Avtomobil' : Ežemesâčnyj naučno-tehničeskij žurnal : organ Ministerstva Avtomobil'nogo Transporta RSFSR, 1950.08 nr 8

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HtoOh nOBHCHTb MOUIHOCTb ABHTaTeJIH 3a chct yjiymueHHa HanojiHeHHa hhjihh- ApoB cMecbio h yjiyauieHHH cMeceo6pa30- b3hhh ueAecoo6pa3Ho: pa3AeAeHae snycK- Horo h BunycKHoro TpyOonpóBOAOB (hjih h30jih pon a H He oAHo-ro ot Apy ro ro ) h npHMeHeHHe cneuHaJibHoro ra30Boro cMecn Tejí a. HoKaaaTejiH ABHraTejia npn IIOAHOM HCnOAb30B3HHH BCeX 9THX B03- MojKHocTefi 3iia«iHTenbHO yAyamaiOTca, OAnaiío npHMeHeHHK) oiiTMMaAbHOH CTeneHH

«K a raa Ha cymecTByiomnx 6eH3HHOBax ABHraTe.nax npenaTCTByeT hx neAOCTaToa- Haa MexanHiecKaa npoanocTb.

CTeneHb cwaTHa 6eH3HiioBoro ABnraTe- Aa npn nepeBOAe ero Ha ra3 mohího noAHaTb Ha 2—2,5 eAHHnnu 0e3 3Ha«iH- TeAbHoro napymeHHH ycnoBHH npoaHo- CTH KpHBOIHHHHO-UiaTyHHOrO MeX3HH3M3 h yxyAuieHHa ycaoBHñ npoTeKaHHa CMecn aepea K.nanaHH.

TaKHM o6pa30M, BHeceHHeM b 6en3HHO- buh ABnraTeAb HexoTopbix H3MeHeiiHH — 3aMeHbi roAOBKH 6aok3, pa3AeAeHHH TpyCo- npoBOAOB h ycxaHOBKH BMecTO KapÓiopa- ropa raaoBoro cMecnTena,— moskho nony- HHTb raaoBUH AnnraTeab, 3HaHHTeAbno npeBOcxoAamHH no cbohm noxasaTenaM yiIHBepcaAbHblH ra306eH3HH0BbIH.

MomHOCTb Taxoro ABHraTena npn Hcnonb30BaHHH KOKCOBoro ra3a nony- naeTca Ha 3— 5 % Oónbineñ, neM Ha 6ea- 3HHe. Ha BHCOKOKajIOpHHHblX MeTaiIOBUX ra3ax h na «KHKeHHOM ra3e npeBHUieHHe moihhocth Aocraraex 10— 20»/o.

SKcnjioaTauHOHHUH pacxoA ra3a npa BHeCeHHH B ABHTaTeAb yKa3aHHbIX H3Me- HeHHH yMeHbmaeTca Ha 20— 30»/» (no cpaBHeHHio c pacxoAOM rasa HenepeAenaH- HHM 6eH3HHOBbIM ABHraTeJieM), MTO nO3B0- ahct cooTBeTCTBeiiHO yBejiHHHTb npoOer aBTOMoOHAeñ M e*A y 3anpaBKaM« ero ra- 30M, HAH yMeHblHHTb KOJIHHeCTBO 6aA- JIOHOB.

iKpaTKOBpeMeHiiyio pa6oTy ABiiraTena hah ero nycK Ha 6eH3HHe mokho oóecnenHTb nyTeM ycTaHOBKH KapOropaTO- pa c AH^KjjysopoM Manoro ceneHHa, hto6u H30e>KaTb AeTonauHH npH noAHOM o t k p h- THH ApOCCeAH.

B nepcneKTHBe AaAbHeñuiero pa3BHraa B03HHKaeT 3aAana co3AaHHH cneuHaAbHbix ra30Bux ABHraTeAeií c naHBbicuieñ bo3- mo>khoh CTeneHbio «K araa.

TaKHe ABHraTeAH M o ryr ÓHTb C03AaHbi KaK B BHAe CaMOCTOHTeAbHblX KOHCTpyK- hhh, Tax h Ha 6a3e ABHraTeneñ, pafioTaio- ihhx Ha ikhakom TonAHBe c BocnAaMeHe- imeM ot «Karaa.

ZlHHaM'HKa H 9K0H0MHK3 ra3o€aAAOHHoro aBTOMOÍÍHAa 33BHCaT T3K>Ke OT KO H C TpyK - HHH H HaAeJKHOCTH paOoTbl OTAeAbHhlX aneMeHTOR ra30Boií ycTanoBKH.

