3 HQM Q>P<L
H c n o jib 3 0 3 a ib Bce pe3epBbi aaa ya y a m e a n a pa6o- Tbi a B T O T p a H c n o p T a ... 1 A . K P b l/IO B :— Ot AMO-<t>-15 k 3HC-150 . . . . 3 M. rO B E P M A H — 25 JieT aBTOÖycnoro xpaacnopTa
MoCKBbl . ...‘ ... 6 n. 3EMCKOB — HoBoe nojioíKeHHe o TexmiaecKOM
o6cjiy>KHBaHHH h peMOHTe aBTOMOÓHJieñ . . . . 9 B. H A yM O B — Aß'roöycbi na macen aBTOMoÖHJieii
3 H C ... 12
JX.
B E JIH K A H O B — ABTOMo6njibHbie tohkh Ha 500 k m ... 13 I . K P A M A P E H K O h A . C AJIO B — Bananae KaaeCT-Ba Macjia na exeneab H3HOca ABHra'reaeñ3MC-12J 17 M .T A y E E P — 9jieKTpoByjiKaHH3auHOHHbiH annapaT
T K - 2 ... . 18 E. rO JIO C O B — HaKoaeaaHK a,aa 3anpaBKH ra3 0-
ÖajIJIOHHblX aBTOMOÔHJieH CHiH.beHHblM raso.vr 19 B. B E K M A H — CnopTHBHbiH motouhkji M-75 . . . 20
A B T O M O Ö H J I b H a a x p o H H K a
UeHHblH IIOHHH COHHiICKHX UJOC^epOB. I lOBbIM aB- TOKpaH. CTpoH'reJibCTBO 6e;i303anpaBoaHbix CTaapHfi
b MocKBe. B JlaTBHH pacTeT ABHweaHe moiJiepoB- CTOTblCHHHHKOB. lloJIbCKHe Tpy30Bbie aBTOMOÖHJIH.
JlyamHH mo<¡)ep OaeccKoft oóaacxH. Beaep yaacT-
HHKO B a B TO M O Ö H JIbH H X TOHOK. M O T O U H K J ie T H b ie CO- pGBHOBaHHa Ha nepBencTBO CCCP. ilepeacmoe aB- T0X03añcTB0 y jia H - y Ä 3 ...21—24 A . B y jlb < l> — yaeÖHoe khho BCHcreMe iio a f o t o b k h
m o tfe p o B ... 24
K p i i T H K a h Ö H 6 a n o r p a ( j ) H H M . PbD K M K — Pei;eH3na na K im ry
Hbift aH3ejib AA3-204« . . . . HOBbie K H H T H ...
• A B TO M O Ö H JIb- . . . 3 e x p . o6j i. . . . 4 CTp. oöa.
Ha o ó J i o i K K e : Hoabie a B T O M O Ö H an , B b in y c K a e a u e Mo c k o b c k h m a i T03a s o a o M h m ö.i h CxaaHHa.
A a p e c peaaKUHH:
MocKBa, y a . K yftó b iu ie iła , n. 3/8 Tea. K 5-22-95
D K E M E C f W H b lP i H A y M H O - T E X W /M E C K M ti J K Y P H A /l X X V I I r O A M 3 A A H M H
HCÍI0JIB30BATB BCE PE3EPBBI
Ü,JÍfl yjEPBBIEHHffl PABOTBI ABTOTPAHCBOPTA
S2-io roAOBmHHy BejiHKoñ Okth6pbCKoñ icO'HHa jiihcthheoKoñ peBcwnonH'H icoBeTQKHH «apo n bctip©thji cjiaB H biM no<5eaaMiH b 6opb6e 33 iBunoaiHeHHe njiaHa nemBepToro roma nocjieooeHiHoft CTHJI'H'HGKOH nHUHOieTKIH, OHpOMlH HIMH EljOCTíI >K ©H HÍTM H IiO BiCGX oÓJiacTax Hapo/(Horx> ko3hwotb3 ih iKyjibnyipbi.
Sma'^HiTejibiHbie ycnexH ¡n.oeTMinHyTbi b opoM bi m jichi Hocie i , b cejibdKoiM !xo3aftcTiBe h Hia TpaBcaioipTe — HtejieaHcwopoHOHOM,
MopiQKOM, pewoM h aoTOMoÓHJibiHOM. HeyxjioHiHo BoapaCTaioT
¡npy30o6opoT h o6tj©m naoca«HpioKHX inep©B03aK, noiBbim aerea KyjibTypa SKenJioaTamiBH ncwBHJMHoro cocTaoa, ipacTeT «h íw io
CTaXaHOBUeB — H0B3T0p0B np0H3B0ACTBa.
iO6a>0M irpy30Bbix nepeBoaoiK, ,Bbi¡nojjHeHHbix aiBTO¡Mo0HJib- HbiM Tp aHonoipfrcHM MhhmcTep ctb a lasnoTip awcnopTa PCOCP, y me
b 1948 r. B03poc Sojiee neM b mBa pa3a no cpaBHeHnio c 1940 ¡r. XloBioeHHHH ypoBeHb naooaHCHpciKMX nepeooaoK Tate
m e epeB3oftiaeiH.
3a 10 ‘M'BcaueB 1949 r. aBToxo3Hiícn®a 'BHOOJiHiH'JiiH njiaiH rp y - 3onepeB030K b TOHHax Ha 105,6%, b TOHHO-KHjioMeTpax— Ha .102,2%, a miaiH nepeBoara naocamHpoiB— iHa 108,9%.
ripOMblIHJieHHble TpeCTU MHHHCTepCTBa, 3aHHMaiOmHeC5I pe- mohtom aBTOMofíHJieñ, npoH3BOACTBOM rapamHoro oSopyflOBa- :h.hh, peMOHTOM a.BTOUiHiH ih aMHyMyjiHTopoB, sn.a«WT6nbHO' npe- BMOHJI'H BiajIOBOH BbinyCK HipOMbíHIJieHIHOH OpOmylKH'ÍH 1940 r., a njiaH no BbinycKy BajiOBOH npomyKmm 3a 10 MecsmeB 1949 r.
BbinOJIHHJM Ha 101,9%.
Bce iHiHipe paaB'HBaefTCH .pb'H ^ghhc m^cpepoB 3a íyiHTejibiHbiii npoCer aB/roMO&wieH 6e3 «anHTaJibHono peMOHTa. GoiBceM «e-
¿TaiBHO iHIO$epbI-iOTOTbI.OHHIHHIKH HaC’THTbTBa.TiCb e^'HHHHa'MH, a WX flPCTHJKeHIHH €HIHTaJIHlCb peKOpflBbllMIH; TeüTCpb ihx ym e ®6C»TKH TU'CHIH 'H OlHH HiBJIHK>TCH OHOipOH laiBTOTpiaHCHOipTa. J lp 30% IUO- 4>epOB B .aBTOXOMHlCTBaX IMHHMCTepCTBa B3JMH IHa ce6si o6»3a- TeJibOTBO nepeBunoJiiHMTb «op.Mtj (MeacpeMOHTHUX inipo'6erx>B bbto- iMofinjien, h cjiob» ihx ae ipaexoHHrca c mejiow.
FIoHHiH ínep©flOIBHX MOCKOBÜKHX inpemnpHflTHH, COpeBHylOUtHX- ch aa BunyoK upoayttcuHH OTJimiHono «anecriiBa, na iu e ji miHiBeñ- iuHñ otikjthk opean p.aSonHx npoiMbUHJieHHbix npewnpHanH-ñ M'HHMCTepcTBa. iB iHacToam.ee iBpeKH una saooiiax n o peMOHTy aiBTO'MO'OHJieñ a HanoTOBJieHiHio raipa:»Horo 0160pyi^oiBaiHHh HacHH- TbiiBaeTCH cBbime 600 Apuran, kotopme cTaxaiHOBioKHM TpywoM aaBoeBaJiH noneTHoe npaBO HasbiiBaTbCfl (SpiHrawaiMia orraiwiHoro iKanecTB-a.
OaHaiKo «a aaTorpaiHonopTe iH'Meerrca eme imihoto iHeHcinojib30- iBaMHHix pe3epsoB, «¡a hto ictnipaoe«jiHiBO yiKasbiiBaeTca ,b nooTa- iHoiBJieH'H'H CoBeTa JVfaHiBCTpo® P CO CP o paSoTe MiHHHicTepcTiBa
aBTOTp ancnopT a P C O C P ot 31 okth Opa 1949 r .
Co'Beír MBHHiCTpoiB P C O C P nocTa®HJi nejpem MHH'HcrepiCTBOM a.BTOTpaiHcint»pTa P C O C P p a « Baaan, yiciiemiHoe paapemeH'tie K oro p u x ofiecmeHHT 3HanHTeabHoe yjiyn.meHwe pafioTU aBTo- TpiaaonoipTa.
K ojiJierna MianHicTepiCroa aBTOTpiaiHicnopTa PCO C P Ha pac*
HJHpeHHOM 3acea,aHHH oOcymnjia yixasaHiHoe niO'CTaiHOBJieiHiHe k HaiMeTHJia iKOHMpenHbie M apa n o yjiynm eHHio paC ora aBTOTpaac- nopTa. 3a«iana aBTOpaOanmíKOB chictomu MmuHCTeperaa ooctoht b toim, hto6u c necTbio BbinojiiHHTb nocTaiHOBJieHMe CoBeTa Mihihhchpob P C O C P ih iKOJWierHM iMimmcrrepcmBa h flofiHTbca ho-
;Bbix yionexoB b obocíí pa'6oTe.
Cepbe3iHbiiM «eiaocTamoM b paOoTe aiBToxo3HHiCTB aEJiaenca iHey^.oBJieTBopHTejibHoe B cnojib3iaBaHHe npy30iBbix aiBTOiMoOvuieH.
