T H IS P H O T O G R A P H IC R E P R IN T E D IT IO N
IS P U B L IS H E D BY
D E N N IS & CO ., IN C . (P ublishers), B uffalo, N . Y., U . S. A.
B U T T E R W O R T H & CO. (P ublishers) L T D ., Lo n d o n , E ngland
R e p rin te d by p h o to lith o in the U.S.A.
by C ushing-M alloy, In c ., o f A n n A rb o r, M ich ig a n
R E P O R T S
OF CASES R E L A T IN G TO
M A R I T I M E L A W :
C O N T A IN IN G A L L T H E
DECISIONS OF THE COURTS OF L A V AND EQUITY
I N
QTfie ©niteir BtngDmn.
E D IT E D B Y r
c ro T T zs r b r id g e a s p iit a l l ,
Ba r r i s t e r-a t- La w.
VOL. X I I . , N E W SER IES.
From 1912 to 1915.
* T E L D & Q U E E N (H O R A .C E C O X ) L T D ., “ L A W T I M E S ” O F F IC E , W IN D S O R H O U S E , B R E A M ’ S B U IL D IN G S , L O N D O N , E.C.
1 9 1 6
.
Lo n d o n:
Pr i n t e d b t t h* Fi e l d & Qu e e n ( Ho r a c e Co x) Lt d., “ La w Tim e s ” Of f i c e, Win d s o r Ho u s e, Br e a m’s Bu i l d i n g s, E .C .
omi
^ V> -
M \ \ ^ - Q
IN D E X
TO
Z T S T A L Ü V C IE S OF T S F CASES.
R E P O R T E D IN T H IS V O L U M E .
A J PAGE
steam ship Company L im ite d v. London
Assurance C orporation ... 559
■vnzrika, The ... 478, 481, 536 nglo -Am erican O il Company v. P o rt of London A u th o r ity ... 419
glo-H ellenic Steamship Company L im ite d v. Louis D reyfus and Co... 291
stey ij. Ocean M arine Insurance Company Lim ite d ... 4 0 9 ‘ Pe.Z’Ae ... 487
S[atic Petroleum Company L im ite d v. ennards C arrying Company L im ite d .. 269, 381 P ortland Cement M anufacturers l 900) L im ite d v. Ashton ... 501
torney-General o f the Commonwealth of ustralia v. Adelaide Steamship Company W anted and o th e rs ... 361
^ h u r n , T h e ... 530
e^ nc't t Steamship Company L im ite d v. H u ll ^ u tu a l Steamship P rotecting Society The ... 607
ell Brothers v. E. Clemens H o rst and Co. 1, 80 r?tln ia ’ T h e ... 237
^ m r0, The ... 3 U ,, A dom inions General Insurance Company ^ • D uder and others... 575
Ii tishJ O il and Cake M ills L im ite d v. P o rt of -London A u th o rity ... 417, 548 ^onsgrove, The ... 196
e ^n and another v. Turner, B rightm an, and l urn°ck, The ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; ; 490 UrreU and Sons v. E. Green and Co...411, 589 C^ n h a h n , The ... 455
Vh,The ... 244
C a^t'616 ^ eccan*co B rindisino ?«. Constant 186, 246 ^ le re Meccanico B rindisino v. Janson and C * 7 ...186, 246
T u ... 399
PAGE Connell and the Corporation o f T rin ity House, London, v. Law ther, L a tta and Co. and a n o th e r... 578
Crawford and another v. A lla n Line Steamship Company ... 100
Dampskebsselskabet S kjoldborg and C. K . Hansen v. Charles Calder and Co... 156
Deacon (app.) v. Quale (resp.) ... 125
Deering and Sons v. T a rg e tt... 273
Dennis and Sons L im ite d v. Cork Steamship Company L im ite d ... 337
Deutsch-Australische Dampschiffsgesellschaft v. Sturge ... 453
Devonshire, The ... 137, 210 Devonshire, The, and St. W inifred...314
Duncan, Fox v. Schrem pft and B o n k e ... 591
D unford and Co. L im ite d v. Cia Anonim a M aritim e U nion ... 32
Dupleix, The ... 122
E. Clemens H o rst and Co.?;. B id d e ll B rothers 1, 80 Elysia, The ... 198
Em biricos v. Reid and Co... 513
Enterprise, T h e .. . ... 240
Fairport, The ... 165
France Fenwick and Co. L im ite d v. P h ilip Spackman and Sons ... 289
Gabir, The ... 284
Galileo, T h e ... 461, 534 G allant v. Owners of Ship Gabir... 284
Gordon Steamship Company L im ite d v. M oxey Savon and Co. L im ite d ... 339
Groom L im ite d v. B arber ... 594
Gunford, The... 49
H a ll B rothers Steamship Company L im ite d v. R . and W- P aul L im ite d ... 543
H a ll v. H aym an ... 158
Harberton, T h e ... 342
H arrison and another (apps.) v. Dodd (resp.) . . 503
H arrow ing Steamship Company L im ite d v. W illia m Thomas and S o n s ... 261, 344 H enry v. H am m ond... 332
I V
M ARITIM E LAW OASES.
N A M E S OF CASES.