BajKHeííuiHM arperaTOM ra30B0ft ycxa- HOBKH HBAalOTCa CaAAOHU AJIH «K3THX ra30B. JlHuib 6.aaroAapa noafineHHio

b 1934—1936 r r . oOAerneHHbix CTaAbiibJX fíaAAOHOB Ha paOonee AaBAeHne 200 aTM., ra3o6aAAOHHbie aBTOMoÓHAH, patíoTaiouiHe Ha «KaTbix ra3ax, nonyanAH 6a3y aah pa3BHTHH. nOAOfíHbie CaAAOHbl (pnc. l, a ) , oOaaAaioiHHe npHMepHo baboc MenbuiHM

«yCAOBHHM yAeAbHblM BCCOM», ieM KHCAO- pOAHbie, n03B0AHK)T p33MeCTHTb Ha 3BTO- mo6ha8 AocTaTOHHbiH 3anac ra3a 6e3 3Ha- HHTeAbHOH noTepn rpy3onoA’beMHocTH.

Oa h3ko, KaK yw e ynoMHHaAocb, 6onb- inoii Bec TonAHBHoñ Tapw ocTaeTca OCHOBHblM HeAOCT3TKOM ra306aAAOHHUX aBTOMofíHAeñ, paOoTaioiHHx Ha cwaTHX ra3ax, noaTOMy ciraweHHe Beca SaAAOHOB HBAaeTca BajKHeftmeH 3aAaneñ b nene pa3Bnraa ra3o6ajiAOHiioro aBTOTpaHcnopTa.

P

hc

.

1. EaajioHbi naa cacaTbix r a3 0B na paóonee naBneHne 200 ana.:

n CTajibHoñ nH^HHApHHecKHñ,* 6 — H3 Jiernoro cn^aBa c onaeTKofi; e — CTa^bHoñ Ko;i5oo6pa3Hbiñ.

Ha pnc. 1, 6 ii l , e noKa3aHbi nocnenHHe HOCTHlKCHHa B 9TOH OÓJiaCTH. B SannoHe rana e 3a cneT paBHonponHocra ccjje- panecKon (JiopMbi aocrarayTO yMeHbineHHe Beca npnMepuo na 30%, no cpaBHennio c ofiunHUM UHJiHHflpimecKHM Cajijio- hom a. BannoH ran a 6 naeT eine Óoabmee CHHHcemie Beca, npnMepHO BA'Boe no CpaBHeHHIO C UHaHHapHMeCKHM. Oh H3roTOBaaeTCH H3 nerKoro aniQMHHHeBoro cnjiaBa h onjieTaeTCH tohkoh, ho bhcoko- npoHHoii CTaabHon npoBOJioKoá, pa6o- Tarouieñ Ha pa3puB. npHMeHeHHe nonoó- h h x SajijioiiOB nacTOJibKO CHHxaeT Bec ycTaHOBKH, hto n a x e b HaHMeHee GaaronpHHTiioM cnyaae npaMenenna cpen- HeKajiopnñHwx « K a ra x rasos, noTepa rpy3onoa'beMHOCTH cTanoBHTCa npaKTH- necKH MajioomyTHMon. Tan, j u ia aBTOMo- 6hjih 3HC-150 Bec ra3OB0H yciaHOBKH co CTajibHbiMH fiaaaoHaMH i(BoceMb uiTyK) cocTaBaaeT 600 Kr, a c ajiiOManneBUMH — 350 Kr.

Eannoiibi nna «KHweHHux ra30B pac- CHHTHBaiOTca Ha MaKcnMaabHoe pafioaee aaBJieHHe 16 aTM. n hx iH3roTOBjieHHe He npeACTaBJiaeT hhk3khx TpynnocreH. Bec

b t h x 6a;uioHOB He npeBbimaeT 1,5 K r/x r ra3a, hto npaKraaecKH He OTpawaeTca Ha rpy3onon'beMHocra aBTOMoOnna.

TonaHBonoflaiomaa annapaTypa raaoóaa- aoHHoro aBTOMofíHaa BKnioaaeT ra30Byro peaynnpyiom yio CHCTeMy h cMecnTe.ibHoe yCTpoñcTBo. B annapaTypy ana oKHweH- h hx ra30B noóaBHaeTca HcnapnTenb.

3 ia apnapaTypa GcyinecranaeT nonaay k aBHraTemo ra3a n B03nyxa, nx CMeuin- B3HHe, n031tpOBKy B HyiKHOM KOJIHHeCTBe H B HyjKHOM COOTHOUieHHH.

