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p a 3 p a 6 o T a H C T aH A apT Ha H o pM b i r a p a A Œ o r o n p o e K T H - P0B3HHH H B COOTBeTCTBHH C HHMH THnO Bbie n p o e K T b l r a p a jK e ñ Ha 5 , 10, 15, 2 5 , 5 0 , 7 5 ih 1 0 0 aBTOMOÓH- A e ñ a a h ro p o A C K o ro h B H e ro p o A C K o ro e rp o H T e A b - CTBa. C o 3 A a « b i T a io n e T H n o B b ie n p o e K T b l peM OHTHbix 33BOAOB MOHÍHOCTblO 2 5 0 , 5 0 0 H 1 0 0 0 K anH T aA bH blX peMOHTOB B TOA, THnO Bbie n p o e K T b l aBTOpeMOHTHblX MaCTepCKHX, CTaHHHH TeXHHneCKOTO OÖCAyjKHBaHHH aBTOMO'ÓHAeñ, 6 e h 3 0 p a 3 A S T on hh X c t3h u h h h r a p a m e ñ M HAHBHAyaAbHOrO n0A b30B aH H H .
B c e 3 Th M a p e p n a A b i H 3A aH w M a c c o B H M t hpajK O M , h HMH nOAb3yK)TCH pa3A H H H bie M H H H CTe pCTB 3 H B e
AOMCTB a.
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H p n nocpeACTBe H a in e ñ n e n a r a nepenoB O H o n b ir c r a - HOBHTCH AOCTOHHHeM IHHpOKHX XpyTOB padOTHHKOB a BTOX03 H H'CTB.
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r. aBT0X03HHCTBa
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m c c h-n,€B, paôoTajiH nymne,
h c m bnpoinnoM roAy. Tpy3o- Bbie nepeBOBKH opraHHBOBaHbi
b267 ropoAax.
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o b o ia h,
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a bha î e n ne;aBTodycHbifi TpaHcnopT
m h-HHCTepcTBa O'ôcjiyAiHBaeT 1200 ropoACXHx
hMeACAyro- pOAHblX MapmpyTOB OÔmeË npOTHAieHHOCTblO CBblUie 40 Tbic,.
k m.K Konny 1949 r. aeTodycbi d y a y r xypcn- poBaTb
b250 ropoAax. Æo Konna roAa
bo Bcex06- AacTHbix, KpaeBbix neHTpax, c ro n n n a x aBTOHOMHbix pecnydnnx,
bKpynHbix npoMbnujieHHbix ropoAax 06-
JiacTH oronoAniíHeHHH 0 Ha KypopTax
6 y A e T o p ra H H -3opaHó TaKCOMOTopiHoe cooömeHHe.
Po c t o ß n e M a rp y 3 0 B b ix n ep e B 0 3 0 K conpoB O A íA aeT- CH yjiyq m o H H e M o c h o b h m x 'noK asaTenefl HcnonbBOBa- HHH aBTOMOÓHAeñ 0 CHHAiOHHeM CeÔeCTOHMOCTH n e - peB 030K . Ec j ih Bbipa-öoTKy o a h o t o cnHCOHHono 3 -t o h- fn n o / aB T0M o^ HJIH B cpeA H eM n o C C C P npHHHTb 3a 1 0 0 /o, TO BbipaÖOTKa OAHOTO 3-TOHHOTO aBTOMO'ÖHJIH b aBTOXOSHHCTBaX MuHHHCTepCTBa aBTOMOÓHAbHOTO T S ? 5c n o P r a P C O G P c o cT a B jta eT
no
t o h h3m131%
bÎ7 0 0/ r * H1r,l2 4 0 /° B 1 9 4 8 r -> a n o TOHHOKHAOMeTpaM 1
3
/o b1947
r. n182%
b1948
r. n o n e3HbiH n p o - o e r a'BTOMoÓHjieñ b aBToxosHHCTBax M HHHCTepcTBa a b t o t p a He n o p T a P C O C P 6 b iji Ha15%
B u m e n o jie3- H o ro n p o ö e r a aBTOMoÖHAen: b cpeA HeM n o C C C P b H e n o « , a će6ecTO0MOCTb n ep eB 0 30 K o a h o t o t o h h o'- KHAOMeTpa HHAce. cp eA H e n ceS ecxonM ocTH e r o Ha28%
b1947
r. h Ha32,9%
b1948
r.B TOT M OMeilT, KO TA a MHHHCTepCTBO, eTO aBTOXO- 3HHCTBa^ h n p e A n p H H T H H n e p e n iH B a n n e m e o p r a H H 3 a - HHO HHbiH n e p H O A , H a n a jia c b iB e jin n a n o c B o ö o A H T e A b - H a n (6 o p b 6 a cobotckoto H a p o A a n p o T H B ^ a u n r c T C K H X 3aXBaTH H KO 'B.
P a ö o a n e , H H *e H e p H o -T e x H H n e c K H e paßoTH H K H n c jiy A ia m n e aBTO TpaHcnopTa BMecTe c o BceM cobct
-
CKHM HapOAOM TOpHHO BOCnpHHHAH n p H3bIB BejIHKOTO boaíah h yHHTeAH T O B a p n m a O r a jiH H a n p e ß p a T H T b H a m y c T p a « y b eAH Hbm¿
ooboh n a r e p b .B r o A b i B e jiH K O H ÜTenecTBeH HO H b o h h u a ß T o x o - 3HHCTB3 MHHHCTepCTBa nepeB €3JIH ÖOAbUIOe KOAHHe- CTBO OÖOpOHHblX 0 BaAiHeHUIHX HapOAHOX03HHCTBeH- H b ix r p y 3 0 B ; n p o M b im jie H H b ie npeA npH H TH H O T p eM o n- TH pO B ajIH AJIH H y ACA cjjpOHTa A6CHTKH TbICHH 3BTOMO-
ÖHJieö, ABHraxeAefl,
u ih h,
hbtotobjihahrapaACHoe 060- pyAOBaHHe, a yneßHan ceTb roTOBHAa KBanncfjHnHpo- BaHHblX aBTOMOÖHAHCTOB AJIH CoBeTCKOH ApM00.
M Horne aBTopaöoTHHKH OTMenenbi
bhcokhmhnpaBH-
T e jIb C T B e H H b lM H H a r p a A S M H — O p A 6 H 3 M H 0 M e A 3 A H M H . H e c M O T p n Ha o rp o M H b ie p a a p y u ie H H H aBToxo3HHCTB, npH H H H eH H bie BOHHOH, MHHHCTepCTBO eACeTOAHO1 Ha npoTHAiCHH H B ceTo nocA eß oeH H O T o nepH O A a o ö e c n e q n - B aeT 3H anH TeA bH biH p o c T aB T o nep eB 0 3O K 0 n p o M b im - AeHHOH npOAyKHHH. E l 0 e B
1947
T. H aiUH 3BTOX03HH- CTBa n p e B 3 o n iA H AO BocH HbiH o6"beM r p y 3 0 B b ix n e p e - B 030K ,a
b1948 r. —
o ß n e M n a c c a > K H p o n e p e B 0 3 0 K . r la u iH n p o M b iu iA e n H b ie npeA npH H TH H np eB H C H Jin by ^ y n m e H n e ocH O B H bix n o K a s a T e n e ił npHBOAHT k n o B b in ie H H io p e h t a ß e n b ho c t h p a ö o T b i a B T o n a p x a . JXo- C T aT on no y K a 3 a T b , h to TOAbKO 3 a
1948
r . Ha K a A íA b iñ CnHCOHHblH aBTOMOÖHAb B aBTOX03HHCTBaX MHHHCTep- CTBa n o n y q e H o C B b iu ie20
t h c. p y ß . H a K on neH H H . D r ^ r n B CHCTeM e M H H H C T e p c T B a a B T O T p a H c n o p T acpeAHHH BbipaÖOTKa OAHOTO' 3b t o m o6h a h M o m a 6bi 6biTb 3HanHTeAbHo Bbinie, c c a h 6bi B ce aß - roxosHHCTBa CAeAOBaAH n p H M e p y nepeAO Bbix, a o ö h- BaiOLAHXCH 0 3 TOAa B t o a 3HaHHTCAbHOrO pOCTa o c - HOBHbix n oK an aT en eH p a d o r a .