Bcjiaa.ei’BHe iHeBbiicoKoñ TaxiHHHOGKon totobhocth a¡BTOMo6Haeñ n hx ¡OojibuiHX HenpoHSBOfflHTeabHbix npoeroeB ib OHfflmaHHiH pe- mohtob KostJiM'HHeHT 'H'onojibSOBaHHH rpyaoiBbix a®TOiMo6HJieH aa 9 iMeoameo 1949 r. cocTaBHJi 0,511 opiH njia« e 0,580. OcoOeHmo nJioxo HcnojibayiOTCH rpy30'BHe aBTOMoOHJiH ib Mopji,o0aKO'M, Mojiotobckom, OMOJieHOKOM, CTaJiHiHrpaaoKO'M, HoboohOh'PQKom h BoJioiroiajOKOM TpecTax h aiBToyinipaiBJieHHHX.
IloTepiH ipafionero epeMean aeTOMoñHJieH «a rjim iH o «aunocTpn- pyioTCH cjiejiyiomiHiMH npHiMapaMH. B TpecTe «H'KyrrpaiHC» b nep- bom KBapTaJie stobo ixxna upocooH iHa jühhh’h icooTaBHJiiH 8,3% ot o6m«re> KOJimecTBa MamaHO-nacoB o Hapaae. B m ecin _a¡BTOixo- sHHCTBax KpaoHooüapoKOiro KpaHaiBTOTipecTa ©caeaciiBHe 6ojibm «x otno3H'aiHwñ e BbiinyoKoiM .aBTOiMoOHJieH na jimhhio n npa>Kíi.eBipe- MeHiHoro iB03Bpam®HiHH kx ib rapam óujio inoTepaHO ib nepaoiM no- flyironHH 1949 r. mo 2 0thhc. imaniiHiHO-hacoB. B peayjibTaTe Heflo- H'Cnojib3OBiaH0H pafioH ero speMenu aiB'roiMO'SHJieñ b aeKoTOipbix aoToupeciTax h aBTOyinpaiBJieHiHax iBbnpiaOoTiKa na oíhhih MauiHino- TOHiHo-tueHb pa;6oTU eme He inocTHraa flOBoeH«oñ. 3th h nonoO- Hbie hm (4)aiKTbi OBmaerejibCTByiOT o iHemoeTaToniHOM BHiHiMaHH«
pyiKOBOiHHfrejieñ asTOxoanncTB k BonpoeaM noiBbimeHHH KaneeTiBa 8<»cinjioaTaH.iHH aiBToiMoÓHjiKHoro napKa,
Cjie^yeT TiBepAO ooMHHrrb, mto BunycTHTb iaBix>Mo6n jib H3 ra- pam a na jihhihio — sto tojiuko nacTb a e jia . BamBeñimiHe 3a®a- HH CnyJKSbl 3KCnjI0aT3UHH COCTOHT B TOM, HTOÓbl 3(J)(J)eKTHBH0 HenojibsoiBaTb a'BTOMoC'HJi'H na jimhmh, yioKopHTb h x oCopanHiBae-
MOCTb, iCHHi3HTb UpOCTOH aiBTO¡MOI0IWieH HOfl HO'Tpy3KOH H ip33- BpyaKoñ, mape Hiono^b30BaTb npanenH. Ot pemeHHH sthx saman b KOiHemoM cnexe aaoticHT yBejiH'ieHHe opoHaBomHTejibHociiH
aBTOiTpa¡HionopTa.
BamHoe MecTO b paSoTe MHHHCTepCTBa aBTOTpaHcnopTa P C O C P 3aHHMaraT HaocamHpoKHe nepeBoaMH. n.aocaníHpciK’HH
aBTOTpaiHCinopT CTaHOBHTCH OlHiHHIM H3 OCHO'BHblX cpemCTB M&XíHiy- ropoKHOH OBH3H »HyTpH oCjiiacTeü. Poct naoca>KHipcKoro 0006- meH'HH Tpe6yeT i6oJibHioñ paSoTU n o opraHHaaujHiH o6cny>KHBa- hhh naocajKHpoiB.
B Mo'Okbb, JleHiHHrpame 11 m pyrax ropom ax peonyomiBH m h o- ro e cm ejiaao moia toto, hto^u aBToCycbi h TaKCH Bbirjim iejiiH OnpHTHO H iKyP'CIBpOlB3JIH peryjIHpiHO, HTOfíbl naCCajKHipbl 06'CJiy- HCHiaajiHicb KyjibTypHO. B to m e opeMH o TaiKHX ropomax KaK BonamHMiHp, AoTp¡axaiHb, CBepiRJioBOK, KypoK 0(6cJiymHBaiHiHe Haoe-
1
neana aBTOóycHbiMH nepeB03KaMH opraHH30BaHo na o xo, rpa<j)HKH ftBHxeHHa He cofiaiionaiOTCH, pafíora rpy30BHx h aenKOBux T3K- COMOTOpOB KOHTpOJTHpyeTCH caaóo.
3a<5oTa 06 ynoÓcTaax naoca **p oB ® »x KyjibTypHOM oficaymiH- eaBHH apamHa fiuTb b netnpe ibhhm0hhh paóoTHHKOB aBTOTpaHC- nopra. HyjKHo TpeóOBaTejibHee moflxoiiHTb k noaóopy xaapoB, pafioTaiomiHX Ha aBTofiycax h tbkc'H, yaymnaTb noneniKHOH co- CT3B, CTpOrO BblinOJIHHTb rpfllJlHK'H aBK*eHHH.
Homihmo yayHmeHHH pa<x>Tu cymecTByiomKX naccajKHpoKHX JiHHHñ, Heoóxoamvio paomapHTb naccaHCHponepeBoaKH, ® aacT- hoctm 3a cneT eotioaHeHHa aBTOfiyciHoro napxa aBToSycaMH, npo- iH3BOaCTBO IKOTOpbIX flOJEKHO ÍÍHTb Hajia5K6HO Ha aBTOpeMOHTHHX 3aBoaax MnHHCTepcT»a.
MHorne motpepbi h aBT0X03HHCTBa b ueaoM ®>6HBaiOTCiH 6oab- hioh 9KOHOMHH 6eH3HHa h SHawreabHoro nepenpoóera aeTOMO- CiHJibHHX hihh npoTH'p ycTaHOBJieHHbix HopM. H o ecTb eme bbto- XO3HHCT0a, B KOTOpHX H€ COfiaiOHaiOTCH yCTaHOBaeHHUe HOpMU.
3a npomauH ro a Hepaanoue xo3 ahctbeH hhkh napaoxoaoBaan CBepx HopMbi ao 600 ru e . aHTpoB 6enaHHa h cniHcaan b yraab c ¡HeaoopofieroM npoTHB rocyaapCTBeHHbrx HopM Coabiiioe Koaa- HeCTBO aBTOnOKpbllHI©k.
HtoCh aHiKBuaapxi'Batb nepepaoxoa h noTepH óeHBHHa, Heo5- XOa'HMO HpHBeCTH, nOiBC©M-eCTHO B o6pa3H.OBbIH nOpflaOK Kapfiiopa- Top«oe X03HHCTB0, yaymiBiTb paiCory cymecTByK>m»x KOHTpoab- Ho-peryaHpoBOHHbix hoctob, aaHOBO opraansoBaTb Taxae nocTbi B aeCaTKaX a;BT0XO3HÍÍCTB, inOCTpOHTb HOBbie 6eH303anpaB0HBbie cram m « b pane oSaacTeft m iKpaeiB. Ahtomoóh.i h, (nepepacxoayro- mne TonaniBo, ne noascHu BuinycKaTboa Ha annuio.
C peabio yBeaHHQHHH opoSera aBTOMofiaabHux hihh HeoCxoaii- mo ycHaHTb KOHTpoab sa npaBHab'HOH hx SKonaoaTaaHefl, opraiiH- 30BaTb |B aiBT0X03HHCTBaX nyHKTU no peMOHTy HIHH, oSeCneHHTb KaJKabl'H 0BTOM06«a'b MaHOM€TpOM, OC'HaCTlHTb aBTOXOSHHCTBa CTa- UHOlHapHblMH KOMnpeOCOpaMH flaa Ha¡KaHHB0HHH HIHH.
ripoMUHiaeniHue ropennpHHTHH MmiHCTepcTiBa npiT3BaHbi noMo- raTb 3BT0X03HHCTiBaM b neae BbinoaHeHHH naaea nepeB030K. O r KanecTBa h x paóoTH s HeMaaoii CTeineHH saBneirr KaaecTBo pa- CoTbi Bcero aBTOTpaHcnopra.