Hero, T h e ... 10, 108
H e w itt B rothers v. W ils o n ... 546
Highland Loch, T h e ... 68, 106 H utchins Brothers v. R oyal Exchange Assur ance ... 21
Ingram and R oyle L im ite d v. Services M aritim e du T re p o rt L im ite d ... 295, 387, 493 Jenkins v. Great C entral R ailw ay Com pany___ 154 Johnston Brothers v. Saxon Queen Steamship Company ...'... 305
Joseph M erryw eather and Co. L im ite d v. W illia m Pearson and Co... 540
Joseph Travers and Sons L im ite d v. Cooper 444, 561 J ones v. Mersey Docks and H arbour B o a rd ___ 335 K acianoff and Co. v. China Traders’ Insurance Company L im ite d ... 395, 524 Kanawha, T h e ... 317
Kennet, T h e ... 12q K in g Alfred, T h e ... 401
Kingsland, The ... 3§
K ish and another v. T a ylo r, Sons, and Co...217
Landauer and Co. v. Craven and Speeding B rothers ... Langham Steamship Company L im ite d v. James G allaher... Lee v. Owner o f Ship Bessie ... Llanelly, The ... London, T h e ... London and and N orthern Steamship Company L im ite d v. C entral A rgentine R ailw ay L im ite d ... L u ckw ill v. Auchen Steamship Company L im ite d ... 182 109 89 485 405 303 286 I Ophelia, T h e ... Owners o f The Frances v. Owners o f The H igh land Loch ... 106
Owners o f The Hero v. Lords Commissioners of the A d m ira lty ... lo g Owners o f the Ship Swansea Vale v. R ic e ... 47
Owners o f the Steamship Devonshire v. Owners o f Barge Leslie and o th e rs ... 210-
Pacuare, The... 222
Paganotis v. Owners o f Ship Pontiac... 92
Perlceo, The ... 600
P olurrian Steamship Company L im ite d v. Young ... 440
P o rt o f London A u th o rity v. Cairn Line of Steamships L im ite d ... 293
President Lincoln, The... ... 41
Princess M arie Jose... ... 360
Produce Brokers’ Company L im ite d v. Furness, W ith y , and Co. L im ite d ... I 8g P roperty Insurance Company L im ite d v. N ational P rotector Insurance Company L im ite d ... 287
Pyman Steamship Company L im ite d v. H u ll and B arnsley R ailw ay Company L im ite d : The M arm ion ... 511
Ragnhild, The ... 44
Reliance Insurance Company v. D u d e r. . . . 95, 223 Rigel, T h e ... 192
Robinson and Co. v. C ontinental Insurance Company o f Mannheim ... 574
Rosalia, T h e ... 166
R yan v. Oceanic Steam N avigation Company L im ite d ; O’Connell v. sam e; Scanlon v. same ; O’B rien v. same ; The T ita n ic ... 466
Manchester Ship Canal v. H o rlo c k ... 516
M arie Olaeser, The ... 601
M arm ion, T h e ... g il M artmeans L im ite d v. R oyal M a il Steam Packet Company L im ite d ... 190
Mawson Shipping Company v. Beyer ... 423
Mayhew v. T r ip p ... gpg Meade K in g , Robinson, and Co. v. Jacobs and Co. and o th e rs ... M endl and Co. v. Ropner and Co... Monica, T h e ... Moss Steamship Company v. W hinney Neate (app.) v. W ilson (resp.)... New Zealand Shipping Company L im ite d v. ■ D u k e ... 507
Nicolay Belo'-wetow, T h e ... 279
N o rth fie ld Steamship Company L im ite d v. Compagnie l ’U nion Des Gaz ... 87
Okehampton, T h e ... 428
Olympic, The... 318, 580 O lm ypia O il and Cake Company L im ite d (apps.) v. Produce Brokers Company L im ite d (resps.) ... g7 i Sandeman and Sons v. Tyzack and B ranfoot Steamship Company L im ite d ... 437
Sargasso, The ... 202
Sassoon and Co. v. W estern Assurance Company 206 S cottish N a tio n al Insurance Company L im ite d v. P o o le ... 266
S cottish Shire Line L im ite d and others v. London and P rovincial M arine and General Insurance Company L im ite d ... 253
Seacomhe, The ... 142
Smeed, Dean, and Co. L im ite d v. P o rt o f London A u th o rity ... 213, 297 Societa Anonim a Ungherese d i A rm am enti M a rittim o v. H am burg South Am erican Steamship Company ... 228
Southern M arine M u tu a l Insurance Association v. G unford Ship C o m p a n y... 49
South Wales and Liverpool Steamship Company L im ite d ; N e v ill’s Dock and R ailw ay Company L im ite d v. M aattschappij Steam ship Bestexaer, R o tte rd a m ... 328
St. W inifred, T h e ... 314 Steamship Den o f A irlie Company L im ite d v.
M its u i and Co. L im ite d and B ritis h O il and Cake M ills L im ite d ... 97, 169
MARITIME LAW CASES. v
NAMES OE CASES.
PAGE
S to tt (B a ltic ) Steamers L im ite d v. M arten and others ... 414, 555 S treet v. R oyal Exchange Assurance.. . . 356, 496
Tempus, The... 396
Thames and Mersey M arine Insurance Company v. G unford Ship C om pany... 49
Thames and Mersey M arine Insurance Company v. Societa D i Navigazione a Vapore Del L lo yd A ustriaco ... 491
The Owners o f the Steamship Olympic v. Com mander W illia m F. B lu n t; Owners of the Steamship Olympic v. Commissioners fo r E xecuting the Office o f the L o rd H ig h A dm iral of the U nited K ingdom ... 580
Thomas and Sons v. H arrow ing Steamship Company ... 532
Thomas and Co. v. Portsea Steamship Company 23 Thompson v. H . and W . Nelson L im ite d ... 351
Titanic, T h e ... 466
Tongariro, T h e ... 235
Umona, T h e ...- ... 527
ümsinga, The ... 174
üpcerne, The ... 281
Vickerson (app.) v. Crowe (resp.) ... 446
PAGE V in ce n te lli and Co. v. John R o w le tt and Co. .. 34
V irg in ia Carolina Chemical Company v. N o rfo lk and N o rth Am erican Steam Shipping Com pany L im ite d ... 82, 233 W atson Steamship Company L im ite d v. M erry- weather and Co... 353
Weeks (app.) v. Ross (resp.) ... 307
Westcoclc, The ... 57
W estern Steamship Company L im ite d v. A m aral Sutherland and Co. L im ite d . . . . 358, 493 W hinney v. Moss Steamship C om pany... .... 25
W hite v. W illiam s ... 208
W iles and Co. L im ite d v. Ocean Steamship Company L im ite d ... 277
W illia m France Fenw ick and Co L im ite d v. M erchants M arine Insurance Company L im ite d ... 544
W illia m P ickersgill and Sons L im ite d v. London and P rovincial Insurance Company L im ite d and Ocean M arine Insurance Com pany L im ite d ... 263
W ells and Sons (apps.) v. M cSherry and others (resps.) ... 426
W ilson and Sons v. Owners of Cargo ex Galileo ... 534 W im ble v. Rosenberg... 275, 373
S U B J E C T S OF C A S E S
A C C I D E N T . See Seam en, N os. 1, 2.
A C C O U N T . See S ta tu te o f L im ita tio n s .
“ A C T I O S I N R E M . ” See C o llis io n , N o . 16— P ra c tic e , N o . 3.
A C T IO N O N P O L IC Y . See M a r in e In s u ra n c e , N o . 29.
“ A C T U A L F A U L T O R P R I V I T Y . ” See C a rria g e o f .Goods, N os. 6, 20, 30, 35.
A D M I R A L T Y C O U R T A C T 1861.
See C o llis io n , N o . 16— P ra c tic e , N o . 7.
A D M I S S I O N O F L I A B I L I T Y . See P ra c tic e , N o . 4.
A F F I D A V I T . See P riz e , N os. 1, 3.
a g r e e d r a t e. See C a rr ia g e o f Goods, N o . 44.
A L I E N E N E M Y .
See P riz e , N os. 1, 3— M a r in e In s u ra n c e , N o . 29.
“ A L L R I S K S . ” See M a r in e In s u ra n c e , N o . 2.
A L T E R N A T I V E D E F E N C E S . See P ra c tic e , N o . 8.