B aBT0XO3HHCTB3X MHHHCTepCTBa HMCIOTCH TaKACe y c n e x H b o k o h o m h h 3 a n a c H b ix n a c T e ñ , M aT epnaA O B , T onA H B a, B yBCAHqcHHH n p o ö e r a u i h h. T a x , b
1948
r . O biA o csKO HO M AeHo3,5
m ä h. a 6eH 3H H a, a n p o d e r aiBToniHH y b c ah a c h n a20— 25%
npoTH B y c T a h o ba c h - HblX HOpM.B oA binoH p a 3 M a x noAynHAO copeBHOBaHne m otj)e- poß 3 a BbicoKHH MeAipeMOHTHbiH n p o d e r aBTOModn- ACH. B HaCTOHinee ßpeM H B aBT0X03HHCTBaX M H H H CTepcTBa aBTO TpaHcnopTa P C O C P CBbiuie 6 t h c h h n nxliep o B B3HAH Ha c e d a odH3aTeAbCTBa npoÖTH 10 0 h doA ee t m c h h k h a o merp o B de3 KanH TaA bH oro peMOHTa. M H O TH e A3 HHX y>Xe BbinOAHHAH B3HTbie o d H 3 a T e A b C T B a .
3a M e n a T e A b H o e AßHAceHHe rnoif) e po b -c t o t h c hh hh - Ko b HM eeT o rp o M H o e HapoAHoxo3HHCTBeHHoe 3H an e- HHe He TOAbxo noTOMy, HTo mocjjepbi, yBeAHHHBan
2
m e>Kip e m o ht h bi ñ n p o -6 e r aBTOMOÓHjieS, s x o h o m h t cpeACTBa Ha peMOHTax, h o h noTO M y, a t o o h h CHCxe- MaTHHecKH n e p e B b m o jiH H iO T
nAa«bi
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b h a hra p a jx n o ro ofíopyAOBaHHH — rHapaBJiHH-ecKHe npeccbi, cTa-UHOHapHbie Ko-Mtipeoco- pbi, MoenHbie MauiHHbi
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k o h-CTpyKHHH
-hKanecTBO pHAa panee BbinycxaBiHHxcH H3-
ACa h h. BHacToamee BpeMH TOjibKo 3aBOAbi xpe-cra
T A P OBbinycKaiOT
a o 100«aHMeHOBaHHH rapa>KHoro oóopyaoBaHHH. Bojibin-oe xoAHAecTBo
b h a o b ototoo5opyaoBaHHH iHaxoAHTCH
bnpo-n-ecce ooBoe-HHH.
B H A H o é Mecxo- b -CHOreMe M H H H C TepeTB a aBTOTpaHC-
-nopTa
P C O C P 3aHHMaeT aBxo-pemoh t h-oe AeAO,n ojiy-
HHBUiee b C C C P o n e H bgoAbmoe
pa3BH TH e. A B x o p e - MOHTHbie n p eítnpH H T H H C K aíK A blM rOA'OM yB ejIH H H - BaKDT o ó 'b eM -B binycxaeM O H n p o fly K H H H , ih -B H a c T o a m e e BpeM H XOAHAeCXBO X anH TaA bH O OTPeMOHTHpOBaHHblX aBTOMoSHJieH h A B u r a ie jie n A o c r a r a e T a c c h t x o b r a i- CHA B TOA-C jie ^ y e T oT-MeTHTb, a t o Ha HamHX 3aB 0A ax oo-Bep- m-eHHo H3M-eHHJicH xa ip a xT e p peMOHTa ab t o m o-6h j ie ñ . ABTOpeMOHTHbie 3a-B0AbI npOH3BOAHT XanHTaAbHblñ peM-OHT aBTOMOÓHjueñ He n yxeM 3aMeHbi H3HomeH- Hbix A e T a jie ñ h o b h m h, noAynae-MbiMH o t n p o M b im - JieHHOCTH, a B -OCHOBHOM BOCCTaHOBJieHHeM H H3rOTOB- jie n n e M Ha Mecxe gojibtuHHCTBa A e T a jie ñ aBTOMoó-H- jie ñ , HaHHHaa o t H o p M a jie ñ , xoH Aan c a o h íh h m h x o h h- HecKHMii mecxepHHMH. H a m h o t h x 3aB 0A ax ocBoeHbi HOBbie TexiHHH-ecKH 6-ojiee ooBeipmeHHbie MexoAbi pe-
m o h t3 A e x a jie ñ — o c T a jin B a n n e , n-op-HCToe xp o M H p o - BaBHe h AP-J BBeAeHbi noxoAHbie a h h h-h n o H3roxoB- jieH H io A e T a jie ñ , peMOHTy y3Ji-0B h a rp e ra x o B h
c 6 o p x e aBTO-MofíHJieñ, 3HaAHxeAbHO noBbim aiom ,He n p o H 3 B O A H T e jib H O C T b T p y A a .
-C e íÍA a c B H H M a a H e aBTO peM O HTHHXO B -HanpaB Ji'e-H o Ha y A y n m e H H e T e x H -o jio T H H p e M O H T a h n p o n 3b o a c t ba A e - T a jie n h y jiy q m e iH iie x a A e c T B a p e M o m a a B T O M o 6 n jiH b Hc a o m. H a p H A y c s t h m H a 3 a B O A a x e e A e T C H -n o A ro T O - B H ie jib H a H p a é o T a k T O M y ,
nro-Sbi e
H a n a jia1950 r.
npHCTynnTb
k p e M O H T y H O B b ix M a p o x aBTO-Mo-5HJieH:TA 3-51, 3H C -150
hM -20 «HoSeAa».
TpyAHO na3BaTb KaKyro-jiHSo- A p y r y io o T p a c jib Ha- pOAHO-ro X03HHCTBa, KOTOpaH -6bl TaK '6bICTpO- ipaSBHBa- Aa-Cb,
xa x aBTOMO'fíHA'bHblH
TpaHCnOpT. 3aXOHO'M o BOCCTaHOBJieHHH H P33BHTHH HapOA'HOIX) X03HHCTB3 Ha 1946— 1950 r r. n p e A y c M o r p e n Bbinycx b 1950 r.5 0 0 TbIC. aBTOMOfíiHJIeH, A JI« 0-6cAy>XH'BaHHH KOTOpblX HOTpedyeTCH a o MHAAHOHa neA O B ex.
3t o o n p e A e A H e T o rp o -M H y ro n o x p e S H o c T b b h o a- ro-TOBxe HHHceHepoB, TexHHXOB, M e x a H u x o B , m o 4 ie - p-OB h peM O H TH bix paS oH H X AAH h b t o t pa’H c n o p T a .
MnHHCTepcTBo y ae jiH jro h y A e jin e T SoAbinoe b h h- M a iH n e 3 T O M y B o n p o e y . 3 a A e c a T b jie T b y n e Ó H o ñ c e r a MHHHCTepeTBa HOA TOTOB A e H 0 CBbIHie MHAA-HOH 3
UIO(})epOB, peMOHTHblX pafíO'IHX H TeXHHKOB. PIpOBO- AHtch doAbuiaa padoTa no yAynmeHHio xanecraa noAroTO-BKiH xaApoB h noAHraxo-BoenHTaTeAbHOH pa- 6o t h cpeAH CAyuiaieACH ynefíHbix 3aBeAeHHH.
