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hto

Bił npaa3biK^ ne cyui;ecTBOBa;io e n ó.

Bomr&,

A6p®ŁaBniiflca b

'

b n a a a a i, K ast mh MojKeMrB cyahtb

no HrkKOTopLJMi> MrtcTaMrB ero connHenin n nnceMił, APyra-

ro MHŚHia, npHMKHya^ Bnocjr^ACTBin

kł

9TOMy yaemio

TpnMMa. U

to

Kacaexca Teopin noAHaTifi,

to

OHa sanMCTBo-

Bana y HHAificKnxrB rpaMMaraKOBii, KOTopue, iia^o caasaTB,

ÓLLiH iiocjrkAOBaTejiBirke

bb btomb

oTHomenin,

y

I

jmb

espo-

liencitie yaeHue, a

hmghho

ni.ienxep'B iipHBajrB yaeHie Bon-

na o TOMrB, axo ApeBHenHAincKoe r

bt

. nepeAOBamn ero crB

ar (Haup. ocnoBa patar- co SHaaeHieMY «OTen/B» npn patr-)

Ha^o noHHMaTb, naKT. oc.iaó.ieHie c.iora ar, Meat^y

t

^

mł

KaKł, oóiłacnaa ai H3B a-j-i, na^o ofoacHaTB, oaeBHAHo,

n ar H3i> a-j-r,

t.

e.

cnnTaTB ar nepBHMŁ noAHarieMł,

a HopMa.!iBHoi CTyuenbio r. OcnoBnaa r.iacHaa

a

noABep-

raerca,

110

IIIaenxepy,

by 0

TArfc;iBHBixił a3HKaxrB 1)

iiojiho

-

My ncaesHOBeHiio; 2) oc.ia0.iemH)

bb

i n u; 3) nsM^iieniio

Bi> e n o, upnaeMił ncaesHOBenie n oc.ua6.ieme CTaBarca

Bił 3aBHCHM0CTi>, HejKAy npoanMTł,

ot

ii yAapeHia 6e3'B

AaiB-Hl>HiiiHXii, BnpoaeMTł, noacneHin, a H3Mrlmeiiie ero Bił e n o

ni.nenxepił .mniB oTaacTH iiBiTaeTca oÓBacHHTB B.iianieMił

COC'lłAHHX,Jł 3ByKOBTi, H 9TO flB.ieilie OCTaeTCfl Bił Komy!)

koh

-

poBii neodiłacHeHHBiMił. C'

l

9Toro iiocjriiAHaro liymtTa n Ha-

aa.aacb KpnTHKa Bcen encTeMu, npnBeAiuaa, KaiCŁ

mu

yBn-

AHMTł, ne TOJ1LKO KŁ <|)aKTH4eCKHHTł, HO H jyjiHHBlMTł MeTO-

Ao.nornaecKHMił npioópfrreHiaMB.

Brb 1874 r. KyppiycB yKa3a.i*B na

to, hto nsMimeme

a Bił e noBTopaeTca

bt»

eBponencKnxił a3UKaxił Haiuen ce-

mbh

, 3a HCK.iroaeHieMił

jihiiil

roTCKaro asuita, crB BnaanTenB-

HOK) IipaBH.lBHOCTBIO Bł H3B'tCTHUX'B rp KMM KTH 4 e CKHXrB Iia-

TeropiaxrB, Hanp.,

bb ochob4

nacToamaro BpeMenn r.iaro-

.loBił K.nacca rpea. cpśpo), cp. .iarr. fero, CT.-c.iaB. Kep^,

KeaBTCK. berim, n

hto 9to

oocmaTejiBCTBo MCK.ii04aeTrB

bo

3-14

moirhoctb c-iy^atHaro coBna^eHia asriEOBŁ b$ btomł otho- uiemn, KaitŁ 9to ^onycKaji^ IH.ieHxepŁ. K,ypii,iycŁ ^kiaeT^ OTCIOfta BBIBOftfc, HTO H3MfoieHie a BŁ e lip0H30UIJI0 He BTi Kaffi^OMTł B3BIIirB OT,3/klBHO, a BT, 9H0Xy HXŁ COBM^CTHOH