B pafioTe nipoMbtmaeHHbix epeanpMTHH, HecMorpa Ha yBeaii- heHHe BunyoKa Baaosofl iipoayKm m h ap yrae aocT'HMceHHjt, HMeeTOH eme MHoro HeaocTaTiKOB. BopoHeHccKnii, C taanerpaa- CKHH H Hp'KyT€KHH aBTOp©MOIHTHHe 33(BOaU Tp€CTa «PoCaiBTOpe- moht» cHCTeMaTtweciKH He B'binoatHmoT naaHa iKanHTaabHoro pe- MOHTa aBTOMOfiiHaieii. TpecT HeaocTaToaHo 3a'HHMaeTc» eonpoicaMH noBumeHHH KaHecTBa peMOH-a', He ocymeeTBaaeT xecTK oro k o ii- Tpoaa sa cofiaioaeHiHeM TexiioaonmeoKOH aBoaHnaimibi. 9to npH- Boa®T k yBeameHHio ®Q3BbaTa aBroMofínaeíl h aaMraxeaefi na nOiBTOpHblñ peMÓHT. Ha nC:l\OBCKOM a B TOpeMOHTHO M 3aBOae B03- BpaT cocraBHa b npomaoM i < ay 6,4|°/ci k o6meMy xoanHecTBy o t- peMOHT'HpoBaHHux aBTOMoÓHaéfí, Ha CapawBOKOM k Bopone»- ckom 3iaiBoaa¡x — no 7|°/¿
IÜHHGpeMOHTHbie 3atBoabi xpecTa «PocpetMmuiHa» 3HaHHTeabHO nonoaiHeHu hobhm oSopyaoBaHHeM, oaHaiKO naaH peMOHTa m'HM ohh BbinoaemoT HeynoBaeTiBopHTeabHo. KonoMeHCKHH, Hp«yT- CKH0, reopriHeBCKHH mHHopeMOHTHHe saBoati H3 MBapTaaa a KiBapraa He BbinoaHHiOT npoH3BoaeTiBelH,Hux 3aaanHñ. TexHoao- thh peMOHTa mHH Ha paae 3aBoaoB HapymaeTCH, BCaeacTBHe ne-
’To KanecTBo peMOHTHpyeMbix mmh man HHBKoe.
HeyKaoRHo B03pacTaeT noapeóHocTb b hobom rapaacHOM o5o- pyaoBaBHH aaa oScayrnHsaHKH h peMOHTa aBTOMo6Haeñ. T©m hc MeHee HOMeHKaaTypa HsaeaHii, BbmyoKaeMbix aaBoaaMM npecTa TAPO, paemapaeTCH MeaaeHHO h ©caeaenBHe 9Toro 0iBtoxo3hh- CTBa He noayaaiOT HyJKHbix hm HHCTpyMeHTOB, npHonoco6aeeHH H npHfiopoB.
PyKOBoaHTcaaM npOMHmaeHHbix TpecTOB HeoSxoanMo MoCHaH- 3oaaTb Bcex paóoTHHiKOB aaa Honoab30BaHna bihyTpeHHHx pe3©p- boib c ueabio yiBeaiHneHHH BbimycKa h yayameHBa KaaecrBa npo- MtmiineBHOH npoayKHHH.
npejK ae Boero nyjKHo tohho' cofiaioaaTb ycTaHOBaenHyio rex- HoaorHK), yayauiaTb coiCTOHHHe TexHoaorHaecKoft och0c tkh, op- raHH30Barb ‘BihyTpH30Boae;KHe HonuTaHHa ochobhux snaoB Buny- cxaeMbix H3aeaHH h HaiSaroaeime sa hx ipaóoroñ b ycaoBHax HopMaabHoft 9KcnaoaTau,HH. Hyrnno yonaHTb pa<5oTy no noBbime- HHK) KyabTypU TIpOH3BOaCTBa, Opr0'HH3OBaB B3aH'M:HyiO Me»{3aBoa- c x y io npoBepKy cocToaiHHa KyabTypbi nponaBoacTBa c ihhpokhm Hcnoab30BahheM noaosKHTeabHoro o n m a patíoTH nepeaoBbix yaa-
ctkob h OTaeabHux paCo’Hix, yjiyqniH Tb B3o 6peT0TeabCKyio a pan,HOHaaH3aTO‘paKyio patgoTy Ha npeanpHHTtHax.
KoaacKTHBbi HamHX inponsBoacTseiHHbix npeaiipnaTiiH aoam nH noaaepacaTb 11 a ip koth q cck y to hhhuh axiHB y oepeaoBbix npeanpHa- thh Mookbu h Mocko'Bckoh ofiaacTH 06 yBeaHHeHHH cbeMa npo- ayaa«® c HMeromaxca hpohbboaoTB©h hhx naom aaea, a TSKace o MexaHHsauHiH Tpyaa h yayqmeeHH Henoab30BaH!Ha ochobhoto oSapyaoBaHHH nyreM 6oaee papHOHaabHOH ero sarpysicH.
B a tom ro a y Ha mookobckh’x h aeBHHrpaaciK'Hx aBTopeMOHTHbix 3» o a a x TpecTa «Poe a bt op ©mocht » aoaacHbi 6u tb saKOHneHU Bee paSoTbi^no noaroTOBKe k inpon3tBoaCTBy peMOHTa rpyaoB ux aBTO- MofiHaeñ TA3-51 h 3HC-150. noaroTOBKy k peMOHTy hobux Ma- poK rpyaoBbix aBTOMoSHaeft H0ao Hamm, Taos;© Ha ocraabHHX 3aBoaax TpecTa «PocaBTopeMOHT». OaHOBpeMeeeo c sthm b ch- CTeMe MMHCTepcTBa aoaJKiia 6utb co3aaHa 6 a3a no peMOHTy
a e ixo B u x aBTOMofinaeft.
Boabm yio noMomb aBTOxosHHCTBaM h npombimaeHHHiM ppea- npHHTHHM b aeae opraiHHsauHH paiunoHaabHoro Tex'HoaorHHecKoro npoiiecca h BHeapeHHH nepeaoBbix MeToaoB nponaBoacTBa h ho- iboh TexHHKtH ao.ri>KeH oxasbrsaTb HeHTpaabHuft HayHHO-nocaeao- BaTeaboBHH HHCTHTyT aBTorpaHcnopTa.
HacTHryT ebinon«Ha pna npaiKTuneekh aeHHbix nayHHHx pa- 6ot, onoooécTByiomHX yoneniHOMy ocooeHHio 9KcinaoaTaii,HH h pe
MOHTa hobux Moaeaea aBTOMoSHaeii h yayamenmo KanecTBa oeH3HHa h CM03OHHUX MaTepnaaoB, a tuk/Kc ¡npoBoannr pafioTu no aHeapetHBio hoboh TexHoaorHH b occTa hob a chihh aeTaaeft 0bto;mo- 'OHaeft.
OjmaKo HHCTHTyT eme caaóo eBusan c npcanpHHTH/iMrr h aBTo- xo3HHCTBaMin H aoameH 3HaaHTeaibHo ya y m iu m , noMomb hm b aea<e BBeapenHsi hoboh TexBHKH a ppraiBH3aia«K npon3BOHCT8a.
TeMaTOTeoKHe inaaHu HHCTHTyTa jío jix h h coaepsxaTb paóoxu, HainipaBaeHHbie Ha pemeiiHe ochobhux aaaan, cToamKX oepea aa- TOMOSHJIbHblM TipaHOHOpTOM.
OanoH h:3 BaiKHux 3aaaq »BaffleTCH yoiiaeHHe xeMHOB xa- nHTaabiHoro cipoirreabCTBa, roaoBoft naaH xo ro p o ro BunoaHiieT- c fi HeyaoBaeTBopHTeabHo. OcoCoe B'HHMaHHe aoam eo 6u tb o6pa- mcHo Ha pacmapeiHHe 2-ro JlenH iirpaacK oro aBTopeMOHTHoro aa-
■Boaa, cTpoHTeaibCTBO CHMiJieponoabeKoro aBTopeMOHTHoro 33bo- aa, CTaapM oó'cayyKHBsiiKH As 4 b MooKBe, pnaa aBTopeMOHT- h u x MacTepciKHX, a Taxme CTpOHTeabCTBo acHaux aoMOB, koto- poe CyaeT oriO'CoActnosstb 3aKp©naeHHio xaapoB, aHKBHaan.Hfi TeKyneoM pafionax h tthhc©h©pho'-texHuneoKax pa6 oTH»KOB.
H eo5xqanMo TaKme yKjpeiMTb (JiHHaHcoByio aHcuHiiuwiHy, co- oaioaaTb cT poryio skoiiomhio b paexoaoBaHHH rocyaapcnBeiHHux epeacTB.
Ha aBTOMofinaBHOM TpancnopTC HMeioTcsi fioabraae pe3epfiu aaa yBeiamieHHiH oSBewa rpy30Bux a naccaacHpCKjHx aapeBO- 3ok, jwih yiBeaimeima KoannecTBa h KanecTBa BunycKaeMo«
npoMuimaeeHoft nipoayKHHH. PyKOBoaHTean raasiKOB m TpecxoB He aoamHu aoBoabCTBOBaTbosi opeaHHMH HHiJipaMH BbHioa'Hehhh naa
Ha, nocTOHHHo noararnBaH oTCTaiomne 0BTOxo3HñeTiBa H npea- HPHHTHH ao ypoiBHH iiepeaoB ux. HaaHOBue saaaHHa aoaacHu cTHMyanpoBaiTb Mofeansanmo Bcex B,HyTpen|H|Hx pecypcos. Co- BeT Mhhhctpob PCtPCP inpeanoaatn nepeBoaKy rpyaoB nwaHHpo- aaTb He ToabKo b Toanax h TOHHOKHnoMeTpax, ho h nipeaycMaT- pHBaTb oCBeM nepeB03OK no oohobhum BnaaM M accooux rpyaoB.
AiBTOTpaHcnopT MHHHCTepCTBa aoaiHceH yaym iiHTb o6eay>KHiBa- Hne Hyma ropoacK oro xossmctbs, MtecTHOH, KoonepaTHBiHOH npo- MMinaeHHocTiH.
Zlaa yon emu oro pa3pemeHHH hoctsbjiciih bi x 3aaan Haao noaHHTb OTBeT'CTBieiHHocTb p'STjoTHKKos Ms! HiiCT c pe ls a 3a nopyqcHjioe :H'M aeao, yaynm iiTb oBH3b c aBTOTpecTaMH, y n pan a ennuMH, npea- nptHHnHHMH, 0Ka3biiBaTb him HenocpeacTBeHeyio noMomb, onepa- THBHee pemaxb Bonipocu, BHocHMue as toxos a tie tbsmh h npea- npiHHTHHM«.