ZleCHTHAeTHHH -OnblT pafío-Tbl aBTOXOSHHCTB H npO- MblUIAeBHblX npeAnpHHTHH MHHHCTepeTBa CBHAeTeAb- CTBy-eT O BO-3MO-JXHOCTH 3HaHHTeAbHOrO nOBblUieHHH ypoBHH hcnoAbsoBahhh aBTo-TpaHcnopTa, yAynmeHHH axoHOMHHecKHX noxa3aTeAeH ero paSorai h npeBpa- meHHH aBTOTpaHcno-pTa b Bbicoxop-eHTafíeAbHyro ot- pacAb xo 3HHcraa.
OHeipeAHbie aaAanH 3axAfoqatOTCH b ycxopeHHH pa3- BHTHH a-BTO-X03HHCTB o 6lII,er-0 nOAbBOBaHHH, B yBeA-H- neHHH ofíneMa nepeB03ox BajKiH-eHuiHX HapoAHOxo- 3HHCTBeHHbIX Tpy30B H naCCaíKHpCKHX nepeB030X, a TaxHí-e b AaAbHeñmeM yAynmeHHH xanecTBeHHbix noxa3aTeAeñ pa'SoTbi aBTOMofíHAeH — noBbimeHHH HX HCn0Ab30B3HHH, AHKBHAaHHH HenpOH3BOAHTeAbHbIX npocToeB h xoAOCTbix npoóeroB.
H am n aBTOxosHHCTBa aoajkihh HeycTa-HHO nofibi- rnara xyAbTypy nipo-H3BOACTBa, BHeApaTb HOBbie HaH- 6oA-ee pauHOHaAbHbie MexoAbi opraHasaunn paSorai, HMea b BHAy, ato pa6oxa a btotp a Heno pTa CBH33H3 c yAob aeTBopeh hem noBceAHeBHbix Hy>KA HapoAHoro X03HHCTB3 Hi IHHp-O'KHX CAOeB HaCeAeHHH.
UMeromnecH y nac pe3epBbi o-AeHb BeAHXH.
B nepByro onepeAb Heo6xoAHMo Bce 6oAee mnpoxo pa3BHB3Tb ABHJXeHIie IXIO-cJ)eipOB-CTOTbICHHHHXOB, ABH- HíeHHe 3a otahahoc xanecTBO- pafiorai, 3xohom hio Me- T3AA3, 6e-H3HHa, iMaCCA, aBTOHIHH.
HeAb3H 3a6bmaTb, hto 3xcnAO-aTan,HOHHbie h Tex- HHKo-axoHOMHAecxHe noxa3aTeAH pafíorai mo^epoB- CTOTblCHHHHXO'B B ABH-TpH pa3a npeBbimaiOT CpeAHHe noxa3aTeAH no aBToxo3HHCTBaM. floaTOMy Heo6xoAH- mo b AaAbHeHuieM noArarHBaTb noxa3aTeAH p ad o ra xaK A oro ui-o-tjjepa ao ypoBHH nepeAOBHXOB, rnape pacnpo-CTpa-HHH hx onbiT. M norH e pyxoBOAHTeAH Ha- HIHX mpeAnpHHTHH H aBTOXO-3HHCTB AO CHX nop Be- AyT em,e heA'OCThtonhyro paSo-xy no pacnpocTpaHeHHK) onbiTa AynuiHX aio ach aBTOTpaHcnopTa, ne BcerAa o-xa3biBaiOT HeodxoAHMyio no-M0ui,b mo^epaM-CTorbi- CHHHHK3 M, pafíOAHM — HOBaXOpaM, pa-HHOH3AH33TOp3M h H3o6 pexaTeAHM.
H au ia o 6H33HHOCXb--- yBeAHHH'BaTb OÓX>eM npOH3- BOAcraa rapaxíHoro -oóopyAOBaHHH, pacmnpHTb a-ccop- THMeHT, CBoeBpe¡MeHHO Mo-AepiHH3HpoBaTb y-CTapeBaio- iAHe H3AeA¡HH rapaxíH oro o-So-pyAOBaHHH, oAHOBpe- M6HHO- CHHHOH HX CTOHMO-CTb nyTeM HaAaHÍHBaHHH MaccoBoro npoH3BOACTBa. H e o 6xoAHMO yBeAHHHBaxb cera npeAnpHHXHH no peMOHTy aBTOMOÓHAeH h 3bto- u ih h, a Taxxce cerb cxaHUHH TexHHAe-cxoro oScAyxra- iB3hhh aBTOMo-ÓHAeH, ahcao KGTopbix y «ac em e xpañ- He H eAOCT aTOAiHO.
P a 6 oTHHXH aBTOTpaHcnopxa a o a h íh h noBecTH pe- HiHTeAbHyK) 6opbóy co bchxofo poAa 6 eexo-3HHCTBeH- Ho-CTbio, H-enpon3B-oAHxeabh m m h noTepHMH, Hapyuie- HHHMH (})HHaHCOBOH H HITaTH-OH AHCHHnAHHbl, AO0 H- Bancb AaAbHeñmero cHH>xeHHH cefíecTO-HMOCTH neipe- B0-30-X H npOMblUIAeHHOH npOAyKHHH.
M bi AOAHíHbi, He ycnoxaHBaHCb Ha AocxnrHyraix yenexax, HeycTaHHO yAynmaTb padoTy aBTOMOÓHAb- Horo TpaHcnopia.
3
t 3 K C I 1A O A T A L I M i l 7 ABTOMO BHAbHOrO TPAHCITOPTAi
3KCnJ10ATABH0HHLIE KAHECTBA ABTOMOEHJM
„MOCKBHB“
Kand. mexn. nayn A- BEJIMKAliOB
B nocjieÆHHe noau innpoKoe pacnpo- CTpaHeHHe b CoBeroKOM Coio3e ncwiyiaioT aBTOMOÖHJIH MHflHB'HÄyajlbHOrO nOJIb30Ba- HHH. yjK e B iHaCTOHIBee BpeMH B íKpynHblX ropoaax paöoTaiOT Tbicnnii aBTOMoÖHJieii
« Mockbhh», BbinycKaeMbix Mockobckhm 3aB0ia,0M iMajiojiHTpaa<Hbix aBTOMoÖHJieii.
B íi,6bhth ropoaax o m p m u Mara3HHbi ABTOMOTOBejIOTOpra, B KOTOipUX aBTOMOÓH- m npoaaioTCH HHaHBHayanbHbiM Bjiaaejib- uaM.
B uejiHx opeHKH KanecTBa 'H3roTOBaeHHH aBTOMoÓHJieft « Mockbhh», ooBepmeHCTBa HX íKOHCTpy.KBHH H CO'OTBBTCTBHH TpeÓOBa- HHHM, KOTOpblM HOJDKeH OTBeqaTb aBTO- MOÖHJIb JIHHHOrO n0JIb30BaHHH, B nepH0<4 c 15 MapTa no 1 hiojih 1949 r. 6bum npoBeaeHbi hx rocyaapcTBeHHbie Hcnu- T3HHH.
OKU
HcnbiTaHHHM 6 b im noflBeprHyTbi 6 anTO- MOÖHJieH « Mockbhb» IH flan cpaBHeHHH ÄBa aBTOMOÖHJIH T A 3-M -20 «noöeaa».