3HaHHTenbHoe BnnaHne, oxa3WBaeMoe annapaTypoíi na p a 6o iy ABHraTena, ocho- Banó Ha tom, mto oHa aBJiaeTca opra- hom peryjiupoBaHHH paOonero pe>KHMa ABHraTena. H3MeHaa KonnaecTBo n xa- necTBo (cooTHomeHHe Mewny B03nyxoM H raaoM) paBoneñ cMecn, annapaTypa tcm

CaMUM H3MeHaeT MOUI,HOCTb H oCopOTU ABHraTena. Tan KaK aBT0Mo6HAbHbw abh- raTenb pafioTaer Bce BpeMa b ycnoBHax nepeiHeHHbix Harpy30K n oCopoTOB, opraH perynnpoBaHHa cocTaBa CMecn npnoOpe- TaeT ocoCoe 3HaaeHHe.

Ha pnc. 2 noxa3aHo H3MeHeHne coctaBa paSoneñ cMecn n scjxjjeKTHBHoro K. n. n.

flBnraTena npn onraManbHOM perynnpona- hhh ero MOinHocra Ha ra3e h 6eH3HHe (flBHraTenb PA3-51). ü p n 100-nponeHTHon Harpy3xe ycTaHaBmtBaeTca oOorameHuaa perynnpoBKa, Heo6xonnMaa ana nony- neHHH HanConbmeH Momnocra npn naH- Hbix oóoporax. B cnyaae yMeHbineHHa narpy3KH cnenyeT nepexoAHTb Ha ofien- neHHue sKOHOMHHHue CMecn. B stom ot-

■HouieHHH,- KaK iBnnuo H3 pnc. 2, np>onB- JiaeTcn yxaaaHHoe panee npenMymecTBo 6onee mnpoKnx npenenoB BoennaMeHae- mocth ra3a. 3to npenMymecTBo raaoBoro TonnnBa, onHaKO, ne Hcnonb3yeTca b SojIbUIHHCTBe COBpeMeHHblX KOHCTpyKPHH raaoBofl annapaTypbi, b kotopmx 'ocyme*

cranaeTca npocroe KonnaecraeHuoe pe- rynnpoBaHne cocTaBa CMecn (KpHBaa 3 na pnc. 2).

Ochobhmm opraHOM onraManbHoro pe- rynnpoBaHHa cmcch Ha ra3e nonnieH 6bITb 3KOHOMaÍ13ep, neñcTByioinHH no TOMy >Ke npnHnnny, nro n aKonoMan- 3epH 6eH3HHOBHx KapOiopaTopoB, ho «e- cKonbxo omnanbiH no cBoeMy ycTpoñcTBy, T3K KaK npenenu oCenHeHna Ha ra3e ro- paano umpé, neM Ha '6eH3HHe.

noMHMo CMecHTenbHoro h no3npyiomero ycTponcTB, 6oji buioe 3HaneHne HMeeT TaKiKe coBepincHCTBo penynHpyiomeH CHCTeMbi, cHHHíaiomeH nanneHHe ra3a c 200 aTa noara no aTMoccJiepuoro.

3a nocneauHe ro n u b KOHCTpyKnnio penynnpyiouieñ cncTeMbi BBeneHu BawHue ycoBepmeHCTBOBanHa. Bnaronapa ene- UHanbHOMy ycTpoiicTBy, tbk Ha3bmaeM0My

pa3rpy>KaTenio, jiynuine coBpeMenHue penynnpyio- mne cncTeMbi nonaiOT ra3 non neOonbuiH'M H36utoh- HbiM naBneHneM— 10—

30 mm Bon. CTon6a (a ne non pa3pe?KeHHeM, xaK npe>KHHe cHcreMhi), hto BecbMa OnaronpnHTHo ot- pa>KaeTca Ha pa fío ie bb h- raTena. flaBneHne, c ko- TopbiM ra3 nonaeTca k

nnraienio, nowra ne 33BH- cht ot naBJieHna ra3a b OannoHax. 3to BecbMa BancHo nna c h o tu x ra- 3ob, naBnemie KOTOpbix b CannoHax KoneCneTca ot • 5 no 200 aTM.

H a pnc. 3 h 4 npHBe- neHbi . narpy304Haa h BHeniHne xapaKTepHCTHKH ABHraTena BA3-51 Ha Me- TaHOBOM ra3e c annapa- Typofl, BKnioaaiomeií cne- piianbHUH cMecHTenb, sko- H0MaH3ep n pan np yrnx ycTponcTB, •o6ecnenHBaio- m nx onTHManbHoe pery- napoBanne, h c oObiaHofi annapaTypoH, oSecnera- Baiomen npocToe Komme- ciBeHoe peryjinpoBaHne.

