• Nie Znaleziono Wyników

"Selbstgefühl und Servilität, Studien zum unregelmässigen Numerusgebrauch im Griechischen", Henrik Zilliacus, "Societas Scientiarum Fennica, Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum", XVIII, 1953, 3 : [recenzja]

N/A
N/A
Protected

Academic year: 2021

Share ""Selbstgefühl und Servilität, Studien zum unregelmässigen Numerusgebrauch im Griechischen", Henrik Zilliacus, "Societas Scientiarum Fennica, Commentationes Humanarum Litterarum", XVIII, 1953, 3 : [recenzja]"

Copied!
3
0
0

Pełen tekst

(1)
(2)

368

JOURNAL OF PAPYROLOGY

T h i s e x c e l l e n t G r e e k a n d R o m a n e p i g r a p h y w h i c h t o a g r e a t e x t e n t c o n c e r n s t h e p a p y r o l o g y , is f o r t h e p a p y r o l o g i s t s of consi-d e r a b l e i m p o r t a n c e . I t will b e s u f f i c i e n t t o p o i n t t o t h e s e c t i o n c o n c e r n i n g c i t i z e n s h i p (108 — 1 1 6 ) i n w h i c h t h e a u t h o r discusses all p r i n t e d m a t t e r o n t h e s u b j e c t of t h e Constitutio Antoniniana a n d e x p r e s s e s t h e r e b y his o p i n i o n . T h e l i t e r a t u r e c o n c e r n i n g t h e h i g h l y c o n t r o v e r s i a l a n d still u n s e t t l e d q u e s t i o n of d o u b l e c i t i z e n s h i p is also r e v i e w e d ; cf. f u r t h e r a b o u t D u r a , p . 13; a b o u t M i c h i g a n p a p . Y I , p . 2 6 ; a b o u t t h e i n s c r i p t i o n s f r o m E g y p t , p . 2 9 ; R u s s i a n e p i g r a p h y , p . 3 0 ; e t c . e t c .

E d u a r d o Y o l t e r r a , Storia del diritto romano e storia dei diritti orientali ( E s t r a t t o d a l l a R i v i s t a i t a l i a n a p e r le scienze g i u r i d i c h e ) . I n t h i s l e c t u r e t h e a u t h o r seeks t o give a s u m m a r y a c c o u n t of t h e a c t u a l s t a t e of o u r discipline a n d i t s i m p o r t a n c e i n t h e f i e l d s of h i s t o r y a n d l a w . T h e a u t h o r a d v o c a t e s t h e n e c e s s i t y f o r a m o r e p r o f o u n d k n o w l e d g e of t h e R o m a n l a w a n d of t h e l a w s of t h e p e o p l e s w h o h a d l i v e d w i t h i n t h e c o n f i n e s of t h e I m p e r i u m R o m a n u m . H e e n d e a v o u r s t o s t r e s s t h e p e r s i s t e n c e of t h e local l a w s a l o n g w i t h t h e a p p l i c a t i o n of t h e R o m a n l a w i n t h e p r o v i n c e s b e f o r e a n d a f t e r t h e c o n s t i t u t i o n of C a r a c a l l a i s s u e d i n t h e y e a r 212 ( p . 181). U . Ε . Ρ a o 1 i, Diritto attico e diritto greco ( S c r i t t i F e r r i n i , P a v i a ,

5 7 1 —-593). n o t s e e n .

F . P r i n g s h e i m , Ausbreitung und Einfluss des griechischen Rechts (S. В . A k a d . H e i d . , 1952, n r 1). T h e a u t h o r d e a l s w i t h t h e p e c u l a r i t i e s of t h e t e x t s f r o m E g y p t w h i c h m a y s e r v e as t h e s o u r c e a n d b a s i s f o r t h e s t u d y of t h e G r e e k l a w s . H e discusses also t h e i m p o r t a n c e of t h e m a t e r i a l s d i s c o v e r e d i n o t h e r e x c a v a t i o n s like D u r a or A v r o m a n . H e s h o w s t h e rôle w h i c h t h e G r e e k f o r m s p l a y e d i n t h i s p r o c e s s . P O L I T I C A L L A W

H e n r i k Z i l l i a c u s , Selbstgefühl und Servilität, Studien zum unregelmässigen Numerusgebrauch im Griechischen (Societas Scien-t i a r u m F e n n i c a , C o m m e n Scien-t a Scien-t i o n e s H u m a n a r u m L i Scien-t Scien-t e r a r u m , X V I I I ,

(3)

SURVEY OF LITERATURE 1952—1953

369

T h e a u t h o r p r o v e s t h a t t h e so called Pluralis maiestatis a n d Pluralis reverentiae m u s t n o t b e c o n s i d e r e d as a r e s u l t of p o l i t i c a l a n d social e v o l u t i o n . T h e e a r l i e s t i n s t a n c e s of t h e Pluralis maiestatis i n t h e e x a c t s e n s e of t h i s w o r d a r e f o u n d i n t h e l e t t e r s of H e l l e -n i s t i c k i -n g s . T h i s l e t t e r - p l u r a l t h e u s e of w h i c h w a s c o -n s t a -n t l y i-nr c r e a s i n g since t h e b e g i n n i n g of t h e H e l l e n i s m t i l l t h e d a y s of B y -z a n t i n i s m , b e a r s n o m a r k of d e s p o t i s m or s e l f - e s t e e m . A s f o r t h e Pluralis maiestatis of t h e E a s t R o m a n e m p e r o r s , i t w a s n o t a H e l l e -n i s t i c l e g a c y b u t a r e s t i t u t i o -n of t h e R o m a -n p r a c t i s e .