KoaaeKTHBu asToxosañcTB h npeanpiHHTHH aoasHHu Hampnab oboh cn a u aaa npeoaoaeeiHH TpyaHocTeft h ycTpan©hhh HMeio- mwxcH HeaocTamoB. Sa-aana aBTopaSoTHHKOB — H3ucKHBaTb ace HOBue h HOBue peaepBu aaa yayqmeHHH pa do ru aoTOTpaiHonop- aa, HHKoraa He ocTaiHaiBaHBaTbCH na aoeTHrayTOM, aoSHiBaTbca aaabHeftm ero TexeKHecKoro nporpecca « pocra npoHBBoaHTeab- K oe rii Tpyaa.
IH ape pa3B-epHeM conHaaneTHHeeKOe cope:¡HOB."K;ie 3a aoopon- noe »uinoaHeHHe noeaeBoeaHoro HHTHaieTHero naana, aa MofiHan- 3anmo Bcex bhyTpeHHHx peaepsoB m c a y * 6y aeaHKOMv aeav C TpOHT ©a bCT Ba KOMMyHH3Ma!
*2
O r A M O -$-15
k3 H C -150
A. K P blJlO B
FActBHbui iiH otcenep Mo cko bc ko zo a e m o s a e o d a u M e n u C m a J iu n a
3aBO£ A M O , ocTaBJieHHBiH HaM b HacjieACTBo ¿e>KaBinHMH 3a rp'a HHuy KanuTajiHCTaMH, npeACTaBAHA
coóoh Bcero TpH HeSojibiiiHx h
HeAOCTpOeHHblX 0AH03Ta>KHbIX 3Aa-
hhh, oóopyAOBaHHbix HecoBepmeH- HOH TeXHHKOH. FÍOCJie OKTHÓpbCKOH peBOjnouHH 3aBOACKne 3A3hhh 6bi-
ah AocrpoeHbi, h b roAbi rpa>KAaH- CKOH BOHHbl 3A&Cb 6bIA opraHH30- BaH KanHTajIbHblH peMOHT 3BT0M0-
ÓHJieñ
HHOCTpaHHblX MapOK, a B 1921 r. 3aBOA h3TOTobha 19 hobhxABuraTeJiei, K o ro p b ie 6h a h ycTa- HOBAeHbl Ha T3HKH H n o c jia H b i Ha (J)pOHT. B jiaA H M H p H jIbH H JleHHH T o rA a n o 3 A p a B iu i KOjiJieKTHB 3aBO- Aa c BbinycKOM n e p B b ix coBeTCKHx A B a ra re jie ñ .
OceHbio 1923 r. 3aB0A nanaA ro TOBHTbCH K npOH3BOACTBy 3BTOMO- 6hah A M O -O -1 5 r p y 3onoA'teM- HOCTbio 1,5 t, c ABHraTejieM K om - HOCTbio 36 ji. c. H e HMen onb ira aBTOMOÓHJieCTpoeHHH, MOJIOAOH KOJiJieKTHB 3aBOAa npHCTymw BnepBbie k p a s p a d o m e TexHOjion™
npoH3BOACTBa aBTOAeTaAeñ h k OCBOeHHIO CAOAÍHblX npOUeCCOB HX H3rOTOBJieHHH.
7 HonSpa 1924 r. AecHTb rp y 3 0 - B b ix aBTOMofíHjieñ A M O -O -1 5 BnepBbie bhihjih h3 BopoT 3aB0Aa A M O H y^acTBOBajiH b AeMOHcrpa- HHH TpyAHUJ,HXCH Ha KpacH oñ n jio - ui,aAH. 3tot 3HaMeHaxejibHbiH AeHb pOHÍAeHHH nepBblX COBeTCKHX 3BT0- M ofínjieñ Borneji b hctophio Harne
ro aBTOMofínAecTpoeHHH.
ABTOMOÓHjib A M O -O -1 5 o d jia - A a ji no TOMy BpeMeHH ph a o m a o- ctohhctb, ho ero AeTajiH h a rp e r a ™ KOHCTpyKTHBHO 6bIAH HeTeX- HOJIOrHHHbl H TpyAOeMKH B n po ns- BOACTBe. T an, HanpHMep, KOAenqa- TblH B3A H3POTOBAHACH H3 HpHMO- yrojibH o n 3aroTOBKH CBepjieHHeM no KOHTypy h oótohkoh; KyAaqKO- Bbin Baji TaKíKe nejiHKOM
oórami-
BajICH H3 KpyrAOH 3arOTOBKH.
CjIOHíHOCTb OTJIHBKH ÓjIOKa U.H- jin n A p o B , H3roTOBjreHHH s a A H e ro MocTa c KapTepoM H3 A s y x noAO- bh h o k, a TaKxce HiraMrioBKH 6 aA- kh nepeAHeñ och TpefíoBajra ot KojuieKTHBa 3aBOAa 6 c /ib u io ro Ha- npH>KeHHH CHA AAH AOCTH>KeHHH n o c ra B A e n n o fi u,o a h.
T pyAHOCTH OCBOeHHH npOHSBOA- CTBa aBTOMOÓHAen A M O -O -1 5 0 6 - ycAOBAHBaAHCb HeAOCTaTKOM cne- HHaAbHOrO o6opyAOBaHHH H Heco- BepmeHHOH TeXHHKOH, OCOdeHHO B
riepB eH eu coB ercK oro aBTOMOÓHJiecipoe- HHH — A M O -4 M 5 .
ropaHHX p e x a x . HeeMOTpH Ha 3to, BbinycK aBTOMoSHAen c KaxíAbiM roAOM yBeAHHHBaACH, a KaqecTBO
hx yAyqmaAOCb. Tan, HanpHMep, TCHT HaA KaÓHHOH 6bIA 3aMeHen
ABTOMOÓHJIb AMO-3.
nocTOHHHOH KpbiuieH, nepeKAfoqe- HHe nepeAan h pyqHoft TopM03 ne- peMerueHbi BHyTpb KaSnHbi, BBeAC-
h o s A e K T p H q e c K o e o c B e m e H H e BMe- cto aueTHAeHOBoro, yciaHOBAen CTapiep aah nycxa ABnraTeAH, ynpomeH pyAeBOH MexaHH3M ht. a. 3th ycoBepmeHCTBOBaHHH 33boa n p o B O A H A , H 3 y q a n T e x H H q e c K o e co- CTOHHHe aB T O M O Ó H A en B S K C n A O a - T a m iH , n p H C A y n iH B a a c b k 3 a M e n a - HHHM H n O H íe A a H H H M n o T p e Ó H T e - A e ñ — p a 6 0 THHKQB aBT O M O Ó H A bH blX X03H H C TB.
B 1925 r. aBTOMOÓHAb A M O -O -1 5 napHAy c 3arpaHHHHbiMH aBTOMO- ó h a h m h ynacTBOBaA b n po óe re JleHHHrpaA — M ocKBa — Th(|)ahc M ocKBa h BbirneA noóeAHTeAeM.
CBblUie TbICHHH aBTOMOÓHAeH A M O -O -1 5 BbinycTHA 33B0A k 1928 r. 3to n o TOMy BpeMeHH 6bi- AO He M3AO, 0AH3K0 ASAeKO He A«"
CTaTOHHO AAH yAOBAeTBOpeHHH pacTyuiHX noTpedHOCTeH CTpaHbi b aBTOMoQHAHX.
B 1929 r. napTHH h npaBHTeAb- CTBO nOCTaBHAH n e p e A KOAAeKTH-
b o m 3aBOAa 3 a A a n y — n p o B e c ra reH epaAbH yio peKO H crpyKUH io 3a- BOAa h nepeiiT H Ha M accoB oe n p o - H3BOACTBO ÓOAee COBepUieHHblX H 3K0H0MHHHHX Tpy30BbIX aBTOMOÓH- A eií.
rioBceAHeBHoe BHHMaHHe h no- MOmb BAOXHOBHTeAH H OpraHH3aTO- pa no6eA coHH3AH3Ma TOBapnma CraAHHa BOOAyUieBAHAH paÓOHHX H HH>KeHepHO-TeXHHHeCKHX paÓOTHH-
ko b 3aBOAa Ha TpyAOBbie noA BH rn.
K 1 HOHÓpH 1930 r. 33B0A H3CHH- TbiBaA y>xe 560 yAapHbix 6 pn ra A h 5500 yAapHHKOB.
B HeBHASHHO KOpOTKHe CpOKH 6h a h nocTpoeH bi x o p n y c a a a h h o- BblX HeXOB, B TOM HHCAe AAH Ky3- HHHbl, AHTeHHOÍÍ KOBKOTO H yryH a H A p y rn x nexoB, pacmnpeHbi h HaA- cTpoeHbi crap bie 3A3Hh h, ycTaHOB- AeHO HOBoe oóopyAOBaHHe, c t3h k h, npeccbi, MOAOTbi, HarpeBaTeAbHbie nenH, n o c rp o e n u 3A3Hhh h ik o a m 4>a6pH H H o-3aB O A C K oro y qe H H n ecT B a, aBTO-MexaHHqecKoro TexHHKyMa h
HHCTHTyTa, oómecTBeHHbix opraHH- 33HHH H HeCKOAbKO HíHAblX AOMOB
a a h p a 6 o q n x .
B niHpoKHX M a c n iT a ó a x SbiAa opraH H30BaH a noAroTOBKa k h a p o b; CBbime 4400 qeAOBeK 6m a o oxBa- qeHo TexHHqecKHM oOyqeHHeM.