PHCñ a2ó rlí 3MÜHeuHe Kl " • A. nBHraie.ua 1 A3-51 npn H3MeHeHHH Harpy3KH

(n = 1500 o6 /mhh.):

1 — SeH3HH, onTHMajibHoe peryaHpoBaHHe; 2 _caca- Tbiñ moraiiomjii ra3, onTHMaabHoe pGryjiHpoBaHHe- 3 cmaTbift MeraHOBbift ras, oCbiiHoe KojiBBecTBGH-

Hoe peryaHpOBaHHe.

3th naHHbie noiía3biBaioT, hto m o h i- Hocra h 3K0H0MHHH0CTb ABHraTejia cyme- CTBenHo nOBbimaiOTCH npn pannoHanbHon ra30Boñ annapaType.

ApMaTypa h ra30Baa KOMMyHHKanna ra3o6annoHHoro aBToMoOnna onpenenaioT TaKofl Ba.H<HbiH SKcnnoaTanHOHHbiH nona3a- Tenb, Kan Hane>KHOCTb aBTOMoónna b pa-

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I

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380

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2

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V s V \

N ■s.

i

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— - -

2 '

J

10 15 20 25 30 35

MouHoemt, OOuectmeAS, n c

40

Pnc. 3. Sk o h o m h h h o c tI) nR ararejisi FA3-51 n p n aacTna- H ux n a rp y3 K a x ( n = 1500 o6/m h h.):

/ —ciKa'ruñ MeTaiioBuii ra3, o6um ioe KOaHBecTBeBHoe peryjiHpoBaHHp.

BKoiiOMaftsep ocTyTCTByeT; 2 — cwaTbiit MeraHOBuft ra3, annaparypa c 3K0B0MaÜ3ep0M; 3 — fieM tni, CTaHflapTBuft Kapúraparop (yAeabHbifi

pacxoA b nepecqete na ra3).

4

6oTe. HeoßxoaHMo yaejiHTb ôojibiue ohh- MaHHíi 3THM arperaTaM, h ot Hciiojib30Ba- HHa •cnynaHHbix KOHCTpyKu,HÜ nepeñra k

cneuHajiH3HpoBaHHbiM h3^gjihhm.

ra 3 0 iia u o .iH iiL G .ib in ,ie c ra H u m i OpraHH3au,HH CHaöxKeHHü ra30M hb- flaeTCH OAHOH H3 ocHOBHux npoßaeM pa3- BHTHH ra3o6anjioHnoro aBTOTpaHcnopTa, ocoöenHo B caynae npHMeHenHH cncaToro ra3a.

IIpHHHTan b HacToamee BpeMa b Kane- CTBe THnoBOH ra30HanoaHHreJibHaH ct3h- Uhh OKaToro ra3a HMeeT «Ba KOMiipecco- pa na AaBJieHHe 350 ara, npoH3BOAHTeab- HocTbK) no 180 M3/nac,'pecHBepbi bucoko- ro flaBneHHH oómeii eMKOCTbio 8 m3 h «se ra3opa3naToniibie kojiohkh. OanaKo onuT pafioTU i(flon6acc, M arum oropcK ) noKa3aji, n r o hah kokcoboto ra3a >Kejia- TejibHo npHMeneuHe CTanunn 6ojibmeft ripOH3BOAHTejIbHOCTH.

KanHTajibHue 3aTpaTM Ha CTpoHTeab- CTBO T3K0H CTüHUHH JlHfflb H6MHOTO BUffle, neM Ha nocTpoiíKy ranoBoii cthhuhh, a 3KcnnoaTaiiHoHHbie pacxoflbi u ctoh- MocTb encaran oahoto KyßoMGxpa ra 3a ÖyflyT 3HâHHT6JIbHO HHHCe.

Ocoßoro BHHMaHHH 3 a c n y Ä H B a e T c h- CTeMa OHHCTKH H OCyUIKH CHOTOTO T33a

njioaiauHOHHbie noKa3aTejiH,

¡Mencay TeM KaK npHMeHeHHe pe- CHBepHoft SaTapeH, nepeB03HMofi Ha npHuene Tarana, ho3bojihho 6bl ÄOCTaBJIHTb Ta3 Ha MeCTO CTOHHKH aBTOMOÖHJien. Oana Ta- Kaa ßaTapen BecoM 15 t MonceT oßcnyncHTb ao 30 raaoöaJwoH- HUX aBTOMOÖHJieÖ.