M3 aBTOMOÖHJieft «MociKBHq» öbuio: xpH CTaH^apTHbix (b inajibHeflnieM NsNo 1 2 h 3 ) , oähh c KyaoBOM «(fiyproH» (No ’ 4) rpyaono/iBeMHocTbio 200 xr, oaHH SKcne- pHMeHTajIbHblH (Ns 5) C IMOIIIHOCTblO ABH- raTejiH, noBbiineHHOH ao 26 a. c., h ho bo« KopoÖKoft nepeaan c pbiqaroM nepe- KjuoqeHHH Ha pyjieBoii kojiohkk h ohhh (Ns 6) c yHHBepcajibHMM rpy3o-nacca- JKHpCKHM KyaOBOM.
Abtomoöhjiih « Mockbhh» NsNs 1, 2 h 3 HcnbiTbmajmcb Ha iHHHax pa3MepoM 4,50— 16" a ocTajibHbie — Ha uiHHax pa3- MepoM 5,00—,16".
Bcero 3a nepnoa HcnbnaHHH aBTOMo- öhjihiM« npoäaeHo no 10 tłjc. km, ® tom HHcjie 6900 km b öojibiuoM npoöere no CCCP b pa3Hooöpa3Hbix aopo>xHbix ycjio- BHHx. n p o ö e r Öbin nposeneH b nepnoa c 24 anpejiH ,no 29 Man 1949 r . no MapinpyTy: MocKBa — XapbxoB — C/ra- JiHHo — Poctob — ÆaaynKHKay _ jvia- xaq-K ana — EaKy — TÖhjihch — KyTan- cH — CyxyMH — HoBopoccHïioK — Kepnb — CHMijiepononb — ÆHenponeTpoBCK — Xapb- kob — MocKBa (cm. KapTy Ha pac. 1 ).
M3 6900 km öbuio npoäneHo:
а) no xopoiHHM noporaM c actfianbTo- BHM noKpbiTHeM — 2025 k m;
б) no xoponiHM meöeHOHHbiM, rpa- BHHHbiM H öyjibiÄHbiM aoporaM—352 k m;
Phc.
2
. no ropHbiM aoporaM .Hareciana.b) no aciJjajibTHpoBaHHbiM, meßeHon- HbiM u öyjibDKHbiM aoporaM cpeaHero KanecTBa — 1977 k m;
r ) no TeM «ce aoporaM b H3HouieHHOM COCTOHHHH — 387 ikm;
a) no xoponiHM, pobhmm rpyHTOBbiM aoporaM — 556 k m;
e) no rpyHTOBbiM aoporaM cpeaHero KaqecTBa, noxpuTUM nnjibio, «Horaa rpH3bio,— , 1440 k m;
5k) no ropoÄOKHM npoe3aaM —■ 159 k m. Okojio 15°/# Bcero MapmpyTa cocTaB- jiHJiH ropHbie aoporn (pnc. 2 ). B nyTH BCTpenajiHCb yqacTKH c rjiyöoK oä rpa3bio (pnc. 3), necnaHbie, K pym e HeÖJiaro- ycTpoeHHhie ropHbie ¡aoporn, nepenpaBbi BÖpoÄ nepe3 poKH rjiyÖHHoft ao- 0,7—0,8 m
(pnc. 4) u nepe3 KaMeHHCTbie py’cjia ropHHx ,peK (p;Hic. 5).
KpoMe aajibHero npoöera, b cocTao HcnbiTaHHft bxokhjih 3ae3flbi no xapaKTep- HblM MapiHpyTaM B yCJIOBHHX rOpoaCKO,!«
aBHKCCHHH, onpeaeaeHHe aHHaMHqecKHX u 9KOHOMHH6CKHX KaKOCTB aBTOMOÖHJieÖ Ha MepHOM KHaoMSTpoBOM ynacTKe aopora, naöopaTOpHbie HccaeaoBaHHH, oÖMepbi h B3B6inHßaHHH aBTOMoönaeö, CTeHaoBbie KcnbiTaHHH aBHraieaefl, pa3ÖopKa aBTO- Phc.
1
. KapTa Mapmpyia npoöera aBTOMoönaeft «Mockbhk»Mofinneñ, MHKpoMeTpHpoBaHHe ochobhijx AeTaneñ h ocMOTp hx coctohhhh b H aw - jie h b KOHue HcnbiTaHHH u jiafiopaTop- Hbie. HccaieAOBaHHH Bcex noBpeJKAeHHbix 3a BpeMH HcnbiTaHHft AeTaneñ.
TexHHAecKoe o&nyHiHBaHHe aBTOMo6n- neñ b nepHom HcnbixaHHñ npoBOAUnocb B TOHHOM COOTBeTCTBHH C 3a®0A€Kofi HHCTpyKUHeíí.
Pe3yjibTaTbi nposaAeHHbix HcnuTaHHñ nosBOJiujiH inaib A'OCTaTOMHO nojiHyio oueHiKy BKcnji'oaTauüoHHbix KanecTB 3bto- MO'ÓHJieñ « Mockbhh».
Bk o h o m h h h o c t l n o p a e x o A y 6 e H 3iiH a SKOHOMíHHHOCTb aBTO'MOÓIlJieH OHeHHBa- aiacb no BKOHO'MHnecKHM xapaKTepncTHKaM h cpenHHM BejiHnnHaM pacxoAa 6eH3HHa na 100 km inpoOera b paaHbix Aopo»cHbix yCJlOBHHX.
Bce H'cnbiTaHHH npoBOHHJincb hjih Ha HOBOM CTaHAapTHOM aBTOMOÓHJIbHOM 6eH- 3H«e A-66, hjiiH Ha cMecH paHee BbinycKaB- rneroca aBTo6eH3HHa c 6eH3HHOM B-70 B ipaBHblX HPOH'OPHHHX. 3tH 6eH3HHbI, Kan noKaaaaiH nipeABapHxenbHbie «cnbiTa- HHH, HBJI5HOTCH BHOJIHe paBHO'HeHHblM TOHJIHBOM AHH aBTOMOfiHAeft. Bo BpeMH HCnbITaHHH Bce aBTOMOÓHnH HOCTOHHHO HMeAH DOAHyio none3Hyio «arpysKy.
3;K0H0MHHeCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH, nony- neHHbie HpH HCHbiTaHHHX AO H nocne AanbHero npoO era, npHBeAeHbi Ha pac. 6 h 7.
'Kan noKa3biBaioT sth XapaKTepHCTHKH, MHHHManbHbie pacxoAbi 6eH3HHa cocTaB- ASHOT OlKOA'O 7,5 A Ha 100 KM nipH CKO- pOCTH ABHHíeHHH OKOAO 40 Km/m C; HpOTe- Kanne KpHiBbix Ha ynacTKe Hanóonee npHMeHH6MbIX CKOpOCTeft ABHHCeHHH
(20—60 KM/nac) AocTaTonno nonoroe.
XapaiKTepHCTHMH, noAyneHHbie nocne npofíera, naKa3biBaiQT yMeHbmeHne pacxo- Aa 6eH3HHa b cpaBHeHHH c h obh m h 3bto- moOhahmh 6narotnapa TOMiy, ato 3a bto BpeMH npHpaOoTanHCb TpymnecH Aeiann aBTOMoOHAH.
XapaKTepHO OTMeTHTb, HTO aBTOMOÓHnb
«Mookbhh» c Ky30BOM <<‘4)yproH» (xpaBaa N° 4 ), HeC'MOTpH Ha HeCKOAbKO OÓAbHIiHH ero Bec b opaiBHeHHH c ocranbHbiMH aBxo- mo6hahmh (Ha 70 ner) u yBenHTCHHbiñ npoijmnb fflHH, pacxoAOBan npn hqctohh- HHX CKOpOCTHX flBHJKeHHH Ha pOBHOM
Ph;. 3. F ny6oK aa rpH3b na o6T>e3Ae peMOHTHpyeMoro ynacTKa mocee.