OAHOBpeMeHHo m A a noAroTOBKa n p o H 3b o a c t ba ab t o mo 6 naeh A M O - 3 rpy3onoA"beMHOCTbio 2,5 t, c a b h- raTeAeM MOLHHOCTbK) 62 a. c. Ko h- cTpyKHHH 3b t o m o6h a h A M O - 3 no CBOeñ TeXHOAOTHqHOCTH paAHKaAb- HO OTAHqaAaCb OT KOHCTpyKHHH A M O -O -1 5 .
OcHOBHbie p aóoT bi n o peKOH- CTpyKHHH 3aKOHqHAHCb B 1931 r.
3aBOAy
6h a o npncBoeHO h m h3
AK)6HMOrO b o jk a h napoAOB TOBapHma C/raAHHa. 3to B bi3B ajio
h o b m h TpyAOBOH n o A te M p a 6 o q n x 3aBOAa. B OKTHdpe T o ro n<e ro A a c rjia B H o ro KOHBeiiepa 3 H C c o u ia h
HoBbie 3b t o m o6h a h A M O -3.
C t e x n o p KOHBenep 3aBOAa pa - C oraeT H enpepbiBHo H a p a cT a roin n -
m h TeMnaMH. Bee nponsBOACTBO 6 o jib m o r o n cjioJK H oro saBOAa CTa-
jio noAHHHHTbcn e ro opraH H 3yiom ;e- M y BAHHHHIO.
B nepnoA ocBoeHHH npoH3BOA- CTBa HOBtJx aBTOMo6njieH A M O -3 3aBOA y A e jm ji 6 o jib m o e BHHMaHne n x KanecTBy. ripn OTAeAe TexHnne- CKOI’O KOHTpOAH 6biAa opraH H 30B a- Ha HHcneKAHH KanecTBa. O Ha Ha- 6AK>AaAa 3a TexHnnecKHM co ctoh-
h h c m aBTOMofinAen b 9 K c n A o a ra - Uh h h CHCTeMaTH3npoBaAa ncwiy- naeM bie M aTepnaA bi. H a 3aBOAe HeMeAAeHHO npHHHMaAHCb Mepbi k
ycT p a H e m n o odHapy>KHBaeMbix Ae- (j)eKTOB.
X Ia h BcecTopoHHen npoBepKH n a - necTBa B b in y c x a e M b ix aBTOMo6HAeii H HOBbIX OnbITHbIX o6pa3AOB 33- BOA opraH H 30B 3A b 1932 r. n p o 6 e r n o M a p m p y T y M o c K B a — Mh h c k — M o c K B a , a T a io n e c n e n n a jib H b ie n c - nbiTaHHH aBTOMoSnAen Ha h3hoc c n e p n o A n n e c K H M M U K poM eTpanceM A e T a jie fi. npoB eA eH H bie ncnbiraH H H H A3HHbie 3KCnA0aTaUHH n03B0AH- AH KOHCTpyKTOpaM 3aBOAa BHeCTH H eo6xoAH M bie ycoBepmeHCTBOBa- HHH H MOASpHH3HpOBaTb 3BT0M0- 6«Ab A M O -3.
B 1933 r . 3 a b o a n e p e m e A Ha B b in y c K aB T O M o d n A e n 3 H C -5 r p y - 3onoA"beMHOCTbio 3 t, c A anraTeA eM MOLHHOCTbK) 73 A . C., C HOBbIM c n e n A e H n e M n k o p o6k o h n e p e A a n , yCHAeHHbIM K apA aH H bIM B3AOM H p e A y K T o p o M s a A H e ro M o c ia . n o M e p e H aK onA eH H H o n b iT a Ha 3'aBOAe BBOAHAHCb O TAeAbHbie yA yH U ieH H H A e ia A e n aBTOMofinAH.
B nocAeAHeM CBoeM BapnaHTe aBTOMOdHAb 3 H C -5 HMeA 3AIOMH- HneBbie nopuiH H , CTenenb O K a ra n 5,3 : 1, MoiHHOCTb ABnraTeAH 77 a. c. n p n 2 3 0 0 o6 /m h h. h O Aaro- A a p fl XOpOUIHM 3KCnA0aTaiiH0HHbIM
KanecTBaM 3acAy>KHA B b ic o x y io OIieHKy aBTOpaSOTHHKOB.
B 1 934— 1937 i t. 6 b u ia npoB eA e- Ha B T o p a n peKOHCTpyKUHH 3aBOAa.
B pe3yAbTaie peKOHCTpyKnnn BCTy- nHAH B CTpOH HOBbie MOIH,Hbie n e x n , B TOM HHCAe 3KCnepHMeH- TaAbHbin, SbiAH pacniH peH bi n A o m a - AH CTapbix n e x o B h nonoAHCHO o '6 o pyA O B anne.
3aBOA b 1934 r . o c bo h a npoH 3- BOACTBO TpeXOCHOTO aBTOMOfiHAH 3 H C - 6 h aBToOyca 3 H C - 8 , a c 1936 r . HanaA BbinycKaTb nepB bie ceMHMecTHbie AerKOBbie aBTOMo6n-
a h 3 H C -1 0 1 c ABnraTeAeM m o iu,- HOCTbK) 110 A. C. H aBTOOyCbl 3 H C -1 6 . B AaAbH enm eM npon3BOA- CTBO AerKOBbIX aBTOMoSHAefi 6bIAO ocBoeHO noAHOCTbK) n n p o B e A e H a d o A b in a n paOoTa n o yA yn in e H H io n x xanecTBa.
B 1941 T. MHpHblH H C03HAaTeAb- Hbin T pyA c o B e rc K o ro HapoAa 6m a
Ha p y in e H BepoAOMHbiM HanaAeHHeM Ha C C C P HeMenKO-cfiauiHCTCKHx noAHHin. H e npnocTaHaBAHBaH b h- n y e x a rp y 3 0 B b ix aBTOMo6nAen, 33-
b o a H a n a A BbinoA H H Tb 3 a K a 3 b i (JipoHTa.
B OKTnSpe 1941 r. 3HaqnTeAbHaH nacTb oSopyAOBaHHH SbiAa nepeO a- 3npoB aH a Ha Bo c to k, TAe aBT03a- BOAHbl 3KTHBHO ynaCTBOBaAH B CO- 3A3HHH YAbUHOBCKOrO, MnaCCKOTO,
-
i M H w S w p i j .■
Z 3 H
i
llaaS one e pacnpocTpaHeHHbift aBTOMoSnJib 3H C -5.
B C C C P
- . ,
HOBblH 4-TOHHblfi aBTOM0 6 HJIb 3HC-150.
.a r'Mi' v
ABioMo6HJib noBbimeHHofl npoxoAHMoera 3H C -151.
LIeAH6nHCKoro h IIJaA pH H C K oro 3a - BOAOB.
B n e p n o A B eA H K on OTenecTBeH- HOH BOHHbl 3BT0M06HAH 3 H C - 5 0Ka33AH HeoneHHMbie y c A y rn C o - BeTCKoS ApM HH. H o BbIHOCAHBOCTH, npOXOAHMOCTH H 3K0H0MHHH0CTH OHH OblAH HaMHOrO AyHUie 3BT0- MOOHAen HHOCTpaHHbIX MapOK.
n o c A e p a 3 rp o M a HeMenKO-cJia- UIHCTCKHX b o h c k n o A Mo c kb o h 3 a - b o a, n o peuieH H io T ocyA apcT B eH -
hoto KoMHTeTa 0 6 o p o H b i, n p n c T y - n n A k BoccTaHOBAemno 3b t o m o- O nAbHoro npoH3BOACTBa.
3 T y 3 a A a n y aBT03aB0AHbi B b in o A -
h h a h ycneuiH O . H ecM O Tpn Ha t h- HieAbie yCAOBHH BOeHHOTO BpeMeHH 3aBOA He TOAbKO BblHOAHHA K KOH- u y 1942 r. n p o rp a M M y n o B b in y c x y 3 H C - 5 h aBTOMoSHAeft noB bim eH - HOH npOXOAHMOCTH 3 H C - 4 2 , HO H npoAOAHcaA T B opnecK yio paOoTy HaA AaAbHenniHM ycoBepuieHCTBo- naHHeM aBTOModHAen.
B n e p n o A OTeneeTBeHHOH b o h h w
6bIAH nOArOTOBAeHbl HOBaH MOAOAb A erK O B oro aBTOMofinAH B b ic in e ro K Aacca 3 H C - 1 1 0 c A BnraTeAeM MOIHHOCTbK) 140 A. C. H HOBblH A B nraTeA b 3 H C - 1 2 0 MoiAHOCTbio 90 a. c. a a h O y A y m e ro rp y 3 0 B o ro a btom oiOh a h 3 H C -1 5 0 . H e p o b ie s k c- nepnM eHTaAbHbie o6pa 3 H b i A s n ra -
t c a h 3 H C - 1 2 0 n ABa 3b t o m o6h a h
3 H C - 1 1 0 6h a h co3AaHbi b 1944 r.
B to a noOeAOHocHoro 3 a B e p in e - HHH OTeneCTBeHHOH BOHHbl 3aBOA yBeAHHHA B binycK aBTOMoSnAefl 3 H C - 5 , BbinycTHA nepB bie nsiTb aB - TOMofiHAen 3 H C - 1 1 0 n 3K cnepH - MeHTaAbHbie o 6 p a 3 iib i 3b t o m oOh a c h