CoBpeMeHHaa ra3opa3aaTon- Haa CTaHUHa cncnnceHHoro ra3a HacTOJibKo ynpomena, hto no CBoeü cxeMe h BHeuiHeMy BHay Maao neM OTjinnaeTca ot oßbin- HOH 6eH3Opa3aaT0HHOH KOJIOHKH.

TaKoe ynpomeHHe crano bo3- mojkhhm ßjiaroaapa npHMeHe- HHK) cneu,HajibHux caMOBcacw- BaiOIHHX HaCOCOB AJIH CHCHHCeH- Horo ra3a. Ha pHC. 5 noKa3aHa cxeMa ra30HanojiHHTejibHoü CTaH- UHH oKHJKeHHoro ra3a c TaKHM HacocoM.

Hapaay c ycoBepmeHCTBOBa- Hue.M ra3o6ajioHHbix hbtomoóh- jieñ h ra30HanojiHHTejibHbix cTHHUHH Ôojibuioe 3HaneHHe HMeeT yjiynmeHHe KanecTBa ca- MHx raaoB: MeTaHH3au,HH cpea- HeKaJiopHHHbix ra30B h oncHHce- HHe cncarax ra30B.

n p H MeTaHH3au,HH cpeaHeKa- jiopnfiHbix raaoB (kokcoboto, OBeTHJIbHOro) HHSKO-KajIOpHHHbie cocTaBJi íiioHíHe (oKHCb y rjie - poaa, Boaopoa) nepexoa»T bb h-

coKOKaaopHHHHH MeTaH. ripn

TaKoö oöpaßorae ra3a, npoH3BO- aHTeabHocTb ra30HanojiHHTejib- HOH CT-aHUHH yBejiHHHoaeTCH npH- MepHO b 1,5 pa3a. OaHospeMeHHo AocraraeTC» BecbMa ooBepuieH- Haa oHHCTKa u ocyiiixa ra3a.

I 40

I

% 30 I

20

1 9

u

2 -

7

/ /

—

—

1 - t

—

2

Oe eMc.i 360 360 1 320 300 I I 280 J

1000 1500

Vuc/io oboporrwÖ 6 uuu 2000

Phc. 4. BHeuiHHe xapaKTepncTHKH asHraTeaa T A 3-5 1:

1 — c KapöiopaTopoM-CMeciiTe^eM,* 2 — co cneuHa^bHbiM ra30BbiM CMCCHTe^eM.

na ra30HanojiHHTejibHbix cTaHHHHx. npHMeHaeMbie npHMHTHBHbie yCTapeBUiHe ycTpoñcTBa a o a *H b i óbiTb 'saMeHeHu ßojiee coBep-

HieHHbiMH, oöecne'iHBaio-

1UHMH noaHyio oHHCTKy ra3a ot npHMecefl H BJiara, BpeaHO bjihhk>ih,hx Ha paöOTy KOMiipeccopoB h ra3oßaaaoHHbix aBToMo- ßHaeä.

B nepcneKTHBe u.eaecooßpa3Ho npHMe- HeHHe nepeaBHJKHbix pecnBepHbix ßaTapeü, nOCpeaCTBOM KOTOpUX CTaHHHH MO>KeT oßcayjKHBaTb ra3o6aaaoHHMe aBTOMoßnaH, iiaxoaamneca na paccTOHHHH 20— 40 k m. EaceaHeBHue noe3aKH aBTOMoßn aefl Ha CTauHHio 3iianHTeabHo chhähiot hx skc-

3aaana okhikchkh onarax ra30B hb- JineTCH BnoaHe peaabHoft h peuieHa «e ToabKo b aaöopaTopiibix ycaoBHax.

CjKHXKeHHe B 03M O Ä H O aHU Jb n p n o n e H b HH3KHX TeM ne paT ypax (— 160° 14) h sto HBJiHeTCH ocHOBHOH T p ya H o cT b io . OaHa-

Ko O Ä H » e H H e oneH b BuroaHO. Gjkhjkch- H uii MeTaH 3aHHMaeT o ß ie M B 600 pa3 MCHbiHHH, neM ra30o6pa3H U H , m v ¡ b T p ii

Phc. 5. ra30HanoaHHTeabHaa CTaHuna c>KH>KeHHoro ra3a:

/ — noA3eMHa« UHCTepHa; 2 — pa3AaToqHa»

Kojiomta; 3 — caMOBcaCHBaiouiHü Hacoc u m ciKHBieHHoro rasa; 4 — saeKTpoMoTop Hacoca;

5 — cqeTMHK >KHAKOro ra3a; 6 — ra3opa3AaToq- Hbift maawr; 7 — TpyfionpOBOAbi aaa causa rasa b noj3eMHyio HHCTepuy; 8 — TpyöonpoBoa ot no;¡3em iofi lUïCTepinj k Hacocy; 9 — oßpaT- Htift TpyßonpoBOfl ot nacoca k HHCTepiie (ypaBHHTeabHuft); 10 —npeaoxpaHHTeabHbiR Kaa- naH; 11 — aBromicrepua aasi nepeBosKH c » u -

iKGHHoro ra3a Ha CTamimo.

pa3a MeHbuiHH, neM npn cacaran ao 200 aTM. KaaopHiĆHOCTb I Kr cjKHHceHHoro MeTana BHuie, neM 1 Kr 6eH3HHa.