Phc. 4. BópoA nepe3 peny ÜMaHcy (fla re c T a H ).
Phc. 5. lio KaMetiMCTOMy pycny ropHoñ peKH.
ac<j>anbTe cTonbKo »ce 6eH3HHa, ckoamco nerKOBbie aBTOMofiHAH «Mockbhh».
I lp n HcnbiTaHHHX o ycnoBHax ropoACRO- ro ABHsceHHH KancAbiH aBTOMofíHAb npo- inen oKono 1400 k m. Ilp n stom cpeAHHH . pacxoA 6eH3HHa coct3bha 8,95 n/100 k m, c KoneOaHHHMH y pa3Hbix aBT0Mo6Hneñ Ha MapmpyTax pa3AHHHOH caohchocth a npeaenax 8,3— 9,7 n/100 k m. rip n sthx
* e HCnbITaHHHX B OAHHaKOBblX yCAOBHHX cpeAHHH pacxoA 6eH3HHa Asyx aBTOMoSH- neft «IIoéeAa» cocTaBHn 12,17 n/100 k m. CpeAHHH pacxoA 6eH3HHa no mecra aBTOMOÓHAHM « MoCKBHH» 3a 6900 KM CO- CT3BHA 8,9 n/100 IKM (c KOneOaHHHMH b npenenax ot 7,5 ao 10,5 n/100 km ib3a- bhchmocth ot AopooKHbix ycnoBHíi). P ac
xoA 6eH3HHa aBTOMOÓHAHMH «MoCKBHH»
c mHHaMH 4,50— 16" u 5,00— 16" 6 u n OflHHaKOBbIM.
PacxoA 6eH3HHa aBTOMoónneM «Mo- CKBHH» C Ky30B0tM THHa «iJjypXOH» B Aanb- bcm npoSere b pa3Hbix aopohchhx ycno
BHHX npn nepeMeHHbix oKopocTHX ABHHce- HHH 6bin HeCKOAbKO ifiÓAbmHlM no cpaB- HeHHIO C neTKOBblMH a BTOiM 06 HA H‘MH (Ha 3 % ).
llonyHeHHbie npn HcnbiTaHHHX pacxoAbi 6«H3HHa aBXOMO'ÓHAHMH «MoCKBHH» nOKa- 3hiaaiOT, HTO HX SKOHO'MHHHOCTb COOTBeT- CTHyeT TeXHHHeCKHM yCAOBHHM, yCTaHOB- neHHbiM aahstoxo aBXOMoÓHna (8 n/100 km no xopomeMy poBHOMy mocee).
OaHHKO HeofixOflHMO OTMeTHTb, HTO pacxoAH 6eH3HHa aBTOMO'ónneM « Mockbhh» 8,9—8,95 n/100 k m, nonyaeHHbie npn HcnbixaHuax, aBnaioxca cpasHHTenbHO b h-
cokhmh no OTHomeHHio k SKcnnoaTanHOH- bo0 HopMe 9 n/100 km i(cpeAHHft pacxoA óeH3HHa no aBTOMoBnnaM «üoóeAa», yaacTBOBaBmHM b tom »ce npoOere, co- CTaBHn 11,68 n/100 km npn SKcnnoaTa- HHOhhoh HopMe 13,5 n/100 k m). B Aanb- HeM npo6ere paexo« ¿eH3HHa aBTOMoOH- naMH «FIofíeAa», OTHeceHHbiñ k 1000 Kr Beca aiBxoMoÓHna, cocTaBHn 5,97 n/100 k m, a y aBTOMoOnneH « Mockbhh» b Tex * e ycnoBHHX — 7,66 n/100 k m.
^H K aM im e cK iie h AopoacHwe i anecTna CpeAHee 3HaneHne MaKCHManbHoñ cko- pOCTH ABHHCeHHH HO HeTblpeM aBTOMOÓH- ahm « Mockbhh» (N2JX2 1, 2, 3 u 4 ), onpe-
II
C3i W
I
■ 1— 1— I— --- ,---t---r---1--- ABmoMo6uM N-l A0mOMo6unb N-2 A6moMo6unb N9 3
—-0— ---fidmoMOOu/ib N! 4
°-TP
20 30 w 70 80 90
Ph c. 6. SKonoMHaecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH aBTOMOÓHneft
« Mo c k b h h» nepeA AanbHHM np o6 eroM (nocne npeA B apiiTenb- H oro n p o ó e ra 2800 k m).
50 60
CKOpoemb. KM/bOC
Phc. 7. 3K0H0MHHecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH aBTOMoSuneft
«Mockhhh» nocne npo6era 9900 km.
2 ABroMOfi.inh, N i 9
Ó
.‘U'.neinioe u a MepftoM KHaóMefpe, cocra-
bh ao nepea npoSeroM 85,4 KM/qac h
nocae npoóera 89,0 KM/qac.
yBejim eHne CKopocTH ABHJKeHHH nocae npO'6era HBaneTCH caeacTBHeM np»pa6oT-
kh TpymuxcH aeTaaeft. 3to noaTsepjK- aaeTCH npoHcmeauiHM 3HaqHTeabHbiM yBe- jmaeHiHeM nyxH CBoSoAHoro «at o m a aBT0MO6HJieH C «aaajIbHOH CKOPOCTH B 50 KM/qac. f lo npofiera oh cocTaiBAHA 355 m, a nocae npofiera 451,5 m.
CpeflHHH npOiA'OJIJKHTejIbHOCTb pa3roHoo aBToMoóHjieft np« HcnbiTaHHHx nocae npo-
<5era 6biaa caeayiomeft:
а) c MecTa Ha paccTOHHHe 100 m— 12,5 eeiK.; Ha 200 m — 19,7 cex.; Ha 300 m — 25,5 cex. h Ha 400 m — 31,4 cex.;
б) Ha inpHMoft nepeaane c HaqaabHoft CKopocTH 20 KM/qac: Ha paccTOHHHe 100 m—-11,4 cen.; Ha 200 m— ■19,8 ce,K.;
ha 300 m — 25,8 cex.; Ha 400 m — 31,8 eeK.
XapaKTepHo OTMeTHTb, hto b opaBHeHHH c aBTOMO'S'HasMH « rio6eaa» npoaoajKH- TeabHocTb pa3roH0B aBTOMoÓHaeft « Mo ckbhh» c MecTa b nepBuft nepnoa (ao 200 m) Cbiaa npaiKTHHeoKH oAHHaKOBoft;
npn pa3roHe JKe Ha npHMoft nepeaane npoaoaJKHTeabHocTb OKa3aaacb aa>Ke He- CKoabKo MeHbmeft, qeM y aBTOMoOHaeft
«Ilofieaa». 3to inoaBoaHeT aarb BbicoKyio OUeHKy HHTeHCHBHOCTH pasrOHOB aBTOM'O- ÓHaeft « Mockbhh».
Cpeanne TexunnecKHe CKopocra a;BTO- Mo6naeft « Mockbhh» b ycaoBHHX ropoa- CKOTO aBHJKeHHH ¡KoaeóaaHeb b npeaeaax
■ot 23 ao 28 KM/qac, b aaBH'CHMOcra ot caojkhocth MapmpyTa. CpeaHHH rexHHqe- CKan cKop'OCTb b aaabHeM npoSere co- cTaBHaa 38,16 KM/qac, c KoaeSaHHaMH b npeaeaax ot 23 KM/qac Ha aoporax c pa3pymeHHbiM KaMeHHbiM noKpbmieM ao 55 KM/qac Ha aoporax c xoponiHM acipaabTOBbiM noKpbiTHeM.
floayqeHHbie bc\thhhhi-,i opeaHHx TexHH- qecKHX oKopocTefl hbahiotch aocTaTOHHO BbicoKHMH aa h MaaoaHTpaxiHbix abtomo- CiHaeft h ho3Boahiot npH3HaTb AHHaMHne- OKHe KaqecTBa aBTOMofimiH « Mockbhh» BnoaHe yaoBneTBopHTeabHbiMH.