5KH3HH, npHaeMT,,

bł bhjij

HH^oHpaHCKaro a, HB.iaioin,aroca

bt

,

cooTBrŁTCTBiH crj> eapon. e (ApeBHeHH.il,. bliarami), ocTa-

BiaBjfHBaeTCH na

mbic

.

hh o cobm

^

cthoh slhshh

eBponeficKHXrb

napo^oBT, HH^oeBpeiieflcKaro naeMenH yate no OT^kieBin

otł

a3ia,rcKHX'B copo^HBeH,

t

.

e. Ha npHBHaniH eBponefi-

CKaro npaa3LiKa,

t

I

jmł

doabe,

bto h

^

ckobłko

pambe

e

'

b

xa-

KOMy JEe BBiBo^y npHme.iT, JIoTTHepT,, ccBinaBuimca, Meat^y

npoBHMTi, Ha eBponeiCKoe 1, Meac/ij

t

^

mt

,

EaEŁ

hh

^

o

-

HpaHCEaro

h

HHAoeBponencEaro npaa3Bii«a

bt

,

to

Bpema upa-

HHMa.iH

.

ihhib o

,

u

,

ho

i*. r.iacnaa i, aBJiaioipaaca

b

'

b

roTCKOMrB

a3BiE’b

bt

,

cooTBijTCTBin

ct

,

r.iacHoił e flpyimŁ eBponen-

cehxt

>

a3HEOBi» nauien

ccmbh

(cp. roT. ist, nar. est, rpea.

kozi,

ct

.

-c.i. ł€CTb), aB.iraeTca, cab^OBaTeaBHO, ne oc.ia6.ie-

nieMrB Heiiocpe^CTBeHHo HCEOHHaro a, a e»pon-. e, EOTopoe

no Eyppiycy

h

coxpaHH.iocB

bł totceomt

,

asBndfc npH

110

-

jioaeHin nepe^T, r

h

h, cp. r. baira

ct

,

rpea. cpspco.

J^a.iBHie Kyppiyca nomeni, AMeayHrŁ (cTaTBH ero no-

aBjia.iHCB

bt>

1871, 1874

h

1875 rr.), EOTopwfl yTBep-

at#ajiT>,

bto

eBpon. e no.iyaH.iocB

hstł

HH^oeBponeflcEaro

a,

a

eBpon. o n a , KaET, BH^oH3MrliHeHie

btobo

noc.irb^Haro,

h3^b

HH^oeBpon. a,

bt,

speBHeHH^. ate a3BiErb

hsł hh^o-

eBpon.

a

no.iyaH.iocB

a,

hsł

HH.noeBpoii. a — a

h

a. Ifcb

9T0My BBiBo^y npHBe.io ero nabaio^eHie Ha^T, BepeftOBameMT,

r.iacHHxo, BrB r.iaro.irb,

a

hmchho ohł

yEa

3

a.

1

T, Ha

to, bto

rpea.

dśdopne

cooTBrkrcTByer& speBHeHH,!,- dadaręa,

a

rpea.

yeyoye — ^peBHHHH,!,. gagana, a TaET» EaEŁ

h6mbic.ihmo,

EaET,

9to

ji,onycEaaŁ IIIaeHxepł,

btoóbi bt, o,d,hoh h toh

JEe

rpaMMaTHaecEOH EaTeropin aB.ia.iacB

to

ocHOBHaa raacHaa,

to

1-e

no^HaTie -a,

to,

c.ib,ąoBaTe.iBHO, nepBoe nopiaTie

bł

^peBneHHĄ. H3. aBjiaeTca

b^ bh^Ł

a

h

a.

Ha

no^poóno-

cthxł

Teopin AMe.iyHra a He ocTaHaB.iHBaiocB

bł

BH^y

to­ to, bto

Ha Hee odparniH BHHMame yate nocab noaB.ieHia

CTaTefi BpyrMana,

eotopbjh

ne 3Hajr& ero

bbjbo.u.o bł.