MaccoBoe BueapeHHe ra3oßaaaoHHoro aBTOTpaHcnopTa TpeöyeT ot naynno-Hccjie- aoBaTeabCKHx opraHHsauHH h npoMurn- aeHHocTH paciHHpeHHH h yrayßaeHHapaßOT no ycoBepmcHCTBOBaHHio TexHHKH ra30- ÖaaaoHHoro aBTOTpaHcnopTa.

2 ABTOMo6w;ib 8

Ö

3 K C l ! A O A T A U H 5 Î ABTOMOBMAbHOrO TPAHCIIOPTA

TA BIH BOJILIHE TPAHCIlOPTHOtt IlP O jU K U jn i C KAJK^OrO EHJIOMETPA IIPOBEPA ABTOMOEHJIÄ

0 . KAJIASyxO B

3aMecmumeAb Mimucmpa aamompancnopma P C & C P

Cou,HajincTHHeCKoe cope&HOBaHHe h cTa- xaHOBCKoe ABHJKewHe oöoramaioTca Bee HOBbí'MH H HOBUMH (jjOpMaMH, pOJKAeHHbIMH TBopaecKOH HiiHUHäTHBOH TpyAamuxcH Ha­

mei! BeJIHKOH POÄHHhI.

CTaxaHOBCKOe ABHxeHHe inoayHHAo ihh- pOKOe paBBHTHe na aBTOMOÖHAbHOM TpaHC- nOpTe B BHA6 ABHJKeHHH ffltxjjepOB-CTO- THCHHHHKO®, ÍI03BOJlHBmerO 3HaHHTeAbHO noBucHTb «opm u MeKpcMOHTHUx aipoöe- rOB aBTOMOÍHJieñ, pe3KO nOHH3HTb HOPMU naanoBux 3aipaT Ha icoaepacaHHe aBTO- MoßHJieft, coKpaTHTb HOpMU pacxoaa M8- TaajioB, 3amacHux qacTefi « MaTepHaaoB.

IIIo4iepbi-cTOTH'C3«HEK« cTaBAT ceöe 3aaaay AoÖHBaTbca oömero yAyqmeHHH TexHH'iecKoro coctohhhh h ncnoAb30Ba- hhh aBTonapKa, nonum eum ero npo«3Bo- AHTeJIbHOCTH H CHH*eHHH OeÖeCTOHMOCTH nepeso30K.

JÏBIIJKeHHO IHOCjiepOB-CTOTblCíIHHHKOB HO CBoeMy cymecTBy «MeeT KOMnjieKCHbiä xapaxTep h HanpaBAeno «e tojibko Ha yBejmaemne MeacpeMOHTHux npoöeroB asTO- MoÖHjieft h arperaTOB, ho h Ha yßejiH- neHHe apoßera aBTommt, cHHHceHne pacxo- Aa 6eH3HHa, yBejmqeHHe 3arpy3KH aBTO- MOÖHAH H ero 'IIOJie3HOH paÖOTbl.

Heab3H cHHTaTb nepeaoBUM paöoHHM Toro mo(j)epa, KOTopuä, oöecneHHBan 3Ha- HHTeabHoe yBeAnneuHe MeacpewoHTHoro npoöera, aonycicaeT nepepacxoa cpeacTB Ha oßcJiyjKHBauHe h pömoht a btomoÔ hah , He BHnOAHHeT yCTaHOBAeHHOH HOpMH pacxoAa 6eH3HHa h npoöera aBTOiiiHH, ne BhinoAHaeT naaHa nepeB030K. CaeayeT nOMHHTb, HTO yBeAHHeHHe MeHCpeMOHTHHX npoßeroB He ueAb, a cpeacTßo aah no- BUUieHHH . npOHSBOAHTeAb'HOCTH paßoTH aBTonapna h CHHJKeHHH pacxoaoB Ha ne- peB03KHv

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Oa-iiaKo 3aqacTyio sto ABHHceHHe Ha aBTOTpaHcnopte nöHHMaiot OAHocTo-poHHe

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norpy3KOH h pa3rpy3K0H, ompoKuM npn- MeneHHeM npHuenoB h aBTonoe3AOB.