HafiaioaeHHH, npoBeaeHHbie b nepnoa HcnbiTaHHH, noKa3aan, hto Ha aoporax C pOBHbIM aCIpaabTOBbIM noKpbiTHeM ycTOHHHBOCTb aBTOMO'6HaH «Mockbhh» ao- CTaTOHHo xopoman, oaHaKo Ha aoporax c HepOBHbIM noKpbiTHeM ycTOHHHBOCTb aBTOMO'S'HaiH aa iu m a x 4,50—
16" yxyamaeTCH u He ao- nycKaeT • CKopocTeft aBHsce- hhh 6oaee 40— 50 KM/qac.
Ha iHHHax 5,00— 16" ycToft- HHBOCTb aBTOMOÓHAH B 9THX ycaoBHax ocTaeTCH xopomeft.
0,25 0,50 0,75 1,0 1,25 1,50 1,75 2,0 cbk Ph c. 8. KpHBbie 3aTyxatiHH KoaeóaHHH n p n aa- O opaT opiibix HcnuTanHHX m h t k o c t h nepeaH eft
n o a B e c K n :
c — KpHBaH KO^e6anHH Ky30Ba; 6 —k p h b b h KOJieóaHHfl kojicc.
Pa3MelueHHe naćcftJKHpoB H boaht6ah b aBTOMoÓnae « Mockbhh» MOJKeT CbiTb npH3HaHo aocTaTOHHO yaofiHbiM aaH Maao- aHTpajKHoro aBTOMoóHan aaHHbix rafia- pHTHbix pa3MepoB. riaaBHOCTb xoaa aBTO- MoOHaa « Mockbhh» 6aaroaaph He3aBH- CHMOH noaBecKe nepeanHx Koaec TaKKe HBjiHercH yaoBaeTBOpHTeabHOH aaa aBTo- MofiHaeH aaHHoro icaacca. Ha mHHax 5,00— 16" KOMCpopTaóenbHocTb e3abi b
aBTOMoóHae yBeaHHHBaeTCH.
JIafiopaTopHbie HcnbiTaHHH MarKocxH noaBecKH iBcex aBTOMo6Haefl 6bmh npo- BeaeHbi b aa6opaiopHH noaBecoK H A M H KaK ao npoóera, Tax h nocae Hero. Hcnbi
TaHHH HpoiBoaHaHCb MeToaoM c6pacbma- hhh nonepeMeHHO nepeaHefl h 3aaHeft HaCTH aBTOMOfiHafl c BbICOTbl 65 MM H 3anHCbIO BHi6pOrpa({)OM B03HH«aiOmHX npH 3TOM Koae6aHiHH KyaoBa h Koaec.
Ha pnc. 8 npHBeaeHa oaHa H3 xapax- TepHbix aannceH a a n e C a m A , noayqeHHbix npH HcnbiTaHHH. KpHBbie D0Ka3brBaioT, hto 3aTyxaim e KoaefiaHHii HacrynaeT y jxe nocae iBToporo Koae6aHHH. HacTOTa hx aocTaTOHHO fiaaronpHHTHa h aejKHT b npe- aeaax 80—95 Koae6aHHH b MHHyTy. K a«
noKa3aaH HcnMTaHHfl, 3aMeTHoft pa3HHH,bi B COCTOHHHH MHPKOCTH HOaBeCKH 3a BpeMH n p o fie ra He npoH3omao.
OOaopHocTb H3 aBTOMoiCHnu KaK iBne- pea, Tax h Ha3aa yaoBaeTBopiHTeabHaH.
ila iiH a «caenoft 30HH» nepea aBTOMofiH- aeM icocTaBaaeT 8 m, inapHna «caenoft 30HU» o taeBoft c t o h k h aofioBoro CTenaa—
2,5 M, HTO COOTBeTCTByeT BeaHHHIlaM 3THX
«caenbix 30H» a p y rn x MapoK coBpeMeH- Hbix aBTOMofiHaeft.
B o BpeMH n p o fie ra n p n aBHHceHHH no nbiabHbiM aoporaM Ha6aioaaaocb 3HanH- TeabHoe npoHiiiKHOBeHHe nbian b «ysoB, a ocHOBHOM qepe3 HenaoTHocTH noaa Ka- ÓHHbl BOaHTeaH.
ripoxoaHMocTb aBTOMoÓHan « Mockbhh» npn eaae n o BceBOSMOJKHbiM rpyHTOBbiM aoporaM , rp»3H, nec«y h nepeesae pen- h u x 6poaoB aocTaTOHHO xopoiuaH . Ha a o p o ra x c ra y ó o K o fi Koaeeft aBHJKeHHe 3aTpyaHHeTCH H3-3a HH3Koro pacnoaojKe- HHH OTWeab'HblX TOHCK IHaCCH aBTOMO'6HaH.
OaHaKo 3TOT HeaocTaxoK npHcym b paB-
hoh Mepe BceM aerKOiBbiM aBTOMOi6HaHM, KOHcxpyKHHH KoTopbix npeiaycMaTp«BaeT HonoabsoBaHiHe ihx ib ochobhom Ha yeo- BepUleHCTIBOBaHHblX mopOHCHblX HOKpblTHflX.
npoxoaHMocTb aBTOMofinaH « Mockbhh» b npoóere npaKTHHecKH 6biaa TaiKan * e , KaiK aBTOMo6naH «rioOeaa». FlpeHMyme- CTBa aBTOMO'SHan « Mockbhh» n p n asiHHie- HHH no 6e3aopo>Kbio 3aKaiOHaarHCb b xo- porneft MaHeBpeHHOCTH (paanyc noBopoxa 6 m) , HeSoabniHX ra6apiiTax h MaaoM o 6meM ®ece (1160 kt b H a r p y - ' JKCHHQM COCTOHHHH).
IIpOHHOCTb, HaaeiKHOCTL H H3HOCOCTOHKOCTB 3a o6ih,hh npofier b nepnoa HcnbiTaHHH 10 TbIC. km, HeCMO- Tpn Ha cpaBHHTeabHo THHceahie aopoacHue ycaoB'Hn, He 6u ao noaOMOK HaiH BhIXOaOB H3 C T pO H ochobhux arperaxoB aBTOMofiH- aeft. B cpeaneM K a x a u ft asro- MoCnab HMea 8 ocTanoBOK no TexHHHecKHM npHHHHaM, t. e. no oanoft ocTaHOBKe Ha KaKaue 860 k m, c saTpaxoft BpeMeHH Ha HHX B cpeaneM no 22 MnnyTU Ha Kaacayw 1 000 km nyxH.
OcTaHOBKH aBTOMoónaeft npoH3BOan- ancb a an cMeHbi 3aaHHx peccop, cMeHbi HIHH, aoaHBKH Boabl B paanaTOpbl H ycrpaHeHHH MeaKnx HeHcnpaBHocTeft aaeK- TpooOopyaoBa'HHH.
npoHHocTb 3aaHHx peccop OKa3aaacb HeyaoBaeTBopHTeabHOH. H a HeTbipex aBTO- Mo6HaHX « Mockbhh» (NsN° 1, 2, 3 h 4) 6bmo CMeHeno1 11 peccop, b to BpeMH KaK Ha aBTOMofiHaax «lloóeaa» h oficayjKH- BaiOHteM aBT0Mo6nae TA3-51 He 6biao CMeHeno hh oaHoft peccopbi. JIa6opaTop- Hbie HccaeaoBaHiHH caoMaHHbix pecoopHbix ancTOB no«a3aaH, hto npHHHHaMH noao- mok HBaHaiHCb h eaocT a t 0 hh a h HHCTora MeTaaaa (oxaaMHa, nocTopoHHiie BKaio- HeHHH) H BMHTHHbl OT yaapOB MOaOTKOM npn c6opKe peccopbi. KpoMe ycTpaHeHHH 9THX HeaocTaxKOB npoH3BoacTBa, caeayeT npH3HaTb neaecooifipaaHbiM (c peabio aaabHeftmero noBbimeHHn npoHHoc™ pec
cop) BBeaeHiie apoi6ecTpyft»oft ofipaS orra aacTOB h npHMeHeHHe npoiJiHabHoro (na- paSoaHHeoKoro) npoxaTa aaa hx H3ro- TOBaeHHH.
