HanpHMep, HayHHOH pCBH „nOAACp>KHBaeTC5I... HCTKOCTblO, CTpOrOCTbIO, HCHOCTbK) chh- TaKCHHeCKHX CTpyKTyp, TOHHOCTbIO H JIOrHHHOCTbIO npHMCHeHHS JieKCHKH” (Iojiobhh 1988: 266). 3ra HHTepnpeTauna yKasaHHOH KareropHH bhojihc cor- jiaeyeTCM c npeACTaBJieHHSMH E.Kpone, OTMCHaBinero acTeTHHecKyio 6jih3octb

HayHHoro iipoHiBC/ieiiHa xyno>KecTBeHHOMy.

BcHKoe HayHHoe npoH3BejjeHHe, ecTb b to >Ke BpeMa npoH3BeneHne HCKyccTBa. ScTeTHiecKaa CTopoHa jjejia mojkct ociaBaibca b renu, Korna Hani yM 3axBaHen Bceuejio ycHJiHeM ypaayMeTb mmcjib yneHoro h paaoóparbca b hcthh6. Ho OHa ya<e He ocraeTca Gojiee b tchu, Korna ot nearejibHOCTH ypaayweHHa mbi nepexonHM k neaTejibHoc™ coaepuaHHa h BHnHM 3Ty Mbicjib... pacKpbiBaiomeiica nepen naMH c aCHOCTblO, BHCTOTOK), OTBCTJIHBOCTblO, 6e3 JIHUJHHX CJIOB, 6e3 CJIOB HeCOBepilieHHblX, C cooTBeTCTBeHHbiM pHTMOM h cooTBeTHTByiomeH HHTOHaHMeii... (Kpoie 1920: 29).

KaK OTMeianocb, Kareropna (jjyHKLiHOHajibHoro cthjim tccho CBaaana c hoh- MTHeM HopMbi. PeHeBaa CHCTeMHOCTb CTHna, coóctbchho, h oSycnoBnena

(11)

Kyn-<PyHKyuoHcuibHafi cmujiucmuKa

BJIAftHMHP A. CAJIHMOBCKHH

BTypHblMH HaBbIKaMH OTÓOpa H HCnOJIb3OBaHH« a3bIKOBbIX CpCftCTB B TOH HJIH HHOH KOMMyHHKaTHBHOH C(|)epe. BMeCTe C TCM B HeKOTOpbIX c|)yHKUHOHa.nb- HO-CTHJiHCTMHecKHX HccjicftOBaHHax oGHapyiKHBaeTca cTpcMjieHHe ryMaHH3Hpo- BaTb KaTeropmo CTHjia, bbibccth HejiOBenecKHH (JiaKiop Ha nepBbin nnaH h ycH- jihtb ero. TaK, Ct. Faiifta onpeftejiaeT cthjib kbk „iyMBHHCTHiiecKyio crpyK rypy TCKCTa” (Gajda 1982: 69), noftnepKHBaa stoh fte(j)HHHn,HeH aKTHBHyio ponb cy6- •beKTa, ocymecTBJiaromero TCKCTOByio ftearejibHOCTb b cijjepe rex hjihhhbix Kyn-

bTypHblX KOHBCHLJHH.

O cneumjiHHecKH hcjiobchcckoh aKTHBHOCTH b peneoSpasoBaHHM pa3- MblHIJiaJIH H OCHOBBTCJ1H „TCOpriH BbipaaCCHHa”. Ilo-BMflUMOMy, HX HCC- jieaoBaTCJibCKHc ycTaHOBKn u oGnjHe npeftCTBBJieHHa o TBopnecKOH npHpofte no3- HaBaTejibHO-peHeBbix npopeccoB MoryT CTHMyjiHpoBaTb ftajibHCHinee pa3BHTne noHaTHa (jiyHKijHOHajibHoro CTHjia b HanpaBjieHHH 3KcnjiHKan,HH ryM-

aHHCTHHecKoro Hanajia.