3 H C -1 5 0 .
B 1946 r . npaBHTeAbCTBo o 6 a 3 a - AO KOAAeKTHB 3aBOAa npHCTynHTb K TpeTbefi peKOHCTpyKHHH n o 6 e c - nenHTb B binycK rp y 3 0 B b ix 3b t o m o- 6 n A e n 3 H C - 1 5 0 h 3 H C -1 5 1 , a T a x - nee A e rx o B b ix aBTOMo6HAen 3 H C - 1 1 0 n M HoroM ecTHbix aB T ofiy- COB. PaOOTHHKH 3aBOAa C 3HTy- 3H33MOM npHCTynHAH K BbinOAHe- HHIO 3TOH 3aAaHH. B pe3yAbTaTe
ha CAeAyioin,HH t o a 6m a h B b in y m e - Hbi 3KcnepHMeHTaAbHbie TpexocH bie aBTOMOfiHAH 3 H C -1 5 1 CO BCeMH BeAyniHMH OCHMH, a K 800-AeTHIO cTOAHUbi H arnen Po a h h u Mo crbw— 25 HOBbIX KOMCj)OpTa6eAbHbIX MHO- roM ecTH bix aB TofiycoB 3 H C -1 5 4 6e3paM H0H KOHCTpyKUHH C 3AeK- TpnnecKOH n e p e A a n e n h AH3eAb- HblM ABnraTeAeM MOIUHOCTblQ
no
a. c.B TpeTbeM ro A y nocjieBoeHHoñ CTajIHHCKOH üHTHJieTKH KOAAeKTHB
3
aBO^a, BnepBbie b npaKTHKe m h- poBoro aßTOMOÖUJieiCTpoeHHfl, pe- inHJi 3aAaay nepeBOAa c a o x h o t o noTOTOoro n p o n3
BOACTBa Ha b h- nyC K HOBOH MOAeJIH aBTOMOÖHAH, He npeKpam aa h He cm oKaa b h- nycKa aBTOMOÓHAefi.J^jih ocym ecTBjieHH H 3T0H 3aAa- HH ó m a o HaMeneHO A sa STana.
rie p B b iH 3Tan 3aKAK)aaAca b n p e - KpameHHH B binycK a ABHraTejiH
3
H C-5
h nepeBOAe npoH3BOACTBa Ha B binycK AenraTeAH3
H C-120
c ycTaHOBKoñ e ro Ha m a c e n3
H C -5
. BTOpOH 3Tan 3 aKAK)HaACH B HOA- HOM npeKpam eHH H B binycK a AeTa- jie ö3
H C-5
h nepeBOAe npoHSBOA- iCTsa n a B binycK a® t o m o 6h a h3
H C -150
.3
a sto K o p e H H o e y c o B e p u ie H - CTBOBaHHe MeTOAOB npOH3BOACTB3 n p n c y íK A e H a C TaA H H C K aa npeM H H A H p e K T o p y a B T 0 3aB 0 A a t. H . A . J4
h- x a n e B y , m m e H e p a M O . C. Ä e M b H - HKDKy, B . n . H ß a H O B y , n . I \ r ie T - p o B y , K . B . C T p o ra H O B y hB. H . T a x T a p o B y , óbiBiiieM y rAäB- HOMy HHHceHepy
3
H C .27
anpeAH1948
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aBOA h o a- HOCTbK) nepemeA Ha npoH3
BOACTBO4
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H C-150
OpHrHHanbHOH KOHCTpyKUHH, c a b h- raTeAeM molahoctbio
90
a. c., na-T H C K o p o cT H O H K o p o Ó K o ñ n e p e A a a , nH e B M a T H H e C K H M H T 0 p M 0 3 a M H Ha B c e n e r a p e K O A e c a , n e A b H O M e r a A - AHHeCKOH T peX M eC T H O H K 3 ÓHH0 H H n A a T (})O pM O H C T p e M H O TK H AH bIM H ö o p ia M H .
K o H C T p y K U H H a r p e r a T O B , y 3 A 0 B h A e T a n e ñ aBTOMOÖHAH 3 I 4 C - 1 5 0 COOTBeTCTByeT T pe Ö O B a H H H M nOTOH- HO-MaCCOBOrO n pO H 3B O A C T B a H n 0 3 - BO AHeT n p H M e H H T b B U IHpO KO M M a c u iT a ß e a r p e r a T H b ie c T a H K H , a B - TO M aTH H eC K H e AHH HH H n O A y a B T O -
M aT H H eC K H e CTaHKH.
B b in y c K y aBTOMOÓHAeíi 3 H C - 1 5 0 np eA H iecT B O B aA a B ecbM a K p o n o T A H - B a a h c e p b e 3 H a a p a ó o T a KOHCTpyK- T o p c K O -3 K c n e p H M e H T a A b H o ro OTAe- A a , TeXHOAOrOB H npOH3BOACTBeH- HHKOB. riO C A e T o ro K aK HepTe>KH 6bi.AH oKOHHaTeAbHO p a 3 p a 6 o T a H b i, aBTOMOÖHAH npO UIAH S K cn epH M eH - T aA b H bie 3 a B 0ACKHe h r o c y A a p - CTBeHHbie HCnbITaHHH.
B n p o n e c c e o c B o e H H H n p o H 3 B O A - CTBa HOBOrO aBTOMOÖHAH 3 H C - 1 5 0 33BO AO M y H T e H b l He TOAbKO p e 3 y A b - T a T b l 3 K C n e p H M e H T 3 A b H b IX HCCAeA0 "
B 3 H H H , HO T3KH<e H M HOTHe 3 a M e - H3H H H h n o J K e n a H H H , n o c T y n H B U iH e OT U IO (|)epO B H H H A C eH epH O -T eX H H - HeCKHX paÓ O THHKO B 3 B T 0 X 0 3 H H C T B , 3 K C n A 0 a T H p y i0 U I,H X aBTOMOÖHAH 3 H C .
T a n a a TecHaa coBMecTHaa p a ö o Ta KOHCTpyKTOpOB, npOH3BOACTBeH- HHKOB H 3KCnAOaT3HHOHHHKOB nO- 3B0AHA3 ÖbICTpO yCOBepUieHCTBO- BaTb OTAeAbHbie 3ACMeHTbI KOH- cupyKHHH B u n y c K a e M o ro aBTOMO
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p a3AHHHbIX THnOB 3BT0"MOÖHAeH AAH npOH3BOACTBa H ÖO- A ee
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27
paÓOTHHKOB aBT0 3aBOAa h b- A a io T ca A a y p e a T a M H OraAHHCKOH npeM HH.M 30 a h h b A e n b coBepuieHCTBya TexH O A orHio h o p ra H H3an,Hio n p o - H3BOACTBa, KOAAeKTHB p eH iae T A B e OCHOBHbie 3 3AaHH: pHTMHHHOrO H n oA H o ro BbinoAHeHHa ro c y A a p - CTBeHHOH n p o rp a M M H h noB ceA neB- H o ro yA yauieH H H KaaecTBa Bbiny- c x a e M b ix aBTOMOÓHAeñ.
3 a A o r o M y c n e u iH o r o pem eH H H 3THX 3 a A a a a B A H io T ca T B o p a e c K a a HHHH,HaTHB3 H H0B3T0pCTB0 paÓO- HHX H HHHíeHepHO-TeXHHHeCKHX p a ÓOTHHKOB 3aBOAa.
MHorOMecTHbift jierKOBOfi aBTOMOöHJib 3MC-110.
2 ABTOMOÓHJIb Wî 11
5
25 JIET ABTOEyCHOrO TPAHCHOPTA MOCKBLI
H. rO E E P M A H
H a H C L jib m iK y n p a e M H U H n a c c a w u p c K o z o a e m o m p a n c n o p m a M o c c o e e m a
Bce Kparne u BeamiecTBetuiee cTanouinc«
CTOJiHita aameñ PoAHHbi. Hey3.iaBae.MbiMHCTa.in MHorHe ue.iTpaabiibie p a tto .ibi h oi<paHni>i M o - CKubi. Ha iiauiHX 4)OTorpacf>nax noKa3aa O x o r- HbiH paa b 1924 h 194Ü ro a a x . 3aecb Bce h3- MeiiHaocb — h 3A3HH9, h y.um a, h TpaHcnopT.
B npe*BoeHHbie toam 3HaqnTejibHo bo3- pocJia u yKpenHJiacb Ta.KJKe MaxepHaAbHO- TexHH'qecKaH a peMOHXHaH Öasa aBxoôyc- Horo xpaHcnopxa, cnocoócTBOBaBinas ßec- nepeöoflHOH paöoxe asioÓycDB na ah hhhx, yjiyqmeHHK) oßcAyxHBaHHH naccastn- pOB —■ TpyAHIHHXCH iCTOJIHUbl.
BejiHKaiH OxeneexBeHHaH Boita a c He- (MeHKO-i(j)amHCTCKHMH 3aXBaTMHKaMiH KO- peHHbiM oöpaaoM H3MeHHJia xapaxxep pa- öoTbi aBToöycHoro xpanonopxa, Koxopbiñ 6bui okrth ubahrom nepeionoqeH Ha 06- cjiyjK'HßaHHe Hyam 4)poHxa.
H o cnepHajibHOMy 3aAaHHK> npaBHxeAb- CTBai KOJIOHHa aiBTOÖyCOB, yiKOMiFUieKTOBaH- HatH jiyquiHMH a¡o;x[>m h, paöoTa.ia no 9Ba- KyapKH JKeHmHH h Aexeä H3 öjioikhpoßah- hoto ćpammTa.MH JleHHHrpaaa. Paöoxaa noA HenipepbiBHHM orae.M BpaxecKofi aBHauHH, KcwioH’Ha BbiBe3Aa no acaoboh Tpacce JlaAOJKCKOiro 03epa ßojiee 138 x h c. qeAOBeK, oahobpcmchho noABoaa npoAO- BOAbCTB'He aah HaceneHHH ropoAa-repoa.
3a iM y >K€c T &e hh y io paßoxy MHorne yaa- CTHH'KH 9T0H KOAOHlHbl 6 bl AH yA'OCTOeHbl BbicoKHX npaiBHTeAbCTBenHbix H a rp a ® .