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ABHHteHHH.

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napKa h noBbmieHHe ero npoh3boAHTc ab- HOCTH.

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U e n o aecTH paßoTHHKOB aBTOTpaHcnop- Ta ycneuiHO peuiHTb 3aaaaH, KOTopue c ra - BHT nepea hhmh caaBHue CTaxanoBUH!

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H a jo cHHJKaTb pacxoA ÓeH3HHa, pe3H- h u, 3aTpaTM ¡Ha TexhhHecKoe oÓCAyMi- B3'HHe H peMOHT He TOAbKO Ha KHJIOMeTp npoóera, a, rjiaBHUM oópa30M, Ha tohho- KHJIOMerp. A AJIH 3TOTO H3AO mnpoKO npHMeHHTb ripHuenu, oóecnenHTb Ha«- Sojibiuee Hcnojib30BaHHe npoóera « aan- ÓOAbinyro 3arpy3Ky aBTOMOÓHAH h npn- pena.

Ecjih Ha KajKAUH KHAOMeTp npoóera m u ÓyaeM aeaaTb óoAbine tohho-khao- MeTpoB 3a cneT TioBumeHHH cTeneHa hc- noAb30BaH.HH npoóera h TOHHaaca aBTO- moÓhjih h npHMeHeHHH npHpenoB, to tbm caMUM m u yMeHbUii»M sce pacxosbi Ha*

OA»H TO HHO-KHJIOMeTp H CHH3HM CeÓe- cTowMocTb nepeB03OK. Ecjih npn otom m u GyaeM BKonoMHTb óeH3»H, chh3HM pac- xoaw Ha peMOHT h yBejiHHHM Mexpe- mohthuh npoóer aBTOMoÓHjieft u arpera- tob, a cjieaoBaTejibHo, chmbhim ece pac- xo au «a oahh KHjioMeTp npoóera, to npH OAHOBpeMeHHOM yBejIHHeHHH BbipaÓOTKH B TOHHO-KlHJIOMeTpaX iHa OAHH KHjioMeTp npoóera, m u AoÓbeMca KOMnjieKOHofl 3KOHOMHH H CHHJKeHHH CeCeCTOH MOCTH OAHOrO TOHHO-KHJIOMCTp 3.

3Ta 3aaaHa HaM noa OHjiy h bo mho- rOM OHa 33BHCHT OT TOTO, KaK Mbl, HIO- (Jiepbl-CTOTblCHHHHKH, 6yA€M paÓOTaTb Ha JIHHHH.

M u npeujiaraeM ocymecTBHTb Ha npa«- THKe BHaHHTejibHoe oHHiKeHHe cefiecTOH- mocth nepeBoaoK, naópaB noKaaaTejieM C I I H W e H H e B C e x 3 a B H C f l l I I H X OT n a ć p a c x o a o B Ha o j h h t o h h o- K H J I O M e r p H, B COOTBeTCTBHH C 3THM, npHHHJiH Ha ce6n cjienyiomHe couHajiHCTii- necKHe o6a3arejibCTBa.

1. I l o p a c x o a a M

1. CHHBHTb na 10°/o pacxofl TOiuiHBa H paóoTaTb He MeHee Tpex «Heft b Mecau aa cner skohombh.

2. ifloBucHTb npoSer aBTomHH npoTHB HopMbi b ab a pa3a h AOBecra stot npo- 6er ao 60 tuc. km.

3. 'CHH3HTb paCXOAbI Ha Bce BHAbl pe- MOHTH H TeXO0CAy>KHBa'HHH aBTOMOÓHJISI Ha oahh KHAOMeTp npofiera Ha 30%.

II. I l o 3 K c n a o a T a i i H O H H u m n O K 3 3 a T e A H M

1. IloBblCMTb rpySOnOATieMHOCTb 3a- KpenaeHHoro sa ¡na.mu aBTOMofiHAsi 3a cneT fioAbinero KOAHHecTBa Aneii pafioTu c aBTonpnn.enoM b cpeAneM 3a toa Ha 45%.

2. ilOBblCHTb K03(J)HUHeHT H0nOJIb3O- BaiiHn npofiera, hpothb aanAaHHpoBaHHo- ro cpeAHero no aBTOX03HHCTBy Ha 1950 r., na 11%.