B ftBa nocjieftHHX ftecaTHJicTHa noBbicHJica HHTepec cthjihctob k n3MeHeHMaM B (jjyHKHHOHHpOBaHHH CJiaB3HCKHX M3BIKOB, HTO CBa3aHO C ÓypHblMH oGlI],- cctbchhbimh npeo6pa3OBBHHMMH KOHija XX- nanajia XXI bb. B pycHCTHKe innp- OKyio n3BccTHocTb nojiyiHjia KOHrjermna BT. KocTOMaposa, ocHOBbiBaiomaaca Ha noHaTHH a3biKOBoro BKyca 3noxn (KocTOMapoB 1999). Bicyc, OTMenaer aBTop, - 3TO „CJIOTKHblH CHJiaB COHHajIbHbIX TpeÓOBaHHH H OpeHOK, a TaK>Ke HHflHBHAyaabHOCTH HOCHTejia a3biKa, ero xyfloa<ecTBeHHbix aa^aTKOB, BocnuTaHna, o6pa3OBaHHOCTn” (c. 29). „Brcyc - sto, b eynjHOCTH, MeHaronjHHca Haean noJib3OBaHHa a3biKOM eooTBCTCTBeHHO xapaKTepy 3hoxh” (c. 32); „...Hyrbe 33biKa ecTb CBoeo6pa3Haa CHCTeMa 6eeeo3HaTCJibHbix oiichok, oTpaacaiomaa CHCTeMHOCTb a3HKa B pCHH H o6mCCTBCHHbie a3bIKOBbIC Hfleajibi” (c.30); „...caMoe niaBHoe - b oómecTBeHHOH scTeTHKe, b cTpeMjieHHH k TOMy, hto noHHMaeTca KaK KpacHBoe” (c. 12).

IloHaTHa BKyca h HyBcmsa HibiKa, udeajia, 3cmemunecKO2O npoyecca u ftp.,

crojib xapaKTcpHbie ftjia hikojibi ocTeTHHecKoro nfteajin3Ma, cayacar 3ft,ecb o61>aCHCHHK) H3MCHeHHH a3bIKOBOH HOpMbl, OHpeftejieHHłO HanpaBJieHHa X3bIKOBOii 3BOJHOHHH, B MCM OFIBTb-TaKH yjTaBBHBaCTCa CBa3b C npoÓJICMaTHKOH 3T0H IHKOJIbl. BmOCTC C TCM, K3K HOKa3bIBaCT BT. KoCTOMapOB, OCHOBHOH C(j)CpOH B03HHKH0BCHHa a3biKOBbix HHHOBauMH BbicTynaeT b HacToaHjee BpeMa He xyftoacecTBCHHaa, a MaccMeftHHHaa KOMMyHHKariHa; onpeftenaeMbie BKycoM 3HOXH a3bIKOBbIC H pCHCBEIC OCOGCHHOCTH B TOM HJIH HHOH CTCHCHH pacnpocTpaHMioTca Ha Bce rpynnHpoBKH tckctob ((JiyHKHHOHajibHbie cthjih). OGnjaa 3aKOHOMepHOCTb coctoht bo bcc óojibmeM ocnaGjieHHH cbh3h Meacfty

(12)

Stylistyka XVIII

MCnOJIb3OBaHHeM CTHJIHCTHieCKHX pCCypCOB pyCCKOrO a3bIKa H (JjyHKIIHOHajIbHO- peMCBOH ^H(|)({)epeHiiHauHeii nocjiejiHero, T.e. Meac^y cthjihcthhcckhm

u

cTHJieBbiM HaHajiaMn. Flpn otom cTHJiHCTHiecKoe Hanajio „óeapasaejibno 3axBaTHJio... TBopqecKyio oÓJiacTb HHflHBHflyaiibHoro cjiora” h, He 6yzjyiiH KOHCTpyKTHBHO o6»3aTejibHbiM, HaKJia/ibiBaeTca na CTHJieBoe (KocTOMapoB 2005: 229).