A P P E A L A G A I N S T F I N D I N G O F U M P I R E . See C a rr ia g e Goods, N o . 51.
A P P E A R A N C E .
See M a r in e In s u ra n c e , N o . 29— P riz e , Noe. 1, 3.
A P P E A R A N C E B Y F O R E IG N D E F E N D A N T S . See P ra c tic e , N o . 3.
A P P R O P R IA T IO N . See S ale o f Goods, N o . 7.
A R B I T R A T I O N A C T 1889
See C a rria g e o f Goods, N cs. 10, 15)—P ra c tic e , N o . 7.
A R B I T R A T I O N C L A U S E See C a rria g e o f Goods, N o . 2.
A R R E S T . See P ra c tic e , N o . 7.
A R T IC L E S . See Seam.an, N o . 7.
A R T I C L E S N O T A P P L I C A B L E . See P riz e , N o . 2.
A S S IG N M E N T . See C a rria g e o f Goods, N o . 10.
A U S T R A L I A N I N D U S T R I E S P R E S E R V A T I O N A C T 1906.
See R e s tr a in t o f T ra d e . B A I L .
See C o llis io n , N o . 21— P ra c tic e ,, N o . 3.
B A I L E E .
See R e g is tr a r .a n d M e rc h a n ts , N o . 2.
B A L D W I N P O IN T . See C o llis io n , N o . 7.
B A L L A S T . See C o llis io n , N o . 8.
B A R G E .
See P o r t o f L o n d o n , N os. 1, 3.
B E N E F I T O F C O M P R O M IS E . See M a r in e In s u ra n c e , N o . 29.
B E R T H . See D ocks.
B I L L O F L A D I N G .
See C a rr ia g e o f Goods, N os. 1, 2, 6, 7, 9. 10, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 21, 22, 29, 30, 36, 39, 4ft—S ale o f Goods, N o . 5.
B I L L O F L A D I N G F R E I G H T . See R e g is tr a r a n d M e rc h a n ts , N o . 2.
B I L L O F S A L E . See S p e c ific P e rfo rm a n c e .
B O A R D O F T R A D E . See N e g lig e n c e .
B O A R D O F T R A D E C E R T I F I C A T E . P assenger steam ei— M o to r-b o a t— “ Vessel used in
n a v ig a tio n N — H y sect. 271 o f th e M e rc h a n t S h ip p in g A c t 1894 (57 & 58 V ie t. c. 60) i t is enacted ( in te r a l i a ) : “ E v e r y passenger stea m er w h ic h c a rrie s m o re th a n tw e lv e passengers s h a ll . . . n o t p ly o r proceed to sea oar on an y vo ya g e o r e x c u rs io n w it h a n y passengers o n b o a rd unless th e o w n e r o r m a s te r has th e c e r tific a te f r o m th e B o a r d o f T r a d e as to s u rv e y u n d e r th is p a r t o f th is A c t, th e sam e b e in g in fo rc e and a p p lic a b le t o tire vo ya g e o r e xc u rs io n o n w h ic h th e ste a m e r is a b o u t t o p ro ce e d .” B y sect. 267 o f th e same A c t “ passenger s te a m e r” s h a ll m e an “ e v e ry B r it is h ste a m sh ip c a r r y in g passen
gers to , fro m , o r be tw een a n y places i n th e U n ite d K in g d o m .” B y sect. 742, “ ‘ s h i p ’ i n clude s e ve ry d e s c rip tio n o f vessel used in n a v i
g a tio n n o t p r o p e lle d b y o a rs.” ^ B y sect. 743,
“ a n y p ro v is io n s o f th is A c t a p p ly in g to steam ers o r steam ships s h a ll a p p ly to ships p ro p e lle d b y e le c t r ic ity o r othiefr m e c h a n ic a l pow eg.” T h e I p e n a lty f o r th e c o n tra v e n tio n o f th e above-
MARITIME LAW CASES.
viii
SUBJECTS 0E CASES.
nam ed p ro v is io n is c o n ta in e d in sect. 21 o f th e M e rc h a n t S h ip p in g A c t 1906 (6 E d w . 7, c. 48).
T h e re s p o n d e n t R . ^ used tw o p a tro l-d riv e n m o to r-b o a ts f o r c a r r y in g passengers, exce eding tw e lv e in n u m b e r, on tw o 'Specified days o n the r iv e r E xe, and in to a n d a lo n g th e E x e te r C ana l, w ith o u t h a v in g o b ta in e d a c e r tific a te o f s u rve y fr o m th e B o a rd o f T ra d e u n d e r sect. 271 o f th e M e rc h a n t S h ip p in g A c t 1894. T h e c a n a l is con
nected w it h th e sea b y means o f locks, and is used b y se a g o in g ships f o r th e p u rp o se o f g e ttin g to a n d fr o m E x e te r, b u t th e m o to r-b o a ts d id n o t proceed to sea, n o r d id th e y go beyond n o n -tid a l w a te rs. H e ld , re v e rs in g th e de cision o f th e ju stice s, th a t th e m o to r-b o a ts w e re passenger stea m ers w it h in th e m e a n in g o f th e A c t, t h a t th e y w e re used fo r c a r r y in g passengers on a n excu rsion, an d th a t th e y w e re used “ in n a v ig a tio n ,” an d th a t, a lth o u g h th e y d id n o t proceed to sea, a c e rtific a te o f th e B o a rd o f T ra d e was re q u ire d to be h e ld b y th e o w n e r o r
^ si e r-m M a y ° r y o f S o u th p o rt v. M o rris s (68- l ' JT ' 221) ; (18933 1 Q. B . 359) d is tin - p ia h e d . (K . B . D i r . C t.) W eeks (a pp.) v. Ross (resP d ...
B O T H T O B L A M E .
See C o llis io n , N os. 6, 10, 19— T u g a n d T o w , N o s 2 3, 4.
B O U N T Y O F C R O W N . See P r iz e , N o . 3.
B O W C R E E K . See C o llis io n , N o . 7.
B U N K E R S . See C o llis io n , N o . 8.
B U N K E R C O A T S . See C o llis io n , N o . 17.
B U O Y . See C o llis io n , N o . 18.
C A N C E L L A T I O N . See C a rr ia g e o f Goods, N o . 42.
C A P T U R E .
See C a rria g e o f Goods, N o . h i—P riz e , N o s 1, 2, 4.
C A P T U R E O N H I G H S E A S See P riz e , N os. 2, 3.
C A R R IA G E O F G O O D S .
