Design diagrams of three bladed controllable pitch propellers

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ARCHIEF

REPORT

OF

TRANSPORTATION TECHNICAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE

REPORT NO. 57

Desiga Diagrams of Three-Bladed Controllable Pitch Propellers

by

Kiyoshi TSUCHIDA and Atsuo YAZAKI

January 1963

Published by

TflE UNYU.GIJUTSU KENKYUJO

MEJIRÓ, TOSifiMA-KU, TOKYO, JAIAN

Lab. y.

lechnisthe

gschi

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Design Diagrams of Three-Bladed Controllable

Pitch Propellers

by Kiyoshi TSUCHIDA and Atsuo YAZAKI

1. Introduction

a Controllable pitch propellers have been widely used for tug boats,

fishing boats, ferries, etc. in Japan.

To study the performance of the

controllable pitch propellers, the open water tests of their models have been performed by the author at the Model Basin of Transportation Technical

Research Institute for several types of propellers. The test results and the

design diagrams of three-bladed controllable pitch propellers are reported

here.

2. Model Propellers

The particulars, dimensions and forms of the model propellers are shown in Table 1, Table 2 and Fig. 1, respectively. The diameter of the propellers is 0.22 meters and the boss ratio is 0.34. The blade sections

1-e

are nearly similar to the Wageningen B-series aerofoils. Table i Model propellers and test conditions

There are two

Diameter Boss Pitch Expanded Max. Mean Blade Angle Number M.P. No. I 979 980 981 982 983 984 985 986 (m) ratio ratio area ratio

blade width ratio blade width ratio thickness ratio of rake (degree) of blades 0.40 0. 220 0. 340 0. 60 0. 80 0.35 0. 319 0. 278 0.05 O 3 1. 00 0. 40 0. 220 0. 340 0. 60 0. 80 0.50 0. 473 0. 397 0.05 o 3 1. 00 Test condi-tions

Revolution per second

Immersion of shaft (m) Temperature of water (°C) Reynolds number (nD2/,) 11 0. 220 14. 3--.17. O 4. 0-4.9x10 11 0. 220 14. 3.-..18. 5 4.65. 1x105

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r/R

Table 2 The ordinates of the blade sections

Distance of the ordinates from the max. thickness to trailing edge

100% 80% 60% 40% 20%

(Ordinates for

2-Distance of the ordinates from the max. thickness to leading edge

20% 40% 60% 80% 90% 95% 100% the back) 0.40 48 70 86 97 98 93 84 70 60 52 0.50

-

44 68 86 97 98 92 82 67 56 48 0.70

-

40 66 85 96 98 89 75 56 43 35 0.90 45 70 87 97 97 87 70 45 30 24 0.95 45 70 89 97 97 89 70 45 32 25

(Ordinates for the face)

0.40 18 6 2

-

2 7 13 18

0.50 10 2 4 9 13

0.70

-

₂

Note: The ordinates are given in % of the max. thickness of the section. The thickness at the blade tip is 3% of the diameter.

series of propellers with the expanded blade area ratios of 0.35 and 0.50. As shown in Fig. 1, the two series of the propellers have the same form of bosses and have the same section shape at the root of the blades. Four

model propellers having the constant initial pitch ratios of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 were manufactured for each of the series of propellers.

As shown in Fig. 2(a), the model propellers are of built-up type and each of the blades of the propellers can be fixed to the boss by four

set-screws. In these experiments four bosses have been manufactured. The

tapped holes on the sides of each boss are made at an interval of 20-degree and the locations of tapped holes for these bosses are different each other by 5-degree, so that the installation angle of blades can be changed in every 5-degree by using these four bosses in turn.

A new type of boss shown in Fig. 2(b) was used in the other test. Using this type of boss can make the change of blade angle easier. The result of these tests is not included in this paper, however it will be published

in the near future.

3. Open Water Tests

Model tests were conducted changing the advance of the propellers with the constant number of revolutions, 11 revolutions per second. As

the water temperature at the time of the tests was 14.3-48.5C, Reynolds number (nD2/i) was 4.6-5.1 x 10f'. The immersion of the propeller shaft

was 0.22 meters.

35 30

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The angle of the blade installation was changed _{every 5.0 degree on}

As the blade angle is turned toward the negative side, the thrust and the torque of the propellers become gradually smaller. _{The thrust becomes} nearly zero at the zero speed of advance of the propellers when _{the blade}

angles are about 10°, 15, 20° and 25° for the propellers

of initial

pitch ratios of 0.4, 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0 respectively.

Tests of the astern conditions were conducted with the _{propellers of}

much smaller blade installation angles. _{In these cases the propellers} _were

installed reversely to the shaft of the propeller dynamometer which revolving

reversely.

4. Test Results and Design Diagrams

The test results are shown in Figs. for the series of propellers having the expanded area ratio of 0.35 and in Figs. 7-.-10 for _{the series} of 0.50 in the dimensionless form. The symbols in the figures are given

as follows

The thrust coefficient;

The torque coefficient; The advance coefficient;

The propeller efficiency (open);

where

T; the thrust of the propeller with the boss resistance deducted (kg) Q; the torque of the propeller (kg-m)

n; the number of revolutions of the propeller (rps) D; the diameter of the propeller (m)

v;

the speed of advance of the propeller (m/sec)

p: the density of water (kg-sec2/m4)

The positive sign of the advance coefficient means the ahead condition and the negative sign the astern condition. The positive and negative

3 KT= T/p n2D4 KQ = Q/p n2D5 J= vA/nD 7) =JKT/27KQ

the basis of the initial pitch ratio (o =0°) as follows

Initial pitch ratio 0.4 0.6 0.8 1.0

Range of blade

installation angle (0)

-25°

-30°

-35°

40°

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signs of the thrust coefficient also mean the ahead and astern directions

respectively.

The test results of the propellers at 0 of û are summarized in Figs.

11 and 12. From these figures, the design diagrams of V B -ò type and

VB, o type for the propellers of initial pitch are obtained and shown in

Figs. 13'-16. The density of sea water was taken as 104.51 kg-sec2/m4, and the symbols in the diagrams are given as follows:

B ;

.B- ; /vJ°S/ 1/2.5

ô: ND/ VA

N:

the number of revolutions of the propeller (rpm)

V.;

the speed of advance of the propeller

(metric knot: 1852

rn/hour)

P:

the delivered horse power (PS; 75 kg-m/sec) U; the thrust horse power (PS)

D; the diameter of the propeller (m)

H;

the pitch of the propeller (m) HID; the pitch ratio of the propeller

Fig. 1316 may be used by the designers to determine the diameter, the initial pitch and the efficiency, at the stage of the initial design of the control1abe pitch propellers. Figs. 3- 10 may be used to calculate their performaices under the varius working conditions.

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-4-Fig. i General plan of the three-bladed controllable pitch propellers

PLAN OF FLANGE OF BLADE

(a) Old type

Fig. 2 Arrangement of boss

(b) New type I I T ..

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20 918 893 20.- 32'

2 5 bOo 844 28_26

3 10 905 885 3$-5w

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Fig. 3

Test results (MP. No. 979)

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Fig. 4

Test results (MP. No. 980)

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Test results (M.P. No. 981)

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