B MacrepcKHx aBxo6ycHhix h xa.KcoMo- TOpHblX napiKOB CTOAiHUbl HenpepuBHO yBe- AHHHBaACH Oi6x»eM paÖOT IIIO KaiTHXaAbHO- My peMoHTy aBTOMoöHAeft h fihiAo Hana-
*eH o npoH 3BOACTBO öoenpHnacoB äah Hamen apMHH.
BbieotAHHH yiKaaaHHH MocKOBOKoro Co- sexa, ipaßoTHHKH aßxoöycHoro xpaHcnopxa aepeoöopyAOBaAH aah paßoxbi «a ra30- rtHepaTOpHO'M TOIIAHBe OK'OAO 100 aBTO- ÖyCOB, HTO A SAO B03MOWHOCTb B THHCe- AblX yCAOlBHHX BOHHbl OiÖCAyjKHBaiTb Hace- ACHHe npHropOAOB CTOAHHbl, He HiMeBUIHX b To^BpeMH A pyroro b h a3 xpaHenopxa.
BoHHa c HeMeuKO-tjjaniHCTCKH.MH 3axBax- WKaMH HaaecAa ceptesHbift ypo« ropoA- Heaaßno hcüoahhaoc b 25 Aex co ähh
oprą hh3 a uhh aBxaßyoHoro xpaHcnopxa b CTOAHiie Harn-eö Poahhh Mookbc.
ABToßycHoe ABH»e«He, HanaBHieecH b 1924 r., ßbicrpo pa3BHBaAocb. BAarosa- pn ycneuiHOMy 'OcymecTBACHHio nepBOH CTaAHHCKOH lüHTHAeTICH, BaAOSSHiBIIieH IipOH- Hÿro ocHoey ooBeTCKoro aBTOMoöHAecTpoe- HHH, Ham aBToßycHHH napx HaqaA c 1929 r. nonoAHHTbOH oTeqecTBeHHbiMH
1924 r.
Mhcao aBToöycoB Ha-KOHeu
r o A a ... 21 Mhcao aBToßycHbix Mapmpy-
T O B ... 2 npoTHweHHocTb M ap m pyi-
HOH CeTH, K M ... 23 riepeBe3eHO naccawnpoB 3a
to a, m ah. q e ji... 2 ,2
3tH AaHHbie CBHAeTeAbCTByiOT o TOM, HTO qepe3 16 act nocAe noHBAeHHH nep- BOTO aBTOöyca Ha yAHuax Mockbh cto-
aiBTOßycaMll, aaMBHHBUIHMH rpOM03ÄKHe
«JleÜAaHAbi». CHanaAa sto ółiah aBTOÔy- Cbi 3H C -8, a 33TeM 3H C -16, oöaasaBmae BblCOKHMH TeXHHqeCIKHMH KaqecTBaMH.
Poct aBToßycHoro TpaHcnopTa Mockbh b npeABoeHHbie roAU conpoBOJKAaACH He- npepbiBHbiM yBeAMMCHHeM «C A a aBxoöyc- HblX MapurpyTOB, HX nipOTHJKeHHOCTH H KO- AHHecTBa nepeBeaeHHbix nacca»<HpoB, hto xapaiKTepH3yeTCH cAOAyioinHMH AaHHbiMH:
1928 r. 1932 r. 1937 r. 1940 r
165 364 772 1230
15 24 42 64
303 332 731 985
53,9 86 ,9 198,8 223,5
ahmhuh napK yaeAHqHACH b 55 pa3, a HiHcao nepeBe3eHHHX naccascHpoB b 100 pa3.
OKOMy X033HCTBy MoCKBH H B TOM ‘IHC.TC aBTOÖycHO'My TpaHcnopTy. Ile p e A paGoT- HHK3MB aBToöycHoro xoaaScroa 6 h a a no- CTaBJieHa 3aAaqa b ko po tkhh opok a h k- BHABpOBaTb nOCJieaiCTBHH BOHHbl, BOCCTa- HOBHTb H npeiBBOHTH AOBOeHHblH ypOBCHb aBToCycHux nepeßoaoK.
3to Gh a a TpyaHaa 3a.aaqa. 3HaqHrej¡b- HaH qacTb KaApoB a bto 6 y chhkob Haxo- AHJiacb b p a n a x apMHH, npon3B0®cTBeH- Hbie noMemeHHH u oßopyaoBaaHe HyxtAa- JIHCb B BOCCTaHOBHTeAbHOM peMOHTC, HexBaTajio sanacHbix qacTeft.
K.OTUIGKTHB paöoTHHKO'B aBTOiGycHoro TpaHcnopTa, baoxhobachhh8 Gac cth ih h m h noGeaaMH Cobctckoh ApMHH Ha c[)po:HTax OieqecTBeHHOH b o h h h, ro p n q o bshach 3a BoccT a hob ji eHHC CBoero poAHoro xo bhh- CTBa. Bjiarosnapsi GoAbinioH hom oihh, oKa3aH- HOH npaBHTeJIbCTBOM H AHHHO TOBapHUieM CTajIHHblM, paÖOTHHKH 3 B TOÓ y CHOPO TpaH- cnopTa n o « pyKOBOACTBOM Mockobokoto ropoACKoro »OMHTeTa napTHH h Mockob- choto CoBeTa, n p n coa€hctbhh pn.ua npeiAnpHHTHH c t o a h h h, h b e e p s y io oqe- peAb aBT03aBoaa hmchh C ia jiH H a , ycneni- HO cnpaBHJiHCb c HocT a b ji eHHoñ nepea HHMH 3aAaqea.
H e a a a o jiro ao oKOHqaHHH b o h h h ■ 25 anpexn 1945 r. b Mocikbc Gh a o bosoG- HOBJ1CHO aBTCÓyCHOe ABH/KCHHe, a « KO'H- Hy 1945 r. b SKcnAoaTauHio BCTynHJio Cojiee 400 KaonTajibHo BoecTaHOBACHHUx dBTOÖyOOB.
3 a HCT6KHIH6 3,5 roA a nocAeBoenHOH CTajIHHCKOH TlHTHjICTKH aiBToGyCHblH HapK yiBeJIHHHACH IIOHTH B ÄBa C HOAOBHHOH pa3a, nepeBOöKH naccasurpoB aocthtah 700 Tue. qeAOBeK <b cyTKH, npeB3i>HAH Ha
16% (AOBoeHHbw ypoBCHb. ABTOöycHasi ceTb B03pocjia a o 55 MapmpyTOB o6m »M npoTHJKeHHeM b 1300 k m.
3aMeTHO noBBicM.TCH yae.TbHfciH Bee aBTOôycO'B ß CHCTewe n acc a >kh p c koto TpaHcnopTa Mo c k b h, cocTaBAHH b HacToa- rn.ee BpeMH 11% bmocto 8 ,3 % b 1940 r.
BbiCTpbiH pocT aBToGycHoro TpaHcnopTa nosBOAHJi b 1948 r . npHCTynHTb k BOCCTa- hobaohhkd h AaAbHeHiiieMy pacmHpeHHio MexsAyropoAHoro aBToGycHoro cooGmeHHH.
B 3tom ro A y aeficTByiOT y x e 13 3aropoA- Hbix M a p m p y T O B , CBH3HBaiOUlHX C T O JIH H y c ropoAaMH Hothhck, BpoHHHUbi, M oxcaflcK , M aAOHpocxaßen, KoAOMHa, PoraqeBO, Bo- noiKOJiaMCK, CoAHeHiHoropcK h neBOTopu- MH APyrHMH paHOHHbIMH HCHTpaMH M o - CKOiBCKOH OÔJiaCTH.
ycn e u iH o BbiinoAHHH nocAeBoeHHbie n p o - H3BOACTBeH!Hbie H (j)HHaHCOBbie DJiaHbl, KoJiAeKTHB aBTO'ôycHoro TpaHcnopTa a o- 6hAOH 3HaHHTeAbHOrO tlOBbimeHHH TeXHH- iK0-3,K0HOMHqecKHX noKa3aTeAeft. T an , Ha- npHMep, cpeAHeroAOBOH n p o ö e r aBTOÖycoß noBbicHACH n o opaBHeHHK) c 1940 r . Ha 18,5% , a BM oio nacoB paSoTbi oahoto aiBTO'èyca b toa — Ha 2&°/a. ripO'H3BOAH- TeuibHOCTb TpyA» 3a TpH nocACAHHe roAa B03pocAa Ha 4 7 % , a eeöecTOHMocTb nac- Ca>KHpO-BHAO'M€Tpa CHH3HAaCb Ha 9,8 % .