L l L l^ n 9— U e n l o r u n p a id fr e ig h t due fr o m lim ite d C o m p a n y - S h ip m e n t b y re c e iv e r.—
c o m p a n y h a d f o r m a n y yea rs sh ip p e d +t h ' u aPPe lk u ?t s ¡m e o f steam ers to c o n t a i n ^ tS a,b ro a d " n .d e r a b i l l o f la d in g w h ic h co n ta in e d a clause g iv in g th e sh ip o w n e rs a lie n SSder w i l “ °f ° n ly fo r f i ei§h t due there- o S o h t l i r Pre ™ >nsly u n sa tisfie d T h l S h f r ° m th o .s lu PPors o r th e consignees.
T h e co m p a n y g o t in to d iffic u ltie s , a n d th e h6? ^ 611^ aPP?ln te d re c e iv e r, a n d he sh ip p e d goods b y a s h ip o f th e a p p e U in ts to t h t
■agents a b ro a d , w it h in s tru c tio n s to “ d e liv e r as panv^’ bvaT nF ‘ V ™ » W ^ ^ f u l l y ‘ th e C om - TF 7 j3y A ' R e c e iv e r a n d M a n a g e r ” M n v ad^ ' eSS f ° r de U ve ry w as to th e com -
° f t h j ai en*®-, T h e a p p e lla n ts in - fo rm e d th e re sp o n d e n t o f th e a m o u n t o f f r e ig h t
m c l°,sed a b l i l Pf la d in g i n th e sam e fo r m as th a t used o n p re v io u s s h ip m e n ts b y th e oom-
£ “ y - ° “ . th e a r r ?.v a l ,o f th « goods, th e sh ip -
°,la im ®d a Ije n respect o f u n s a tis fie d f r e ig h t d u e fr o m th e co m p a n y o n sh ip m e n ts b e fo re th e a p p o in tm e n t o f th e re ce ive r. H e ld th a t th e y w e re n o t e n title d t o d o so. J u d g m e n t o f th e C o u rt o f A p p e a l a ffirm e d , L o rd s S h a w
a n d M e rs e y d is s e n tin g . { I I . o f L .) M oss S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y v. W h in n e y ... 25 2. C h a r te r- p a r ty — A r b it r a t io n clause— B i l l o f la d
in g In c o r p o r a tio n .— Goods w e re sh ip p e d u n d e r a c h a r te r - p a r ty w h ic h c o n ta in e d an a r b itr a t io n clause b y w h ic h “ a n y d is p u te o r c la im a r is in g o u t o f a n y o f th e c o n d itio n s o f th is c h a rte r- p a r ty s h a ll be a d ju s te d iat th e p o r t w h e re i t occurs, an d th e sam e s h a ll be se ttle d b y a r b it r a tio n .” A b i l l o f la d in g w as g iv e n to th e s h ip p e r w h ic h p ro v id e d th a t fr e ig h t sh o u ld be p a id “ fo r th e s a id goods, w it h o th e r c o n d itio n s as pe r c h a r te r ,” a n d i n th e m a r g in w as w r itte n in in k ,
“ D e ck lo a d a t s h ip p e r’s ris k , a n d a l l o th e r te rm s a n d c o n d itio n s and exce p tio n s o f c h a rte r to be as p e r c h a rte r -p a r ty , in c lu d in g ne g lig e n ce clause .” T h e s h ip o w n e rs h a v in g sued th e b i l l o f la d in g h o ld e rs fo r d e m u rra g e a t th e p o r t o f d is c h a rg e : H e ld , th a t th e a r b itr a t io n clause in th e c h a r te r - p a r ty w as n o t in c o r p o r a te d in the b i l l o f la d in g so as to m a k e i t a p p lic a b le to th is d isp u te , i t b e in g o n ly in te n d e d t o a p p ly to th e m e th o d o f s e ttlin g d isp u te s be tw een th e p a rtie s to th e c h a rte r -p a r ty a r is in g o u t o f its c o n d itio n s , a n d n o t to d is p u te s a r is in g o u t o f th e b i l l o f la d in g . J u d g m e n t o f th e c o u rt b e lo w a ffirm e d . H a m ilt o n v. M a c k ie (5 T im e s L . R e p . 677) a p p ro v e d an d fo llo w e d . (H . o f L .) Thdm as an d Co. v. P o rts e a S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y ... 23 3. C o n s tru c tio n — “ F o r s ix o r seven {in c h a rte re rs ’
o p tio n ) consecutive voyages d u r in g 1910.” — A c h a r te r - p a r ty c o n ta in e d th e fo llo w in g c la u s e :
“ T h is c h a r te r to r e m a in in fo rc e f o r s ix o r seven (in c h a rte re rs ’ o p tio n ) con seoutive voyages d u r in g 1910.” O n th e 3 rd J a n . 1910 th e sh ip w as re a d y to re c e iv e o a rgo a t N e w ca stle , b u t th e c h a rte re rs w e re u n a b le to lo a d h e r i n conse
quence o f a s tr ik e w h ic h la ste d t i l l th e 11th J a n . T h e s h ip c o n se q u e n tly w e n t o n a vo ya g e to I t a l y f o r o th e r c h a rte re rs w it h a c a rg o o f coa l fr o m S o u th W ales, th e le a rn e d ju d g e fin d in g th a t th is w as reasonable. She d id n o t a r r iv e h o m e fr o m h e r s ix th vo ya g e t i l l th e 6t h Ja n . 1911, w h e n th e c h a rte re rs p u rp o r te d to exercise t h e ir o p tio n to lo a d h e r f o r a seve nth voyage.