HTaEii,

młi bhpme

,

eto

AMejiyHrE nepBLifi c/i/fcjiajiE nontiTity

bo

3-

BeCTH eBpOH. e H O (a) EE pyME pa3JIHEHBIME SByKaMŁ

HH^oeBpon. npaasBma; npoTHBE „pacipeiuieBia“ op oro 3By-

Ka e npaasBiKa

be

pjrLHfcfimen

jkhshh

KajEpro oTji/fcjiBHa-

ro ero noTOME.a Ha nfccKOJiBKo 3By

eobe

, He onpaBpiBaeMa-

ro HHKaKHMH BH^HMEIMH yCJIOBiflMH, OHE B03CTaJIE pfclBH-

Te.TBHO

bt

> Teopin,

xote

Ha npattTHKfc caME oTCTynajiE

ote

9Toro TpeóoBaHia (cp. eBpon. o

h

a, EaEE ero BHpHSMfc-

HeHie).

Be

1876 r o p

hobbhjihcb

CTaT&H BpyrnaHa, KOTopw-

mh ohe

TaKT> ÓJiecTani;e naEajiE

cbopo

yaeHyro sfcflTe.TBHOCTB.

Ohe

yEasajiE Ha

to

,

eto

eBpon. o cooTBfcTCTByeTE

be

ApeB-

HeHH/l,. B3HKrfc Iiepej],E OflHOH COrJiaCHOH He

BE

EOHH/fc CJIO-

Ba a, a nepe/i/E pyMa

a, cp.

HpHBe/i.eHHBia dadaręa

u ga-

gana. BnocjrfcpTBiH BpyrMaHE oirpe.u.fcjrajiE TOEHfce,

etobe

/i,peBHeHH/j,. asmirfc a cooTBfcTCTByeTE npn y EasaEHOME no-

jiojKernH

tojibko

TaKOMy eBponeficKOMy o, KOTopoe aBaaeTca

be

HepeftOBaiiin

ce

e. H

se

yEasannaro npaBH.ua Bnpo,

eto

MLI HaXO/l,HME

H

BE ^peBHeHH/],. fl3B]Erfc H3BrfcCTH0e COOTBrfcT-

CTBie

pa3JiHaiio

eBpon. e n eBpon. o, a HMeHHo

eBpon. e cooTBfcTCTBy eTE peBHeHH.ii.. a, a e eBpon. o npn

H3BfccTH0ME ycjroBin a; oTCio/i,a

h

e

h36fcje

e

he bbibo

/

i

,

e

:

hh

#

o

-

eBpon. npaa3BiEE HMfcjiE ne o p o a, a p a 3ByEa,

eoto

-

pBiME BpyrMaHE peTE ycjiOBHBia oóo3Haaenia at n a2.

Ke

9

thme

3ByEaME a

ohe

iipncoepnaeTE em,e o p o a,

eoto

-

poe H3B.neEaeTE H3E c.nfc/i,yioni,HXE cooTBfcTCTBin: peBHeHH/i,.

agami, rpen. ayto, jiaT. ago; flp.-HHfl. pita, rpen. Tcanfjp,

jiaT. pater. BnocjrfcpTBiH 6

bijio

pEasano,

eto to

rpea. n

JiaT. a, EOTOpOMy COOTBfcTCTByeTE BE peBHeHH/j;. fl3HE’fc He

a, a i,

bocxoptt

>

et

> ocodoMy 3ByEy HHpeBpon. npaasu-

Ea, oT-imnaBnieMycji

ote toto

3ByEa,

be

EOTopoMy

bocxo

-

pTE peBHeHHfl. a, aBJiaioii];eeca

be

cooTBfcTCTBin

ce

eB-

pon. a.