HeaocxaTOHHOH OKa3aaacb npoHHocTb ihhh 4,50— 16". Ha apex aBTOMoSHanx
« Mockbhh» 6biao 15 noBpeiKaeHHii sthx HIHH, 6 H3 HHX iBblUiaH H3 CTpOHJ H3 TpeX a p y ra x aBT0M06HaHx « Mockbhh» c u ih- hhmh 5,00—46" 6biao 8 noBpejKaeHHft hihh H ToabKo oa:Ha H3 HHX BblUlaa H3 CXP'OH.
H3H0C Up OTCKTOp a HIHH 4,50--- 16" 00- CTaBHa 0,7 mm Ha 1000 k m, a y hihh 5,00— 1 6 "— 0,4 m m. 3th aaHHbie CBHae- TeabcxByioT o ueaecoo6pa3HocTH nepexo- aa Ha iBbinyoK aBToMoónaeft «Mockbhh» C HIHHaMH 5,00— 16".
OcTaHOBKH b nyxH H3-3a noBbimeHH-oro HarpeBa Boau b cncTeMe oxaaxaeHHH ABHraTean HBHaHCb caeacrBHeM HefipeJK- hocth HaroTOBaeHHn paanaTopoB (3anaaB- aeHHH HacTH hx xpySo« npnnoeM). 3tot HeaocTaTOK 3'aBoaoM yace ycxpaHeH.
44BHraTean HeTbipex aBTOMofiHaeft « Mo ckbhh» (JMbJVb 1, 2, 3 h 4) nocae npoSera 6bijin noaseprayTH KpaxKHM CTeHaoBblM HcnbiTaHHnM. BHeniHHe xapaKTepncTHKH ux noKa3aHbi Ha pnc. 9.
Ha rpatjiBKe nyHKTHpHbie aHHim xapaK- TepH3yioT pafioTy aiinraTeaeft 6ea pery- anpoBKH h yaaaeHHH Harapa. CnaoiiiHbie aHHHH OTHOCHTCH K T6M JKe ABHraTeaHM, ho nocae ycxaHOBKH Ha hhx STaaoHHux KapifiiopaTopoB h paonpeaeaHTeaeft u ya a aeHHH Harapa H3 KaMep cropaHHH (a b h- raTean HcnbiTbiBaaHCb Sea BeHTHaHxopoB).
H3 paccMOTpeHiHH rpa4>HKOB caeayeT, hto Bee ABHraTeaH nocae yaaaeHHH Ha
rapa h ycTaHoBKH STaaoHHbix KapfiiopaTo- poB H pacnpeaeaHTeaeft noKa3aan homh- HaabHbie 3HaHeHHH mouihocth h skoho- mhhhocth, npeaycMOTpeHHbie TexHHqecKH- mh ycaoBHHMH.
TlaaeBHe MomnocxH HBaneTCH b ochob hom caeacTBHeM Harapoo6pa30BaiHHH; Ha ABHraTeanx I h I I CHHHceHHe MomHocra npoH30Hiao TaKJKe BcaeacxBHe HeycToftHH- boh paSoTbi pacnpeaeaHTeaeft 3a*nraHHH Ha CoabimHx oSopoTax.
Ecan ynecTb, hto HcnbiTaHHH npoBoaH- ancb Ha 6eH3iHHe h Macae xopoinero Ka- necTBa h ABHraTeaH 6h a h MaaoH3HomeH- HbiMH, ycTaHOBaeHHoe Harapoo6pa30BaHHe caeayeT epH3HaTb HenopMaabHo 6oabinHM.
Ha WHOBaHHH AaHHblX HcnbiTaHHH mo'Jkho peKOMeHaoBaTb npoH3BoaHTb yaa- aeHHe Harapa npn TexocMoxpax Hepe3 KajKAbie 6000 k m. OaHOBpeMeHHo 3aBoay
%
Pnc. 9. BHeuiHHe xapaKTepncTHKH neTbipex ABnraTejien nocne n p o fie ra 3bto m o- ÓHjieñ. o ko jio 10 m e . k m:
x ) — vouiHocTb n p ii HeHcnpaBHOM pacnpeAeaH'reae; x x ) — MomHocrb npn sTaJioHHOM pacnpeaejiHTeiie.
Heo’óxOiHHiMo BecnH p a fio ra no yM eabiiie- h h k) OTJiO'JKeHHH Harapa.
rip H MHKpOMeTpHpOBaHiHH AeTajieS flBH- r a ie jie n fib u i ofinapysteH cpaBHHTejibHO fiOJIbUIOH H3H0C CTeHOK UHJIHBAPOB. Ha rpaijiHKe (pac. 10) npencTaBJieHbi kPh- Bbie H3HOCOB HHJIHHAPOB A'BHraTejIH N» 3 3a n p o fie r 8807 k m M e x n y nepBHM H BTOpbUM MHKpO'MerpHpOBaHHeM. BejIHHHHbl H3Hoca B'cex qeTbipex ii.hjihhapob npHMep- HO OlíHHaiKOBbl KaK B njIOCKOCTH OCH ABnraTejiH, TaK h b nepneHnH«yjiHPHbix IUIOOKOCTHX H aOCTHraiOT MaKCHMajlbHblX 3HaneHHñ b 100— 110 m h kPoh.
XapaiKTep H3Hocob u h jih h aPob ocrajib- Hbix rpex nonraTejien TaRon jkc, Ka«
y aBHraTejiH, npencTaBJieHHoro Ha rpa-
<j)H!Ke. CpeAHHH BeJIHHHiHa MaKCHMajlbHblX H3H0C0B Bcex neTbipex aBHraTejieñ co- craBHJia 11,1 m h kpo ha Ha 1000 km upo- fie ra ; y oaH oro H3 flBHraTejieñ ona n o- CTHraa 14,4 iMHKpoHa «a 1000 ikm.
H3Hoc nopiHHe'Bbix KOJieu fib iji hoP- MajIbHblM. CpeaH'He BejIHHHHbl H3HOCOB BepXHHX KOMHpeCCHOHHblX KOJieiI HO Bbl- coae jie a iajih b n peaeaax 15— 45 mhkpoh; noTepn Beca sthx k o jie n « o jie fia jn ic b b npeneJiax 0,95—4,23 r.