H e ld , on th e t r u e c o n s tru c tio n o f th e c h a rte r- p a r ty , t h a t th e w o rd s “ d u r in g 1910” w ere w o rd s o f d e s c rip tio n a n d p r o te c tio n f o r b o th p a rtie s , th e one b e in g o n ly b o u n d to re ceive cargo, a n d th e o th e r o n ly b o u n d t o s u p p ly th e s h ip d u r in g 1910, a n d t h a t th e re fo re th e ch a rte re rs^ w e re n o t e n title d to exercise th e o p tio n c la im e d . P o p e v. B a v id g e (1854) 10 E x 73) n o t fo llo w e d . (S c ru tto n , J .) D u n fo r d a n d Co. L im it e d v. C ia A n o n im a M a r it im a U n io n ... 32 4. D e m u rra g e — D e liv e r y a c c o rd in g to custom o f
p o r t D is c h a rg e by p o r t a u th o r it y — D e la y be yo n d c o n tro l o f c h a rte re r.— T h e p la in tiffs e n te re d in to ia c h a rte r -p a r ty w it h th e d e fend ants b y w h ic h th e y u n d e rto o k to send t h e ir ste a m sh ip to a p o r t in F in la n d t o be lo a d e d w it h p it p ro p s a n d to d e liv e r th e m a t Swansea. I t was a te r m o f th e c h a r te r - p a r ty t h a t th e c a rg o sh o u ld be d isch a rg e d as fa s t as th e ste a m sh ip c o u ld d e liv e r d u r in g th e o r d in a r y w o r k in g h o u rs o f th e p o rt, b u t a c c o rd in g to th e custom th e re o f, and, sh o u ld th e ste a m sh ip be d e ta in e d b e yo n d th e tim e s tip u la te d as above, d e m u rra g e sh o u ld be p a id a t 4d. p e r n e t re g is te re d to n p e r d a y, an d p r o r a ta f o r an y p a r t th e re o f. T h e c h a rte r -p a r ty f u r t h e r p r o v id e d t h a t th e d is c h a rg e was to be e ffe cte d b y th e re c e iv e rs ’ steve
dore, th e s te a m sh ip p a y in g so m u ch p e r fa th o m . I n a C o u n ty C o u r t a c tio n b r o u g h t b y th e s h ip ow ners a g a in s t th e c h a rte re rs f o r d e m u rra g e th e re w as e vide nce an d i t w as fo u n d th a t th e re w as a cu sto m in Sw ansea th a t d is c h a rg e o f p it p ro p s was to be done b y th e h a rb o u r a u th o r it y a n d n o t b y a n y steve dore to be na m e d by th e re ce ive rs o f th e ca rg o . Som e d e la y o c c u rre d in j p aIrg e - r- ^ e jttu g e ga ve ju d g m e n t f o r tn e d e fe n d a n ts, th e c h a rte re rs , o n th e g ro u n d
MARITIME LAW CASES.
IXS U B JE C T S OF CASES.
PAGE th a t as no tim e w as fix e d fo r th e d isch a rg e , and as th e d is c h a rg e w as, a c c o rd in g to th e p ra c tic e o f th e p o rt, in th e ha nds o f th e h a rb o u r a u th o r it y , th e c h a rte re rs w e re n o t lia b le fo r th e d e la y, th o u g h th e re was in fa c t a d e la y o f th re e days, w h ic h w o u ld h a v e e n title d th e p la in tiffs to 901., caused b y th e ne g lig e n ce o f th e h a rb o u r a u th o r ity . T h e s h ip o w n e rs a p p e a le d . H e ld (a ffirm in g th e de cisio n o f th e C o u n ty C o u rt ju d g e ), t h a t th e c h a rte re rs w e re n o t lia b le f o r th e d e la y , f o r th e p o r t a u th o r it y , w ho d is c h a rg e d th e vessel, w e re n o t t h e ir se rva n ts o r agents to e ffe ct th e d isch a rg e , a n d th e d e la y w as due to circum stance s beyond t h e ir c o n tro l.
W e ir v. R ic h a rd s o n (3 C om . Cas. 20) a p p ro v e d . (A d m . D iv . C t.) T h e K in g s la n d ... 38 5. T im e c h a r t e r — E x c e p tio n s — S t r ik e s — A s h ip
w as c h a rte re d u n d e r a tim e c h a rte r w h ic h co n ta in e d th e fo llo w in g c la u s e : “ M u tu a l exce p
tio n s : T h e ow ners a n d c h a rte re rs s h a ll be m u tu a lly absolved fr o m l i a b i l i t y in c a r r y in g o u t th is c o n tra c t in so f a r as th e y m a y be h in d e re d o r p re v e n te d b y ” { in te r a lia ) “ s trik e s .” T h e c h a rte re rs in good fa it h , in th e o r d in a r y course o f tra d e , sent th e s h ip to lo a d a c a rg o o f coa l a t a p o r t w h e re to th e ir k n o w le d g e th e re was a s tr ik e a t th e c o llie rie s . T h e s h ip c o u ld ha ve been e m p lo y e d in o th e r w ays, b u t w as re ta in e d b y th e c h a rte re rs w it h in th e a re a o f th e s trik e . I n consequence o f th e s tr ik e she w as d e la y e d fo r some tim e in o b ta in in g a cargo. H e ld , th a t th e c h a rte re rs w e re lia b le to p a y th e ag reed h ir e f o r th e p e rio d o f such d e la y. J u d g m e n t o f th e C o u r t o f A p p e a l a ffirm e d . (H . o f L .) B ro w n a n d A n o th e r v. T u r n e r B r ig h t m a n a n d C o... 79 6. Loss by fir e — U nsea w orth iness— A c tu a l f a u lt o r
p r iv i t y — M .S .A . 1894, S. 502.— T h e o w n e r o f a B r it is h sea -goin g s h ip is e xe m p te d b y sect. 502 o f th e M e rc h a n t S h ip p in g A c t 1894 fr o m l i a b i l i t y f o r loss o r da m a g e b y reason o f fire on b o a rd th e s h ip w h e re th e loss o r da m age happens w ith o u t h is a c tu a l f a u lt o r p r iv i t y . A b i l l o f la d in g c o n ta in e d a clause p r o v id in g t h a t th e s h ip o w n e r was n o t re sp o n sib le f o r a n y loss o f o r d a m a g e to th e goods re ceived f o r c a rria g e occa
sioned b y . . . fir e o r un seaw orthine ss, p r o v id e d a ll re asonable means h a d been ta k e n to p ro v id e a g a in s t such u n seaw orthine ss. H e ld , b y th e C o u r t o f A p p e a l, t h a t a s h ip o w n e r is n o t d e p riv e d o f th e p r o te c tio n o f sect. 502 m e re ly because th e fir e is caused b y un seaw orthiness, b u t th a t th e o p e ra tio n o f th e se ctio n m a y be ousted b y sp e cia l c o n tra c t a n d th e ow ners be lia b le w h e re a b re a ch o f th e w a r r a n tv o f sea
w o rth in e s s is p ro v e d . D e c is io n o f B ra y , J . a ffirm e d . (C t. o f A p p .) V ir g in ia C a ro lin a C h e m ic a l C o m p a n y v. N o r f o lk a n d N o r t h A m e ric a n S te a m S h ip p in g C o m p a n y L im it e d ... 82 7. B i l l o f la d in g — R a ilw a y A cts.— 'The p ro v is io n s
o f th e R a ilw a y and C a n a l T r a ffic A c t 1854 a re exte n d e d b y sectio n 31 o f th e R a ilw a y s Clauses A c t 1863 to th e steam vessels o f a ra ilw a y c o m p a n y a n d to th e tr a ffic c a rrie d on th e re b y . T h e re fo re a ra ilw a y co m p a n y , whose p r iv a te A c t in c o rp o ra te s th e R a ilw a y s Clauses A c t 1863, is n o t p ro te c te d b y a c o n d itio n in a b i l l o f la d in g in respect o f goods c a rrie d b y th e m b y sea o n ly th a t th e y sh a ll n o t be lia b le f o r th e n e g lig e n ce o f th e m a s te r o r m a rin e rs n a v ig a tin g t h e ir steam vessels, as such a c o n d itio n is n o t reasonable.