3 BbicKail.iBaeMoe nnor.aa cyacaeHHe 06 HCHcpnanHocin npejiMCTa <|)yHKUMOHajibHOH cthjih cthkh, c Hanieii tohkh 3pcHH«, ocHOBaHO Ha otojk/icctbjichhh npc/iMCTa ttoh HayaHOH uhchh- njiHHBi c npoSjiCMaTHKoii ee HCCJiejiOBaHHH btot hjih hhoh ncpnon. CaMa ace npe/iMCTHaa OÓJiaCTb Bapi.HpOBaHHH TeKCTOBOH UeSTejIbHOCTH B pa3HbIX KOMMyHHKaTHBHbIX C(j>epax, npeTC- pneBaK>njHx H3MeHCHHM b npouecce pa iBHTHM oóincc i Ba, ucHcucpnacMa h coc i aBjiae r cymec- TBCHHblH acneKT o6llICH TCOpHH SBbIKa B JICHCTBHH.

Mbl MO2K6M, T3KHM OÓpa3OM, KOHCTaTHpOBaTb, HTO (J)yHKn,HOHaJIbHa» CTHJIHCTHKa, COCpCflOTOHHBHIHCb TJiaBHblM o6pa3OM Ha OÓl>eKTHBHbIX (HOpMaTHBHbIX, penpOflyKTHBHbIx) XapaKTCpHCTHKaX CTHJieo6pa3OBaHHM, TCM HC MeHee B HCKOTOpbIX CBOHX KOHUCHHHaX H HHTCpnpCTaUHaX HOHSTHH o6napy>KMBacT ycTOHHHBbiii HHTepec k cyóbCKTHBHO-TBopHCCKOMy acneKTy pciCBoii jichtcjibhocth h ee acreTHnecKOH CTopone, cocTaBJiaioniHM iipe/iMCT H/ieaJIHCTHHeCKOH IHKOJIbl.

***

IlapaMeTpbi pcncBoro oóineHHa BapbnpyioT b pa3Hbix ero c<|)cpax. OcHOBHaa KOMMyHHKaTHBHaa eflHHHpa — tckct - no-pa3HOMy „OToGpaacaeT 6i>ithc” (M.M. EaXTHH) B nOBCC4HCBHOH JKH3HH, B HCKyCCTBC, HayKC, HOJIHTHKC H np.; B KażK/lOII H3 3thx c(|)ep cneiiH(|)HHHbi a3biKOBOH cocTaB, co;iep>KarcjibHO-CMbicjiOBaa h

coóctbchho peHeBaa opraHH3au,Ha tckctob. 3to CBoeo6pa3He, kbk no;mcpi<HBa- JlOCb, H COCTaBJiaeT Iipc/IMCT (|)yHKUHOHajIbHOH CTHJIHCTHKH, H3yHaBHieH Ha pa3Hbix 3Tanax CBoero pa3BHTHa npcHMyLnecTBCiino hjih noTeHijHaji a3biKOBbix CpeyiCTB, COOTHeCeHHbIX C TCMH HJIH HHblMH KOMMyHHKaTHBHblMH HCJiaMH (jihóo 4>yHKUHaMH a3bIKa), HJIH B3aHMOCBa3b 3THX epCHCTB Ha TCKCTOBOH HJIOCKOCTH, hjih cMbicjioByio CHCTeMy npoH3BefleHHa b enHHCTBe c ee peneBbiM BOnJIOIUeHHCM3. Kpyr HOMHHHpyK>UIHX TCM, HHeil, MeTOUOB (JjyHKUHOHaJlbHOH cthjihcthkh bo mhotom onpe/iejiajica cocToaHHeM npoOjieMaTHKH oOmero a3biKO3HaHna h B3aHMOfleiicTBneM co cmokhbimm jihhtbhcthhcckhmh flHCPHHJIHHaMH.

(13)

d>VHKnuoHajibHaH cmwiucmuKa

BJIAJJHMHP A. CAJIHMOBCKHll

BaTKHbIM HCTOMHHKOM pa3BHTHM (|)yHKn,HOHajIbHOH CTHJIHCTHKH SBJIMCTCM H TeHAeHijna k cnHTC3y ee fiohmthh c noHMTMaMH ,apyrnx cthjimctuhcckhk hikoji

(Synteza... 1991). TaK, b nepBoii ipciH XX b. Ha renesnce tcopcthhcckoh cthjhi- cthkh CKaaajiocb iipncymcc ryMaHHTapHOMy 3H3hhio iToro BpeMeHH npoTM- BoóopcTBo flByx MonjHbix Hanan: „h/ich TBopaiuero ,iyxa u m/ich bhcjihhhofo

caMopa3BHTHM KyjibTypHO-ncTopHHecKHx c|)eHOMeHOB (Hy/jaKOB

1992:

250)

”.