T h e Pluralis reverentiae o c c u r s m u c h l a t e r t h a n t h e Pluralis maiestatis. T h e Pluralis maiestatis of H e l l e n i s t i c k i n g s h a d n o t g i v e n rise t o t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g Pluralis reverentiae. W e f i n d t h e f i r s t m e n t i o n of t h e l a t t e r i n t h e 4 t h c e n t u r y A . D . i n t h e c o r r e s p o n -d e n c e of t h e R o m a n i m p e r i a l c h a n c e r y . Y e t m u c h e a r l i e r a s o r t of Pluralis reverentiae c r e p t i n t o t h e G r e e k l e t t e r s t y l e . B e g i n n i n g w i t h t h e 4 t h c e n t u r y i t e x p r e s s e s a m o r e a n d m o r e s i n c e r e r e v e -r e n c e . T h e c o n n e c t i o n of t h e Plu-ralis -reve-rentiae w i t h t h e social a n d religious r e l a t i o n s is c l e a r l y o b v i o u s . T h e h i g h e s t p e r c e n t a g e of t h e u s e of Pluralis reverentiae o c c u r s i n t h e p r i v a t e l e t t e r s f r o m E g y p t , w r i t t e n i n t h e v u l g a r G r e e k l a n g u a g e .

K a t h l e e n C h r i m e s A t k i n s o n , Some Observations on Ptolemaic Rank and Titles ( A e g y p t u s X X X I I , I , 204 ff.).

F o r a b o u t f i f t y y e a r s i t h a s b e e n a n e s t a b l i s h e d o p i n i o n t h a t t h e e l a b o r a t e h i e r a r c h y of r a n k s i n P t o l e m a i c E g y p t f i r s t t o o k p l a c e d u r i n g t h e r e i g n of P t o l e m y V E p i p h a n e s ( 2 0 5 — 1 8 1 B.C.). T h e t h e o r y t h e n a d v a n c e d a n d n e v e r y e t s e r i o u s l y c h a l l e n g e d t e n d s t o s h o w t h a t t h i s i n n o v a t i o n is d u e t o t h e S y r i a c p r i n c e s s Cleo-p a t r a w h o m E Cleo-p i Cleo-p h a n e s m a r r i e d in 193 B . C . M o r e r e c e n t l y i t h a s b e e n s u g g e s t e d , t h a t t h e w h o l e h i e r a r c h y w a s i n t r o d u c e d b y t h e k i n g ' s m i n i s t e r P o l y c r a t e s of A r g o s w h o g o v e r n e d C y p r u s f r o m a b o u t 202 t o 198 B.C. T h e a u t h o r e x a m i n e s t h i s t h e o r y , c i t i n g e v i d e n c e a n d p o s i n g q u e s t i o n s w h i c h m a y l e a d t o a w i d e r dis-cussion. '

C l a i r e P r é a u x , Une source nouvelle sur V annexion de Γ Arabie par Trajan: les papyrus de Michigan 465 et 466 ( E x t r a i t des

Mélanges J o s e p h H o m b e r t , P h o i b o s , t o m e Y , 1950—1951). T h e a u t h o r c o n c e r n s h i m s e l f w i t h t h e l e t t e r s w r i t t e n b y a legio-n a r y f r o m E g y p t t o h i s f a m i l y l i v i legio-n g i legio-n t h e v i l l a g e of K a r a legio-n i s , i legio-n

Cytaty

Powiązane dokumenty

Na tym stwierdzeniu opierają swe przeświadcze­ nie, że różnice w pojmowaniu Kościoła i władzy, które obecnie wydają się nie do pokonania, z czasem zostaną

eucharistischen

The historians of the law have been investigating all that can be found in the papyri as a material of the exquisite juri- dical confrontation and all that that can explain

He thinks that the Greek law did not lay over the Egyptian one but he considers it to he possible that already in the Ptolomaic period a fusion of both the laws took place while

"Weiss, Zum römischen Recht in Aegypten nach dem Ergehen der Constitutio

In this interesting study the author puts the question whether the Sumerian, Babylonian, Assyrian and Hittite

Ryszard Górski "Русская народная драма XVIII-XX веков.. Тексты пьес и описания представлений.. do

C za rn ieck iego