^pyrie

jihhbbhctbi

— Jobami Schmidt n Collitz, ne

npHHflBniie npaBH.ua BpyrMaHHa o nomueniH npn H3BrfccT-

HOME yCJIOBŻH BE HHpHpaHCEHXE E3BIEaXE a H3E HHpeBp.

a2,

ce

CBoefi CTopoHBi,

yEa3a.uH na

to

,

eto

peBHeHH^,. c

16

h

g HBaaroTca, KaKił CMaraenie k

h

g, <})OHeTHBecEH anniB

nepe.u.Tł TaEHMT, a, EOTopoMy

bł

eEponeficEHXŁ H3BiEaxŁ

cooTB^TCTByerf. e; cp. ^peBHeuHft. catvaras

ct

> caaB. BeTH-

pe,

jihtobcr

. keturi, rpea. zśzzapec;, r,ąk z

hsi

. k; ^peBHe-

hhju

ganas cb rp. ysvoę;

cł

ftpyrofi CTopoHti, speBHenH,!!:.

MicTOHMeHiayio ocnoBy ka- cp. cra cTapocaaB. MkcT.

ocho

-

boh ko

-, aaT. quo-; ApeBHenHji,. yngam cb rpea. C^yóv,

aarr. jugurn. HTaErB,

h

rk aHHrBHCTEi, EOTopne He npima-

an npaBH.ira BpyrMana, ,a,aBaa

t^mł

(J>aETaM^, EOTopEie

o6t>-

acHaiorca 9

thmt

> nyTeMTi, ,ąpyria, MaaoBkpoaTHBia oÓMcne-

nia,

ct

> .upyrofl

ctopohh

, npHimm

et

> Tomy ate,

et

> aeMy

npHinexi» BpyrHaHT>: eBpon. e

h

o Bocxo,ii,aTTł

et

> AByMŁ

pasjiHBHtiMTi 3ByEaM^b npaa3LiEa, EOTopne pasanaaioTca H3-

b

I

jcthbimtb

oópasoMŁ

h

Bii nH^0HpancEHXT> a3BiEaxŁ.

nOC-Jli^OBaJI^ pkaBlfi pa^Ł ÓaeCTaiII,HXT> OTEpBITifi OTHOCH-

TeaBHo 3ByEOBaro cocTaBa HH^oeBpon. upansBisa,

h

.

ihh

-

rBHCTBi OEOHHaTeaBHo noEOHBH.iH

cł

Teopiefi „pacipenae-

Hia“ , HaoóopoTŁ,

bo

MHornx'& cayaaaxT>

óblio

.noKasano co-

Bna^eHie

h

^

ceo

.

ilehxł

3ByEOBi> npaasBiEa Bb

o

^

homt

. 3By-

Ek ero noTOMEa; Hanp.

bt

, repM. a, caaB. o

coBnaan ara

3Bysa npaasBiEa, pasanaaioipieca

b

^

b

,u,pyrHX'B eBpon. a3Bi-

EaxŁ Haniefl ceM&n, a HMenHo a° n aa. Ha ncTopin BckxT&

othx

'

j

> OTEpBITifi a s^kci* He Mory ocTaHaBJiHBaTBca, Tairb

eeet

> ^

iih

MeHa Baamo cak^HTL iie

ctojleo

3a (JiaETHaecEH-

mh

, CEoaBEO MeTOAoaornaecEHMH iipioópkTeHiaMH

bt

> oóaa-

cth

Haiiiefi Hay

eh

, EOTopBia aBHancB pe3y.iBTaTOMŁ EpHTH-

eh

yaeuia IHaefixepa,

ho

npeat^e akrna roBopnTB o Hnxa,

a ^oaajeHa BEpamk pascaasaTB cy^BÓy ^pyrofi

brcth

yae-

Hia IHaefixepa o BOEaan3Mrk HH^oeiiponficE. a3Bma, HMeHHo

cy^BÓy ero Teopin no^naTifi.