(C o le rid g e , J .) J e n k in s v. G re a t C e n tra l R a il
w a y C o m p a n y ... 134 8. B i l l o f la d in g — T h ro u g h c a rria g e — L i a b i l it y o f
s h ip o w n e r f o r da m a g e — Onus o f p r o o f.— Goods w e re d is p a tc h e d fr o m M in n e a p o lis to G lasg ow , v id N e w Y o r k , u n d e r a th r o u g h b i l l o f la d in g w h ic h co ve red th e w h o le t r a n s it b o th b y la n d and w a te r c a rrie rs . T h e b i l l o f la d in g was signe d b y a n a g e n t re p re s e n tin g b o th th e in la n d c a rrie rs and th e sh ip o w n e rs “ o n b e h a lf o f c a r rie rs s e v e ra lly , b u t n o t j o i n t l y , ” and co n ta in e d clauses th a t th e 'goods w e re “ re ce ive d in
PAGE a p p a re n t good o r d e r e xce p t as n o te d ,” a n d th a t
“ n o c a r r ie r s h a ll be lia b le fo r loss o r dam age n o t o o o u rrin g on h is o w n ro a d o r h is o w n p o r t io n o f th e s tr a ig h t ro u te , n o r a f t e r th e p r o p e r ty is re a d y f o r d e liv e r y to th e n e x t c a r r ie r o r co n sig n e e .” T h e re c e ip t g iv e n a t N e w Y o r k b y th e re spond ents— th e s h ip o w n e rs— to th e in la n d c a r r ie r s ta te d th a t a s m a ll q u a n tity o f th e t o t a l s h ip m e n t w as d a m age d. On d is c h a rg e fr o m th e re sp o n d e n ts’ vessel a t G la sg o w a m u c h la rg e r q u a n tity was fo u n d to ha ve s im ila r da m age . T h e re was e vide nce to show th a t a t N e w Y o r k th e goods w e re h u r r ie d ly sh ip p e d w ith o u t ade
q u a te e x a m in a tio n as to th e c o n d itio n o f d e liv e ry fr o m th e in la n d c a r r ie r , a n d th e re was a lso som e e vide nce th a t d u r in g th e s h ip m e n t at N e w Y o r k r a in h a d fa lle n w h ic h m ig h t h a ve caused th e dam age. H e ld , th a t th e sh ipo w ners w e re lia b le f o r th e w h o le loss e xce p t t h a t n o tifie d t o th e in la n d c a r rie rs a t N e w Y o r k . B y L o r d S h a w : T h e p r in c ip a l o f The P e te r d e r Qrosse (3 A sp . M a r . L a w Cas. 195 (1876); 1 P . D iv . 414;
34 L . T . R e p . 749) as to onus o f p r o o f a p p ro v e d . J u d g m e n t o f th e C o u rt o f Session re versed and d e cisio n o f th e L o r d O r d in a r y re sto re d . (H . o f L .) C r a w fo r d a n d A n o th e r v. A lla n L in e S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y ... 100 9. C h a r te r- p a r ty — D e la y — In a c c e s s ib ility — S trik e s
——E ju s d e m generis.— A ste a m e r was cha rtered^ to p ro c e e d to na m e d p o rts o rd e re d o n s ig n in g b ills o f la d in g a n d th e re d e liv e r h e r c a rg o a lo n g sid e a n y w h a r f a n d (or) vessel a n d (o r) c r a f t as o rd e re d . T h e ca rg o was to be ta k e n fr o m a lo n g s id e b y th e consignees a t th e p o r t o f d is c h a rg e a t a spe cifie d ra te , “ p r o v id e d ste a m e r ca n d e liv e r i t a t th is ra te .” I f lo n g e r d e ta in e d th e consignees w e re to p a y ste a m e r d e m u rra g e a t spe cifie d ra te . “ T im e to com m ence w h e n s te a m e r is re a d y to u n lo a d a n d w r it t e n n o tic e g iv e n , w h e th e r i n b e r th o r n o t. . . . I n case o f s trik e s , lo c k -o u ts , c i v i l co m m o tio n s, o r a n y o th e r causes o r a ccid e n ts b e yo n d th e c o n tro l o f th e consignees w h ic h p re v e n t o r d e la y th e d is c h a rg in g , such tim e is n o t to oo unt unless th e s te a m e r is a lre a d y o n d e m u rra g e .” O n th e a r r iv a l o f th e stea m er a t one o f th e n a m e d p o rts o n th e 20th S ept, i t w as fo u n d th a t a ll th e b e rth s a lo n g s id e th e w h a r f w e re o ccu p ie d b y o th e r vessels a n d th e ste a m e r oo u ld n o t g e t to a b e rth a lo n g s id e th e w h a r f u n t i l th e 25th S ept. B y *a r e g u la tio n th e s h o re la b o u re rs w o u ld n o t d is c h a rg e vessels u n t i l th e y w e re in. a b e r th a lo n g s id e a w h a r f ; a n d c a rg o was b r o u g h t to th e r a il b y th e m , th e s h ip ’ s c re w n o t b e in g e m p lo y e d . H e ld , firs t, th a t th e p a rtie s m u s t be assum ed to k n o w th e re g u la tio n s a t th e p o rt, a n d tim e com m enced n o t w h e n u n lo a d in g i n fa c t began, b u t w h e n th e ste a m e r w as re a d y to u n lo a d , “ w h e th e r i n b e rth o r n o t.” H e ld , secondly, th a t th e w o rd s “ p r o v id e d th e s te a m e r ca n d e liv e r ” h a d n o b e a rin g o n th e case, as th e y w e re o n ly con cerne d w it h th e m e c h a n ic a l fa c ilitie s o f th e ste a m e r f o r d e liv e ry . H e ld , t h ir d ly , th a t d e la y occasioned n o t b y a s tr ik e o r b y a n y th in g a n alogo us th e re to , b u t b y a re g u la t io n o f th e shore labo ure rs^ o f th e p o rt, d id n o t f a l l w it h in th e e x c e p tio n in re spect o f strik e s ,
&c. D e c is io n o f H a m ilto n , J . a ffirm e d . ( H a m ilto n , J .) N o r t h fie ld S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y L im it e d v. C o m p a g n ie V U n io n des Gaz ... 81 10. B ills o f la d in g — A ss ig n m e n t— Cessor o f lia
b i l i t y — A r b it r a t io n A c t 1889 (52 & 53 V ie t. c. 49), 5. 6.— T h e p la in tiffs , o w ne rs o f th e s te a m sh ip D e n o f M a in s , c h a rte re d h e r b y c h a rte r -p a r ty d a te d th e 26 th A p r i l 1911 to th e d e fe n d a n ts M . a n d Co., to lo a d a c a rg o o f beans a t V la d iv o - etock, a n d to proceed to a p o r t in th e U n ite d K in g d o m an d th e re d e liv e r th e c a rg o “ a g re e a b ly to b ills o f la d in g .” O n th e 10th J u n e a c a rg o o f a b o u t 6000 ton s w as lo a d e d , an d b ills o f la d in g m a de o u t to th e o r d e r o f th e d e fe n d a n ts o r th e ir assigns w e re sig n e d b y th e m a s te r and h a n d e d to th e d e fe n d a n ts ’ re p re s e n ta tiv e . T h e y
X
MARITIME LAW CASES.