B nocAeBoeHHbiH nepHOA Kama aBTO- inpOMblUIACHHOCTb C03A3Aa HOBUC, TeXH'H- qeoKH Gojiee coBepuieHHHe m o acah Kan rpyaoB bix, Tax h naccaJKHpcKHx 3btoimo- Gh a c h. B 1947 r . BCTyinHAH b 3KcnAoaTa- H.HIO MHoroMecTHbie aBToGycbi 3 M C -1 5 4 , oGAanaiomne p h a o m KOHCTpyKTHBHbix h 3 KcnA03T3UHOHhbix npeHMyiiiecTB n o epaB- HeHHK) c paHee BbinycKaBmaMHCH asTO- CjcaiMH 3 H C - 8 h 3 H C -1 6 .
rie p e A KO AAC KT H BOM aBToGyCHH'KOB BCTaA a aaAaqa — GucTpo ocBOHTb HOByio TeXHlHKy, nOATOTOBHB AAH 3TOTO BblCOKO1- KBaAH(j)HU.HpOiBaHHbie KaAPbl H COOTBeT- CTBeHHO OCHaCTHB MBTBpHajIbHO-TeXHHqe- CKyio Gaay. B stom HanpaBAeHHH npoAC- Aana i6oAbmaa paGoTa. PaapaGoTaHa tc x- HOAOTHH OiGCAyXiHBaHHH H peMOHTa aBTO- GycoB 3 H C -1 5 4 ; ciKOHCTpynpoBaHO h h3- roroB A eno GoAee ctb pa3AHqabix naHMe- HOBaHHH oGopyAOBaHHa, npHcnooo'GAeHHf"
h npnGopoB; opraHH30®aHbi h ocHameHbi pexH AHseAbHOH a n n a p a ry p b i, sAeKTpnqe- CKoro H nHeiBMaTHqecKoro oGopyAOBaHHsi H AP-! OCBOCHO H3rOTOBACHHC AO 150 H3H- 'MCHOBaHHH 3anacHbix qa cre ft a a h h o b h x aBToGycoB. Kd aac kth b GopeTCH 3a noBbi- HieHHe KyAbTypbi CBoero TpyAa h aoGiHach B 3TOM GOAbmHX yCOeXOB. CACAyeT O'TMe- THTb OTAHqHBHIHXCH Ha 3TOÖ paÔOTe HHXcenepoB t t. MaTBeeBa. HepHHiKOBa,
A ß T o G yc «M ociíBa» Ha 1-8 M e m a a c K o S yAHu,e.
<î>o t o B . flo e z x jiA O -
flo A ra n eB B h AP-, tc x h iik o-b t t. naptjmHO- Ba, O-eAbAMaHa, pa6oqHX-!H3o6peTaTeAeH t t.' K aAH am HH hob a, OpAOBCKoro1, MaBpn- Ha, AßAeeBa, SaMopnHa h a p y t h x, AAIî- uihx PHA ueHHbix npeAAOXteHHH.
M H o ro e oACAaHo h b acac hoatotobrh KaApoB. B aiîTOiiiKOAe yiipasACHHa nac- oaHCHpcKoro aBTOTpaHcnopTa co3AaHbi x y p - cbi n o nepenoATOTOBKe h inoBbimeHHK) k b3- AHijJHKaHHH mo(j)epoB. B HacToamee Bpe
MH 8 0 % mocJjepoB aBToGycoB hmciotk b3- A»(J)HKa:HHio 1 -ro h 2 -ro kabccob, a b Ga h- jKaftm.He MccMHbi 3a pyAeM aBToGycoB 6y- AyT toa b ko mofjpepbi 1 -ro h 2 -ro KAaccoB.
rioxroTO B Aeiibi t a khxc cothh paGoqnx h o- Bbrx Ha aBTOTpaacnopTe cneu,HaAbHocTe8:
AH3CAHCTOB, SAeKTpOTHrOlBHKOB H AP- 3 a nocACAHHe ABa roA a b aBToGycHoe xo3HÔ- ctbo npauiAO Gcwiee 100 m o a o a m x cneuna- AHCTOB — HHXCeHepOB H TeXHHKOB.
ycn e xH , AocTHrHyTbie b nocAeBoeHHOM BOCCTaHOBAeHHH H p 33BHTHiH aBToGyCHOTO TpaHcnopra c to ah u w, 3aB»cHT b nepByio oqepeAb ot rnnpoK oro p h3bhthh coHnaAH- CTHqecKoro co p c bhob a hhh . C Ka/KAbiM AHeM Bce m npe pasBepTUBaeTcn abhjkc- Hne mo(|)epoB 3a ¡BHCOKHe npoGern aBTO- GycoB 6c3 KaiMiTaAbHoro peMOHTa. 3thm ABHXieHHeM oxBaqeHO okoao h o a o b hh h Bcex motjDepoB, H3 ko to pm x 600 qeAOBeK y * e BbinOAHHAH CBOH COUH a A H CTH q e CKH e t>6 H3aTeAbCTBa h ycnemHo Gopiotch 3a noBbimeHHe AOAroBeqHocTH aBToGycoB, 3a 3KOHOMHK) rOCyAapCTBCHHblX CpeACTĘ H yBeAHqeHHe peHTaGeAbHocTH aBToGycHoro XOSHHCTBa.
HeAaBHO KOAAeKTHBbi 1 -ro h 3 -ro aBTO- GycHbix napKOB q gctbobaa h b m a b io iiíh x c h
îioTbicHqHiHKoB — Hkob3 Thtoba, HßaH a KapnoBa, HBana LÜAHXoBa, C epren C oc- KOBa h CTenana ByAAaKosa. ynpaB A ae- Mbie HMH aBToGycij saBepmHAH peKopAHHâ npoGer b 300 Tbic. k m 6 e3 KanHTaAbHoro peMOHTa, nepeKpbiB noHT« b qeTbipe pa3a ycTaHûBACHHbie HopMbi npoGera.
BoAee 250 Tbic. k m Ge3 KanHTaAbHoro peMOHTa npouiAH aBToGycbi, ko to pm m h ynpaBAHiOT A as KcaHzip OocfiaHOB, Z Im h t- pHH Bophcob h A p y ru e , Aasm ne ro cvA a p - CTBy cothh Tbicaq pyGAeft sko ho mhh.
O pa3Maxe h 3HaqeHHH SToro abhjkc- HHH MO>KHO CyAHTb nO CACAyKIHIHM HH(})- paM. ToAbKo 3a oahh 1948 r. b pe3yAb- TaTe yAAHHeHHH npoGera aBToGycoB «e GbIAH CAaHbl B KBHHTaAbHblH peMOHT 90 aBToGycoB, 3arpaTbi Ha peMOHTbi 00- KpaTHAHCb n o cpaBHeHHio c 1947 r . na 18,7% , a oGutan sko ho mhh npeBbiCHAa . 2,7 mäh. pyG. 3a tot x e 1948 r. C3K0- A ß T O ö yc 3 M C -1 5 5 n a KpeM xeßC K oft HaóepeiKHOH.
4>OTO B. ßoeZHAAO.
2 *
7
HoMJieHo no aBToCycHOMy TpaHenopiy 732 twc. a 6eH3HHa h 2233 KoiMnjieKTa
ih h h.
l i o HH,H¡unarHBe CTapeñmero ino<J)epa aBTOÓyca HBaHa MHTHHa ® a»T©6ycHbix napKax ampona paaBepHyaocb flBHxeHHe 3a oTJiHTOoe KaqecTBo paSoTbi. 245 Cparan lU'CXjDepOB, KO'HiayKTOpOB H peMOHTHblX pa- 6ohhx yoneuiHo óopioTca 3a O'ópaanoBoe o 6cjiyx«HBaHHe naccaacapoB, 3a BbicoKoe KaaecTBo TexHuqecKoro coctohmhh 3b t o- 6ycoe.
H a ocHoee aocthjkchhh mo^epoB-CTo- Tbicfl'iHHKOB h CpHrain OTjraqHoro «aqe- cTBa y¡npaBaeHne nace a Htnp choto aBTo- TpaHcnopTa nonyqHno soaMoxcnocTb BHen- pHTb cpeaHenporpeccHBHbie h o p m h n p o6e- ra aBTOÓyooB h pacxofla MaTepHajioiB, KOTopue yoneniHo nepeBbmojiHHiOTCH.
B aeHb 25-aeTHero ¡oÓHaea paSoTHHra aBBo¡6ycHóro TpaHcnopTa c qyBCTBOM 3a- KOHHOH rOpflO'CTH HaBblBaiOT HMeHa CBOHX CTapeñiiiHLX h nyqrnHK pa6oTHH«OB: Hh- Koaaa HiMHTpHeBHqa Hjibím a, AjiencaaHpa OaaeeBHqa KaabHeHKoBa, IIpoK ona Hkob- aeBHaa KocoBa, Aampea BaeHJibeBHqa FoipaaeiBa, n a s a a HsaHOBUaa JlyubaHeit, n a s a a EBrpatjmBHqa CMHpHoaa, ,ZÍmhtphh HBaHotBHqa HBaHOBa, AjieKcaHnpy Ahji- peeBHy XpeKHHy h mhothx npyrHx, sa- oay>KHBiiinx cbohm ao./irojieTHHM n o 6jie- CTHbiM TpyiHOM BbicoK'oe yBaHceHHe MHoro- TbicaqHoro KoaaeKTHBa. Cpej;« paóorHHKOB naccajKHpoKoro asTorpaHcnopra 3200 qe- aoseK Harpa,xifl6Hbi opaeHaMH « Menajia- MH CoBeTOKOrO Coi03a.
C jiejiya noaany nepe«OBbix npejmpHH-
thh MocKBbi, KoaaeKTHBbi aBToCycHbix napKOB B3aan coimajiHeTHqecKHe oSaaa- TeabCTBa no ycRopemno oSopaqHBaeMocrH ofiopoTHbix cpeacTB h yenenmo Bbinoji- HHIOT HX, BHCBoCoflHB H3 O'fiopOTa B nep- bom nojiyroHHH cBbime MHaaHOHa pyCaeft.
OmHaKo HiMeromneca pe3epBbi Hcnoab3o- BaHbi eme He jKwmocTbio.
Ha naccajKHpoKOM abtotpancnopTe cto- aniibi pasBepHynocb íoa bnioe cTpoHTejib-
ctbo. 3aiKaHq.HBaeiica nocrpoHKa aBTofiyc- Horo ra p a b a Ha XopouieBCKOM mocee, Hanano CTpoHTeabCTBo Tapanca b KyiyaoB- ckoh cjío&ane h p a ja aBToOycHbix CTaH- HHft H naBHJIbOHO'B.
n a p ra a h npaBHTenbCTBo npoaBnaioT HeyCTaHHO« BHHMaHHe K PH3BHTHK) aBTO-
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