niaefixepa, cak^ya TpHMMy

h hh

^I

hcehmł

rpaMMaTH-

EaMŁ, noHHMaaił aepe^OBaHie (

bt

> pa3.nHBHHXT> oópasoBa-

niaxT» 0T3> o,a,Horo

h

Toro aie Eopna) raacBBixa a, a, raac-

Hofi i cb ^H^iTOHraMH ai, ai

h

raacnofi u ca ,pr$TOHraMH

au

h

au cak,ąyioiqHMrB oópasoMa: ,a,aa pa3aHBenia caoBt,

o6pe30BaHHBixt

ot

'a o^Horo

h

Toro ate Eopna, ,ąaa BBipaate-

Hia pa3aHBHBIXT> rpaMMaTHBeCEHXT> OTHOIIieHifi

eł ochob

-hhml r.iacnLiML b l KopHi

a,

i,

u

npBcoe.a.BHaeTca

em;e

a

— nepBoe no^naiie, a k l o6pa30BaBinBMca TaKHMri> o6pa-

3om'l ii, ai, au eni;e a — -BTopoe no,a;HHTie. Cl .upyroił cto- poHH, mli bh^ jib, aro EonnL o6l0CH0.i l pa3.iHaie b l 3By- koboml bh^Ii KopHa (nanp. ftpeBneHH,!,. em i = s ffu np0 imaS'— 1-oe a. mh.

a.)

pasanaHoio TajaecTBio oitonaama;

ia-

Koro po,a,a o6LacHeme, oMeBii^Ho, Hey^oBaeTBopnTe.nBHo, TaKL KaKrB MH He HMlieML HHKaKHXL ,HiaHHHXL £.10 pa30H0eHia BByKOBŁ h caoroBL no TaatecTH. Enje b l

1841

r.

Holtz-

mann BLicKa3a.iŁ B^pnyio mhcjib, kto aepe^oBame b l 3By- KOBOML BH£r]3 KOpH0 HaXO£HTC0 BL 3aB0CHMOCTH OTL nO.HO- iKenia y^apenia, cp. £peBHeHH£. Śmi upn imas. IlepBLin, KTO IipOBe.lL 3TOTL BSr.ia^L CL 03B4CTHOIO nOC.lr^OBaTe.lB- HOCTBIO, (JLI.1L BeH^en; CL O£HO0 CTOpOHH, OHL np0Be.lL oc.ia6.ienie 0 no.m oe Hciie3noBenie hckohhoh raacHon a b l sanncHMocTB otl ea noaoaKema b l cjiobIj 6esL y^apema npa no-ioaieHin iiepeji,L caoroML c l y^apemeML: cp. rpea. TuaTpóę npa

Tzazspa

.; c l ąpyrofi CToponLi, ohl o6Lacna.iL aepe^oBanie r.iacHLiXL

i

0 u c l ^Bij^TonraMa c.rEąyiomHML o6pa30ML: raacnLia

i

0 u, nona^aa no£L y^apenie, iio.iy- naiOTL nepejiL codoio

a,

TaitL KaKL ono o£no MoateiL hm&tb

Ha

ce64 y^apenie, raacHaa ate

a

ocraeTca b l ananorna- homl no.ioateniH 6e3L HSMlmeHia. IIIepepL, aBTopL 03BrficT- hoh khhth Zul*

Greschichte

der deutsclien Sprache, b h- m e^niei b l

1868

r., BHBe.iL H3L naójiio^enin HajiL bob- HHKHOBenieML H0B0BepxneH4Men,KHXL ^H^DTOHroBL 03l cpe^- HeBepxneHrj§MepK0XL £oarnxL r.iacnHXL (cp. cpBH. hus, hbh. haus) to saK.noaenie, aao 0 £H<J)TOHrB Hn^oerpon. npaa3HKa 11o.1ya0.iHCB ne nenocpe^CTBenno b s l r.iacHLixL