SUBJECTS 0 ? CASES.
PA G E J h a d , b y a c o n tra c t d a te d th e 27th A p r i l 1911, sold th e ca rg o to th e o th e r d e fe n d a n ts th e B . C om D any on th e te rm s o f a “ basis d e liv e re d ” c o n tra c t, b y clause 10 o f w h ic h the c o n tra c t was to be v o id as regarded, a n y p o r tio n sh ip p e d w h ic h m ig h t n o t a r riv e . O n th e 12th J u n e th e d e fe n d a n ts M . a n d Co., u n d e r th e con
tr a c t o f th e $7th A p r i l , d e cla re d to th e B . C o m p a n y th a t th e beans h a d been sh ip p e d b y ste a m s h ip D e n o f M a in s . O n a r r iv a l o f th e vessel a t L iv e r p o o l, th e p o r t o f d isch a rg e , M . a n d Co.
ha n d e d to th e B . C o m p a n y th e b ills o f la d in g in d o rs e d a g a in s t a p a y m e n t. W h e n th e d is c h a rg e h a d been co m p le te d i t was a lle g e d t h a t th e re was a s h o rta g e o f 171 bags, and, th e B . C o m p a n y h a v in g p a id o n ly in respect o f th e q u a n tity a c tu a lly d e liv e re d , M . an d Co.
in s tru c te d th e m t o m a k e a c o rre s p o n d in g de d u c
tio n fr o m th e fr e ig h t, b u t th e p la in t if f s re fused to a ckn o w le d g e th e c la im f o r s h o rt d e liv e ry . A d is p u te h a v in g th u s a rise n, M . a n d Co. ' g a v e n o tic e t h a t th e y de m and ed an a r b itr a t io n u n d e r a clause i n th e c h a rte r -p a r ty w h ic h p ro v id e d fo r a r b it r a t io n “ b y a r b itra to rs , one to be ap p o in te d i b y each o f th e p a rtie s t o th is a g re e m e n t, i f necessary th e a r b itr a t o r s t o a p p o in t a t h i r d , ” a n d fo r m a lly re q u ire d th e p la in tiffs w it h in seven c le a r days to a p p o in t t h e ir a r b itr a t o r . T h e p la in tiffs d id n o t a p p o in t an a r b it r a t o r , and th e d e fe n d a n ts a ft e r th e e x p ir y o f th e seven days ga ve n o tio e o f th e a p p o in tm e n t o f a g e n tle m a n to a c t as sole a r b itr a t o r . O n a sum m ons f o r d ire c tio n ta k e n o u t b y th e p la in t if f s : H e ld , (1) th a t th e re was n o th in g in th e o o n tra c t o r th e circu m sta n ce s o f th e case to s a tis fy th e c o u rt th a t i t w as th e in te n tio n o f th e sh ip o w n e rs an d c h a rte re rs t h a t th e r e s p o n s ib ility o f th e fo r m e r u n d e r th e c h a r te r - p a r ty h a d ceased ; a n d (2) th a t th e su b m issio n to a r b it r a t io n cam e w it h in sect. 6 o f th e A r b it r a t io n A c t 1889. ( K . B . D iv . B r a y , J . S te a m s h ip D e n o f A i r l i e C o m p a n y L im it e d v. M it s u i a n d Co. L im it e d a n d B r it is h
O il a n d C ake M ills L im ite d .) .. ... ... 97 11. C h a r te r- p a r ty — S tr ik e clause — “ L o a d in g **
a n d “ d is c h a rg e ” — D e m u rra g e .— A c h a rte r- p a r ty co n ta in e d a “ s t r i k e ” c la u s e : “ I f th e c a rg o c a n n o t be d is c h a rg e d b y reason o f a s tr ik e o r lo c k -o u t o f a n y class o f w o rk m e n esse ntial to th e d is c h a rg e o f th e ca rg o , th e days o f d is c h a rg in g s h a ll n o t co u n t d u r in g th e c o n tin u a n c e o f such s tr ik e o r lo c k -o u t.” O n th e a r r iv a l o f th e s h ip a t th e p o r t o f d isch a rg e , a s tr ik e o f c a rte rs was in existence, i n consequence o f w h ic h th o docks h a d become congested ; th is c o n d itio n o f a ffa irs re n d e re d i t im p o ssib le fo r th e d e fe n d a n t, w h o was consignee, to acce pt d e liv e ry o f th e c a rg o , th e re b e in g n e ith e r space f o r th e c a rg o in th e docks n o r means o f ta k in g i t a w a y w h e n te n d e re d o v e r th e s h ip ’ s r a il. H e ld , in th e cireum stanoes, th a t th e c a rte rs w e re n o t a “ class o f w o rk m e n e sse ntial to th e d is c h a rg e ” w ith in th e m e a n in g o f th e clause, a n d th a t th e d e fe n d a n t w as n o t p ro te c te d b y th e clause as d is c h a rg e w as n o t m a d e im p o s s ib le b y th e s trik e .