H3H0C KopeHHbix H maTyHHbix meen KoaenaaToro Bajía fibui npnMepHo oAnna- KOBblM. MaKCHMajIbHblH o s a ji uieeK Haxo- AHjich b n p e a e jia x 2-h 11 m h k p o h. Flo- BepxHocTH u ia iyH H b ix rneeK f iu jin rjia n a n - m h; noBepxHocTH KopeHHbix meen HMe;m omyTHMbie naabueM KOJibneBbie phckh b 3QHe OTBepCTHH, nOAB‘OAHm,HX CMa3Ky.
y aBTOMofiHjieñ « Mockbhh», BKcnaoa- THpyioiiiHxcH ¡b Mookb6 h b a p y rn x ro p o - a a x C XOpOIHHMH aOpOXHHMH nOKpblTHH- m h, nHaHHapbi aBHraTeaeft HMeiOT 3nanH- TeabHo MeHbmHe H3h o c h. 3to aaeT ocHOBaHiie n p e a n o a a ra rb , uto ochobhoh npHHHHO'H nOBbimeHHblX H3H0C0B nnjiHHn- Pob npn HcnbiTaHHHX HBJiHJiacb Heyao- BaeTBopHTeabHasi pafiona c y x o ro Bosayxo- (JiHjibTpa aBHraTean n p n aoHMeHHH no nhwbHbiM aoporaM . CaeayeT TaK xe ot- MerHTb, hto aBHraTeaH aBTOMofinJien
« Mockbhh», ynacTBOBaBinnx b npofiere,
He HMejIH (¡IHJIbTpOB TOHKOH OHHCTKH M acjia h cpencTB hjih ko htPojih h p e ry- jiHipoiBaHHH TenjiOBoro coctohhhh ABHra- TejiH. BBein&HHe hx 3HanHTejibHo noBbiciiT H3HOCOCTOHKOCTb ABHraTejieH.
H pn paafiopKe k oPo6ok nepenan h ocMOTpe coctohhhh hx aeTajieñ b AByx KopofiKax fibijiH ofiHapyJKeHbi c jie a w b h- KpauiHBaHHH 3yfibeB inecTepeH h HeHop- MajibHo fio jib in o ñ H3HOC ynopHbix m añfi.
LUapHKOBbie non.nihhhhkh nepBHHHoro h BTOpHHHOrO BajIOB HMejIH HeHOpMajIbHO fio jib u iy io B bip a fio m y. np-HHHHaMH sthx neijieKTOB HBjiHioTCH HeeooTBeTCTByiom.ee xanecTBo cTanH inecTepeH h HeynoBJieTBO- pHTejibHoe KanecTBO H3roTOBJieHHH non*
munHHKOB. CaMa KOHcnpyKmHH koPo6kh nepenan aBTOMofiHJifl « Mockbhh» HenocTa- tohho cooepuieHHa, ooofieHHo nJiu aBTO- M ofinjieñ HHnHBHnyanbHbix BnanejibueB, He HMeKMHHX npO(|)eCCHOHajIbHbIX HaBbIKOB fiecm yM Horo nepeKjnoneHHH nepenan.
Pa3PafioTaHHaH 3aBonoM HoBaa koh- CTpyKUHH KOpofiKH HepSnaH c CHHXpOHH- 3auHeñ HHCJia ofiopoTOB inecTepeH npn nepeKjnoneHHH, ycta¡HobJieHHah Ha BKcne- pHMeHTajIbHOM aBTO'MofiHjie « Mookbhh», 3HanHTejibHo yBejiHHHBaeT nerKocTb ynpaB- jieHHn abtO'Mo fihjieM . Bce neTann ee n o cjie n p o fie ra fib ijm b nonpaBHOM coctohhhh.
>KeJiaTenbHo, hto6m 3aB0« b KpaTnañmHH cpoK npHcrynHJi k BbinycKy sthx h o b h x KopofioK nepenan.
Ábto m o6hji.h « Mockbhh» nocjie Hcnu- TaKHH noTpefioBajiH una najibHeftmeH skc- njioaTauHH jiH n ib 3aMeHbi oTMeneHHbix Bbirne neTaneft KopofioK nepenan; b
•OCTanbHOM ohh HaxonHjiHcb B HCnpaB- HOM TeXHHHeCKOM COCTOHHHH. 3tO n03- BonneT naTb o fim y io nojiojKHTęjibHyio OneHKy npOHHOCTH 3B T OMofi H JIH « Ha- neJKHocTiH e ro pafioTbi b pa3JiHHHbix ycno- IBHHX.
llp o c r o T a H ynoficTB O y x o n a H o fic jiy s K iiB a H iijf
B KoHCTpyKUHH aBTOMofiHjieñ, npen- Ha3HaneHHbix n n n H«nHBHnyajibHoro no jib - 3ooaHHH, npocTOTa yxo n a h oficjiyjKHBa- h hh HMeeT ooofieHHo fio jib in o e 3HaneHHe.
J Ijih oneHKH 3Toro KanecTBa n PH ¡Hcnbl- TaHHHx fibijiH npoBeneHbi cneuHajibHbie HafijnoneHHH.
y fio p K a H MOftKa aBTOMOfiHJIH «Mo- CKBHH» n P0H3B0nHTCH nOCTaTOHHO npOCTO, fie3 H3JIHinHHX 3aTpaT BpeMeHH. rjIH(J)Ta- jieBan oKpacKa KyaoBa o fijia n a e T fiojib-' IHOH npO'HHOCTbIO, XOpOIUO COXpaHHCT fijiecK h He TpefiyeT nojinpoBKH.
KojiiHHecTBO roueK CM33KH h KpenjieHHH aBTOMofinjiH HeBejiHKO. 3 a ip a T a BpeMeHH Ha TexHHnecKHH ocMOTp nocjie Kancnoñ 1000 km cocTaBJiHeT 2— 2,5 naca npn b h- noJiHeHHH ero onHHM qejioBeKOM. O fiin a n ou,eHKa npocTOTH h ynoficTBa oficjiyjK H - BaHIIH aBTOMOfiHJIH « MoCKBHH» MOJKeT fibiTb n a s a noJiOHiHTejibHaH.
H a p n n y c 9THM npn HcnbiTaHHHX oTMe- neHbi orneJibHbie HenocTaTKH KOHCTpyK- HHH aBTOMOfiHJIH, KOTopue TpefiyiOT ycTpaHCHHH. B uacTHocTH HeofixonHMo:
а) yjiynm.HTb nocrym ik MacjiouajiHBHoñ ropjioBHHe nBMraTejiH, HecKojibKo nepeMe- cthb aKKyMyjiHTop;
б) yBeJiHHHTb nponycKHyio cnocofiHOCTb ceTKH b ropjioBHHe 6eH3ofiaKa, HTofibi He TpefioBajiocb BbiHHMaTb ee H3 ropjioBHHbi npn 3anoji«eHHH fia x a H3 6eH30K0Ji0H0K;
o) H3MeHHTb KOHCTpyKUHIO CnyCKHOft npofiiiH 6eH30'6aKa, HTofibi npn noJib30Ba- hhh eio ycTpaHHTb B03MojKH0CTb nonana- hhh STHJiHpo'BaHHoro fieH3HHa Ha p y m ;
r ) ofiecnenHTb coxpaHeHHe cMa3KH b ne- penHeñ onopH oil BTyjiKe BonnHoro Ha-coca;
,a) yjiynniH Tb nocTynHOCTb nJin cmh3kh nepenHero mapHHpa nponojibHOH pyjieBoñ thph h 3anHero peccopH oro n a jib u a ;
e) ofieCneHHTb B03M0*H0CTb nonTHHÍKH thth pynHoro TopMosa fie3 ee oTcoenn- HeHHH.
B KOMnneKTe HHcrpyMeHTa, npHJiarae- M oro k aBTO'MofiHjiio, HenocTaeT HaKHfl- H oro KjnoHa 1 7 X 1 9 m m nJin ra e n peccop- Hbix CTpeMHHOK. X^ejiaTenbHO TaKHie
Phc. 10. rpa<t>nK H3Hoca uHJiHHnpOB A S H ra ie n a Ns 3 nocae n p o fie ra : nyHKTHpHan ^h h h íi — h3hocb njiocKocTH, nepneHflHKy.ijrpHOH och A B iira ie jia ; cn.JiouiHaa ^h h b íi — h3hoc
b n^ocKOCTH och A B H raie^fl.
2 *