i 0

u

nyieML iipHcoe^Hiienia raacnon

a,

icaKL ,ii,yM:a.iL Ben- (Jiefi,

a

03l

i

0 u ;io.irHXL npa imaojKernH iio^l y^ape- nieML; raacnaa

a

npn naanaHocTH yc.ioBiH,

BH3HBaK)ui,HXL

noaB.ieHie ai 0

au,

npoTarnBaeTca. HraKL,

caiłftOBaTeaBno,

b l toh 0n,i!oeBpoii. ochobIj b l p a3.iHaHLiXL ea BH£axL, ko- Topaa aB.iaeica b l rpeaecKofl ocnoBrŁ co snaaenieML «oTen,L», Hec.ia6LiML, nopMa.iBHHML bh^oml 6y,i;eTL t o tl, kotopbjh 3aKai0aa.lL BL C.10B006pa30BaTe.lBH0ML Cy^)(|)HKc4 ItpaTKyiO

18

r.iaCHyLO, H3rL KOTopofl

11

o.nya

0

.nocB rpea.

s

(rpea. rarcep-),

cjiaóuMŁ

bhaomł

óy^eTŁ

tott

», KOTopHH HBjiaeTca

bt

. rpea.

'TCGCUp-, H CHJIBHB1MT. B0,n,OMT> TOTŁ, KOTOpLlfi 3affi.M0Ea.nL BT.

cjioBoo6pa30BaTe.)[LiioMrf> cyc|)^)iiKCrt ,n,o.nryK> raacHyio (rpea.

luarrjp-). IIpuHąmrb, BBiCTaB.neHHBiH Holtzmaim’oMa>

h

no-

cjrfe.u.oBaTejiBHo npoBe^eHHBifl

BenijieeML h

IIIepepoMT.

tojtb

-

ko

Tor,ąa

mott

. BocTopjKecTBOBaTB Ha,n,T> CTapofi ,n,HHaMHEe-

cko

I Teopiefi, sor^a CTa.no HecoMH&HHHML,

eto

aepe.u.oBa-

nie

bt

. nojrojKeHm

y^apema bl cbbsh cl

aepe,n,oBaHieML

3ByK0BBixił

bh

^

obl

caMBixT> 0CH0BrB, Haó.nio,]i,aeMoe

bl

ĄpeBne-

00

,

11

,. a3BiK'l3

h

coxpaH0B0ieeca BrB oc'rarfffiaxL

bt

. rpeaecKOHL

a3HKrŁ, cyui.ecTBOBa.no

0 bl

EH^oeBponeScKOMi. npaa3BiKrfe,

a

9

to

CTa.no

^.oEasanHBiMŁ cJiaKTOML jihihb hocjt

Ł dnecTama-

ro oTKpBrria

Bepnepa, kotoplih bt

. 1876 ro^,y

yKasa.nL na

3aBiic0MocTB H'J3Meii,Karo nepe^BEJKenia cor.nacHBixL,

otkpbi

-

Taro TpEMMOMT.,

bl

03

b

1.

ctho

0 ero aacTH, npeĄCTaB.naBiueE-

ca pp

t

$

xl

riopL HenouaTHBiMi. HCK.moaeHieML,

otl iiojio

-

atenia cyujecTBOBaBmaro H-feEor^a

bl

HrkMeH,EOML asami

cbo

-

óo^Haro y^apeHia, upnaeML OKasaaocB,

eto m

^

cto

ero co-

Bna^aeTT.

bt

. oóujeHL

cl m

I

jctomt

. y^apeHia

bl

Be^iiiCKOML

napiain ji,peBBe0H^. a3BiEa.

3a

^aaBB-ŁuiuBM-B pa3B0TieMT> Boupoca o Eepe^oBamn

bl

0H^,oeBpon. astiffii. cnjiBHaro

0

c.naóaro BH,n,a Kopaa,

a

rrai«Ee pa3.nHEHBixL

110

EaEecTBy oacHBiXL (nanp.,

cl

ae-

pe^OBaHieMŁ r.nacHBixrB

e 0

o, no.ny

echebimt

.

hsl

EB^oeBp.

npaa3BiEa, BrB pyccE. «Hecy»— «

hocl

» [

bo

2-

ohebcth

c.noat-

hbix

'

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