OyHKL[H0HajIbHaa CTHJIHCTHK3 COCpeAOTOHUJiaCb Ha o6bCKTHBHbIX 33KOH- OMepHOCT5ix CTHJieo6pa3OBaHH» — penpoflyKTHBHbix oco6chhocthx OTÓOpa H

HCHOJlb3OB3HH« S3bIKOBbIX CpeflCTB B K3>K,IOH H3 OCHOBHbIX KOMMyHHK3THBHbIX c(f)cp, Ha 3aKpen.juiłomHx 3thoco6chhocth cthjicbmx Hopwax. Ho npn stomhcc- jieflOBaTeaH CTapauncb hc ynycTHTb H3 nona 3peHHa „to Bbicinee h Tonnanniee”, HTO eCTb B H3BIKC (B. (j)OH FyM6ojlb^T) - peHCBOC BOHJIOHICHHC TBOpHCCKOH JIHH- HOCTH. 3tO npOflBHJIOCb B HHTCpCCC K HHflHBHflyajIbHOMy CTHJHO HHCaTCJia, ny6- jiHijHCTa, yncHoro, b HCKOTopbix HHTepnpeTaiiHax hohmthh Bbipa3HTejibHOCTH h TeKCTOBoro cthjim, b noHCKax ^BH>KynieH chjim a3biKOBbix npeo6pa3OBaHHH. PlHblMH CJIOB3MH, (J)yHKHHOHaJIbH3H CTHJIHCTHK3 B XOfl,e CBOCTO p33BHTH5I OÓH3py- 7KHB3JI3 mowu COnpUKOCHOBeHUH C HOJlO>KeHH»MH HflC3JIHCTHHeCKOH HIKOJIbl.

HsyHCHHC cncpH(J)HKH pcncBOH KOMMyHHKapHH b pa3Hbix ee c<J)ep3x npe^no- JI3raeT OÓpaiUCHHe He TOJIbKO K TpSAHlJMOHHblM, HO H K Kpe3THBHbIM 3CHCKT3M TeKCTOBOH ^eaTCJIbHOCTH. Ho3TOMy npC^CTSBJOieTCM BHOJIHC 33KOHOMepHOH yCT3H0BKa B (J)yHKL],MOHajIbHOH CTHJIHCTHKC H3 HCHOJIb3OB3HHC HCCJieflOB3TCJIb- CKOrO OHbIT3 HIKOJIbl SCTCTHHeCKOFO H^eajIH3M3. JI. IIInHTIiep, K3K H3BCCTHO, HOJI3T3JI, HTO Ó33OBbie HOHSTMS 3TOH HIKOJIbl, H3CTO 0TBCpr3CMbIC K3K MeTa<j)H3HHecKHe, co bpcmchcm MoryT oópecTH CT3Tyc H3yHHbix hohmthh. Ho-BHflHMOMy, BO3MO>KHOCTb HX ajjanTaiJHH K (jjyHKUHOHBJIbHO-CTHJIHCTHHCCKOH npo6jieM3THKe bo mhotom SyneT onpeji,ejiaTbca nporpeccoM b oSjibcth

HCCJICJIOB3HHH HO HCHXOJlOrHH TBOpH6CTB3 H nCHXOJIOTHH HH/JHBHJjy3JIbH0CTH (cm.: 3hhhchko

2002).

yCHJlCHHC HHTCrpaiJHOHHOH TCHfleHUHH OpHCHTHpOB3JIO 6bl JIHHTBHCTH- HCCKyiO CTHJIHCTHKy H3 HCCJICAOB3H He peHCBOTO oOnjeHHM B KOHTeKCTC (|)yHfl3MCHT3JIbHbIX HpoOjlCM TyM3H HT3p HOFO 3H3HH3 - COOTHOHieHHM COIJHaJIbHOrO H HHJJHBHJjy3JIbHOrO, Tp34HUHOHHOrO H HOBHTOpCKOrO.