H e ld , also, t h a t “ d is c h a r g e ” *s a j o in t a c t, n e c e s s ita tin g c o -o p e ra tio n on th e p a r t o f th é s h ip a n d th e re c e iv e r o f th e ca rg o , a n d th a t th e o b lig a tio n o f th e s h ip u n d e r th is te r m is f u l fille d w h e n it s c re w o r its s te ve d o re ’s m en are in a p o s itio n to o ffe r, an d d o o ffe r, d e liv e ry to th o con sig nee o v e r th e s h ip ’s side. ( I r . K . B . D iv . C t.) L a n g ha m S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y L im it e d v. Ja m e s O a lla g h c r ... 109 12. A t s h ip ’ s r is k .— A c h a r te r - p a r ty c o n ta in e d th e
fo llo w in g clause : “ T h e c a rg o to be o rd e re d b y th e c a p ta in as re q u ire d , a n d w h e n signe d f o r to be a t s h ip ’ s r is k u n t il sh ip p e d on b o a rd . . . b u t i n a ll o th e r respects th e a c t o f G od, p e rils o f th e sea . . . a re a lw a ys m u tu a lly e x c e p te d .” T h e cargo, co n s is tin g o f sleepers, was b r o u g h t a lo n g sid e th e vessel in ra fts , a n d a n u m b e r o f sleepers w e re lo s t a fte r b e in g signed f o r on b e h a lf o f th e s h ip o w n e r th r o u g h c e r ta in
P A G E exce p te d p e rils b e fo re th e y w e re sh ip p e d on b o a rd . H e ld , th a t “ a t s h ip ’s r is k ” m e a n t th a t th e sleepers w e re a t th e a b solute r is k o f th e s h ip o w n e r d u r in g th e p e rio d betw een th e ir b e in g sig n e d f o r a n d b e in g s h ip p e d on b o a rd as th e exce p te d p e rils d id n o t a p p ly to th a t p e rio d . (B ra y , J .) D am p skebsse lskabet S k jo id b o rg a n d C. K . H a n s e n v. C h a rle s C a ld e r a n d C o... 156 13. C h a rte r- p a r ty — C h a r te re r to p a y a l l “ dues ” —
S h ip to p a y a l l “ p o r t charges ” — C usto m o f p o r t o f S anto s.— A c h a rte r -p a r ty co n ta in e d th e fo llo w in g c la u s e : “ T h e c h a rte r e r p a y in g a l l dues a n d d u tie s on the. ca rg o , a n d th e stea m er a l l p o r t charges, p ilo ta g e s , &c., as c u s to m a ry ,”
a n d a lso p r o v id e d th a t o n a r r iv a l a t S antos th e s te a m e r sh o u ld d is c h a rg e on th o q u a y A t Santos a d o ck co m p a n y has a u th o r it y to e n fo rce a t a r i f f , b e in g e n title d (in t e r a lia ) to m a k e a c h a rg e “ f o r th e use o f th e q u a y f o r lo a d in g a n d d is c h a rg in g goods and an y m erchan dise.
. . . ” T h e p la in t if f s ’ vessel h a v in g been d is c h a rg e d on to th e q u a y, th e c h a rte re rs ’ agents a t th e p o r t o f S anto s c h a rg e d a g a in s t th e s h ip in accounts re n d e re d th e p a r t ic u la r c h a rg e fo r c a rg o so d e liv e re d . I n a n a c tio n b y th e s h ip o w ne rs to re o o ve r th o a m o u n t de ducte d : H e ld , fo llo w in g th e d e cisio n o f W a lto n , J . in F ie ld L in e {C a r d iff) v. S a n P a u lo Gas C o m p a n y (u n re p o rte d , b u t d e liv e re d o n th e 14th A p r i l 1908), th a t th e c h a rg e was n o t a “ d u e ” o n th e cargo, b u t a p o r t c h a rg e f a llin g on th e steam er.
( H a m ilto n , J .) S o c ie ta A n o n im a U ngherese d i A r m a m e n ti M a r it t im o v. H a m b u rg S o u th
A m e ric a n S te a m s h ip C o m p a n y ... 228 14. C h a r te r - p a r ty — “ Consignees to effect d is
c h a rg e o f c a rg o ste a m e r p a y in g Is . p e r to n ” — S ale o f ca rg o b y consignee— “ Cost o f steve
d o rin g to be p a id b y ” p u rc h a s e r— R ig h t to sum p a y a b le b y ste a m e r.— T h e a p p e lla n t h a d c h a r
te re d a ste a m e r to lo a d a c a rg o o f c o a l f o r S yd n e y. T h e c h a rte r -p a r ty c o n ta in e d th o fo llo w in g c la u s e : “ C onsignees t o e ffe c t th e d is c h a rg e o f th e c a rg o , s tr ik e o r n o s trik e , ste a m e r p a y in g Is. p e r to n o f 20 cw t.” B e fo re th e s h ip a rriv e d , th e a p p e lla n t sold th e c a rg o to th e G o v e rn m e n t o f N e w S o u th W a le s on th e te rm s [ in te r a lia ) “ T h e G o v e rn m e n t to g u a ra n tee t o d is c h a rg e th e vessel a t n o t less th a n 500 to n s p e r d a y , s tr ik e o r n o s trik e . T h e cost o f s te v e d o rin g t o be p a id b y th e G o v e rn m e n t.”
H e ld , lh a t th e G o v e rn m e n t w e re e n title d to r e ta in th e Is . p e r to n p a y a b le as a g a in s t the a p p e lla n t. J u d g m e n t o f th e c o u rt be lo w a ffirm e d . (P . C .) W h ite v. W illia m s ... 208 15. C h a r te r - p a r ty — B ills o f la d in g — S u b m issio n —
In ju n c t io n to r e s tr a in a r b itr a t io n — A r b it r a t io n A c t 1889 (52 & 53 V ie t. c. 49), s. 6.— T h e p la in tiffs , o w n e rs o f th e ste a m s h ip D e n o f M a in s , c h a rte re d h e r b y c h a r te r - p a r ty d a te d th e 26th A p r i l 1911 to th e d e fe n d a n ts M . a n d Co., to lo a d a c a rg o o f beans a t V la d -ivo sto ck, a n d to proceed to a p o r t in th e U n ite d K in g d o m an d th e re d e liv e r th e o a rg o “ a g re e a b ly to b ills o f la d in g .”
O n th e 10th J u n e a c a rg o o f a b o u t 6000 ton s was load ed, an d b ills o f la d in g m a de o u t to th e o r d e r o f M . an d Co. or* th e ir assigns w e re sig n e d b y th e m a s te r a n d h a n d e d to M . an d C o .’ s r e p re s e n ta tiv e . M . a n d Co. h a d , b y a c o n tra c t d a te d th e 27th A p r i l 1911, sold th e c a rg o to th e d e fe n d a n ts th e B . C o m p a n y on th e te rm s o f a
“ basis d e liv e re d ” c o n tra c t, b y clause 10 o f w h ic h th e c o n tra c t w as t o be v o id as re g a rd e d a n y p o r tio n sh ip p e d w h ic h m ig h t n o t a r riv e . O n th e 12th J u n e th e d e fe n d a n ts M . a n d Co., u n d e r th e co n tracc o f th e 27th A p r i l , de cla red to th e B . C o m p a n y th a t th e beans h a d been sh ip p e d b y ste a m sh ip D e n o f M a in s . On a r r iv a l o f th e vessel a t L iv e r p o o l, th e p o r t o f d isch a rg e . M . a n d Co. h a n d e d to th e B . C o m p a n y th e b ills o f la d in g in d o rs e d a g a in s t a p a y m e n t. W h e n th e d is c h a rg e h a d been co m p le te d i t w as alleg ed th a t th e re was a s h o rta g e o f 171 bags, and, th e