3. nOBbICHTb K03c|)HLIHeHT MCH0Ab30Ba-

hhh TOHHajKa aBTOMoÓHAH ih npHuena Ha 8% 3a cneT MaKOHMaAbHoft 3arpy3KH npH nepeB03Kax AerKOBecHbix rpy30B h HeKO- Toporo neperpy3a npoTHB HopMbi npn pafioTe Ha xopomnx Aoporax.

noBbim eHHe 3THX TpeX SKCHAOaTaiiHOH-

hhx noica3aTeAeH 0’6ecne>tHT noBbimeHHe npOH3BOAHTejIbHOCTH B TOHHO-KHAOMeTpaX Ha oahh KHAOMeTp npoOera.

IIOBblLLICiHHe K03<})HliHeiITa HCn0Ab30I!a - BHsi npo-6era, npa ynjioTHeHHH pafkwero Ahh h paCoTe Ha amhhh '6e3 upocToes

«3-3a TexHHHecKoń nenonpabhocth aiiTo- mo6hah, oSecneHHT HaM BunoAHeHne 3a roA na iHarneM aBTOMoSHAe 350 000 t-k m. OpHHHTbie H3MH IIO COItHaAHCTHHeCKOMy o6H3aTeAbCTBy noKa33TeAH, b coorBeT- ctbhh co cpeAHHMH noKa3aTeahmh aBTO- 6a3bi no nnany 1950 r., npHBeAeHu b

cjieAyiomeH TaSAHpe:

noKa3areaH

CpeaiiHe no 5-ft aBTo- 6a3e no naa- Hy na 1950 r.

npHHHMae- Mbie corjiac-

HO OÓH3a- TejibCTBy

M3MeHeHHe B %

r i e p e M e i i t i u e p a c x o au Ha 1 k m

i i p o ó e r a ( 3 a B H c a i n H e O T u i o ^ e p a )

1. TonaHBO, k o i i... 31,6 28,5 — 10 2. H3HOC H peMOHT aBTOUIHII, KOII. . 16,7 11,7 30 3. Texo6cayiKHBaHne h pc m o h t aBTOMO-

6HAH (BCe BHAbl) ... 33,8 23,7 - 3 0

Htoto na 1 km npo6era . . . . 82,1 63,9 - 2 3 , 2 S K c n a o a T a u H O H H b i e n o K a 3 a i e -

ji h ( s a B B C a m n e 0 1 111 0 i]) e p a) 1. ToHHaac aBTOMoSHaa c yneTOM p a S o iu

c npHuenoM ... 4,00 5,80 + 4 5 2. KosijiHHHeHT HCiiojib30BaiiHH npoóera 0,715 0,8 + 1 1 3. Ko3(j)HUHeHT HCII0Ab30BaiIHH TOHHaiKa 0,9 0,98 _{+ 8}

npOH3BOAHTeabHOCTb B TOHHO-KHJIOMei'paX

ii a 1 km oómero npoóera (npoH3BeAe-

HHe rpex n o K a 3 a T e a e ii)... 2,56 4,55 + 7 7 ,7 CyMMa 3aBHcau;Hx ot moifiepOB pacxoAOB

na ł T -K M ... 32,0 14,0 - 5 6 , 2

KoMnAeKCHaa skohomhh ecex pacxoAOB

h noBbiuieHiHe npotii3BOAHTeAbHOCTH o6ec- nenaT cumKemie 3aBHCHUtHx ot nac pac-

XOAOB Ha OAHH TOHHO-KHAOMeTp Ha 18 Kon., hah Ha 56,2°/o, a oóman bkoho-

mhh Ha 350 tuc. t-km, KOTopue mu

CAenaeM 3a, 1950 r., coct3bht 63 tuc. py6, 3a toa.

M u np.H3UBaeM acex uiocjiepaB rpyao-

bux aBToxo3siHCTB, h b nepByio onepeAb UIOCilepOB-CTOTblCHHHHKOB, nOCAeAOBaTb H3- uieMy npHMepy h BKAiOHHTbCH b abhjkc- utte 3a KOMnAeKCHyio skohomhio.

npHHHTUe H3MH COUHaAHCTHHeCKHe o6h- 3aTenbCTBa no noBbiuieHHio npoH3BOAH- TeAbHocTH paOoTbi aBTonapKa h CHHHce- hhio cefiecTOHMOCTH nepeB03OK AaiOT Bce OCHOBaHHH AAH O p T 3 H H3 3 UHH ópHraA- iio ro xo3pacneTa npn ycnoBHH nepecTpoii- kh CHCTeMu nAaHHpoBaHHH h yneTa, b HacTHocTH opraHH3aitHH yneTa ochor- h u x 3KcnAoaTauiHOHHbix noKa3aTeAefl h pacxoAOB no ica/KAOMy aaTOMoCnAio b OTAeJIbHOCTH.

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